PENGUCAPAN AWAM

ABDUL MUATI @ ZAMRI BIN AHMAD, Ph.D Jabatan Komunikasi aku!ti Bahasa Mo"#n "an Komunikasi $%$&& Uni'#(siti Put(a Ma!a)sia *#("an+, *#!an+o(. #,mai!- abmuati@.ut(a.u.m.#"u.m)

P/N0/NALAN

Pi"ato umum atau b#(u1a. "i kha!a)ak a"a!ah m#(u.akan satu k#mahi(an )an+ bo!#h "i.#!a2a(i. Ramai o(an+ m#n+an++a. k#bo!#han ini s#ba+ai satu k#istim#3aan 3a(isan )an+ "itu(unkan "a(i satu +#n#(asi k# +#n#(asi b#(ikutn)a "a!am s#s#buah k#!ua(+a. Ka2ian,ka2ian )an+ "i2a!ankan "i n#+a(a Ba(at "an .#m#(hatian )an+ "ibuat "i tanah ai( kita s#n"i(i m#mbuktikan baha3a tan++a.an b#+ini a"a!ah ti"ak t#.at. *#ba!ikn)a k#mahi(an b#(u1a. bo!#h "i.u.uk "an "iasah m#!a!ui .(os#s .#m#!a2a(an, .#n"#"ahan "an ama!an "#n+an .an"uan "an bimbin+an "a(i .#n+u1a.,.#n+u1a. )an+ t#(!atih "a!am bi"an+ ini. Rin+kasn)a, s#tia.

in"i'i"u )an+ no(ma! bo!#h m#n2a"i s#o(an+ .#n+u1a. )an+ b#(k#san s#ki(an)a "ib#(i .#!uan+ m#n+#na!i k#mahi(an t#(s#but s#1a(a !#bih t#(.#(in1i "an sist#matik. Him.unan nota (in+kas ini b#(tu2uan untuk m#m.#(k#na!kan .a(a .#mba1a k#.a"a t#knik,t#knik b#(u1a. "an a"a!ah "iha(a.kan ian)a mam.u "iman4aatkan s#ba+ai +a(is .an"uan k# a(ah .#mb#ntukan s#o(an+ .#n+u1a. )an+ b#(2a)a. P#(!u "iin+atkan baha3a nota,nota b#+ini s#(ta .(insi.,.(insi. "an t#o(i,t#o(i !ainn)a sama a"a )an+ b#(b#ntuk "#sk(i.ti4 atau .(#sk(i.ti4 ti"ak sama s#ka!i "a.at m#n++antikan !atihan,!atihan b#(b#ntuk ama!i. *#ba!ikn)a .#n+#tahuan t#o(i ini ha(us b#(2a!an s#i(in+an "#n+an !atihan ama!i b#(u1a. "a!am b#(ba+ai situasi ba+i tu2uan .#mb#ntukan .#n+u1a. b#(k#san s#.#(ti )an+ "in)atatakan ta"i.

UN*UR,UN*UR U5APAN T#("a.at #m.at unsu( )an+ m#mbina s#suatu u1a.an "an s#ka!i +us m#mb#6akan .#n+u1a.an a3am ini "a(i !ain,!ain akti'iti komunikasi. 7. P#n+u1a. , ia!ah in"i'i"u )an+ b#(tan++un+2a3ab m#!uahkan isi bi1a(an)a "i kha!a)ak "#n+an tu2uan t#(t#ntu. 8. %. U1a.an , ia!ah kan"un+an isi bi1a(a )an+ "i!uahkan. Kha!a)ak 9 au"i#ns , ia!ah s#kum.u!an manusia )an+ m#n"#n+a( bi1a(a "an s#t#(usn)a b#(tin"akba!as t#(ha"a. bi1a(a t#(s#but. Bi!an+an ah!i kum.u!an ini bo!#h 2a"i "ua .u!uh atau !#bih. 0o!on+an ini!ah )an+ m#(u.akan sasa(an u1a.an .#n+u1a.. D#n+an !ain .#(kataan, isi bi1a(a si .#n+u1a. s#b#na(n)a "i1i.ta khas untuk m#(#ka. $. *ituasi , iaitu k#a"aan "a!am mana s#suatu u1a.an itu "ia"akan. La6imn)a situasi untuk u1a.an ini "i(an1an+ t#(!#bih "ahu!u.

PRIN*IP,PRIN*IP U5APAN T#("a.at !ima .(insi. asas )an+ ha(us "ib#(i .#(hatian s#(ius o!#h s#tia. in"i'i"u )an+ mahu m#n2a"i .#n+u1a. )an+ b#(k#san, iaitu7. 8. 3. $. :. K#mahi(an m#n+um.u! bahan u1a.an. K#mahi(an m#n)usun bahan u1a.an. K#mahi(an m#n+in+ati atau m#n+uasai u1a.an. K#mahi(an m#n++unakan bahasa )an+ s#suai "an baik. K#mahi(an m#n)am.aikan bi1a(a k#.a"a au"i#ns.

P/N0K/LA*AN U5APAN *#suatu u1a.an itu bo!#h "ik#!askan m#!a!ui "ua ka#"ah, b#("asa(kan tu2uan ian)a "ibuat "an b#("asa(kan 1a(a ian)a "isam.aikan.

7. a.

P#n+k#!asan u1a.an b#("asa(kan tu2uanP#mb#(itahuan 9 in4o(mati4 , u1a.an )an+ "ibuat "#n+an tu2uan untuk m#mb#(i mak!umat. 5ontohn)a s#.#(ti tak!imat, 1#(amah,1#(amah (in+kas, .#mb#ntan+an k#(tas k#(2a "sbn)a.

b.

P#mu2ukan 9 m#m.#n+a(uhi , u1a.an )an+ "ibuat "#n+an tu2uan untuk m#n+ubah k#.#(1a)aan, sika. atau .#(!akuan au"i#ns. 5ontohn)a k#m.#n .o!itik, k#m.#n anti, "a"ah "sbn)a.

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M#n+hibu( , u1a.an )an+ "ibuat "#n+an tu2uan untuk m#n1#tuskan k#+#mbi(aan atau k#(ian+an biasan)a "a!am ma2!is,ma2!is k#(aian. 5ontohn)a u1a.an !#.as makan ma!am "sbn)a.

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Ma2!is khas , u1a.an )an+ han)a "ibuat "a!am ma2!is,ma2!is t#(t#ntu "#n+an tu2uan,tu2uan s.#si4ik s#.#(ti m#m.#n+#(usikan ma2!is, a!u,a!uan, u1a.an .#n+anu+#(ahan "an s#ba+ain)a.

8.

P#n+k#!asan u1a.an b#("asa(kan 1a(aa. Im.(om.tu, u1a.an )an+ "ibuat tan.a s#ba(an+ .#(s#"iaan khusus "an biasan)a "iun"an+ s#1a(a tiba,tiba. U1a.an 2#nis ini a"a ka!an)a bo!#h m#(osakkan k(#"ibi!iti .#n+u1a.. b. Diha4a! , u1a.an )an+ "iha4a! .#(kataan "#mi .#(kataan "a(i t#ks. U1a.an 2#nis ini kaku "an ti"ak bo!#h "iubahsuai b#("asa(kan situasi. 1. Diba1a , u1a.an )an+ "iba1a .#(kataan "#mi .#(kataan "a(i t#ks atau manusk(i.. U1a.an 2#nis ini 2u+a ti"ak 'flexible'. ". Extemporaneous , u1a.an )an+ "ibuat "#n+an .#nuh .#(s#"iaan "an m#(u.akan +abun+an k#ti+a,ti+a 2#nis "i atas. Da!am u1a.an 2#nis ini a"a t#("a.at unsu(,unsu( im.(om.tu, .#n+ha4a!an "an .#mba1aan. Ia m#m#(!ukan .#(s#"iaan (a.i "an

m#n)#!u(uh "an m#(u.akan u1a.an )an+ .a!in+ flexible.

*I AT,*I AT P/N0U5AP ;AN0 B/RK/*AN 7. 8. Ju2u( "an ikh!as "a!am b#(hu2ah B#(.#n+#tahuan !uas "a!am sub2#k )an+ "iu1a.kan

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;akin akan a.a )an+ "ibi1a(akan Mahi( b#(u1a. "i kha!a)ak P#ka k#.a"a (#aksi au"i#ns P#ka k#.a"a situasi s#kita(an.

LAN0KAH,LAN0KAH P/N;/DIAAN DAN P/R*/MBAHAN U5APAN B/RK/*AN

T#("a.at !a.an !an+kah )an+ .#(!u "iikuti "#n+an t#!iti "a!am m#n)#"ia "an m#m.#(s#mbahkan u1a.an7. 8. %. $. :. <. =. >. M#n+a3a! k#+u+u.an M#n+ana!isis "i(i s#n"i(i, situasi, ma2!is "an au"i#ns M#n+um.u! bahan u1a.an M#n)usun bahan M#(an1an+ .#n+#na!an M#(an1an+ .#nutu. B#(!atih M#n)am.aikan u1a.an.

Lan+kah,!an+kah ini akan "ihu(aikan satu .#(satu "i ba3ah ini-

M#n+a3a! k#+u+u.an Pun1a,.un1a +u+u. s#1a(a .siko!o+ika!7. P#n+u1a. ti"ak suka "ini!ai.

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Hasi! bi1a(a t#(!a!u k(itika! P#n+u1a. ku(an+ mahi( atau ku(an+ b#(.#n+#tahuan P#n+u1a. ku(an+ b#(s#"ia Au"i#ns )an+ "is#+ani.

*)m.tom,s)m.tom k#+u+u.an 7. *#1a(a 4isio!o+ika! k#ta( !utut, s#sak na4as, b#(.#!uh k#tiak "an ta.ak tan+an, 2antun+ k#n1an+, bibi( k#(in+, tubuh kaku, sua(a !#mah ti"ak t#(ka3a!, k#!a2uan b#(1aka. ti"ak t#(ka3a!, bun)i,bun)i .#1ahan sua(a, .itam. 8. *#1a(a .siko!o+ika! takut au"i#ns nam.ak k#+u+u.an ma!u, tak b#(ani b#(t#ntan+ mata, bimban+ !u.a i"#a, ta(ik "i(i "a(i b#(u1a., ?a!!#(+i1? k#.a"a u1a.an a3am.

T#knik,t#knik@m#n+a3a! +u+u. 7. *#b#!um b#(u1a. a. Pi!ih sub2#k )an+ "iminati A2ika b#(u.a)aB b. Ana!isis au"i#ns 1. B#(s#"ia s#1uku.n)a ". *usun "i#a "#n+an 2#!as #. B#(!atih s#1uku.n)a 4. Pu2uk "i(i s#n"i(i +. *#naman,s#naman 'isometrics' h. Ta(ik na4as .an2an+,.an2an+ i. Mat!amat u1a.an manasabah 2. B#(an+an k. 'Relax' m#nta! "an 4i6ika! !. M#mahami #mosi +u+u. m. Ja+a makan,minum.
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*#masa b#(u1a. a. b. 1. ". #. 4. +. h. i. 2. Pi!ih au"i#ns )an+ m#s(a s#ba+ai tum.uan "i a3a! bi1a(a. Thomakninah "a!am u1a.an. Jan+an .#ntin+kan +a)a .#n)am.aian. B#(+#(ak. Jan+an b#(h#nti b#(1aka. 3a!au.un +u+u.. Cu2u" "an k#ka!kan .#(t#mbun+an mata. B#(!a+ak s#.#(ti )akin 3a!au.un tak b#(a.a )akin. ahami )an+ au"i#ns ti"ak akan nam.ak k#+u+u.an kita. Jan+an 'panic' bi!a t#(sasu!. B#(kubu.

Ana!isis "i(i Tan)a "i(i s#n"i(i s#2auh mana7. P#n+#tahuan kita t#ntan+ to.ik. 8. Minat kita .a"a to.ik. %. P#(s#"iaan )an+ su"ah kita buat.

Ana!isis ma2!is9situasi Pastikan7. Jan+kamasa ma2!is 8. 0i!i(an "an 3aktu kita akan b#(u1a. %. *ai6 bi!ik9"#3an 's sai6 au"i#ns $. K#mu"ahan )an+ s#"ia a"a "an .#(!u "ia"akan :. Tu2uan ma2!is "ia"akan <. T#m.atn)a. Ana!isis au"i#ns 7. 5i(i,1i(i "#mo+(a4ik , umu(, 2antina, a+ama, ban+sa, kum.u!an 'ethnic', bu"a)a, .#k#(2aan, taha. #konomi, status sosia!, taha. .#n"i"ikan, i"#o!o+i k#ah!ian .#(kum.u!!an, "!!.

8.

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M#n+um.u! bahan 7. 8. %. B#("asa(kan .#n+#tahuan "an .#n+a!aman s#n"i(i T#mubua! Bahan (u2ukan t#(s#"ia D .#(.ustakaan, .an+ka!an "ata.

M#n)usun bahan 7. Ba+i u1a.an in4o(mati4, 4o(matn)aa. P#n+#na!an , t#("i(i "a(i sa!am9u1a. s#!amat, .#n+ho(matan, .(otoko!, t#knik m#na(ik .#(hatian, .(#'i#3 "an .(os#"u(. b. 1. 8. %. $. Ba"an9isi , t#("i(i "a(i .#n+hu(aian i"#a,i"#a utama )an+ t#(susun 2#!as. P#nutu. , t#("i(i "a(i (#'i#3, k#n)ataan untuk "iin+ati "an .#n)u"ah bi1a(a.

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F.

Lain,!ain susunan ba+i u1a.an .#mbu2ukana. b. 1. ". P#n+#na!an , ta(ik .#(hatian Kaitan isu "#n+an "i(i au"i#ns P#(bin1an+an , 4akta,4akta n#+ati4 "an .ositi4 m#n+#nai isu Do(on+ au"i#ns antuk m#n#(ima )an+ .ositi4.

M#(an1an+ .#n+#na!an Tu2uan .#n+#na!an7. 8. %. M#na(ik minat au"i#ns .a"a to.ik M#mb#(i m#(#ka .#!uan+ su.a)a m#n"#n+a( "#n+an bi2aksana M#3u2u"kan k#m#s(aan.

Unsu(,unsu( .#n+#na!an7. 8. %. *a!am "an u1a. s#!amat P#n+ho(matan .(otoko! T#knik m#na(ik .#(hatian a. b. 1. ". #. 4. +. h. i. 2. 4akta m#na(ik9unik, statistik soa!an ?(h#to(i1?9soa!an biasa 2#naka b#(.#n+a2a(an .#tikan 1ontoh91#(ita9.uisi b#(kaitan m#(u2uk ma2!is, au"i#ns atau "i(i s#n"i(i k#2a"ian b#(s#2a(ah k#.#ntin+an sub2#k .#n+ho(matan .#(iba"i gimmick

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P#(a!ihan k# .(#'i#3 P(#'i#3 P(os#"u(

M#(an1an+ .#nutu. Tu2uann)a a"a!ah untuk m#n)#"iakan au"i#ns su.a)a b#(h#nti m#n"#n+a(. Unsu(,unsu( .#nutu.. 7. R#'i#3 a. b. 1. 8. B#(itahu nak b#(h#nti Rin+kaskan i"#a,i"#a utama U!an+ s#but i"#a,i"#a utama.

K#n)ataan untuk "iin+ati. a. b. 1. ". #. 4. +. h. U!an+ t#knik m#na(ik .#(hatian A2ika s#suaiB Ru2uk k#.a"a t#ma ma2!is atau s!o+an A2ika a"aB Ba)an+kan k#a"aan #sok M#mb#ntuk mood M#(a)u M#n+a2u soa!an M#mb#(i 1aba(an M#mb#(i .#sanan

B#(!atih 7. 8. %. $. :. <. =. >. F. 7&. 77. B#(!atih %,< ka!i Ha4a! i"#a bukan t#ks B#(!atih s#1a(a ?m#nta!? "u!u Ru2uk .a"a ka" nota Ha)ati k#s#!u(uhan u1a.an Jan+an b#(!#bih,!#bih san+at Jan+an b#(!atih bahasa ba"an Buat (akaman Ni!aikan .#(s#mbahan Uku( masa Jan+an ubah ka"a( u1a.an k#(ana masa.

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M#m.#(s#mbahkan u1a.an 7. 8. %. $. :. <. =. >. F. 7&. 77. 78. 7%. 7$. 7:. 7<. 0unakan +a)a s#n"i(i )an+ s#suai B#(bi1a(a "#n+an .#nuh )akin T#nan+ s#b#!um mu!a b#(u1a. Cu2u"kan .#(t#mbun+an mata "#n+an au"i#ns Jan+an mu!a "#n+an m#(u2uk nota B#(1aka. D/N0AN au"i#ns, bukan K/PADA m#(#ka Ru2uk nota s#ka!i,s#ka!a Jan+an m#n2#(it. Mu!akan "#n+an na"a biasa B#("i(i s#t#+ak )an+ bo!#h 0a)akan bahasa ba"an Jan+an +#!isah Tun2ukkan kita +#ma( b#(u1a. *#mbun)ikan k#si!a.an 0unakan a!at,a!at bantu "#n+an b#(k#san Ka3a! sua(a B#(#"a( "#n+an )akin

UN*UR,UN*UR BAHA*A BADAN 7. 8. %. P#nam.i!an "i(i iaitu "a(i s#+i k#t#.atan 3aktu tiba, k#s#suaian .akaian "an tin+kah!aku "a!am ma2!is. 5a(a m#n"#kati "an m#nin++a!kan t#m.at b#(u1a.. T#m.at b#(u1a.
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KA/DAH M/N0/KAL MINAT AUDI/N* 7. 8. %. $. :. <. =. >. M#n++unakan isi "an 1ontoh )an+ ham.i( "#n+an au"i#ns s#.#(ti anak, .#k#(2aan "an s#kita(an. M#!ibatkan au"i#ns , s#but nama m#(#ka , s#but nama o(an+ )an+ "is#+ani. A2u soa!an. Minta kom#n9.#n"a.at. M#n+ha)ati k#s#!u(uhan u1a.an a+a( .#n)am.aian b#(s#man+at. M#(ansan+ .#!ba+ai "#(ia au"i#ns. M#masukkan unsu( suspens'. M#n)#!itkan 2#naka b#(.#n+a2a(an. M#n++unakan ana!o+i )an+ s#suai.

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