Chapter 1 - Introduction to Science 1.1 What is Science?

Science is the systematic study of nature and how it affects us and our environment. Science is a set of knowledge obtained from researches on the environment. Scientic knowledge always develops because natural phenomena often give rise to questions. Science is the study of Natural phenomena. Science develops our inquiries about natural events that happen around us. A scientist uses his expertise and knowledge in science to question and solve problems, to perform experiments, to explore and create new things or gadgets to make our lives easier. However, not all questions can be answered through science. Science also has limitations. For example, we cannot change the seasons and we cannot cure all diseases. Natural Phenomena Natural phenomena are incidents that bring questions in science. They happen naturally in our environment. All living things and non-living things may be affected by natural phenomena that happen all the times. The following are some examples of natural phenomena: 1. Solar and lunar eclipses 2. The effect of rotation of the Earth 3. The melting of ice 4. A fruit falling to the ground 5. Growth of human from a baby to an adult Science is a branch of knowledge obtained from various observations and experimentations on natural phenomena. Therefore scientic knowledge is expanding every day with new discoveries. Knowledge is gradually changing with the old ones replaced by new information obtained from new discoveries. The Benets of Science and its Usage Scientic knowledge benets mankind by improving their living standards. Enabling mankind to learn about their surroundings and solve problems confronting them. Through scientic knowledge, mankind can full their daily needs in various elds such as transportation, communication, agriculture medicine etc. Transportation Transportation today is faster, more comfortable and more convenient than it used to be. Large aeroplanes can transport people and goods to all parts of the world. Advancement in science has meant that faster, safer and more powerful cars and motorcycles can now be found on modern and better highways. Travelling by road has been made quicker and safer.

Communication The invention of communication tools such as telephones, radios, televisions and computers has helped us to communicate with people all over the world. The launch of communication satellite has made long distance communication possible. Agriculture Technology has helped scientists to develop plants which are better able to resist diseases and have higher yields, and help animals to grow faster. The development of better fertilisers and more effective insecticides has enabled farmers to increase agriculture production. Medicine Few centuries ago, people rarely lived beyond 40. Advancement in medicine has helped us to lead healthier and longer lives. Today, many people live beyond 65 years of age. Surgeries and organ transplants have become easier and safer with better equipment and facilities. The discovery of vaccines, antibiotics and new drugs has helped to save many lives. They have helped to reduce the pain and suffering of patients. Scientic Areas of Study and Related Careers Branch of Science Biology Physics Chemistry For the study of Plants and animals Properties of matter and energy Composition and chemical properties of substance, their reactions and uses The Sun, moon, planets & stars body functions and treatment of diseases The Earth!s crust (rocks and minerals) Career Biologist/ Teacher/Lecturer Engineer/ Teacher/ Lecturer Pharmacist/ Chemist/ Engineer/Lecturer Astronaut Doctor/Lecturer/ Nurse/ Dentist Geologist

Astronomy Medicine Geology