CS374 Human-Computer Interaction

Human Perception
Monvorath Phongpaibul Prapaporn Rattanatamrong

Input Output Channels

Hi, there

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Hello

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Input
Input in the human occurs mainly through the senses
Sight Hearing Touch Taste Smell Limbs Fingers Eyes Head Vocal system

Number of effectors to aid the input mechanism

Vision
Primary source of information
There are 2 stages of visual perception
Physical reception of the stimulus Processing and interpretation of the stimulus

Visual Perception
Perceiving size and depth
Visual Angle - the angle a viewed object subtends at the eye Size Constancy the tendency of objects to keep the same apparent size regardless of distance.
Depth Distance Familiarity

Visual Perception
Perceiving brightness reaction to levels of light
Luminance the amount of light falling on the objects surface and its reflective properties Contrast a function of the luminance of an object and the luminance of its background

The capabilities and limitations of visual processing

What is this?

Which one is longer?

Which one is longer?

Is the text correct?

The Quick Brown Fox jumps over the

the lazy dog.
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Visual Perception
Perceiving color
Color made of 3 components:
Hue the spectral wavelength of the light (S - blue, M - green, L - red) Intensity the brightness of the color Saturation the amount of the whiteness in the color

The combination of color components can make up of 7 million different colors. Human can perceive about 10 different colors without training 8% of males and 1% of females are color blindness. Mostly due to unable to discriminate between red and green
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Reading
3 Stages of reading process
Perceive the visual pattern of the word Reference to a representation of language Syntactic and semantic analysis and operate on phases or sentences

Some facts about reading

Adults read approximately 150 words / minute Standard front that readable is 9 12 points 2.3 5.2 inches of line lengths are readable Reading from a computer screen is slower than from a book Negative contrast displays are preferred and results in more accurate reading performance

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 The human ear

Outer ear Middle ear Inner ear

Hearing

Processing sound
Pitch the frequency of the sound Loudness proportional to the amplitude of the sound Timbre type of the sound

Human ear can hear frequencies from 20 Hz 15 kHz. Human ear can distinguish frequency changes of less than 1.5 Hz. at low frequencies 13

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v =1FFDvhGjMDo

Touch
Skin contains 3 types of sensory receptors
Thermoreceptors respond to temperature Nociceptors respond to intense pressure, heat and pain Mechanoreceptors respond to pressure Related to Human Rapidly adapting mechanoreceptors Slowly adapting mechanoreceptors

Computer Interaction

Two point threshold test

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Movement
What happen when you see this window?

Computer
Display Text

Human I/O

Brain

Receive Text

Transmit

Process and generate response

Respond to the text Receive respond Signal

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Movement
Speed VS. Accuracy of movement
Typing Shooting game Pie Menu vs. Linear Menu

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Human Memory: Structure of Memory

Sensory memories Iconic Echoic
Attention

Cocktail Party phenomenon

Haptic
Short-term memory or Working memory
Rehearsal

Long-term memory

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Sensory Memory
Buffers for stimuli received the senses There is a sensory memory for each sensory channel
Iconic memory visual stimuli Echoic memory aural stimuli Haptic memory touch stimuli

Constantly overwritten by new information coming in on sensory channels Test Moving the finger in front of you. How many finger did you see? 18

Short-term Memory
Acts as a Scratch-paper for temporary recall information. Try 35 x 6 which part of the memory is working? Average people can remember 7 +/- 2
2653076208 071 242 6378

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Long-term Memory
Main memory resource, huge and no capacity limit but slow access Two type of long-term memory
Episodic memory
represents our memory of events and experiences in a serial form Construct the actual events that took place at a given point in ones live

Semantic memory
Structured record of facts, concepts and skills that we have acquired Structured in the way that allow access to information representation of relationships between pieces of information and inference

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- Question -

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