Myofascial Muscle Chains

MYOFASCIAL MUSCLE CHAINS
PETER D.M. JONCKHEERE, Physical therapy, Principal Teacher Myofascial Therapy, Belgium.
E-mail: Pejo@glo.be.
JAN A.J. PATTYN, Physical therapy, Teacher Myofascia I Therapy, Belgium.
Objectives: To present a handy survey of the myofascial classification of the muscles according to their pain region in
function of their focus and radiation. With this survey the myofascial muscle chains can be consulted instantly.
Methods:
In function of the myofascial pain regions, per muscle, painfocus and radiation pain have been visually presented on the computer, based upon data out of the international myofascial literature. Out of these findings, for each myofascial region, primary (muscles that give focal pain) and secondary (muscles that give radiation pain) myofascial muscle chains were determined and charted.
Results:
1. Classification of the muscles divided into
61 pain regions according to focality and radiation.
2. Classification of the associated chains in dysfunction according to pain region. 3. Classification of the development of myofascial muscle chains departing from a well-defined muscle. 4. Classification of the myofascial muscle chains where a well-defined muscle occurs in the muscle chain
of another muscle.
Conclusions:
The examiner or therapist can easily trace the myofascial dysfunctions with the help of a compact reference book (practical workbook). The progress of pain can be explained by the development of the myofascial - muscle chains and so there is a point of application to dissolve myofascial dysfunctions efficiently by means of these causal muscle chains.
ISBN: 90-804265-1-2
FRONT
23
P. Face - Upper Cheek & Jaw ...... . . . .. .. .... . 12

. . . . . . . .
89
107
. . . 13 14 Ear - TMJ . . ... . .. . . . . .. . . . 15 Teeth . . .... . .. .. . . ... 16 Throat . ..... .. .. ... . . .. . . .... ... 17 Head - Frontal . .. . 18 Head - Temporal . . . . 21 Head - Vertex . . . . . 23 Shoulder Anterior ..........................................40 Shoulder Lateral. ...........................................46 Upperarm Anterior . ..... ... . . . . ........ 49 Upperarm Lateral ..........................................53 Elbow - Epicondylus Lateralis .......................54 Elbow - Epicondylus Medialis .......................56 Elbow - Antecubital .......................................58 Forearm - Volar .............................................59 Forearm - Radial .. . ....... . . ... ......61 Forearm - Ulnar . .. . . 62 Hand - Wrist - Radial . . .. . ..... .. 66 Hand - Volar side & Wrist ............................. 69 Hand - Wrist - Ulnar ......................................71 Fingers Volar . . . . ..... 75 Chest - Front .. .. . . .. .. ... ....... .. .. .. .. 76 Chest Side . .. .. . .. .. ... ..... .. 78 Abdomen .......................................................79 Groin .............................................................83 Hip - Anterior .................................................85 Thigh - Medial ...............................................89 Thigh - Anterior ................................... : .........90 Thigh - Lateral. ..............................................94 Knee - Anterior ..............................................97 Knee - Medial. . . . .. ... . ............. ..... . . ..99 Knee - Lateral ............................................. 100 Leg - Anterior (shank) ................................. 101 Leg - Lateral. ............................................... 104 Leg - Medial ................................................ 105 Ankle - Malleolus Externus ......................... 106 Ankle - Malleolus Internus .. . .. 107 Foot - Dorsal ............................................... 110
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Face - Lower Cheek & Jaw . Eye
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . .
. . . .
. .
. . . .
. .
. .
. . .
. . . .
. . . . . . .
. . .
. . .
. . .
. . . . .
. . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . .
. .
. . . .
. . .
. . . . . . . . . .
. .
. . .
. .
. . . .
. . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . .
. . . . . . .
. . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . .
. . . . . .
. . . .
. . . . .
. . . . . . .
. .
. . . . .
. .
. . . . . . . . . . .
. .
. . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. .
. . . . . . . .
. .
. . . . . . . . .
. . . .
. . . . . . .
. . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . .
. . . . . . . .
. . .
. .
. . . . . . .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . .
. . . .
. . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . .
BACK
23
P. Ear - TMJ
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Head - Occipital Head - Vertex Neck - Posterior
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Back - Upper-Thoracic Back - Mid-Thoracic Back - Low-Thoracic Back - Lumbar Back - Sacral Back - SIJ
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Back - Coccyx
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Shoulder Posterior Shoulder Lateral
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Upperarm Posterior Upperarm Lateral
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Elbow - Epicondylus Lateralis Elbow - Epicondylus Medialis Elbow - Olecranon Forearm - Dorsal Forearm - Radial Forearm - Ulnar
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Hand - Dorsal side & Wrist Hand - Wrist - Radial Hand - Wrist - Ulnar Fingers Dorsal Chest - Side Buttock Hip - Lateral
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Thigh - Medial Thigh - Lateral Knee - Medial Knee - Lateral Leg - Lateral Leg - Medial
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Thigh - Posterior Knee - Posterior
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Leg - Posterior (calf)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ankle - Malleolus Externus Foot - Plantar
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
15 19 23 24 25 27 30 31 34 37 39 43 46 51 53 54 56 57 60 61 62 63 66 71 73 78 80 87 89 92 94 95 99 1 00 102 104 105 106 108
73
Peter Jonckheere Jan Pattyn
Trigger
vzw
Title: "Myofascial Muscle Chains" Authors: Peter D.M. Jonckheere Jan A.J. Pattyn Cover: Ignace Pattyn Translation: Kathelijne Decloedt
Copyright
1998
Trigger vzw Weidestraat Belgium
234 8310 Brugge
All rights reserved. This book is protected by copyright. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form or by any means, including photocopying, or utilized by any information storage and retrieval system without written permission from the copywright owner.
Printed in Belgium - All rights reserved. ISBN
90-804265-1-2
979287
THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
Index
Introduction
Chapter 1 : Practical Working Method

Procedure chapter 4 : muscle chains according to their pain region Procedure chapter 5 : the muscle chains of each particular muscle
2
2 4
Chapter 2 : Definitions
Myofascial Muscle Chains Trigger Point
7
7 8
Chapter 3 : Algometrics
Myofascial Pain Index (MPI) Myofascial Dysfunctions Conclusions Purpose
9
9 9 10 10
Chapter 4 : Myofascial Chains in function of the pain region

Face - Upper Cheek & Jaw Face - Lower Cheek & Jaw Eye Ear - TMJ Teeth Throat Head - Frontal
11
12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 21 23 24
Head - Occipital Head - Temporal Head - Vertex Neck - Posterior Back - Upper-Thoracic Back - Mid-Thoracic Back - Low-Thoracic Back - Lumbar Back - Sacral Back - SIJ
25 27
30 31 34 37
Shoulder - Anterior Shoulder - Lateral
Back - Coccyx
39 40 43 46 49 51 53 54 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 69 66
Shoulder - Posterior Upperarm - Anterior Upperarm - Posterior Upperarm - Lateral Elbow - Epicondylus Lateralis Elbow - Epicondylus Medialis Elbow - Olecranon Elbow - Antecubital Forearm - Volar Forearm - Dorsal Forearm - Radial Forearm - Ulnar Hand Dorsal Side & Wrist Hand Volar Side & Wrist Hand - Wrist - Radial Hand - Wrist - Ulnar Fingers - Dorsal Fingers - Volar Chest - Front Chest - Side Abdomen Buttock Groin Hip - Anterior Hip - Lateral Thigh - Anterior Thigh - Posterior Knee - Posterior Knee - Anterior Knee - Medial Knee - Lateral Leg - Anterior (shank) Leg - Posterior (calf) Leg - Lateral Ankle - Malleolus Externus Leg - Medial Thigh - Lateral Thigh - Medial
71 73 75 76 78 79 80 85 87 89 92 94 95 97 99 100 101 102 104 105 106 107 108 110 90
83
Ankle - Malleolus Internus Foot - Plantar Foot - Dorsal
Chapter 5 : Myofascial Muscle Chains per muscle

Abductor Digiti Minimi (fingers) Abductor Hallucis Adductor Brevis Adductor Hallucis
11 2
113 114 115 118
Adductor Longus Adductor Magnus Adductor Pollicis Anconeus Biceps Brachii Biceps Femoris Brachioradialis Coccygeus Coracobrachialis Deltoideus Digastricus Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Carpi Ulnaris Brachialis
119 122 124 125 128 132 130
126
134 135 137 140 141 143 146 147 151 152 155 157 158 160 161 162 165 166 167 168 170 175 178 179 181 183 185 188 190 191 194 195 172 154 149
Extensor Digitorum (middle finger) Extensor Digitorum (ring finger) Extensor Digitorum Longus Extensor Digitorum Brevis Extensor Hallucis Brevis Extensor Indicis
Extensor Hallucis Longus Flexor carpi Radialis Flexor Digitorum Brevis Flexor Digitorum Longus Flexor Digitorum Superficialis & Profundus Flexor Hallucis Brevis Flexor Hallucis Longus Flexor Pollicis Longus Gastrocnemius Gluteus Maximus Gluteus Medius Gluteus Minimus Gracilis Iliocostalis Lumborum Iliocostalis Thoracis Iliopsoas Infraspinatus Interosseus Dorsalis 1 & 2 (fingers) Interosseus Dorsalis 1 (toes) Levator Ani Longissimus Thoracis Multifidus (neck) Masseter Levator Scapulae Latissimus Dorsi Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
164
196 199 201 202 204 205 206 207 208
Multifidus (back) Obliquus Externus Abdominis Obturatorius Internus Occipitofrontalis Opponens Pollicis Orbicularis Oculi
Palmaris Longus Pectineus Pectoralis Major Pectoralis Minor Peroneus Brevis Peroneus Longus Peroneus Tertius
209 210 212 215 217 218 220 221 223 224
Piriformis Plantaris Popliteus
Pronator Teres Pterygoideus Lateralis Pterygoideus Medialis Quadratus Lumborum Quadratus Plantae Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Intermedius Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Rectus Abdominus Rhomboideus Minor Sartorius Semimembranosus Semispinalis Capitis Semispinalis Cervicis Serratus Anterior Serratus Posterior Inferior Serratus Posterior Superior Splenius Capitis Soleus Semitendinosus Scalenus Rhomboideus Major Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis
225 226 227 228 231 232 234 237 240 242 243 244 249 246 235
251 252 253 255 256 258 257
Splenius Cervicis
260
Sternalis
261 263 264 267 268 270 272

.
Sternocleidomastoideus Suboccipitale Subscapularis Supinator Supraspinatus Temporalis Tensor Fasciae Latae Teres Major
275 277 278 280 283 284 287 282
Teres Minor Tibialis Anterior Tibialis Posterior Triceps Brachii Trapezius
Foreword
For the therapist who has to deal with a pain problem of the locomotor system there is an enormous amount of information available. Along with the "classical" orthopaedic approach, the manual, osteopathic or chiropractical vision, the electro magnetical therapies a.o. acupuncture etc., the Myofascial approach gains more and more importance. For a great number of therapists, Myofascial Therapy is the ideal completion of their This new book: "Myofascial Muscle Chains" is to be situated within the Myofascial Therapy. With impatience we have been looking forward to this book. It really fills up a gap in found anywhere at the moment. which the myofascial pain therapist will find practical information which cannot be other techniques.
How did this book come into existence? Why throw a book about Muscle Chains and more specifically Myofascial Muscle Chains on the market? The deeper roots of "Myofascial Muscle Chains" can naturally be found in the splendid basic work written by Travell and Simons: Myofascial Pain and Dysfunction: The Trigger Point Manual I and II. particular muscle has associated muscles. When active trigger points are found in permanent connections between this muscle and other muscles. In practice this means that, when dealing with a pain problem, one muscle is found to be prominent, the associated muscles have to be checked and treated as well. Peter Jonckheere is the principal teacher of the highly qualified course of one particular muscle, Travell discovered on a clinical basis that there In this systematic work, Travell and Simons make mention of the fact that each are
"Myofascial Therapy" at the Jing Ming School in Flanders, Belgium. On the basis of systems among these associated muscles and created the concept "Myofascial Muscle Chains" in the early 90ties. With the help of his own ingeniously built-up schedule of muscles and the year-long clinical testing and debating with his students, this basic concept was gradually turned into what is lying now in front of you: a very handy workbook about clinically relevant links between muscles and their pain patterns. The manual is divided into 2 chapters: In the first chapter the therapist can start from the PAIN REGION. their associative chains. (The definitions of these chains can be found in an muscles he is dealing with. For this region all prominent muscles are presented into a schedule, together with his clinical practice and his intrrest in computer programs he went in search of
introductory chapter). In this way the therapist immediately knows which main
In the second chapter the therapist can start from a MUSCLE. Which chains start from this muscle and which chains this muscle forms a part of? In that way surprising links between muscles of the same region occur. treatment spectacularly. Links can also be made with more distant muscles. This knowledge can help the
The neurological segment per muscle is also mentioned: in that way the link between the relevant muscle chains and potenially primary dysfunctions in the vertebral column can be put more easily. Both authors are teachers at the Jing Ming School for "Myofascial Therapy" in Belgium. Peter Jonckheere works as a physiotherapist in Bruges, is a pioneer of the Myofascial Therapy in Flanders, Belgium. He started the above training from scratch and is author of some basic works on MT.: 'Spieren en Dysfuncties, Trigger Punten, Basisprincipes van de Myofasciale Therapie', Publ. SATAS and 'Pijn, u kunt er iets aan doen', Publ. SAT AS. "Trigger Nieuws", the three-monthly magazine about MT. Peter is vice-president of the Myofascial Therapists' Association and editor of
Jan Pattyn works as a physiotherapist in Torhout, attended the training as a student of Peter's and some years ago he was qualified as a fellow-teacher. His enthusiasm and dynamism formed the start of their co-operation which resulted in the publishing of this manual in less than 1 year. As president of 'Trigger", ex-student and fellow teacher of the training and dedicated user and defender of the MT., I am convinced this manual is indispensable in the consulted easily, between two palpations or function tests, which, sadly enough, can not be said of a lot of manuals. library of every pain therapist. Moreover, it deserves a place, within reach, to be
Kris Demanet, M.D.

Sports Medicine Private Practice Torhout, Belgium.
Introduction
Objectives
To present a handy survey of the myofascial classification of the muscles according to their pain region in function of their focus and radiation. With this survey the myofascial muscle chains can be consulted instantly.
Methods
In function of the myofascial pain regions, per muscle, painfocus and radiation pain have been visually presented on the computer, based upon data out of the international myofascial literature. Out of these findings, for each myofascial region, primary focal pain) muscle chains were determined and charted. (muscles that give myofascial and secondary (muscles that give radiation pain)
Results
1. Classification of the muscles
focality and radiation.
2. Classification of the associated chains in dysfunction according to pain
divided into 61 pain regions according to
region.
3. Classification of the development of myofascial muscle chains departing

from a well-defined muscle.
4. Classification of the myofascial muscle chains where a well-defined

muscle occurs in the muscle chain of another muscle.
Conclusions
The examiner or therapist can easily trace the myofascial dysfunctions with the help of a compact reference book (practical workbook). The progress of pain can be explained by the development of the myofascial muscle chains and so there is a point of application to dissolve myofascial dysfunctions efficiently by means of these causal muscle chains.
Chapter 1 Practical working-method
Myofascial therapy treats, by means of trigger points, pains that are caused by the malfunctioning of muscles. The purpose of this work is to present a handy survey of the myofascial classification of the muscles according to their pain region, in function of focus and radiation. This survey enables the user to consult the myofascial muscle chains instantly.
Procedure chapter 4 region
muscle chains according to their pain
PURPOSE: searching the main muscles starting from the pain region indicated by the patient. We argue horizontally. How do we determine which muscles are responsable for pain in a certain region? We start from a specific pain region, indicated by the patient Per pain region you get a survey of the primary and secondary muscle chains

primary m uscle chain
minimum 3 muscles that cause focal pain.

=
secondary m uscle chain
minimum 3 that cause referred pain.
e.g. patient complains of pain in the neck.
pain focus
Splenius Cervicis (UTP) Levator Scapulae Multifidus (neck) Trapezius (TP1 ,2,3)
referred pain
Infraspinatus (Upper 2TPs) Sternocleidomastoideus (sternal) Suboccipital
Out of this schedule we immediately read there are 4 muscles that cause focal pain in the neck. By means of algometries (see chapter 2) we can determine which of these muscles contain an active trigger point.
active TP
=
TP that provokes the recognizable pain when palpated.
An association m uscle chain can start from each muscle with an active TP out of the primary muscle chain.
association m uscle chain
a muscle chain that only consists of muscles that
from their muscle in dysfunction develop TPs in associated muscles.
Example 1
our patient with pain in the neck shows an active TP in the M. Multifidus
Multifidus
Levator Scapulae Semispinalis Capitis Semispinalis Cervicis Sternocleidomastoideus Splenius Cervi cis
This schedule shows that the M.Multifidus has 5 associative muscles.
Which of these 5 associative muscles also cause focal or referred pain? Multifidus(neck)
In our example the 2 above-mentioned muscles are the only ones that cause focal pain in the neck. We speak of a primary association chain. We neglect the M.Sternocieidomastoideus because this muscle only causes radiation pain for the neck and therefore cannot be fitted into the primary association chain. In this book we only sum up the sheer primary and secondary association chains in function of each pain region. Example 2
:
our patient with pain in the neck shows an active TP in the M. Splenius Cervicus.
Splenius Cervicis
Sternocleidomastoideus Trapezius Splenius Capitis Suboccipital
This schedule shows the M. Splenius Cervicus contains 4 associative muscles. Which of these 4 associative muscles also cause focal or radiation pain?
Splenius Cervicis
Suboccipital Sternocleidomastoideus (Sternal)
In our example only the 2 above-mentioned muscles. Since both cause merely radiation pain, we can speak of a secondary association chain. For the same reason the M. Trapezius does not belong here. In this chapter we have determined which muscles are myofascially involved in a certain pain region . When we want to go further into this matter, we consult chapter 5 : the muscle chains of each particular muscle. In that way we can put the links to other pain regions.
procedure Chapter 5 muscle
the muscle chains of each particular
PURPOSE: Finding the links (possibly to other pain regions) starting from the muscle that is already defined.
The working-method is vertical. We start from a muscle in dysfunction , as defined in chapter 3. e.g. a dysfunction of the M. Trapezius.
Chains starting from the Trapezius
We give a catalogue of the muscles associated with the M. Trapezius. associated muscles (according to Travell & Simons) Levator Scapulae Trapezius (contralateral) Supraspinatus Rhomboideus Major Rhomboideus Minor Pectoralis Major Scalenus Temporalis Occipitofrontalis
We now give a catalogue of the primary and secondary asociative chains starting from the M. Trapezius in function of the different pain regions.
Primary associated chains
head - lateral
neck - posterior
Temporalis Trapezius (contralateral, TP1 ) Occipitofrontalis Levator Scapulae Trapezius (contralateral, TP 1 ,2,3)
etc.
Secundary associated chains
head - occipital
shoulder - posterior
Trapezius (contralateral) Temporalis Occipitofrontalis Levator Scapulae Scalenus
Chains in which Trapezius is involved
Dealing with a chronological complaint in which different pain regions are involved, you don't always find the solution to the problem, because already several muscle chains have developed and succeeded one another. To go back to the initial muscle chain we have to proceed in a reversed order . We can do this by looking in which chain of another muscle the Trapezius occurs. The scheme below shows the muscle of which the Trapezius is an associative muscle. Supraspinatus associated muscles (according to Travell & Rhomboideus Major Rhomboideus Minor Simons) Pectoralis Major Scalenus Temporalis Suboccipital Sternocleidomastoideus Splenius Cervicis Splenius Capitis Biceps Brachii We schedule all the different associative chains which the M. Trapezius occurs in.We make three columns. Firstly, the muscle out of which the associative chain starts. In the second column, the likely involved pain region and in the third column the actual associative chain which the M. Trapezius occurs in.

... Trapezius neck posterior
Trapezius
Levator Scapulae
Suboccipital
head-lateral
(contralateral, TP1,2,3) Semispinalis Capitis Sternocleidomastoideus (Sternal) Trapezius (TP1)
..
Secundary associated chains ...

Rhomboideus Minor Sternocleidom astoideus back mid - thoracic
Trapezius
Levator Scapulae Splenius Cervicis Temporalis
...
head occipital
Trapezius (TP 1 ,2,3)
Chapter 2 Definitions
Myofascia/ Muscle Chains

Conditions:

the presence of at least 3 muscles the presence of at least 1 TP per muscle involved the presence of at least 1 active TP in the chain
Kinds:
Direct myofasciaJ muscle chain

Collection of muscles that, in dysfunction,can cause pain, for a well-defined region.
Primary direct myofascia/ muscle chain
Collection only of muscles that , in dysfunction, for a well-defined region, can cause FOCAL PAIN.
Secondary direct myofascia/ muscle chain
Collection of muscles that, in dysfunction, can cause not merely focal but referred pain as well.
MyofasciaJ Associative muscle chain

Collection of muscles that starting from their muscle in dysfunction develop associative TPs in other muscles.
Primary myofascia/ associative muscle chain
Collection
of
muscles
that,
starting
from
their
muscle
in
dysfunction, develop associative TPs that cause FOCAL pain for a well-defined region.
Secondary myofascia/ associative muscle chain
Collection
of
muscles
that,
starting
from
their
muscle
in
dysfunction, develop associative TPs
that not necessarily cause
merely focal pain for a well-defined region.
Trigger Point
A self-maintaining hyper-irritable spot in a skeleton muscle or its associated fascia.
Active Trigger Point

A very sensitive spot that , when palpated, causes an identifiable pain that totally or partly agrees with the pain track of the muscle in dysfunction.
Latent Trigger Point

A spot that causes local pain only when palpated.
False Positive Trigger Point

A spot that causes referred pain: or: or: - not in accordance with the identifiable pain - in accordance with the specific track for this trigger point but with an algometric score higher than the MPI
Chapter 3 Algometries
Purpose
The purpose of algometrics is to define whether a TP is active, latent, falsely positive or absent.This knowledge is based on the most recent data from the American study: "PressureThreshold for referred pain by compression on the trigger point and adjacent area." (Chang-Zern Hong, Yuh-Ning Chen, Debra, Twehous, Dennis H. Hong.
Journal of Musculoskeletal Pain.)
Myofascial Pain Index (MPI)

Pain is subjective. To get an idea by means of algometrics of the pain the patient experiences , we must be able to make an objective evaluation. By means of the calculation of a myofascial pain index we can estimate objectively the value of the pain the patient can bear. The MPI is calculated by measurements on the 18 Tender Points with the Algoprobe . The Algoprobe is an electric algometer , by means of which the MPI is automatically calculated .
The trigger point research is linked to the MPI and evaluated in that way in function of the individual pain threshold of each patient.
These are the locations of the Tender Points we have to measure :
1. 2. 3. 5. 6. 7.
occiput : at the insertions of the Suboccipital muscles. lower cervical: at the anterolateral aspect of C5-C6 edge of trapezius: in the middle of the shoulder second rib: up lateral at the sterno-costal junction lateral epicondyl: 2 cm distal of the epicondyl knee: at the medium fleshy thickness proximal of the jOint
4. supraspinatus: the fossa supraspinatus at the medium edge of the scapula
8. major trochanter: posterior of the prominentia trochanterica 9. gluteal: in the upper lateral quadrant anterior
The MPI is the average pressure that is measured at these 18 Tender point locations (9 right - 9 left)
=> =>
18 values have to be registered by pressure with the probe

The MPI is simply the average value measured at the Tender Points.
Here comes an example how the MPI is calculated.
e.g.
left TeP 1 TeP2 TeP3 TeP4 TePS TeP6 TeP7 TeP8 TeP9 3,70 3,30 4,80 4,00 3,90 3,60 6,10 8,90 6,20 44,50 0,12 4,94 MPI
right 4,30 3,30 5,30 3,60 3,50 4,30 7,40 7,20 4,50 43,40 4,82 4,88
at the insertions Suboccipital muscles anterolateral aspect C5-C7 middle point of the shoulder fossa supraspinatus, medium edge scapula upper lateral at costochondral junction rib 2 2 cm distal of the epicondylus lateralis at the medium side of the knee posterior of prominentia trochanterica in upper exterior quadrant
The calculation of an individual MPI is essential for the following reasons:
I.
pain is subjective and has to be assessed objectively and individually.
2. when, as in the example above, a palpation pressure of 2 kg is used, a lot of muscle indications will be missed, as for this person too little pressure is given. When, on the other hand, a palpation pressure of 6 kg is used, this is too high for this person and a lot of false positive results will be registered. 3.
when diagnosing myofascial dysfunctions, this MPI is determining whether we are dealing with active TPs, latent TPs or with False positive TPs. This information is essential as to stipulate the way of treatment.
Myofascial dysfunctions
In function of the pain region (dr. Chapter 4) and the already determined MPI we measure the Trigger Points that are considered. In function of the individual pain index we can automatically read whether a Trigger Point is active, latent or falsely positive. A TP is active when it has a lower score than the MPI and is attended with the typical referred pain . A TP is latent with a lower score than the MPI but without radiation. A TP is falsely positive when it has referred pain with a score higher than the MPI or when the patient experiences a non-recognizable referred pain with a score lower than the MPI.
Conclusions.
It is useless to apply algometrics without determining a Myofascial Pain Index. The interpretation of the measurements can only be objectified in function of the patient himself.
10
Chapter 4
Myofascial Chains in function of the pain region
11
Face - Upper Cheek & Jaw

pain focus referred pai n
Masseter Pterygoideus Lateralis Zygomaticus Major Sternocleidomastoideus (sternal) Soleus (Iat UTP)
Masseter
Tempora lis (3 anterior TPs) Sternocleidomastoideus (sternal) Masseter Orbicularis Oculi Platysma Pterygoideus Medialis Temporalis Pterygoideus Medialis Sternocleidomastoideus Digastricus Pterygoideus Lateralis
Pterygoideus Lateralis Zygomaticus Major Sternocleidomastoideus (sternal)
Soleus
Scalenus Trapezius Levator Scapulae Splenius Cervicis Pectoralis Major Masseter Temporalis Orbicularis Oculi Occipitofrontalis Gastrocnemius Tibialis Posterior Haliucis Longus Flexor Digitorum Longus Gluteus Minimus Tibialis Anterior Extensor Digitorum Longus Extensor Haliucis Longus Peroneus Tertius
Masseter
Sternocleidomastoideus
Pterygoideus Lateralis Pterygoideus Medialis Temporalis Sternocleidomastoideus Masseter Temporalis
12
Face - Lower Cheek & jaw

pain focus referred pain
Masseter Trapezius (TP1)
Sternocleidomastoideus (sternal) Digastricus Platysma Pterygoideus Medialis Temporalis Pterygoideus Med ialis Sternocleidomastoideus (sternal) Digastricus Pterygoideus Lateralis (inferior) Levator Scapulae Trapezius (contralateral) Supraspinatus Rhomboideus Major Rhomboideus Minor Pectoralis Major Scalenus Temporalis Occipitofrontalis
Masseter
Trapezius (TP 1 )
Masseter
Digastricus Sternocleidomastoideus
13
Eye
Masseter Occipitofrontalis (UTP) Splenius Cervicis (UTP) Sternocleidomastoideus (sternal) Orbicularis Oculi
Masseter
Suboccipital Temporalis (anterior TP) Trapezius (TP1 )
Temporalis Pterygoideus Med ialis Sternocleidomastoideus (sternal) Digastricus Pterygoideus Lateralis (inferior) Sternocleidomastoideus Trapezius (TP1 ) Splenius Capitis Suboccipital Scalenus Trapezius Levator Scapulae Splenius Cervicis Pectoralis Major Masseter Temporalis Orbicularis Ocu li Occipitofronta lis
Occipitofrontal is Splenius Cervicis
Sternocleidomastoideus (sternal )
Orbicularis Oculi
Sternocleidomastoideus (sternal)
Masseter Splenius Cervicis (UTP) Orbicularis Oculi
Masseter Sternocleidomastoideus (sternal) Splenius Cervicis (UTP)
Temporalis (anterior TP) Sternocleidomastoideus (sternal) Temporalis (anterior TP) Trapezius (TP 1 ) SL\boccipital Trapezius (TP1 )
14
Ear TMJ
-
pain focus
. referred pain
Masseter Pterygoideus Medialis Pterygoideus Lateralis Sternocleidomastoideus (clavicular)

Masseter
Splenius Cervi cis (UTP)
Temporalis Pterygoideus Med ialis Sternocleidomastoideus Digastricus Pterygoideus Lateralis
Pterygoideus Medialis Pterygoideus Lateralis Sternocleidomastoideus
Scalenus Trapezius Levator Scapulae Splenius Cervicis Pectoralis Major Masseter Temporalis Orbicularis Ocul i Occipitofrontalis
Masseter
Sternocleidomastoideus Pterygoideus Medialis Pterygoideus Lateralis
15
Teeth
Temporalis (TP1) (upper incisor teeth) Temporalis (TP2) (upper premolar teeth) Temporalis (TP3) (upper molar teeth) Digastricus (anterior part) (lower incisor teeth) Masseter (superficial part) (upper molar teeth) Masseter (superficial part) (lower molar teeth)
Temporalis
Digastricus Masseter
Masseter (other side) Pterygoideus Lateralis Pterygoideus Medialis Trapezius Sternocleidomastoideus Masseter Temporalis Temporalis Pterygoideus Medialis Sternocleidomastoideus Digastricus Pterygoideus Lateralis
Masseter Digastricus
Digastricus Temporalis Masseter Temporalis

Temporalis
Masseter Sternocleidomastoideus
16
Throat
Digastricus Sternocleidomastoideus (sterna/)

Digastricus Sternocieidomastoideus
Pterygoideus Medialis
Masseter Temporalis Scalenus Trapezius Levator Scapulae Splenius Cervicis Pectoralis Major Masseter Temporalis Orbicularis Ocu li Occipitofrontalis
17
Head - Frontal
Masseter Occipitofrontalis Sternocleidomastoideus (clavicular) Zygomaticus Major Temporalis (anterior 2 TPs)

Semispinalis Capitis Splenius Cervicis (UTP) Suboccipital
Scalenus Trapezius Levator Scapulae Splenius Cervicis Pectoralis Major Masseter Temporalis Orbicularis Oculi Occipitofrontalis
Zygomaticus Major Occipitofrontalis Masseter
Temporalis
Temporalis Pterygoideus Medialis Sternocleidomastoideus (sternal) D igastricus Pterygoideus Lateralis (inferior) Masseter (other side) Pterygoideus Lateralis Pterygoideus Medialis Trapezius Sternocleidomastoideus
Temporalis Sternocleidomastoideus Masseter

/
Sternocleidomastoideus Masseter Masseter Occipitofrontalis Temporalis Temporalis Sternocleidomastoideus
18
Head - Occi pital

Sternocleidomastoideus Semispinalis Cervicis Trapezius (TP1,2,3) Digastricus (Post TP)
Semispinalis Capitis Temporalis ( Post TP) I nfraspinatus (Upper 2 TPs) Occipitofrontalis Splenius Cervicis (UTP) Suboccipital Scalenus Trapezius Levator Scapulae Splenius Cervicis Pectoralis Major Masseter Temporalis Orbicularis Oculi Occipitofrontalis Multifidus ( neck) Splenius Cervicis Semispinalis Capitis Levator Scapulae Sternocleidomastoideus Levator Scapulae Trapezius (contralateral) Supraspinatus Rhomboideus Major Rhomboideus Minor Pectoralis Major Scalenus Temporalis Occipitofrontalis Masseter Temporalis
Semispi nalis Cervicis
Trapezius (TP 1 ,2,3)
Digastricus
19
Semispinalis Cervicis
Sternocleidomastoideus Trapezius (TP 1 ,2,3)
Semispinalis Capitis Sternocleidomastoideus Splenius Cervicis Splenius Cervicis Temporalis Trapezius (TP 1 ,2,3) Trapezius (contralateral) Temporalis Occipitofrontalis
20
Head - Temporal
/
pain focus
referred pain
Sternocleidomastoideus (Sternal) Semispinalis Capitis Occipitofrontalis Suboccipital Temporalis Trapezius (TP1) Masseter (superficial lower 2 TPs)
Masseter Splenius Cervicis
Semispinalis Capitis
Scalenus Trapezius Levator Scapulae Splenius Cervicis Pectoralis Major Masseter Temporalis Orbicularis Oculi Occipitofrontalis Levator Scapulae Semispinalis Cervicis Splenius Cervi cis Sternocleidomastoideus Multifidus (neck) Trapezius Sternocleidomastoideus Splenius Capitis Splenius Cervicis Semispinalis Capitis Semispinalis Cervicis Levator Scapulae Multifidus (neck) Masseter (other side) Pterygoideus Lateralis Pterygoideus Medialis Trapezius Sternocleidomastoideus
Occi pitofronta lis Suboccipital
Temporalis
21
Trapezius
Masseter
Levator Scapulae Trapezius (contralatera l ) Supraspinatus Rhomboideus Major Rhomboideus Minor Pectoralis Major Scalenus Temporalis Occipitofrontalis Temporalis Pterygoideus Medialis Sternocleidomastoideus (sternal) D igastricus Pterygoideus Lateralis (inferior)
Suboccipital Sternocleidomastoideus
Trapezius Temporalis Masseter
Semispinalis Capitis Sternocleidomastoideus (Sternal) Trapezius (TP1 ) Trapezius (TP1 ) Temporalis Occipitofrontalis Masseter Temporalis Trapezius (contralateral, TP 1 ) Occipitofrontalis Sternocleidomastoideus Trapezius (TP1 ) Masseter Temporalis Sternocleidomastoideus
Semispinalis Capitis Sternocleidomastoideus
Splenius Cervicis (UTP) Sternocleidomastoideus (Sternal) Masseter Splenius Cervicis (UTP)
22
Head - Vertex
Splenius Capitis
Splenius Capitis
Sternocleidomastoideus (sternal ) Sternocleidomastoideus Trapezius Splenius Cervicis Suboccipital
23
Neck - Posterior
Splenius Cervicis (UTP) Levator Scapulae Multifidus (neck) Trapezius (TP1,2,3)
I nfraspinatus (Upper 2TPs) Sternocleidomastoideus (sternal) Suboccipital
Splenius Cervicis
Levator Scapulae Multifidus
Trapezius
Sternocleidomastoideus Trapezius Splenius Capitis Suboccipital Splenius Cervicis Scalenus Levator Scapulae Semispinalis Capitis Semispinalis Cervicis Sternocleidomastoideus Splenius Cervicis Levator Scapulae Trapezius (contralateral) Su praspinatus Rhomboideus Major Rhomboideus Minor Pectoralis Major Scalenus Temporalis Occipitofrontalis
Multifidus(neck) Trapezius
Levator Scapulae Splenius Cervicis Levator Scapulae Trapezius (contralateral, TP1 .2.3)
Splenius Cervicis
Suboccipital $ternocleidomastoideus
24
Back - Upper-Thoracic
Levator Scapulae Rhomboideus Minor Scalenus Trapezius (TP5)
Biceps Brachii Rhomboideus Major I liocostalis Thoracis (T6) Multifidus (neck) Supraspinatus Trapezius (TP2,3) Triceps Brachii (caput longum) Splenius Cervicis Scalenus Levator Scapulae Trapezius I nfraspi natus Pectoralis Major Pectoralis Minor Sternocleidomastoideus Trapezius (TP2 ,3) Splenius Capitis Pectoralis Major Pectoralis Minor Triceps Brachii (caput longum) Brachialis Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Extensor Digitorum (middle finger) Extensor DiQitorum (rinQ finQer) Levator Scapulae Trapezius (contralateral) Supraspinatus Rhomboideus Major Rhomboideus Minor Pectoralis Major Scalenus Temporalis Occipitofrontalis
Levator Scapulae Rhomboideus Minor
Scalenus
Trapezius
25
Rhomboideus Minor Trapezius
Levator Scapulae Trapezius (TP4,5) Levator Scapulae Rhomboideus Major Rhomboideus Minor Scalenus Trapezius (contralateral)
Scalenus
26
Back - M id-Thoracic
Rhomboideus Major Rhomboideus Minor Scalenus Trapezius (TP4) Iliocostalis Thoracis (T6) Infraspinatus (lower medial TP) Latissimus Dorsi (UTP) Multifidus(back) (T3) Serratus Anterior Serratus Posterior Superior
Multifidus (neck) Levator Scapulae Subscapularis Trapezius (TP3-TP5)
Rhomboideus Major
Scale'lus
Trapezius
Iliocostalis Thoracis
Levator Scapulae Trapezius I nfraspinatus Pectoralis Major Pectoralis Minor Sternocleidomastoideus Trapezius (TP2,3) Splenius Capitis Pectoralis Major Pectoralis Minor Triceps Brachii (caput longum) Brachialis Brachiorad ialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Extensor Digitorum (middle finger) Extensor Digitorum (ring finger) Levator Scapulae Trapezius (contralateral) Supraspinatus Rhomboideus Major Rhomboideus M inor Pectoralis Major Scalenus Temporalis Occipitofrontalis Latissimus Dorsi Quadratus Lumborum Serratus Posterior I nferior Serratus Posterior Superior
27
I nfraspinatus
Latissimus Dorsi
Teres Major Teres Minor Deltoideus (Anterior) Supraspinatus Biceps Brachii Latissimus Dorsi Su bsca pularis Pectoralis Major Teres Major Triceps Brachii (caput longum) Rectus Abdominus (UTP) Subscapularis I liocostalis Thoracis Serratus Anterior Serratus Posterior Inferior Serratus Posterior Superior Latissimus Dorsi Quadratus Lumborum Serratus Posterior I nferior Serratus Posterior Superior Latissimus Dorsi Scalenus Sternocleidomastoideus Scalenus Rhomboideus Major Rhomboideus Minor I liocostalis Thoracis Longissimus Thoracis Multifidus(neck) Levator Scapulae Trapezius Infraspinatus Pectoralis Major Pectoralis Minor
Multifidus(back)
Serratus Anterior Serratus Posterior Superior
Rhomboideus Minor
28
Iliocostalis Thoracis Latissimus Dorsi
Multifidus(back) Rhomboideus Major Serratus Anterior Serratus Posterior Superior Trapezius Rhomboideus Minor
Latissimus Dorsi Serratus Posterior Superior l Iiosostalis Thoracis Serratus Anterior Serratus Posterior Superior Latissimus Dorsi Serratus Posterior Superior I nfraspinatus Trapezius Latissimus Dorsi Scalenus Scalenus Rhomboideus Major I liocostalis Thoracis Rhomboideus Major Scalenus Trapezius (contralateral) Trapezius I nfraspinatus
Rhomboideus Minor
29
Back - Low-Thoracic
Rectus Abdominus (UTP) Iliocostalis Thoracis (UTP - T11) Serratus Posterior Inferior Latissimus Dorsi(UTP)
Serratus Anterior Trapezius (TP3)
Rectus Abdominus
Serratus Posterior I nferior Latissimus Dorsi
Obliquus Externus Abdominus Adductor Longus Adductor Brevis Adductor Magnus Gracilis Latissimus Dorsi Quadratus Lumborum Serratus Posterior I nferior Serratus Posterior Superior Iliocostalis Thoracis Longissimus Thoracis Teres Major Triceps Brach ii (caput longum) Rectus Abdominus (UTP) Subscapularis I liocostalis Thoracis Serratus Anterior Serratus Posterior I nferior Serratus Posterior Superior
I liocostalis Thoracis Latissimus Dorsi
Latissimus Dorsi Serratus Posterior I nferior I liocostalis Thoracis Rectus Abdominus Serratus Posterior I nferior
30
Back - Lumbar
Multifidus (back) (L2) Quadratus Lumborum (superficial) Longissimus Thoracis (UTP-L1) Gluteus Medius (med - lat TP) Rectus Abdominis (UTP) Iliocostalis Thoracis (UTP - T11) Iliopsoas Soleus (Iat UTP)
Serratus Posterior I nferior I liocostalis Lumborum Latissimus Dorsi (UTP) Longissimus Thoracis (UTP- T1 0)
Multifidus (back)
Quadratus Lumborum
Longissimus Thoracis
Gluteus Medius (med TP)
Rectus Abdominus
I liocostalis Thoracis
Latissimus Dorsi Quad ratus Lumborum Serratus Posterior Inferior Serratus Posterior Superior Quad ratus Lumborum (other side) I liopsoas I liocostalis Lumborum Obliquus Externus Abdominus Latissimus Dorsi Gl uteus Medius Gluteus Minimus Latissimus Dorsi Quad ratus Lumborum Serratus Posterior I nferior Serratus Posterior Superior Pi riformis Gl uteus Maximus Gluteus Minimus (Posterior) Tensor Fasciae Latae Obliquus Externus Abdominus Adductor Longus Adductor B revis Adductor Magnus Gracilis Latissimus Dorsi Quadratus Lumborum Serratus Posterior Inferior Serratus Posterior Superior
31
I l iopsoas
Soleus
Q uadratus Lumborum Rectus Abdominus Q uadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris Tensor Fascia Latae Pectineus Semitendinosus Semimembranosus Biceps Femoris Gluteus Maximus Gluteus Medius Gluteus Minimus Iliocostalis Thoracis Longissimus Thoracis I liocostalis Lumboru m Trapezius Splenius Cervicis Levator Scapulae Suboccipital Sternocleidomastoideus Multifidus (neck) Gastrocnemius Tibialis Posterior Flexor Hallucis Longus Flexor Digitorum Longus Gluteus Minimus Tibialis Anterior Extensor Digitorum Longus Extensor Hallucis Longus Peroneus Tertius
32
Quadratus Lumborum
I liopsoas
Iliopsoas Quadratus Lumborum (other side) Gluteus Medius Quadratus Lumborum Longissimus Thoracis Gluteus Medius Rectus Abdominis I liocostalis Thoracis
Quadratus Lumborum I liopsoas Multifidus (back) Longissimus Thoracis I liocostalis Thoracis

L----
I liocostalis Lumborum Latissimus Dorsi Iliocostalis Lumborum LonQissimus Thoracis Latissimus Dorsi Serratus Posterior I nferior Latissimus Dorsi Serratus Posterior I nferior Latissimus Dorsi Serratus Posterior I nferior
Remark
Eventually we can take the Hamstrings as a key for the low back pain in this region. In this book we didn't take them in the muscle chains.
33
Back - Sacral
Multifidus (back) (S1-S4) Rectus Abdominus (UTP) Piriformis Gluteus Medius (Iat TP - med TP) Gluteus Maximus (Iat UTP - med UTP) Soleus (Iat UTP) Quadratus Lumborum (deep) Coccygeus Sphincter Ani Levator Ani Longissimus Thoracis (UTP - L1) Iliopsoas
Q uadratus Lumborum (superficial) Iliocostalis Lumborum Longissimus Thoracis (UTP - T1 0-1 1 ) I liocostalis Thoracis (UTP - T1 1 )
Multifidus (back)
Rectus Abdominus
Piriformis
Gluteus Med ius
Gluteus Maximus
Latissimus Dorsi Quadratus Lumborum Serratus Posterior Inferior Serratus Posterior Superior Obliquus Externus Abdominus Adductor Longus Adductor Brevis Adductor Magnus Gracilis Gluteus Minimus (posterior part) Levator Ani Coccygeus Gluteus Maximus Piriformis Gluteus Maximus Gluteus Minimus (posterior part) Tensor Fascia latae Gluteus Medius (posterior part) Gluteus Minimis (posterior part) Biceps Femoris Semitendinosus Semimembranosus Longissimus Thoracis I liocostalis Thoracis I liocostalis Lumboru m I l iopsoas Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris
34
Soleus
Quadratus Lumborum
Gastrocnemius Tibialis Posterior Flexor Hallucis Longus Flexor Digitorum Longus Gluteus Minimus Tibialis Anterior Extensor Digitorum Longus Extensor Hallucis Longus Peroneus Tertius Quadratus Lumborum (other side) I liopsoas I liocostalis Lumborum Obliquus Externus Abdominus Latissimus Dorsi Gluteus Medius Gluteus Minimus
Coccygeus Sphincter An i Levator Ani Longissimus Thoracis
I liopsoas
Latissimus Dorsi Quadratus Lumborum Serratus Posterior Inferior Serratus Posterior Superior Quadratus Lumborum Rectus Abdominus Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris Tensor Fascia Latae Pectineus Semitendinosus Semimembranosus Biceps Femoris Gluteus Maximus Gluteus M edius Gluteus Minimus I liocostalis Thoracis Longissimus Thoracis I liocostalis Lumborum Trapezius Splenius Cervi cis Levator Scapulae Suboccipital Sternocleidomastoideus Multifidus (neck)
35
Gluteus Medius Piriformis
Gluteus Maximus Quadratus Lumborum I liopsoas
Gluteus Maximus Piriformis Levator Ani Coccygeus Gluteus Maximus Gluteus Medius Longissimus Thoracis I l iopsoas Quadratus Lumborum (contralateral) I liopsoas Gluteus Medius Quadratus Lumborum Recus Abdominus Gluteus Maximus Gluteus Medius Longissimus Thoracis
Gluteus Maximus
I liocostalis Thoracis Longissimus Thoracis Iliopsoas
36
Back SIJ
-
pain focus
referred pain
Multifidus (back) (S1) Rectus Abdominus (UTP) Gluteus Medius (med TP - lat TP) Quadratus Lumborum (deep) Soleus (Iat UTP) Iliopsoas Longissimus Thoracis (UTP)
I liocostalis Lumborum Longissimus Thoracis (UTP) Quadratus Lumborum (superficial)
Multifidus (back)
Rectus Abdominus
Gluteus Medius
Quadratus Lumborum
Soleus
Latissimus Dorsi Quadratus Lumborum Serratus Posterior Inferior Serratus Posterior Superior Obliquus Externus Abdominus Adductor Longu s Adductor Brevis Adductor Magnus Gracilis Piriformis Gluteus Maximus Gluteus Minimus (posterior part) Tensor Fasciae latae Quadratus Lumborum (other side) I liopsoas I liocostalis Lumborum Obliquus Externu s Abdominus Latissimus Dorsi Gluteus Medius Gluteus Minimus Gastrocnemius Tibialis Posterior Flexor Hallucis Longus Flexor Digitorum Longus Gluteus Minimus Tibialis Anterior Extensor Digitorum Longus Extensor Hallucis Longus Peroneus Tertius
37
I l iopsoas
Quadratus Lumborum Rectus Abdominus Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris Tensor Fascia Latae Pectineus Semitendinosus Semimembranosus B iceps Femoris Gluteus Maximus Gluteus Medius Gluteus Minimus I liocostalis Thoracis Longissimus Thoracis I l iocostalis Lumborum Trapezius Splenius Cervicis Levator Scapulae Su boccipital Sternocleidomastoideus M u ltifidus (neck) Latissimus Dorsi Quadratus Lumborum Serratus Posterior I nferior Serratus Posterior Superior
Quad ratus Lumborum Iliopsoas
Gluteus Medius Iliopsoas Quadratus Lumborum (contralateral) Rectus Abdominus Quadratus Lumborum Gluteus Medius LonQissimus Thoracis
I l i opsoas Quadratus Lumborum
Longissimus Thoracis i liocostalis Lumboru m Quadratus Lumborum (contralateral ) I liocostalis Lumborum
38
Back - Coccyx
Gluteus Maximus Gluteus Medius (Iat TP - med TP) Multifidus (S1 - S4) Obturatorius Internus Levator Ani Coccygeus Sphincter Ani
Gluteus Maximus Gluteus Medius Gluteus Minimus Biceps Femoris Semitendinosus Semimembranosus Longissimus Thoracis I liocostal is Thoracis I liocostalis Lumborum I l iopsoas Quad riceps Femoris Rectus Femoris Piriformis Gluteus Maximus Gluteus Minimus Tensor Fascia latae Pi riformis Gl uteus Maximus Gluteus Minimus Tensor Fascia latae Latissimus Dorsi Quadratus Lumborum Serratus Posterior I nferior Serratus Posterior Superior
Gluteus Medius
Gluteus Medius
Multifidus
Obturatorius I nternus Levator Ani Coccygeus Sphincter Ani
39
Shoulder - Anterior
Biceps Brachii Coracobrachialis Deltoideus (ant TP - mid TP) Infraspinatus (Iat TP - med TP) Pectoralis Minor Pectoralis Major (clavicular) Scalenus Supraspinatus
Brachialis Latissimus Dorsi Sternalis Subclavius Teres Major Subscapularis Pectoralis Major (sternal)
B iceps Brachii
Coracobrachialis
Deltoideus (anterior)
Brachialis Supinator Triceps Brachii Deltoideu s Supraspinatus Trapezius Coracobrachialis Deltoideus Biceps Brachii Supraspinatus Triceps Brachii I nfraspinatus Supraspinatus
anterior part:
Pectoralis Major (clavicular part) Biceps Brachii Deltoideus (posterior part) Teres Major Teres Minor Deltoideus Anterior Supraspinatus Biceps Brachii Latissimus Dorsi Subscapularis Pectoralis Major Pectoralis Major Deltoideus (anterior part) Scalenus Sternocleidomastoideus Sternalis
Infraspinatus
Pectoralis M inor
40
Pectoralis Major (clavicular & sternal)
Scalenus
Supraspinatus
Deltoideus (anterior part) Coracobrachialis Sternalis Sternocleidomastoideus Scalenus Serratus Anterior Rhomboideus Major Rhomboideus Minor Trapezius (middle part) Subscapularis Teres Minor Deltoideus (posterior part) Sternocleidomastoideus Trapezius (upper part) Splenius Capitis Pectoralis Major Pectoralis Minor Triceps Brachii (caput longum) Brachialis Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Extensor Digitorum (middle finger) Extensor Digitorum (ring finger) I nfraspinatus Trapezius (upper & middle part) Deltoideus Latissimus Dorsi
41
B iceps Brachii Coracobrachialis
Deltoideus
I nfraspinatus
Supraspinatus Scalenus Pectoralis Major Pectoralis Minor
Coracobrachialis Deltoideus (anterior) Supraspinatus Biceps Brachii Deltoideus (anterior) Supraspinatus Biceps Brachii I nfraspinatus Pectoralis Major (clavicular) Supraspinatus Biceps Brachii Deltoideus (anterior) Pectoralis Major (clavicular & sternal) Supraspinatus Deltoideus I nfraspinatus Pectoralis Major (clavicular & sternal) Pectoralis Minor Coracobrachialis Deltoideus (anterior) Scalenus Deltoideus (anterior) Pectoralis Major (clavicular & sternal) Scalenus
I nfraspinatus
Pectoralis Major Pectoralis Minor
Teres Major Latissimus Dorsi Subscapularis Pectoralis Major Sternalis Subscapularis Sternalis Pectoralis Major
42
Shou lder - Posterior

Deltoideus (post TP - mid TP) Serratus Posterior Superior Subscapularis Supraspinatus Teres Major Teres Minor Trapezius (TP 3 & TP 6) Triceps Brachii (caput longum) Infraspinatus (/at TP - med TP)
lIiocostalisThoracis Latissimus Dorsi Levator Scapulae Scalenus Biceps Brachii
Deltoideus (posterior)
Infraspinatus Supraspinatus
posterior part:
Triceps Brachii (caput longum) Latissimus Dorsi Teres Major Deltoideus (anterior part) Scalenus Rhomboideus Major Rhomboideus Minor Iliocostalis Thoracis Longissimus Thoracis Multifidus (neck) Teres Major Latissimus Dorsi Pectoralis Major I nfraspinatus Teres Minor Triceps Brachii (caput longum) Deltoideus (posterior) I nfraspinatus Trapezius (upper & middle part) Deltoideus Latissimus Dorsi Triceps Brachii (caput long u m ) Latissimus Dorsi Deltoideus (posterior) Teres Minor Su bscapularis
Serratus Posterior Superior
Subscapularis
Supraspinatus
Teres Major
43
Teres M inor
Trapezius (TP 3 & TP 6)
Triceps Brachii (caput longum)
I nfraspinatus
I nfraspinatus Latissimus Dorsi Deltoideus (posterior) Teres Major Subscapularis Supraspinatus Biceps Brachii Levator Scapulae Trapezius (contralateral) Supraspinatus Rhomboideus Major Rhomboideus Minor Pectoralis Major Scalenus Temporalis Occipitofrontalis Latissimus Dorsi Teres Major Teres Minor Anconeus Supinator Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Teres Major Teres Minor Deltoideus Anterior Supraspinatus Biceps Brachii Latissimus Dorsi Subscapularis Pectoralis Major
44
Trapezius Supraspinatus
Teres Major
Teres Minor
Subscapularis
Triceps Brachii Deltoideus
Supraspinatus Trapezius (contralateral) Deltoideus (posterior) Trapezius I nfraspinatus Deltoideus (posterior) Subscapularis Teres Minor Triceps Brachii (caput Longum) Deltoideus (posterior) Subscapularis Supraspinatus Teres Major Infraspinatus Deltoideus (posterior) Teres Major Teres Minor Triceps Brachii (caput longum) I nfraspinatus Teres Major Teres Minor Supraspinatus Teres Major Triceps Brachii (caput longum) I nfraspinatus
Serratus Posterior Superior Trapezius Teres Minor
Scalenus I liocostalis Thoracis Levator Scapulae Scalenus Biceps Brachii Latissimus Dorsi
45
Shou lder - Lateral

Coracobrachialis Supraspinatus Teres Major Deltoideus (middle part) Infraspinatus Subscapularis Serratus Posterior Superior Pectoralis Minor Pectoralis Major (clav) Scalenus
Deltoideus (posterior part) Deltoideus (anterior part) Scalenus Teres Minor Levator Scapulae (UTP) Latissimus Dorsi (UTP)
Coracobrachialis
Su praspinatus
Teres Major
Deltoideus (middle) I nfraspinatus
Subscapularis
Deltoideus Biceps Brachii Supraspinatus Triceps Brachii I nfraspinatus Trapezius (upper & middle part) Deltoideus Latissimus Dorsi Triceps Brachii (caput longum) Latissimus Dorsi Deltoideus (posterior) Teres Minor Subscapularis I nfraspinatus Supraspinatus Teres Major Teres Minor Deltoideus Supraspinatus B iceps Brachii Latissimus Dorsi Subscapularis Pectoralis Major Teres Major Latissimus Dorsi Pectoralis Major I nfraspinatus Teres Minor Triceps Brachi i (caput longum) Deltoideus (posterior)
46
Pectoralis M inor
Scalenus
Scalenus Rhomboideus Major Rhomboideus Minor Iliocostalis Thoracis Longissimus Thoracis Multifidus (neck) Deltoideus Coracobrachialis Sternalis Sternocleidomastoideus Scalenus Serratus Anterior Rhomboideus Major Rhomboideus Minor Trapezius (middle part) Subscapularis Teres Minor Pectoralis Major Deltoideus Scalenus Sternocleidomastoideus Sternalis Sternocleidomastoideus Trapezius (upper part) Splenius Capitis Pectoralis Major Pectoralis Minor Triceps Brach ii (caput longum) Brachialis Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Extensor Digitorum (middle finger) Extensor Digitorum (ring finger)
47
S u praspinatus Deltoideus Coracobrachialis Teres Major I nfraspinatus
Subscapularis
Pectoralis Minor
Scalenus
Deltoideus I nfraspinatus I nfraspinatus Supraspinatus Deltoideus Supraspinatus Deltoideus Subscapularis Teres Major Deltoideus Supraspinatus Subscapularis Pectoralis Major Teres Major Pectoralis Major I nfraspinatus Deltoideus Deltoideus Coracobrachialis Scalenus Subscapularis Pectoralis Major Deltoideus Scalenus Pectoralis Major Pectoralis Minor
Teres Major Su praspinatus I nfraspinatus Su bscapularis Pectoralis Major
Deltoideus Latissimus Dorsi Teres M inor Deltoideus Latissimus Dorsi Teres Minor Deltoideus Latissimus Dorsi Teres Minor Deltoideus Latissimus Dorsi Teres Minor Deltoideus
48
Upperarm - Anterior
Biceps Brachii Scalenus Subclavius Triceps Brachii (caput mediale)
Brachialis I nfraspinatus ( upper 2 TPs) Latissimus Dorsi Pectoralis Major (sternal & costal) Pectoralis Minor Serratus Anterior Serratus Posterior S u perior Sternalis Supraspinatus Deltoideus (ant - mid) Subscapu laris
Biceps Brachii
Scalenus
Brachialis Supinator Triceps Brachii Deltoideus Supraspinatus Trapezius Coracobrachialis Sternocleidomastoideus Trapezius (upper part) Splenius Capitis Pectoralis Major Pectoralis Minor Triceps Brachi i (caput longum) Brachialis Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Extensor Digitorum (middle finger) Extensor Digitorum (ring finger) Latissimus Dorsi Teres Major Teres M inor Anconeus Supinator Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus
Subclavius Triceps Brachii
49
Scalenus
Biceps Brachii
Brachialis Pectoralis Major Pectoralis Minor Triceps Brachii Brachialis Supraspinatus Triceps Brachii Deltoideus
50
Upperarm - Posterior
Coracobrachialis Scalenus Triceps Brachii (caput laterale) Supraspinatus
Deltoideus (ant - post) Latissimus Dorsi (UTP) Levator Scapulae (UTP) Serratus Posterior Superior Subscapularis Teres Minor Triceps Brachii (caput longum) I nfraspinatus (upper 2 Tps) Teres Major Deltoideus Biceps B rach ii Supraspinatus Triceps Brachi i Sternocleidomastoideus Trapeziu s (u pper part) Splenius Capitis Pectoralis Major Pectoralis Minor Triceps Brachii (caput longum) Brachialis Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Extensor Digitorum (middle finger) Extensor Digitorum (ring finger) Latissimus Dorsi Teres Major Teres Minor Anconeus Supinator Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus I nfraspinatus Trapezius (upper & middle part) Deltoideus Latissimus Dorsi
Coracobrachialis
Scalenus
Triceps Brachii
Supraspinatus
51
Coracobrachialis
Coracobrachialis Supraspinatus
Triceps Brachii
Deltoideus Triceps Brachii I nfraspinatus Deltoideus Latissimus Dorsi Latissimus Dorsi Teres Major Teres Minor
52
Upperarm - Lateral
Scalenus Teres Major Triceps Brachii (caput latera/e)
. I nfraspinatus Deltoideus Supraspinatus Teres Minor Triceps Brachii (caput longum) Levator Scapulae Sternocleidomastoideus Trapezius (upper part) Splenius Capitis Pectoralis Major Pectoralis Minor Triceps Brachii (caput longum) Brachialis Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Extensor Digitorum (middle finger) Extensor Digitoru m (ring finger) Triceps Brachii (caput longum) Latissimus Dorsi Deltoideus (posterior) Teres Minor Subscapularis Latissimus Dorsi Teres Major Teres M inor Anconeus Supinator Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus
Scalenus
Teres Major
Triceps Brachii (caput laterale)
Teres Major
Deltoideus Teres Minor Triceps Brachii
53
El bow - Epicondyl us Lateralis

Anconeus Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Digitorum (ring finger) Serratus Posterior Superior Supinator Supraspinatus Triceps Brachii (caput mediale & longum)
I nfraspinatus (upper 2 TPs) Subclavius Teres Major Deltoideus (anterior & posterior)
Anconeus
Brachioradialis
Extensor Carpi Rad ialis Longus Extensor Digitorum (ring finger)
Supinator
Triceps Brachii Supinator Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Extensor Digitorum (middle finger) Extensor Digitorum (ring finger) Supinator Triceps Brachii (caput longum & mediale) Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Scalenus Pectoralis Minor Supinator Brachioradialis Extensor Digitorum (middle finger) Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Carpi Ulnaris Scalenus Rhomboideus Major Rhomboideus Minor I liocostalis Thoracis Longissimus Thoracis Multifidus (neck) Triceps Brachii Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Anconeus Brachialis Biceps Brachii Palmaris LonQus
54
Supraspinatus
Triceps Brachii
Infraspinatus Trapezius (u pper & middle part ) Deltoideus Latissimus Dorsi Latissimus Dorsi Teres Major Teres Minor Anconeus Supinator Brachiorad ialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus
Triceps Brachii
Anconeus
Brachioradialis
Extensor Digitorum (ring finger) Supinator
Anconeus Brachiorad ialis Supinator Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Supinator Triceps Brachii Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Digitorum (ring finger) Supinator Triceps Brachii Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Supinator Anconeus Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Triceps Brachii
Supraspinatus
I nfraspinatus Deltoideus
55
El bow - E picondyl us Medialis

Triceps Brachii (caput mediale) Pectoralis Major (sternal part)
Pectoralis Minor Sternalis Serratus Anterior Serratus Posterior Superior Latissimus Dorsi Teres Major Teres Minor Anconeus Supinator Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Deltoideus (anterior part) Coracobrachialis Sternalis Sternocleidomastoideus Scalenus Serratus Anterior Rhomboidei Trapezius (middle part) Subscapularis Teres Minor Deltoideus (posterior part)
Triceps Brachii
Pectoralis Major
Pectoralis Major
Sternalis Serratus Anterior
56
El bow - Olecranon
Triceps Brachii (caput mediale & longum) Scalenus Latissimus Dorsi Serratus Posterior Superior Supraspinatus Supinator Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus
Triceps Brachii Latissimus Dorsi Teres Major Teres Minor Anconeus Supinator Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Scalenus Rhomboideus Major Rhomboideus Minor I liocostalis Thoracis Longissimus Thoracis Multifidus (neck) Triceps Brachi i Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Anconeus Brachialis Biceps Brachii Palmaris Longus I nfraspinatus Trapezius (upper & middle part ) Deltoideus Latissimus Dorsi Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Scalenus Pectoralis Minor
Supinator
Supraspinatus
Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus
Triceps Brachii Supi nator
Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Supinator Triceps Brachii Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus
57
.Elbow - Antecubital
p a i n focus referred pain
Biceps Brachii Supinator

Biceps Brachii
Brachialis I nfraspinatus Brachialis Supinator Triceps B rachii Deltoideus Supraspinatus Trapezius Coracobrachialis Triceps Brachii Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Anconeus Brachialis Biceps Brachii Palmaris Longus
Supinator
Biceps Brachii Supinator
Supinator Brachialis B rachialis Biceps Brachii
58
Forearm - Volar
pain focus
referred pain
Pectoralis Major (sternal)
Subclavius Flexor Carpi Radialis Flexor Carpi Ulnaris I nfraspinatus Latissimus Dorsi Palmaris Longus Pectoralis Major Pectoralis M inor Pronator Teres Scalenus Serratus Anterior Serratus Posterior Superior Supraspinatus Triceps Brachi i (caput mediale) Brachioradialis Deltoideus (anterior part) Coracobrachialis Sternalis Sternocleidomastoideus Scalenus Serratus Anterior Rhomboidei Trapezius (middle part) Subscapularis Teres Minor Deltoideus (posterior part)
Pectoralis Major
59
Forearm - Dorsal
Coracobrachialis Subclavius
Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Digitorum (middle finger) Extensor Digitorum (ring finger) I nfraspinatus Latissimus Dorsi Levator Scapulae Scalenus Serratus Posterior Superior Supraspinatus Teres Major Triceps Brachii Deltoideus Biceps Brachii Su praspinatus Triceps Brachii
Coracobrachialis
Subclavius
Coracobrachialis
60
Forearm-Rad ial
Subclavius
Brachioradialis Infraspinatus Scalenus Supraspinatus Triceps Brachii Pronator Teres Flexor Carpi Radialis
I Subclavius
61
Forearm - Ulnar
Pectoralis Major (sternal)
Teres Major Triceps Brachii Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Serratus Anterior Pectoralis Major Pectoralis Minor Latissimus Dorsi Levator Scapulae Serratus Posterior Superior Palmaris Longus Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Extensor Digitorum (rinQ finQer) Deltoideus (anterior part) Coracobrachialis Sternalis Sternocleidomastoideus Scalenus Serratus Anterior Rhomboidei Trapezius (middle part) Subscapularis Teres Minor Deltoideus (posterior part)
Pectoralis Major
62
Hand Dorsal side & Wrist

Brachialis Brachioradialis Coracobrachialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Extensor Carpi Ulnaris Extensor Indicis Scalenus Serratus Posterior Superior Subscapularis Supinator
Extensor Digitorum (ring finger) Extensor Digitorum (middle finger) Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Latissimus Dorsi (UTP) Levator Scapulae (UTP) Scalenus Subclavius Supraspinatus Infraspinatus (upper 2 TPs) Triceps Brachii (caput longum) Interosseus Dorsalis 1 Abductor Digiti Minimi
Brachialis
Brachioradialis
Coracobrachialis
Extensor Carpi Rad ialis Brevis
Scalenus
Biceps Brachii Brach ioradialis Supinator Adductor Pollicis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Extensor Digitorum (middle finger) Extensor Digitorum (ring finger) Supinator Triceps B rachii Deltoideus Biceps Brachi i Supraspinatus Triceps B rachii Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Scalenus Pectoralis Minor Sternocleidomastoideus Trapezius (upper part) Splenius Capitis Pectoralis Major Pectoralis M inor Triceps Brachii (caput longum) Brachialis Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Extensor Digitorum (middle finger) Extensor Digitorum (ring finger)
63
Supinator
Extensor Car pi Ulnaris Extensor I ndicis
Subscapularis
Scalenus Rhomboideus Major Rhomboideus Minor Iliocostalis Thoracis Longissimus Thoracis Multifidus (neck) Triceps Brachii Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Anconeus Brachialis B iceps Brachii Palmaris Longus Extensor Digitorum (ring finger) Supinator Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Carpi Ulnaris Deltoideus(posterior) Teres Major Teres Minor Triceps Brachii(caput longum ) Latissimus Dorsi Pectoralis Major I nfraspinatus
64
Brachialis Brachioradialis Supinator Extensor I ndicis Scalenus
Brachioradialis Supinator Extensor Carpi Supinator Brachialis Extensor Carpi Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Supinator Brachialis Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi
Rad ialis Brevis
Rad ialis Brevis Ulnaris
Radialis Brevis
Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Rad ialis Brevis Subscapularis
Supinator Scalenus
Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Digitorum (ring finger) Extensor Diqitorum (middle finger) Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Scalenus Latissimus Dorsi I nfraspinatus Triceps Brachii Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Triceps Brachii Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Triceps Brachii
65
Hand - Wrist - Radial

Brachialis Flexor Carpi Radialis Pronator Teres Supinator Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Extensor Indicis Opponens Pollicis Coracobrachialis Subscapularis Scalenus Adductor Pollicis
Flexor Pollicis Longus I nfraspinatus I nterosseus Dorsalis 1 & 2 Extensor Digitorum (middle finger) Triceps Brachii (caput longum) Subclavius Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Supraspinatus
Brachialis
Flexor Carpi Radialis
Pronator Teres
Supinator
Brachioradialis
Extensor Carpi Rad ialis Brevis
Biceps Brachii Brachiorad ialis Supinator Adductor Pollicis Flexor Digitorum Superficialis & Profu ndus Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Flexor Pollicis Longus Flexor Carpi Radialis Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Flexor Digitorum Superficialis & Profundus Flexor Pollicis Longus Triceps Brachi i Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Anconeus Brachialis Biceps Brachii Palmaris Longus Extensor Carpi Rad ialis Brevis Extensor Digitorum (middle finger) Extensor Digitorum (ring finger) Supinator Triceps Brachii Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Scalenus Pectoralis Minor
66
Extensor Ind icis
Opponens Pollicis Coracobrachialis
Subscapularis
Scalenus
Adductor Pollicis
Supinator Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Carpi Ulnaris I nterosseu s Dorsalis 1 & 2 Adductor Pollicis Deltoideus Biceps Brachii Supraspinatus Triceps Brachi i Deltoideus(posterior) Teres Major Teres Minor Triceps Brachii(caput longum) Latissimus Dorsi Pectoralis Major Infraspinatus Sternocleidomastoideus Trapezius ( upper part) Splenius Capitis Pectoralis Major Pectoralis Minor Triceps Brachi i (caput longu m) Brachialis Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Extensor Digitorum (middle finger) Extensor DiQitorum (rinQ finQer) Interosseus Dorsalis 1 & 2 Opponens Pollicis Flexor Pollicis Brevis Abductor Pollicis Brevis
67
Brachialis
Supinator Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Indicis Scalenus
Brachioradialis Supinator Adductor Pollicis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Brachialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Supinator Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Scalenus Supinator Brachioradialis Brachialis Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis
Flexor Carpi Radialis Pronator Teres Brachioradialis Opponens Pollicis Subscapularis Scalenus
Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Coracobrachialis
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis Flexor Pollicis Longus Flexor Carpi Radialis Flexor Pollicis Longus Flexor Digitorum Superficialis Triceps Brachii Extensor Digitorum (middle finger) I nterosseus Dorsalis 1 & 2 Adductor Pollicis Triceps Brachii(caput longum) I nfraspinatus Triceps Brachii (caput longum) Extensor Digitorum (middle finger) Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Scalenus Supraspinatus Triceps Brachii
68
Hand Volar side & Wrist

Adductor Pollicis Brachialis Flexor Carpi Radialis Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Opponens Pollicis Palmaris Longus Pronator Teres Serratus Posterior Superior
Extensor Digitorum ( m iddle finger) Flexor Digitorum Superficialis & Profundus I nfraspinatus I nterosseus Dorsalis 1 & 2 (fingers) Latissimus Dorsi Pectoralis Minor Pectoralis Major (sternal) Serratus Anterior Subclavius Subscapularis F lexor Pollicis Longus Scalenus
Brachia lis
Adductor Pollicis
Flexor Carpi U l naris
Opponens Poll icis Palmaris Longus
Pronator Teres
Biceps Brachii Brachioradialis Supi nator Adductor Pollicis I nterosseus Dorsalis 1 & 2 Opponens Pollicis Flexor Pollicis Brevis Abductor Poll icis Brevis Flexor Digitorum Su perficialis Profu ndus Flexor Carpi Ul naris Flexor Pollicis Longus Flexor Digitorum Su perficialis Profu ndus Flexor Carpi Radialis Flexor Pollicis Longus I nterosseus Dorsalis 1 & 2 Abd uctor Digiti M i n i m i Flexor Pollicis Longus Flexor Digitorum Su perficialis Profu ndus Flexor Carpi Radialis Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Flexor Carpi Radialis Flexor Carpi Ul naris Flexor Digitorum Su perficialis Profundus Flexor Pollici" Longus
&
&
&
&
69
Scalenus Rhomboideus Major Rhom boideus Minor I l i ocostalis Thoracis Longissimus Thoracis Multifidus (neck)
Pronator Teres Palmaris Longus
Flexor Flexor Flexor Flexor
Carpi Carpi Carpi Carpi
Radialis Ulnaris Radialis Ulnaris
Flexor Carpi Ul naris
Palmaris Longus
Pronator Teres
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Flexor Digitorum Superficialis Profundus Flexor Digitorum Superficialis Profundus Flexor Carpi Radia lis Flexor Pollicis Longus Flexor Digitoru m Superficia lis Profu ndus Flexor Digitorum Superficialis Profu ndus Flexor Pollicis Longus
& &
& &
70
Hand - Wrist - U l na r
Extensor Carpi Ulnaris Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Serratus Posterior Superior Scalenus Subscapularis
Extensor Digitorum (ring finger) Flexor Dig itorum Superficialis I nterosseus Dorsalis 1 & 2 Abductor Dig iti Mini m i Levator Scapulae ( UTP) Latissim us Dorsi Serratus Anterior Pectoralis M i nor Pectoralis Major ( sternal ) Triceps Brach i i Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Extensor Digitorum (ring finger) Flexor Dig itorum Su perficialis & Profundus Flexor Carpi Radia lis Flexor Pollicis Longus Scalenus Rhomboideus Major Rhomboideus M i nor I l iocostalis Thoracis Longissimus Thoracis Multifidus (neck) Sternocleidomastoideus Trapezius ( upper part) Splenius Capitis Pectora lis Major Pectora lis M i nor Triceps Brachii (caput longum) Brachialis Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Extensor Dig itorum ( m iddle finger) Extensor Digitorum (ring fi nger) Deltoideus (posterior) Teres Major Teres M i nor Triceps Brachii (caput longum) Latissi mus Dorsi Pectoralis Major I nfraspi natus
Extensor Carpi Ul naris Flexor Carpi Ul naris
Serratus Posterior Su perior
Scalenus
Subscapu laris
71
Subscapularis Scalenus
Latissimus Dorsi Pectoralis Major Triceps Brachii Triceps Brachii Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Pectoralis Minor Extensor Digitorum (ring finger)
72
F i ngers - Dorsal
Abductor Digiti Minimi (little finger) Brachialis (thumb) Extensor Digitorum (middle finger) Extensor Digitorum (ring finger) Interosseus Dorsalis 1 & 2 (thumb, index, middle finger) Scalenus (thumb & index) Serratus Posterior Superior (little finger)
Adductor Pollicis (thumb) Extensor Indicis ( index) Latissimus Dorsi (little finger, ring finger) Subclavius (thumb, i ndex, middle finger) Triceps Brachii (caput laterale) (ring finger) Scalenus (all fingers) I nterosseus Dorsalis 1 & 2 (little finger) Coracobrachialis (middle finger) Levator Scapulae (little finger, ring finger) I nfraspinatus
Abductor Digiti Minimi Brachialis
Extensor Digitorum (middle finger)
Extensor Digitorum (ring finger)
Interosseus Dorsalis 1 & 2
Biceps Brachi i Brachiorad ialis Supinator Adductor Pollicis Supinator Brachioradialis Extensor Digitorum (ring finger) Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Carpi Ulnaris Supinator Brachioradialis Extensor Digitorum (middle finger) Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Carpi Ulnaris Latissimus Dorsi Pectoralis M inor Pectoralis Major Scalenus Triceps Brachii Flexor Carpi Radialis Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Flexor Digitorum Superficialis & Profundus Flexor Pollicis Longus Extensor Carpi Rad ialis Brevis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Carpi Ulnaris Extensor Digitorum (middle finger) Extensor Digitorum (ring finger) Extensor I ndicis
73
Scalenus
Sternocleidomastoideus Trapezius Splenius Capitis Pectoralis Major Pectoralis Minor Triceps Brachii Brachialis Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Extensor Digitorum (middle finger) Extensor Digitorum (ring finger) Scalenus Rhomboideus Major Rhomboideus Minor I liocostalis Thoracis Longissimus Thoracis Multifidus (neck)
Interosseus Dorsalis 1 & 2
Scalenus Extensor Digitorum (middle finger) Extensor Digitorum (ring finger)
I nterosseus Dorsalis 1 & 2
Latissimus Dorsi Triceps Brachii Flexor Pollicis Longus Extensor I ndicis
74
F i ngers Volar
-
pain focus
referred pain
Flexor Pollicis Longus (thumb) Flexor Digitorum Superficialis & Profundus (little finger, ring finger, middle finger) Opponens Pollicis (thumb) Serratus Posterior Superior
Subclaviu s (thumb, index, middle finger) I nfraspinatus (index, m iddle finger) Adductor Pollicis (thumb) Serratus Anterior (little finger, ring finger) Pectoralis Major (sternal) (little finger, ring finger, middle finger) Pectoralis Minor (little finger, ring finger, middle finger) Triceps Brachii (caput mediale) (little finger, ring finger) Latissimus Dorsi (little finger, ring finger) Interosseus Dorsalis 1
Flexor Pollicis Longus Flexor Digitorum Superficialis & Profundus Opponens Pollicis (thumb) Serratus Posterior Superior
Flexor Carpi Radialis Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Flexor Pollicis Lonqus Adductor Pollicis I nterosseus Dorsalis 1 I nterosseus Dorsalis 2 Scalenus Rhomboideus Major Rhomboideus Minor I liocostalis Thoracis Longissimus Thoracis Multifid us (neck)
Opponens Pollicis (thumb)
Adductor Pollicis I nterosseus Dorsalis 1
75
Chest - Front
Pectoralis Ma jor (sternal, costal) Pectoralis Minor Sternalis Subclavius Scalenus Serratus Anterior
Pectoralis Major
I liocostalis Thoracis (UTP) Obliquus Externus Abdom inis Platysma Serratus Posterior Superior Sternocleidomastoideus Pectoralis Major (clavicular) Deltoideus Coracobrachialis Sternalis Sternocleidomastoideus Sca lenus Serratus Anterior Rhom boideus Major Rhom boideus Mi nor Trapezius ( m iddle part) Subscapularis Teres Minor Pectora lis Major Deltoideus (anterior part) Scalenus Sternocleidomastoideus Sternalis Sternocleidomastoideus Pectoralis Major Sternocleidomastoideus Trapezius ( u pper part) Splenius Capitis Pectoralis Major Pectoralis Mi nor Triceps Brachii (caput long um) Brachialis Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Rad ialis Longus Extensor Carpi Rad ialis Brevis Extensor Digitorum ( m iddle finger) Extensor Digitorum (ring finger) Latissimus Dorsi Scalenus Sternocleidomastoideus
Pectora lis Minor
Sternalis Subclavius Sca lenus
Serratus Anterior
76
Pectoralis Minor
Pectoralis Major Scalenus
Pectoralis Major Sternalis Scalenus Scalenus Sternalis Pectoralis Major Pectoralis Minor
Serratus Anterior Pectoralis Minor Sternalis Scalenus
Sternocleidomastoideus Scalenus Sternocleidomastoideus Pectoralis Major Sternocleidomastoideus Pectoralis Major Sternocleidomastoideus Pectoralis Major
77
Chest - Side
Serratus Anterior
Serratus Anterior
Latissimus Dorsi Latissimus Dorsi Scalenus Sternocleidomastoideus
78
Abdomen
Rectus Abdominis (Mc Burney) Obliquus Externus Abdominis Iliocostalis Thoracis (UTP) Pyramidalis
M ultifidus ( back) ( L2, S 1 ) Obliquus Externus Abdominis Quadratus Lumborum (superficial part) Pectineus Latissimus Dorsi Adductor Magnus I liopsoas Obliquus Externus Abdom inus Add uctor Longus Adductor Brevis Adductor Magnus Gracilis Rectus Abdominis Add uctor Longus Adductor Brevis Adductor Magnus Gracilis Pectineus Latissimus Dorsi Quadratus Lu mborum Serratus Posterior Superior Serratus Posterior I nferior
Rectus Abdom inis
Obliquus Extern us Abdominis
I liocostalis Thoracis
Pyramidalis
Rectus Abdominis Obliquus Externus Abdominis
Obliquus Externus Abdominis Adductor Magnus Rectus Abdo minis Adductor Magnus
79
Buttock
Gluteus Medius (med TP & mid TP) Quadratus Lumborum Gluteus Maximus Iliocostalis Lumborum Longissimus Thoracis (UTP) Semimembranosus Semitendinosus Piriformis (lat. TP) Gluteus Minimus Multifidus (back) (S4) Obturatorius Internus Levator Ani Sphincter Ani Coccygeus
I l iopsoas Multifidus ( back) (S1 )
Gl uteus Medius
Quadratus Lumborum
G l uteus Maximus
I l iocosta lis Lumborum
Piriformis Gl uteus Maximus Gl uteus Minimus Tensor Fascia latae Quadratus Lu mborum (other side) I l i opsoas I l i ocostalis Lu mborum Obliquus Externus Abdominus Latissimus Dorsi Gl uteus Medius Gluteus M i n i mus Gluteus Medius Gluteus M i n i mi s Biceps Femoris Semitendi nosus Sem i membranosus Longissimus Thoracis I l i ocostalis Thoracis I liocostalis Lumborum I l iopsoas Quad riceps Femoris Rectus Femoris - Latissimus Dorsi Quadratus Lumborum Serratus Posterior I nferior Serratus Posterior Superior
80
Sem imembranosus
Semitendi nosus
Piriformis
Gluteus Minimus
Multifidus ( back)
Latissimus Dorsi Quadratus Lumborum Serratus Posterior I nferior Serratus Posterior Superior Adductor Magnus . Quad riceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Quad riceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Quad riceps Femoris Vastus I ntermedius Quad riceps Femoris Rectus Femoris Gastrocnemius Semitendinosus Biceps Femoris I l i opsoas Quadratus Lumborum Rectus Abdominis I l i ocostalis Thoracis I l i ocostalis Lumboru m Longissimus Thoracis Multifidus Add uctor Magnus Quad riceps Femoris Vastus Latera lis Quad riceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Quad riceps Femoris Vastus I ntermedius Quad riceps Femoris Rectus Femoris Gastrocnemius Semimembranosus Biceps Femoris I l i opsoas Quadratus Lumborum Rectus Abdominis I l i ocostalis Thoracis I l i ocostalis Lu mborum Longissimus Thoracis Multifidus Gluteus M i n imus (posterior part) Levator Ani Coccygeus Gl uteus Maximus Pi riformis Gl uteus Maxi mus Gl uteus Medius Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Peroneus Longus Quadratus Lumborum Tensor Fasciae Latae Latissimus Dorsi Quadratus Lu mborum Serratus Posterior I nferior Serratus Posterior Superior
Obturatorius I ntern us Sphincter Ani
81
Levator Ani Coccygeus
Gl uteus Medius
Q uadratus Lum borum
Gluteus Maximus
Semitendinosus
Semimem bra nosus
Piriform is
Gl uteus M i n i mus
Pi riformis Gl uteus Maximus Gl uteus M i n i m us Tensor Fascia latae Quadratus Lumborum (other side) I l i ocostalis Lumborum Gluteus Medius Gluteus M i nimus Gluteus Medius Gluteus Minimis Semitendi nosus Sem i mem branosus Longissimus Thoracis I liocostalis Lu mborum Sem i membranosus Q uadratus Lu mborum I l i ocostalis Lu mborum Longissimus Thoracis Multifidus Semitend i nosus Quadratus Lumborum I l i ocostalis Lumborum Longissimus Thoracis M u ltifidus Gluteus Minimus (posterior part) Levator An i Coccygeus Gluteus Maxi mus Pi riformis Gl uteus Maxi mus Gl uteus Medius Quadratus Lu mborum
Sem itendinosus Semimem branosus
I l i opsoas M ultifidus I l i opsoas Multifidus
82
G ro i n
Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Adductor Magnus (UTP) Pectineus Obliquus Externus Abdominus (UTPs)
Adductor Brevis
. I liopsoas Piriformis Quadratus Lu mborum Rectus Abdomi nus Q uadriceps Femoris Vastus I ntermedius Adductor Longus Adductor Magnus Pectineus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Adductor Brevis Adductor Magnus Pectineus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Pectineus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Adductor Longus Adductor Brevis Adductor Magnus Gracilis I l i opsoas Rectus Abdominus Addutor Brevis Adductor Longus Adductor Magnus Gracilis Pectineus
Adductor Longus
Add uctor Mag nus
Pecti neus
Obliquus Externus Abdominus
83
Pectineus Adductor Brevis Add u ctor Longus
Adductor Magnus
Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Adductor Magnus Pectineus Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Adductor Magnus Adductor Longus Adductor Magnus Pectineus Adductor Brevis Adductor Magnus Pectineus Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Pectineus
84
H i p - Anterior
Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Adductor Magnus (UTP) Pectineus Obliquus Externus Abdominus (UTPs) Iliopsoas (UTP) Sartorius (UTP)
Add uctor Brevis
Quadratus Lum borum Quadriceps Vastus I ntermed ius Rectus Abdominus
Adductor Longus
Add uctor Mag nus
Pectineus
I liopsoas
Adductor Longus Adductor Magnus Pecti neus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Adductor Brevis Adductor Magnus Pecti neus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Pecti neus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Adductor Longus Adductor Brevis Adductor Magnus Gracilis I l i opsoas Rectus Abdominus Addutor Brevis Adductor Longus Adductor Magnus Gracilis Pectineus Quadratus Lumborum Rectus Abdominus Quad riceps Femoris Rectus Tensor Fascia Latae Pectineus Semitendinosus Semimem bra nosus Biceps Femoris Gluteus Maximus Gluteus Medius Gluteus M i n i mus I l i ocostalis Thoracis
Medialis
Medialis
Medialis
Femoris
85
Sartorius
Long issimus Thoracis I liocostalis Lumborum Trapezius Splen ius Cervi cis Levator Scapulae Suboccipital Sternocleidomastoideus Multifidus (neck) Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Add uctor Magnus Gracilis Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Med ialis Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris
Pecti neus
Add uctor Brevis
Adductor Longus
Adductor Magnus
Sartorius
Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Adductor Magnus Pectineus Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Adductor Magnus I l i opsoas Adductor Longus Adductor Magnus Pectineus Adductor Brevis Adductor Magnus Pectineus Adductor Longus Adductor Brevis Pectineus Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Add uctor Magnus
I liopsoas
Quadratus Lumborum Rectus Abdominus
86
Hip
pain focus
Lateral
referred pain
Gluteus Maximus (Iat UTP) Gluteus Medius (mid TP) Piriformis (Iat TP) Quadratus Lumborum (superficial) Tensor Fascia Latae Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis (TP3, 4,5) Gluteus Minimus (ant)
Gluteus Maxi mus
Gluteus M i n i mus ( post) I liocostalis Lum borum Gl uteus Medius (med TP) Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateral i s (TP2)
Gl uteL's Med ius
Pi riformis
Quadratus Lu mborum
Tensor Fascia Latae
Gluteus Minimus
Gl uteus Med ius Gluteus M i n i m i s Biceps Femoris Semitendinosus Semimembranosus Longissi m us Thoracis I l i ocostalis Thoracis I l i ocostalis Lumborum I l iopsoas Q uadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris Piriform is Gluteus Maxi mus Gl uteus M i n imus Tensor Fascia Latae Gluteus M i n i mus Levator Ani Coccygeus Gl uteus Maximus Quadratus lumborum (other side) I l iopsoas I l i ocostalis Lumborum Obliquus Externus Abdominis Latissimus Dorsi Gl uteus Med i us Gluteus M i n i m us Gluteus Minimus Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris I l i opsoas Sartorius Piriform is Gl uteus Maxi mus Gluteus Med ius Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Peroneus Longus Quadratus Lumborum Tensor Fasciae Latae
87
Quadratus Lumborum Gluteus Medius Gluteus Minimus
Gluteus Medius Quadratus Lumborum (other side) Piriformis Gluteus Maximus Tensor Fascia Latae Piriformis Gluteus Maximus Gluteus Medius Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Quadratus Lumborum Tensor Fasciae Latae
Quadratus Lumboru m Gluteus Maximus
I l iocostalis Lumborum Gluteus Minimus Gluteus Medius Gluteus Medius Gluteus Minimis I l iocostalis Lumborum
88
Th i g h - Med ial
Adductor Magnus (UTP) Gracilis Sartorius (UTPs) Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis (UTP)
Adductor Magnus
Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis ( UTP)
Gracilis Sartorius
Quad riceps Femoris Vastus Medialis
Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Pectineus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Sartori us Add uctor Brevis Add uctor Longus Adductor Magnus Gracilis Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Quadriceps Femoris Rectus I l iopsoas Quad riceps Femoris Rectus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Sartorius
Medialis
Medialis Femoris Femoris Lateralis I ntermed i us
Sartorius
Adductor Magnus Gracilis Quad riceps Femoris Vastus Medialis

Adductor Mag nus
Sartori us
Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Quadri ceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis
89
Th i g h - Anterior
Adductor Magnus (UTP) Iliopsoas (UTP) Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Intermedius Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis (UTP) Sartorius (UTPs)
Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis ( UTP) Tensor Fascia Latae Pectineus
Adductor Magnus
I l i opsoas
Quad riceps Femoris Vastus I ntermed ius
Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Pectineus Quad riceps Vastus Med ialis Quadratus Lumborum Rectus Abdom inus Quad riceps Femoris Rectus Tensor Fascia Latae Pecti neus Semitend i nosus Semi membranosus Biceps Femoris Gl uteus Maxi mus Gl uteus Med ius Gl uteus M i n i mus I l i ocostalis Thoracis Longissimus Thoracis I l i ocosta lis Lumborum Trapezius Splenius Cervicis Levator Scapulae Su boccipital Sternocleidomastoideus Multifidus (neck) I liopsoas Quad riceps Femoris Vastus Quad riceps Femoris Vastus Quad riceps Femoris Rectus Sartorius
Femo ..is
Lateralis Medialis Femoris
90
Sartorius
Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Med i a l is ( UTP)
Add uctor Brevis Add uctor Longus Add uctor Magnus Graci lis Quad riceps Femoris Quadriceps Femoris I l i opsoas Quadriceps Femoris Quadriceps Femoris Quad riceps Femoris Sartorius
Vastus Med i a l is Rectus Femoris Rectus Femoris Vastus Lateralis Vastus I ntermed ius
Quad riceps Femoris Vastus I ntermed ius
Sartorius
I liopsoas Sartorius Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Med i a l is Adductor Magnus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Med i a l is
Quad riceps Femoris Vastus I ntermed ius Sartorius
Adductor Magnus
Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Adductor Brevis Add uctor Longus Quad riceps Femoris Vastus Quad riceps Femoris Rectus Pecti neus Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus
Femoris Med ialis
Medialis Femoris
Med i a l is
91
Th i g h - Posterior
pain focus
referred pain
Gluteus Minimus (post TP) Semimembranosus Semitendinosus
Biceps Femoris Gastrocnem ius (med UTP) Gluteus Medius (mid TP) Gluteus Maximus (med UTP) M u ltifidus ( back) (S1 ) Obtu ratorius I nternus Piriformis Q uad riceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis (TP3)
Semi membranosus
Piriformis Gluteus Maximus Gluteus Medius Q uad riceps Femoris Vastus Peroneus Longus Quadratus Lumborum Tensor Fasciae Latae Adductor Magnus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Quad riceps Femoris Vastus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Gastrocnem ius Semitendinosus Biceps Femoris I l i opsoas Quadratus Lumborum Rectus Abdominis I l i ocostalis Thoracis 'I liocostalis Lumborum Long issimus Thoracis Multifidus
Lateralis
Latera lis Medialis I ntermed i us Femoris
92
Semitendinosus
Adductor Magnus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Quadriceps Femoris Vastus I ntermedius Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris Gastrocnemius Semimembranosus Biceps Femoris Iliopsoas Quadratus Lumboru m Rectus Abdominis I liocostalis Thoracis I liocostalis Lumborum Longissimus Thoracis Multifidus
Semitendinosus Semimembranosus
Biceps Femoris M ultifidus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis B iceps Femoris Mu ltifidus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis
93
Th i g h
pain focus
Lateral
referred pain
Gluteus Minimus (ant) Tensor Fasciae Latae Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis (TP1-TP2-TP4) Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Intermedius
Biceps Femoris Gluteus Medius (mid TP) Quad riceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis (TP3)
Tensor Fasciae Latae
Quad riceps Femoris Vastus Latera lis
Quadriceps Femoris Vastus I ntermed ius
Pi riformis Gl uteus Maxi mus Gl uteus Med ius Quad riceps Femoris Vastus Peroneus Longus Quadratus Lumborum Tensor Fasciae Latae Gluteus M i n imus Quadriceps Femoris Rectus I l i opsoas Sartorius I l i opsoas Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Sartorius Quad riceps Femoris Rectus Quad riceps Femoris Vastus Quad riceps Femoris Vastus I liopsoas Sartorius
Latera lis
Femoris
I ntermed ius Med ialis Femoris Femoris Medialis Lateralis
94
Knee - Posterior
Biceps Femoris Plantaris Popliteus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis (TP3) Gastrocnemius (UTP med - UTP lat)
. Gastrocnemius (UTP med) Gluteus M inimus (post) Semimembranosus Semitendinosus Soleus (UTP)
Biceps Femoris
Plantaris
Popliteus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis
Adductor Magnus Quad riceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Quadriceps Femoris Vastus I ntermedius Q uadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris Gastrocnemius Semimembranosus Semitendinosus I liopsoas Quadratus Lumborum Rectus Abdominis Iliocostalis Thoracis I liocostalis Lumborum Longissimus Thoracis Gastrocnemius Soleus Tibialis Posterior Flexor Hallucis Longus Flexor Digitorum Longus Gluteus Minimus Extensor Digitorum Longus Extensor Hallucis Longus Peroneus Tertius Gastrocnemius Plantaris I liopsoas Q uadriceps Femoris Vastus I ntermedius Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris Sartorius
95
Gastrocnemius
Soleus Semimembranosus Semitendinosus Biceps Femoris Tibialis Posterior Flexor Hallucis Longus Flexor Digitorum Longus Gluteus Minimus
Biceps Femoris Popliteus
Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Gastrocnemius Gastrocnemius Plantaris
B iceps Femoris Plantaris
Semimembranosus Semitendinosus Gastrocnemius Gluteus Minimus Soleus
96
Knee - Anterior
Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis (TP1-TP4)
Adductor Brevis
Sartorius Gracilis
Adductor Longus
Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris
Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis
Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis
Adductor Longus Adductor Magnus Pecti neus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Adductor Brevis Adductor Magnus Pectineus Quad riceps Femoris Vastus I l iopsoas Quad riceps Femoris Vastus Quad riceps Femoris Vastus Quad riceps Femoris Vastus Sartorius I l iopsoas Quad riceps Femoris Rectus Quad riceps Femoris Vastus Quad riceps Femoris Vastus Sartorius I liopsoas Quad riceps Femoris Vastus Quad riceps Femoris Vastus Quad riceps Femoris Rectus Sartorius
Medialis
Medialis Med ialis Lateralis I ntermed ius
Femoris Lateralis I ntermedius
I ntermed ius Medialis Femoris
97
Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis
Adductor Longus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Adductor Brevis Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis
98
Knee - Med ial

Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Gracilis Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris Sartorius I liopsoas Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Latera lis Quadriceps Femoris Vastus I ntermedius Sartorius
Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Med ialis
Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris Sartorius
99
Knee - Lateral
Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis (TP1 - TP2 - TP3 - TP4) Gluteus Minimus (ant)
Q uadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis
Add uctor Brevis Adductor Longus Q uad riceps Femoris Rectus Femoris B iceps Femoris I liopsoas Quad riceps Femoris Vastus Quad riceps Femoris Vastus Quad riceps Femoris Rectus Sartorius Piriformis Gluteus Maxi mus Gluteus Medius Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Peroneus Longus Quadratus Lu mborum Tensor Fasciae Latae
I ntermedius Medialis Femoris
Gl uteus Minimus
Lateralis
1 00
Leg - Anterior (shank)

Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Extensor Digitorum Longus Extensor Hallucis Longus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Tibialis Anterior
101
Leg - Posterior (calf)

pain focu s referred pain
Gluteus Minimus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis (TP3) Soleus) (UTP med) Tibialis Posterior Gastrocnemius (UTP lat - UTP med)
Biceps Femoris Flexor Digitorum Longus Gastrocnemius (UTP med) Piriformis Plantaris Popliteus Sem imem branosus Sem itendinosus Piriformis Gluteus Maximus Gl uteus Medius Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Peroneus Longus Quadratus Lumborum Tensor Fasciae Latae I liopsoas Quad riceps Femoris Vastus Quad riceps Femoris Vastus Quad riceps Femoris Rectus Sartorius Gastrocnem ius Tibialis Posterior Hall ucis Longus Flexor Digitorum Longus Gluteus Minimus Tibialis Anterior Extensor Digitorum Longus Extensor Hallucis Longus Peroneus Tertius Flexor Digitoru m Longus Flexor Hallucis Longus Peroneus Longus Peroneus Brevis Soleus Sem imembranosus Semitendi nosus Biceps Femoris Tibialis Posterior Flexor Hal lucis Longus Flexor Digitorum Longus Gl uteus M i n i mus
Gl uteus Mini m us
Latera lis
Quad riceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis
I ntermed i us Medialis Femoris
Soleus
Tibialis Posterior
Gastrocnem ius
1 02
Soleus
Gastrocnemius
Gluteus Minimus Tibialis Posterior Gastrocnemius Soleus Gluteus Minimus Tibialis Posterior
Soleus Gluteus Minimus Gastrocnemius
Flexor Digitorum Longus Gastrocnemius Piriformis Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Semimembranosus Semitendi nosus Biceps Femoris Flexor Digitorum Longus
1 03
Leg - Lateral
Gluteus Minimus (ant) Peroneus Tertius
Peroneus Brevis Peroneus Longus Quad riceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Piriform is Gluteus Maximus Gluteus Medius Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Peroneus Longus Quadratus Lumborum Tensor Fasciae Latae Peroneus Longus Peroneus Brevis Extensor Digitoru m Longus Tibialis Posterior Gastrocnemius Soleus Gluteus M i n imus
Gluteus Minimus
Peroneus Tertius
Gluteus M i n i m us Peroneus Tertius
Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis 'Peroneus Longus Peroneus Brevis Peroneus Longus
1 04
Leg - Med ial

Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Flexor Digitorum Longus
1 05
An kle - M a l leol us Extern us

Gluteus Minimus (ant) Peroneus Brevis Peroneus Longus

Q uad riceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Peroneus Tertius
Peroneus Brevis
Peroneus Longus
Piriformis Gl uteus Maximus Gl uteus Med i us Quad riceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Peroneus Longus Quadratus Lu mborum Tensor Fasciae Latae Peroneus Longus Peroneus Tertius Extensor Digitorum Longus Tibialis Posterior Gastrocnemius Soleus Gl uteus Minimus Peroneus Brevis Peroneus Tertius Extensor Digitorum Longus Tibialis Posterior Gastrocnem ius Soleus Gl uteus M i n i m u s
Peroneus Brevis Peroneus Longus
Peroneus Longus G luteus Minimus Peroneus Brevis Gl uteus M i n i mus
1 06
Ankle - M a l leol us I ntern us

pai n focus referred pain
Flexor Oigitorum Longus Abductor Hallucis
Add uctor Brevis Adductor Longus Tibialis Anterior Soleus Tibialis Posterior Extensor Digitoru m Longus Extensor Digitoru m Brevis Flexor Hallucis Longus Extensor Hallucis Longus Extensor Hallucis Brevis Flexor Digitoru m Brevis Flexor Hallucis Brevis I nterosseus Dorsalis 1 Quadratus Plantae Add uctor Hall ucis Flexor Hallucis Brevis Flexor Digitoru m Brevis I nterosseus Dorsalis 1
Flexor Digitorum Longus
Abductor Hal lucis
1 07
Foot - Plantar
pai n focus referred pain
Abductor Digiti Minimi (toes) Abductor Hallucis Flexor Digitorum Brevis Flexor Digitorum Longus Flexor Hallucis Brevis Flexor Hallucis Longus Gastrocnemius (UTP med) Quadratus Plantae Soleus (UTP med) Interossei Dorsalis 1 Adductor Hallucis
Piriformi s Tibialis Posterior
Abductor Digiti M i n i m i (toes) Abductor Hallucis
Quadratus Plantae Adductor Hallucis Flexor Hallucis Brevis Flexor Digitorum Brevis I nterosseus Dorsalis 1 Tibialis Posterior Extensor Digitoru m Longus Extensor Digitoru m Brevis Flexor Hallucis Longus Extensor Hallucis Longus Extensor Hallucis Brevis F lexor Digitorum Brevis F lexor Hallucis Brevis I nterosseus Dorsa lis 1 Tibialis Posterior Extensor Digitoru m Longus Extensor Digitoru m Brevis Flexor Digitorum Longus Extensor Hallucis Longus Extensor Haflucis Brevis F lexor Digitorum Brevis F lexor Hallucis Brevis I nterosseus Dorsalis 1
Flexor Digitoru m Brevis Flexor Digitoru m Longus
Flexor Hallucis Brevis Flexor Hallucis Longus
1 08
Gastrocnemius
Soleus Semitend inosus Semimem branosus Biceps Femoris Tibialis Posterior Flexor Hallucis Longus Flexor Digitoru m Longus Gl uteus M i n imus Gastrocnem i us Tibialis Posterior Hall ucis Longus Flexor Digitoru m Longus Gluteus M i n i mus Tibialis Anterior Extensor Digitoru m Longus Extensor Haliucis Longus Peroneus Tertius
Quadratus Plantae Soleus
I nterossei Dorsa lis 1 Add uctor Hallucis
Abductor Haliucis
Gastrocnem i us
Flexor Hall ucis Longus
Quadratus Plantae Flexor Haliucis Brevis Flexor Digitoru m Brevis I nterossei Dorsa lis 1 Adductor Haliucis Flexor Digitoru m Longus F lexor Haliucis Longus Soleus F lexor Digitoru m Brevis Flexor Haliucis Longus Flexor Haliucis Brevis I nterossei Dorsalis 1 Flexor Digitorum Brevis Flexor Digitorum Longus Flexor Haliucis Brevis I nterosseus Dorsalis 1
Soleus
Flexor Digitorum Longus Tibialis Posterior
1 09
Foot - Dorsal
Extensor Digitorum Brevis Extensor Digitorum Longus Extensor Hallucis Brevis Extensor Hallucis Longus Tibialis Anterior Interosseus Dorsalis 1 Flexor Hallucis Brevis
Exte nsor Digitorum Brevis Extensor Digitorum Longus
Peroneus Brevis Peroneus Longus Peroneus Tertius
Extensor Hallucis Brevis Extensor Hallucis Longus
Tibialis Anterior I nterosseus Dorsalis 1 Flexor Hallucis Brevis
Extensor Hallucis Brevis Extensor Digitorum Longus Extensor Hallucis Longus Tibialis Anterior Extensor Hal lucis Longus Peroneus Longus Peroneus Brevis Peroneus Tertius Extensor Digitorum Brevis Extensor Digitorum Longus Extensor Hallucis Longus Tibialis Anterior Extensor Digitorum Longus Peroneus Longus Peroneus Brevis Peroneus Tertius Peroneus Longus Extensor Digitorum Longus Extensor Hallucis Longus
110
Extensor Digitorum Brevis
Extensor Digitorum Longus Extensor Hallucis Brevis Extensor Hallucis Longus Tibialis Anterior
Extensor Hallucis Brevis Extensor Digitorum Longus Extensor Hallucis LonQus Tibialis Anterior Extenspr Hallucis LonQus Extensor Digitorum Brevis Extensor Digitorum Longus Extensor Hallucis Longus Tibialis Anterior Extensor Digitorum Longus Extensor Digitorum Longus Extensor Hallucis Longus
Extensor Digitorum Longus Extensor Hallucis Longus
Peroneus Longus Peroneus Brevis Peroneus Tertius Peroneus Longus Peroneus Brevis Peroneus Tertius
111
Chapter 5 Myofascial Muscle Chains per muscle
1 12
Abductor Digiti Minimi (fingers)
(CB-T1 )
Chains containing the Abductor Digiti M inimi (fingers) M uscle

associated muscles Palmaris Longus
113
(
Abductor Hallucis
(L5-S 1 )
C hains starting from the Abductor Hallucis

associated muscles Quadratus Plantae Adductor Hallucis Flexor Hallucis Brevis Flexor Digitorum Brevis I nterosseus Dorsalis 1
foot - plantar
Quadratus Plantae Flexor Hallucis Brevis Flexor Digitorum Brevis I nterossei Dorsalis 1 Adductor Hallucis
1 14
Adductor Brevis
(L2-L4)
Chains starting from the Adductor Brevis

associated muscles Add uctor Longus Adductor Magnus Pectineus Quad riceps Femoris Vastus Medialis
groin hip - anterior knee - anterior
Adductor Longus Adductor Magnus Pectineus Adductor Longus Adductor Magnus Pectineus Adductor Longus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis
Chains containing the Adductor B revis M uscle

associated muscles Add uctor Longus Adductor Magnus Pecti neus Sartorius Rectus Abdominis Obliquus Externus Abdominis
)
115
Adductor Longus Obliquus Externus Abdominus Pectineus
knee - anterior
groin Adductor Longus Adductor Magnus Obliquus Externus Abdominus Pectineus hip - anterior Adductor Longus Sartorius Adductor Magnus
Adductor Brevis Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Adductor Magnus Pectineus Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Adductor Maqnus Adductor Brevis Adductor Magnus Pectineus Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Pectineus Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Adductor Magnus Pectineus Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Adductor Magnus Iliopsoas Adductor Brevis Adductor Magnus Pectineus Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Adductor Maqnus Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Pectineus
116
Sartorius thigh - anterior Adductor Magnus
Adductor Magnus thigh - medial Sartorius
Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Pectineus Adductor Brevis Add uctor Longus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis
117
Adductor Hallucis
(51 -52)
C h ains containing the Adductor Hallucis M uscle

associated muscles Abductor Hallucis
Abductor Hallucis
foot - plantar
Adductor Hallucis Quadratus Plantae Flexor Hallucis Brevis Flexor Digitorum Brevis I nterossei Dorsalis 1
1 18
Adductor Longus
( L2-L4)
C hains starting from the Adductor Longus

associated muscles Adductor Brevis Adductor Magnus Pectineus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis
groin hip anterior

-
knee - anterior
Adductor Brevis Adductor Magnus Pectineus Adductor Brevis Adductor Magnus Pectineus Adductor Brevis Quad riceps Femoris Vastus Medialis
Chains containing the Adductor Longus M uscle

associated muscles Adductor Brevis Adductor Magnus Pectineus Sartorius Rectus Abdominis Obliquus Externus Abdominis
1 19
Obliquus Externus Abdominus Pectineus groin Adductor Brevis Adductor Magnus Obliquus Externus Abdominus Pectineus hip - anterior Adductor Brevis Sartorius Adductor Magnus Adductor Brevis knee - anterior
Adductor Longus Adductor Brevis Adductor Magnus Pectineus Adductor Longus Adductor Brevis Adductor Maqnus Adductor Longus Adductor Magnus Pectineus Adductor Longus Adductor Brevis Pectineus Adductor Longus Adductor Brevis Adductor Magnus Pectineus Adductor Longus Adductor Brevis Adductor Magnus I liopsoas Adductor Longus Adductor Magnus Pectineus Adductor Longus Adductor Brevis Adductor Magnus Adductor Longus Adductor Brevis Pectineus Adductor Longus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis
1 20
Sartorius thigh - anterior Adductor Magnus
Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Pectineus Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis
121
Adductor Magnus
(L2-S 1 )
C hains starting from the Adductor M agnus

associated muscles Adductor Brevis Add uctor Longus Pectineus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis
groin hip - anterior
Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Pectineus Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Pectineus
thigh - medial thigh - anterior
Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Pectineus
Chains containing the Adductor M agnus M uscle

associated muscles Add uctor longus Adductor Brevis Semimembranosus Semitendinosus Biceps Femoris Sartorius Rectus Abdominis Obliquus Externus Abdominis Pectineus
1 22
Obliquus Externus Abdominus Pectineus hip - anterior Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Sartorius Obliquus Externus Abdominus Pectineus groin Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Sartorius Sartorius thigh - anterior thigh - medial
Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Adductor Magnus Pectineus Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Adductor Magnus Iliopsoas Adductor Longus Adductor Magnus Pectineus Adductor Brevis Adductor Magnus Pectineus Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Adductor Magnus Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Adductor Magnus Pectineus Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Adductor Magnus Adductor Longus Adductor Magnus Pectineus Adductor Brevis Adductor Magnus Pectineus Adductor Magnus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Adductor Magnus Gracilis Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis
Rectus Abdominus abdomen Obliquus Externus Abdominus
Obliquus Externus Abdominis Adductor Magnus Rectus Abdominis Adductor Magnus
1 23
Adductor Pollicis
(C8-T1 )
Chains starting from the Adductor Pollicis

associated muscles Interosseus Dorsalis 1 Opponens Pollicis Flexor Pollicis Brevis Abductor Pollicis Brevis
C hains containing the Adductor Pollicis M uscle

associated muscles Brachialis
Brachialis
hand - wrist - radial
Brachioradialis Adductor Pollicis Supinator
Opponens Pollicis Opponens Pollicis
hand - wrist - radial fingers - volar
I nterosseus Dorsalis 1 Adductor Pollicis I nterosseus Dorsalis 1 Adductor Pollicis
1 24
Anconeus
(C7-C8)
Chains starting from the Anconeus

associated muscles Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Supinator Triceps Brachii
elbow - epicondylus lateralis
Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Supinator Triceps Brachii
Chains containing the Anconeus M u scle

associated muscles
Triceps Brachii elbow epicondylus lateralis Supinator
Anconeus Brachioradialis Supinator Extensor Carpi Radialis LonQus Anconeus Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Triceps Brachii
1 25
Biceps Brachii
(C5-C6)
C hains starting from the Biceps Brachii

associated muscles Brachialis Supinator Triceps Brachii Deltoideus Supraspinatus Trapezius Coracobrachialis
shoulder - anterior
Coracobrachialis Deltoideus (anterior) Supraspinatus
arm - anterior
elbow - antecubital
Brachialis Deltoideus Supraspinatus Triceps Brachii Supi nator Brachialis
1 26
Chains containing the Biceps Brachii M uscle

associated muscles Teres M inor I nfraspinatus Deltoideus Coracobrachialis Brachialis Supinator
Coracobrachialis
Deltoideus shoulder - anterior
I nfraspinatus
Biceps Brachii Deltoideus (anterior) Supraspinatus Biceps Brachii I nfraspinatus Pectoral is Major ( clavicular) Supraspinatus Biceps Brachii Deltoideus (anterior) Pectoralis Major (clavicular & sternal) Supraspinatus
Teres Minor Supinator
shoulder - posterior elbow - antecubital
Latissimus Dorsi Biceps Brachii Brachialis Biceps Brachii
1 27
Biceps Femoris
(L5-S2)
Chains starting from the Biceps Femoris

Biceps Femoris Adductor Magnus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Quadriceps Femoris Vastus I ntermedius Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris Gastrocnemius Semimembranosus Semitendinosus Iliopsoas Quadratus Lumboru m Rectus Abdominis Iliocostalis Thoracis Iliocostalis Lumborum Longissimus Thoracis
knee - posterior
Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Gastrocnemius
knee - posterior
Semimembranosus Semitendinosus
C hains containing the Biceps Femoris Muscle

associated muscles Semimembranosus Semitendinosus Gluteus Maximus Gastrocnemius
1 28
Semitendinosus thigh -posterior Semimembranosus
Gastrocnemius
leg - posterior (calf)
Biceps Femoris Multifidus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Biceps Femoris Multifidus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Semimembranosus Semitendinosus Biceps Femoris Flexor Digitorum Longus
1 29
Brachialis
(C5-C6)
Chains starting from the Brachialis

associated muscles Biceps Brachii Brachioradialis Supinator Adductor Pollicis
hand - dorsal side & wrist hand - wrist - radial
Brachioradialis Supinator Brachioradialis Supinator Adductor Pollicis
Chains containing the Brachialis Muscle

associated muscles Supinator Scalenus Biceps Brachii
Supinator hand - wrist - rad ial Scalenus
Supinator Scalenus hand - dorsal side & wrist
Extensor Carpi Brevis Brachialis Brachialis Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Brevis Brachialis Extensor Carpi Brevis Brachialis Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Brevis
Radialis
Rad ialis Radialis
Radialis
1 30
Biceps Brachi i Supinator Scalenus arm - anterior Biceps Brachi i elbow - antecubital
Supinator Brachialis Brachialis Biceps Brachii Brachialis Pectoralis Major Pectoralis Minor Triceps Brachii Brachialis Supraspinatus Triceps Brachii Deltoideus
131
Brachioradialis
(C5-C8)
C h ains starting from the Brachioradialis

associated muscles Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Extensor Digitorum (middle finger) Extensor Digitorum (ring finger) Supinator Triceps Brachii (caput longum & medial)
Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Digitorum (ring finger) Supinator Triceps Brachii Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Supinator Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Supinator
Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Digitorum (ring finger) Extensor Digitorum (middle finger) Triceps Brachii Extensor Digitorum (middle finger)
1 32
C h ains containing the Brachioradialis M u scle

associated muscles Triceps Brachii Scalenus Brachialis Anconeus Extensor I ndicis Extensor Digitorum (ring finger) Extensor DiQitorum (middle finQer)
Brachialis Extensor Indicis hand - wrist - radial Scalenus
Brachialis hand - dorsal side & wrist Extensor I ndicis
Triceps Brachii
Anconeus
elbow epicondylus lateralis
Extensor Digitorum (ring finger) Scalenus hand - dorsal side & wrist
Brachioradialis Supinator Adductor Pollicis Supinator Brach ioradialis Brachialis Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Brach ioradialis Supinator Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Ulnaris Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Supinator Anconeus Brachioradialis Supinator Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Supinator Triceos Brachii Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Supinator Brachialis Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Rad ialis Brevis
1 33
Coccygeus
(54-55)
Chains containing the Coccygeus M uscle

associated muscles Piriformis
Piriformis
buttock
Piriformis
back - sacral
Gluteus Minimus (posterior part) Levator Ani Coccygeus Gluteus Maximus Levator Ani Coccygeus Gluteus Maximus
1 34
Coracobrachialis
(C6-C7)
Chains starting from the Coracobrachialis

associated muscles Deltoideus Biceps Brachii Supraspinatus Triceps Brachii
shoulder - anterior shoulder - lateral arm - posterior

.
Biceps Brachii Deltoideus (anterior) Supraspinatus Deltoideus Supraspinatus Supraspinatus Triceps Brachii
arm - posterior forearm - dorsal hand - wrist - radial
Deltoideus Triceps Brachii Supraspinatus Triceps Brachii Supraspinatus Triceps Brachii
Chains containing the Coracobrachialis M uscle

associated muscles
1 35
Biceps Brachii shoulder - anterior Pectoralis Major Pectoralis Major shoulder - lateral
Coracobrachialis Deltoideus Supraspinatus Coracobrachialis Deltoideus Scalenus Coracobrachialis Deltoideus Scalenus Subscapularis
1 36
Deltoideus
(C4-C6)
Chains starting from the Deltoideus

associated muscles I nfraspinatus Supraspinatus
anterior part:
Pectoral is Major (clavicular part) Biceps Brachii Deltoideus (posterior part)

posterior part:
Triceps Brachii (caput longum) Latissimus Dorsi Teres Major Deltoideus (anterior part)
shoulder - anterior
shoulder - posterior shoulder - lateral
Biceps Brachii I nfraspinatus Pectoralis Major (clavicular) Supraspinatus Supraspinatus Teres Major Triceps Brachii (caput lonQum) I nfraspinatus Supraspinatus
Chains containing the Deltoideus M uscle

associated muscles Teres M inor Teres Major Supraspinatus Pectoralis Major Pectoralis M inor I nfraspinatus Coracobrachialis Biceps Brachii
1 37
Supraspinatus
Teres Major shoulder - posterior Teres Minor
Su bscapularis
Biceps Brachi i Coracobrachialis
I nfraspinatus Supraspinatus Pectoralis Major Pectoralis M inor Su praspinatus Coracobrachialis Teres Major shoulder - lateral shoulder - anterior
I nfraspinatus
Deltoideus (posterior) Trapezius Deltoideus (posterior) Subscapularis Teres Minor Triceps Brachi i (caput Lonqum) Deltoideus (posterior) Subscapularis Supraspinatus Teres Major Deltoideus (posterior) Teres Major Teres M inor Triceps Brachii (caput longum) Coracobrachialis Deltoideus (anterior) Supraspinatus Biceps Brachii Deltoideus (anterior) Supraspinatus Biceps Brachii Deltoideus (anterior) Pectoralis Major (clavicular & sternal) Supraspinatus Deltoideus Infraspinatus Coracobrachialis Deltoideus (anterior) Scalenus Deltoideus (anterior) Pectoralis Major (clavicular & sternal) Scalenus Deltoideus I nfraspinatus Deltoideus Supraspinatus Deltoideus Subscapularis Deltoideus Teres Major Supraspinatus Subscapularis Pectoralis Major
1 38
Subscapularis shoulder - lateral Pectoralis Major
Pectoralis Minor
Deltoideus Teres Major Pectoralis Major Infraspinatus Deltoideus Scalenus Subscapularis Coracobrachialis Deltoideus Scalenus Pectoralis Major
Teres Major Supraspinatus Infraspinatus Subscapularis Pectoralis Major Teres Major Coracobrachialis arm - posterior Supraspinatus Biceps Brachii Supraspinatus arm - anterior elbow epicondylus lateralis arm - lateral shoulder - lateral
Deltoideus Latissimus Dorsi Teres Minor Deltoideus Latissimus Dorsi Deltoideus Latissimus Dorsi Teres Minor Deltoideus Latissimus Dorsi Teres Minor Deltoideus Teres Minor Deltoideus Teres Minor Triceps Brachii Deltoideus Triceps Brachii I nfraspinatus Deltoideus Latissimus Dorsi Brachialis Su praspinatus Triceps Brachii Deltoideus I nfraspinatus Deltoideus
1 39
Digastricus
C h ains starting from the Diastricus
associated muscles
C hains containing the Digastricus M uscle

associated muscles Masseter
Masseter
teeth
Masseter
face - lower cheek
Digastricus Sternocleidomastoideus (sternal)
1 40
Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis

C hains starting from the Extensor Carpi Radialis B revis
associated muscles
(C7)
Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Scalenus Pectoralis M inor
Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Scalenus Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Scalenus
Chains containing the Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Muscle

associated muscles Supinator Scalenus Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Brachioradialis
1 41
Supinator Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Scalenus hand - wrist - radial
Brachioradialis Supinator Scalenus hand - dorsal side & wrist
Scalenus
hand - wrist - ulnar
Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Brachialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Supinator Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Scalenus Brachialis Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Supinator Brachialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Brachialis Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Triceps Brachii Pectoralis Minor Extensor Digitorum (ring finger) Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis
1 42
Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus

C hains starting from the Extensor C arpi Radialis Longus
associated muscles
(C5-C7)
Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Scalenus Pectoralis Minor

Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Scalenus
C hains containing the Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Muscle

associated muscles Triceps Brachii Scalenus Supinator Brachiorad ialis Anconeus Extensor I ndicis Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Extensor Dig itorum (ring finger) Extensor Dig itorum (middle finger)
1 43
Triceps Brachii
Anconeus elbow epicondylus lateralis Brachioradialis
Extensor Digitorum (ring finger) Supinator
Triceps Brachii Supinator elbow - olecranon Supinator
Brachioradialis hand - wrist - radial Scalenus
Anconeus Brachioradialis Supinator Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Supinator Triceps Brachii Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Digitorum (ring finger) Supinator Triceps Brachii Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Supinator Anconeus Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Triceps Brachii Supinator Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Triceps Brachii Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Brachialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Supinator Brachialis Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis
1 44
Brachioradialis
Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Supinator Scalenus
hand - dorsal side & wrist
Scalenus hand - wrist - radial Extensor Carpi Radialis Brev;s
Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Digitorum (ring finger) Extensor Digitorum (middle finQer) Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Scalenus Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Triceps Brachii Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Triceps Brachii Triceps Brachii Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Digitorum (middle finQer) Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Scalenus
1 45
Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
(C7-C8)
C hains containing the Extensor Carpi U1naris M uscle

associated muscles Extensor Indicis Extensor Digitorum (middle finger) Extensor DiQitorum (rinQ finQer)
Extensor I ndicis
Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Ulnaris Supinator
1 46
Extensor Digitorum (middle finger)

(C5-C8)
C hains starting from the Extensor Digitorum (middle finger)

associated muscles Supinator Brachioradialis Extensor Digitorum (ring finger) Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
Chains containing the Extensor Digitorum (middle finger) Muscle

associated muscles Brachioradialis Scalenus Extensor DiQitorum (rinQ finQer)
I nterosseus Dorsalis 1 & 2
fingers - dorsal
Scalenus Extensor Digitorum (middle finger) Extensor Digitorum (rinQ finQer)
1 47
Brachioradialis hand - wrist - radial Scalenus
Brachioradialis
Triceps Brachii (Extensor Digitorum middle finger) Triceps Brachii(caput longum) Extensor Digitorum (middle finger) Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Digitorum (ring finger) Extensor Digitorum (middle finger)
1 48
Extensor Digitorum (ring finger)

(C5-C8) Chains starting from the Extensor Digitorum (ring finger)
associated muscles Supinator Brachioradialis Extensor Digitorum (middle finger) Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Supi nator
C hains containing the Extensor Digitorum (ring finger) Muscle

associated muscles Extensor Digitorum (middle finger) Scalenus Brachioradialis
I nterosseus Dorsalis 1 &2
fingers - dorsal
Brachioradialis
elbow epicondylus lateralis
Scalenus Extensor Digitorum (middle finger) Extensor Digitorum (ring finger) Extensor Carpi Rad ialis Longus Extensor Digitorum (ring finger) Supinator Triceps Brachii
1 49
Brachioradialis
Scalenus
Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Digitorum (ring finger) Extensor Digitorum (middle finQer) Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Triceps Brachii Extensor Digitorum (ring finger) Pectoralis Minor
1 50
(51 -52)
C hains starting from the Extensor Digitorum Brevis

associated muscles Extensor Hallucis Brevis Extensor Digitorum Longus Extensor Hallucis Longus
foot - dorsal
Extensor Hallucis Brevis Extensor Digitorum Longus Extensor Hallucis LonQus
Chains containing the Extensor Digitorum Brevis M uscle

associated muscles
Extensor Hallucis Brevis
foot - dorsal
Extensor Digitorum Brevis Extensor Digitorum Longus Extensor Hallucis Longus
1 51
Extensor Digitorum Longus

C hains starting from the Extensor Digitorum Longus
associated muscles
(L5-S 1 )
Tibialis Anterior Extensor Haliucis Longus Peroneus Longus Peroneus Brevis Peroneus Tertius
foot - dorsal
Tibialis Anterior Extensor Hallucis Lon us
foot - dorsal
Peroneus Longus Peroneus Brevis Peroneus Tertius
C hains containing the Extensor Digitorum Longus Muscle

associated muscles Tibialis Anterior Soleus Plantaris Peroneus Longus Peroneus Brevis Peroneus Tertius Flexor Haliucis Longus Flexor Digitorum Longus Extensor Hallucis Longus Extensor Haliucis Brevis
1 52
Extensor Hallucis Brevis foot - dorsal
Extensor Hallucis Longus Tibialis Anterior
Extensor Hallucis Brevis Extensor Digitorum Longus Extensor Hallucis Longus Extensor Digitorum Brevis Extensor D igitorum Longus Extensor Hallucis LonQus Tibialis Anterior Extensor Digitorum Longus Extensor Digitorum Longus Extensor Hallucis LonQus
1 53
Extensor Hallucis Brevis
(51 -52)
C h ains starting from the Extensor Hallucis Brevis

associated muscles Extensor Digitorum Brevis Extensor Digitorum Longus Extensor Hallucis Longus
foot - dorsal
Extensor Digitorum Brevis Extensor Digitorum Longus Extensor Hallucis Longus
C h ains containing the Extensor Hallucis Brevis M uscle

associated muscles
foot - dorsal
Extensor Hallucis Brevis Extensor Digitorum Longus Extensor Hallucis Longus
1 54
Extensor Hallucis Longus
( L4-S 1 )
Chains starting from the Extensor Hallucis Longus

associated muscles Tibialis Anterior Extensor Digitorum Longus Peroneus Longus Peroneus Brevis Peroneus Tertius
foot - dorsal us
foot . dorsal
Peroneus Longus Peroneus Brevis Peroneus Tertius
C hains containing the Extensor Hallucis Longus M uscle

associated muscles Tibialis Anterior Soleus Plantaris Flexor Hal lucis Longus Flexor Dig itorum Longus Extensor Hallucis Brevis
1 55
Extensor Digitorum Brevis Extensor Digitorum Longus foot - dorsal Extensor Hallucis Brevis
Tibialis Anterior
Extensor Hallucis Brevis Extensor Digitorum Longus Extensor Hallucis Longus Tibialis Anterior Extensor Hallucis Longus Extensor Digitorum Brevis Extensor Digitorum Longus Extensor Hallucis Longus Extensor Digitorum Longus Extensor Hallucis Longus
1 56
Extensor Indicis
(CB-T1 )
Chains starting from the Extensor I ndicis

associated muscles Supinator Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Ulnaris Extensor Carpi Rad ialis Longus Supinator Supinator Brachioradialis
Chains containing the Extensor I ndicis M uscle
Interosseus Dorsalis 1 &2
fingers - dorsal
Latissimus Dorsi Triceps Brachii Flexor Pollicis Longus Extensor Indicis
1 57
(CB-T1 )
Chains starting from the Flexor C arpi Radialis

associated muscles Flexor Digitorum Superficialis & Profundus Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Flexor Pollicis Longus
hand - wrist - radial hand - volar side & wrist
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis Flexor Pollicis Longus Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Flexor Digitorum Superficialis & Profundus
C hains containing the Flexor C arpi Radialis M uscle

associated muscles Pronator Teres Palmaris Longus Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Flexor Digitorum Superficialis & Profundus
Pronator Teres Palmaris Longus
hand - volar side & wrist
Flexor Carpi Radialis Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Flexor Carpi Radialis Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
1 58
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
hand - volar side & 'tIrist hand - wrist - radial
Pronator Teres
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis & Profundus Flexor Carpi Radialis Flexor Carpi Radialis Flexor Pollilcis Longus Flexor Digitorum Superficialis
1 59
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
(C8-T1 )
C hains starting from the Flexor Carpi U1naris

associated muscles Flexor Digitorum Superficialis & Profundus Flexor Carpi Radialis Flexor Pollicis Longus
Flexor Digitorum Superficial is & Profundus Flexor Carpi Radialis
C hains containing the Flexor C arpi Ulnaris Muscle

associated muscles Pronator Teres Palmaris Longus Flexor Carpi Radialis Flexor Digitorum Superficialis & Profundus
Pronator Teres Pal maris Longus hand - volar side & wrist
Flexor Carpi Radialis Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Flexor Carpi Radialis Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Flexor Digitorum Superficialis & Profundus
1 60
Flexor Digitorum Brevis
(L5-S1 )
Chains containing the Flexor Digitorum Brevis M uscle

associated muscles Flexor Hallucis Longus Flexor Digitorum Longus Abductor Hallucis
Abductor Hallucis
Flexor Digitorum Longus foot - plantar
Flexor Hallucis Longus
Quadratus Plantae Flexor Hallucis Brevis Flexor Digitorum Brevis I nterossei Dorsalis 1 Adductor Hallucis Flexor Digitorum Brevis Flexor Hallucis Longus Flexor Hallucis Brevis I nterossei Dorsalis 1 Flexor Digitorum Brevis Flexor Digitorum Longus Flexor Hallucis Brevis I nterosseus Dorsalis 1
1 61
(51 -53)
Chains starting from the Flexor Digitorum Longus

associated muscles Tibialis Posterior Extensor Digitorum Longus Extensor Digitorum Brevis Flexor Hallucis Longus Extensor Hallucis Longus Extensor Hallucis Brevis Flexor Digitorum Brevis Flexor Hal/ucis Brevis I nterosseus Dorsalis 1
foot - plantar
Flexor Digitorum Brevis Flexor Hallucis Longus Flexor Hallucis Brevis Interossei Dorsalis 1
Chains containing the Flexor Digitorum Longus M uscle

associated muscles Tibialis Posterior Soleus Plantaris Gastrocnemius Flexor Hallucis Lonqus
1 62
Gastrocnemius foot - plantar Flexor Hallucis Longus
Flexor Digitorum Longus Flexor Hallucis Longus Soleus Flexor Digitorum Brevis Flexor Digitorum Longus Flexor Hallucis Brevis I nterosseus Dorsalis 1
Soleus leg - posterior (calf) Gastrocnemius
Soleus
foot - plantar
Flexor Digitorum Longus Gastrocnemius Semimembranosus Semitendinosus Biceps Femoris Flexor Digitorum Longus Flexor Digitorum Longus Tibialis Posterior
1 63
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis Profundus (C7-T1 )

C hains starting from the Flexor Superficialis & P rofundus
associatiespieren Flexor Carpi Radialis Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Flexor Pollicis Longus
&
C hains containing the Flexor Digitorum Superficialis & P rofundus M uscle

associated muscles Pronator Teres Palmaris Longus Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Flexor Carpi Radialis
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris hand - volar side & wrist
Palmaris Longus
Pronator Teres
Flexor Carpi Radialis hand - wrist - radial Pronator Teres
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Flexor Digitorum Superficialis & Profundus Flexor Digitorum Superficialis & Profundus Flexor Carpi Radialis Flexor Pollicis Longus Flexor Digitorum Superficialis & Profundusi Flexor Digtorum Superficialis & Profundus Flexor Pollicis LonQus Flexor Digitorum Superficialis Flexor Pollicis Longus Flexor Carpi Radialis Flexor Pollilcis Longus Flexor Digitorum Superficialis
1 64
Flexor Hallucis Brevis
(LS-S1 )
Chains containing the Flexor Hallucis Brevis M uscle

Abductor Hallucis foot - plantar Flexor Digitorum Longus
Flexor Hallucis longus
Quadratus Plantae Flexor Hallucis Brevis Flexor Digitorum Brevis I nterossei Dorsalis 1 Adductor Hallucis Flexor Digitorum Brevis F lexor Hallucis Longus Flexor Hallucis Brevis Interossei Dorsalis 1 Flexor Digitorum Brevis Flexor Digitorum Longus Flexor Hallucis Brevis Interosseus Dorsalis 1
1 65
(51 -53)
Chains starting from the Flexor Hallucis Longus

associated muscles Tibialis Posterior Extensor Digitorum Longus Extensor Digitorum Brevis Flexor Digitorum Longus Extensor Hallucis Longus Extensor Hallucis Brevis Flexor Digitorum Brevis Flexor Hallucis Brevis I nterosseus Dorsalis 1
foot - plantar
Flexor Digitorum Brevis Flexor Digitorum Longus Flexor Hallucis Brevis I nterosseus Dorsalis 1
Chains containing the Flexor Hallucis Longus Muscle

associated muscles Tibialis Posterior Soleus Plantaris Gastrocnemius Flexor Digitorum Longus
Gastrocnemius foot - plantar Flexor Digitorum Longus
Flexor Digitorum Longus Flexor Hallucis Longus Soleus Flexor Digitorum Brevis Flexor Hallucis Longus Flexor Hallucis Brevis I nterosseus Dorsalis 1
1 66
Flexor Pollicis Longus
(C6-C8)
Chains containing the Flexor Pollicis Longus M u scle

associated muscles Palmaris Longus Adductor Poll icis Flexor Digitorum Superficial is & Profundus Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Flexor Carpi Radialis
Palmaris Longus hand - volar side & wrist Pronator Teres
Flexor Pollicis Longus Flexor Digitorum Superficialis & Profundus
Flexor Carpi Radialis hand - wrist - radial Pronator Teres
nterosseus Dorsalis 1 & 2
fingers - dorsal
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis & Profundus Flexor Pollicis Longus Flexor Digitorum Superficialis Flexor Pollicis Longus Flexor Carpi Radialis Flexor Pollilcis Longus Flexor Digitorum Superficialis Latissimus Dorsi Triceps Brachii Flexor Pollicis Longus Extensor Ind icis
1 67
Gastrocnemi US
(51 -52)
Chains starting from the Gastrocnemius

Gastrocnemius Soleus Semimembranosus Semitendinosus Biceps Femoris Tibialis Posterior Flexor Hallucis Longus Flexor Digitorum Longus Gluteus Minimus
Soleus Gluteus M inimus Tibialis Posterior

foot - plantar
Semimembranosus Semitendinosus Biceps Femoris Flexor Digitorum Longus Flexor Digitorum Longus Flexor Hallucis Longus Soleus
C hains containing the Gastrocnemius M uscle

associated muscles Soleus Semitendinosus Semimembranosus Popliteus Plantaris Peroneus Tertius Peroneus Longus Peroneus Brevis Biceps Femoris
1 68
Biceps Femoris knee -, posterior Popliteus Soleus leg - posterior (calf)
Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Gastrocnemius Gastrocnemius Plantaris Gluteus Minimus Tibialis Posterior Gastrocnemius
Plantaris Soleus
knee - posterior leg - posterior (calf)
Gastrocnemius Gluteus Minimus Soleus Flexor Digitorum Longus Gastrocnemius
1 69
Gluteus Maximus
(L5-S2)
Chains starting from the Gluteus M aximus

associated muscles Gluteus Medius (posterior part) Gluteus Minimis (posterior part) Biceps Femoris Semitend inosus Semimembranosus Longissimus Thoracis Iliocostalis Thoracis Iliocostalis Lumboru m I l iopsoas Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris
back - sacral buttock
Gluteus Medius Longissimus Thoracis I liopsoas Gluteus Medius Gluteus Minimis Semitendinosus Semimembranosus Longissimus Thoracis I liocostalis Lumborum
back - sacral
I liocostalis Thoracis Longissimus Thoracis I liopsoas
C hains containing the Gluteus M aximus M uscle

associated muscles Piriformis Gluteus Minimus Gluteus Medius
1 70
Gluteus Medius Piriformis back - sacral I liopsoas
Gluteus Medius hip - lateral Gluteus Minimus
Gluteus Medius
buttock Piriformis
Gluteus Minimus
Gluteus Maximus Piriformis Levator Ani Coccygeus Gluteus Maximus Rectus Abdominus Quadratus Lumborum Gluteus Medius Gluteus Maximus Longissimus Thoracis Piriformis Gluteus Maximus Tensor Fascia Latae Piriformis Gluteus Maximus Gluteus Medius Quadratus Lumborum Tensor Fascia Latae Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Piriformis Gluteus Maximus Gluteus Minimus Tensor Fascia latae Gluteus Minimus (posterior part) Levator Ani Coccygeus Gluteus Maximus Piriformis Gluteus Maximus Gluteus Medius Quadratus Lumboru m
1 71
Gluteus Medius
(L4-LS)
C h ains starting from the Gluteus M edius

associated muscles Piriformis Gluteus Maximus Gluteus Minimus (posterior part) Tensor Fascia latae
Gluteus Maximus Piriformis Piriformis Gluteus Maximus Gluteus Minimus Tensor Fascia latae
C hains containing the Gluteus M edius M uscle

associated muscles Gluteus Maximus Gluteus Minimus Quadratus Lumborum
1 72
Quadratus Lumborum back - SIJ Iliopsoas
Gluteus Maximus Quadratus Lumborum back - sacral
Iliopsoas
Quadratus Lumborum back - lu mbar I liopsoas Quadratus Lumborum
hip - lateral Gluteus Minimus
Quadratus Lumborum
buttock
Gluteus Medius I liopsoas Quadratus Lumborum (contralateral) Rectus Abdominus Quadratus Lumborum Gluteus Medius Lonqissimus Thoracis Gluteus Medius Longissimus Thoracis Iliopsoas Gluteus Medius Quadratus Lumborum (other side) Il iopsoas Rectus Abdominus Quadratus Lumborum Gluteus Medius G luteus Maximus Longissimus Thoracis Iliopsoas Quadratus Lumborum (other side) Gluteus Medius Quadratus Lumborum Longissimus Thoracis Gluteus Medius I liocostalis Thoracis Rectus Abdominus Gluteus Medius Quadratus Lumborum (other side) Piriformis Gluteus Maximus Gluteus Medius Quadratus Lumborum Tensor Fascia Latae Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Quadratus Lumborum (other side) Iliocostalis Lumborum Gluteus Medius Gluteus Minimus
1 73
Gluteus Maximus buttock Gluteus Minimus
Gluteus Medius Gluteus Minimis Semitendinosus Semimembranosus Longissimus Thoracis Iliocostalis Lumborum Piriformis Gluteus Maximus Gluteus Medius Quadratus Lumborum
Quadratus Lumborum hip - lateral Gluteus Maximus Gluteus Minimus thigh - lateral
Iliocostalis Lumborum Gluteus Minimus Gluteus Medius Gluteus Medius Gluteus Minimis I liocostalis Lumborum Gluteus Medius Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis
1 74
Gluteus Minimus
( L4-S 1 )
C hains starting from the Gluteus Minimus

Gluteus Minimus Piriformis Gluteus Maximus Gluteus Medius Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Peroneus Longus Quadratus Lumborum Tensor Fasciae Latae
buttock
hip - lateral
thigh - lateral
Piriformis Gluteus Maximus Gluteus Medius Quadratus Lumborum Piriformis Gluteus Maximus Gluteus Medius Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Quadratus Lumborum Tensor Fasciae Latae Tensor Fasciae Latae Quadratus Femoris Vastus Lateralis
thigh - lateral leg - posterior (calf) leg - lateral
Gluteus Medius Quadratus Femoris Vastus Lateralis Piriformis Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Peroneus Longus
1 75
Chains containing the Gluteus M inimus M uscle

associated muscles Peroneus Longus Peroneus Brevis Peroneus Tertius Tensor Fasciae Latae Soleus Quadratus Lumborum Plantaris Piriformis Gluteus Medius Gluteus Maximus Gastrocnemius
Gluteus Medius
Quadratus Lumborum buttock G luteus Maximus
Piriformis
Soleus Gastrocnemius Peroneus Brevis Peroneus Longus
leg - posterior ( calf)
ankle malleolus externus
Piriformis Gluteus Maximus Gluteus Minimus Tensor Fascia latae Quadratus Lumborum ( other side ) Iliocostalis Lumborum Gluteus Medius Gluteus Minimus Gluteus Medius Gluteus Minimis Semitendinosus Semimembranosus Longissimus Thoracis Iliocostalis Lumborum Gluteus Minimus (posterior part) Levator Ani Coccygeus Gluteus Maximus Gluteus Minimus Tibialis Posterior Gastrocnemius Soleus Gluteus Minimus Tibialis Posterior Peroneus Longus Gluteus Minimus Peroneus Brevis Gluteus Minimus
1 76
Quadratus Lumborum hip -. Iateral Gluteus Maximus Plantaris knee - posterior
I liocostalis Lumborum Gluteus Minimus Gluteus Medius Gluteus Medius Gluteus Minimis I l iocostalis Lumborum Gastrocnemius Gluteus Minimus Soleus
1 77
Gracilis
(L2-L4)
C hains starting from the Gracilis

associated muscles Sartorius
C h ains containing the Gracilis M u scle

associated muscles Sartorius Obliquus Externus Abdominis Rectus Abdominis Pectineus
Sartorius
thigh - medial
Adductor Magnus Gracilis Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis
1 78
Iliocostalis Lumborum
(C4-L3)
Chains starting from the Iliocostalis L umborum

associated muscles Latissimus Dorsi Quadratus Lumborum Serratus Posterior Inferior Serratus Posterior Superior
Chains containing the Iliocostalis Lumborum Muscle

associated muscles Quadratus Lumborum Gluteus Maximus
Quadratus Lumborum
Gluteus Maximus buttock
Semitendinosus
Semimembranosus
Quadratus Lumborum (other side) Iliocostalis Lumborum Gluteus Medius Gluteus Mini mus Gluteus Medius Gluteus Minimis Semitendinosus Semimembranosus Longissimus Thoracis Iliocostalis Lumborum Semimembranosus Quadratus Lumborum Il iocostalis Lumborum Lonqissimus Thoracis Semitendinosus Quadratus Lumborum Iliocostalis Lumborum Lonqissimus Thoracis
1 79
I liopsoas back SIJ

-
Quadratus Lumborum
Quadratus Lumborum back - lumbar Iliopsoas Quadratus Lumborum hip - lateral Gluteus Maximus
Longissimus Thoracis Iliocostalis Lumborum Quadratus Lumborum (contralateral) Iliocostalis Lumborum Iliocostalis Lumborum Latissimus Dorsi Iliocostalis Lumborum LonQissimus Thoracis Iliocostalis Lumborum Gluteus Minimus Gluteus Medius Gluteus Medius Gluteus Minimis Iliocostalis Lumborum
1 80
(C4-L3)
Chains starting from the I liocostalis Thoracis

associated muscles Latissimus Dorsi Quadratus Lumborum Serratus Posterior I nferior Serratus Posterior Superior
back - mid-thoracic back - low-thoracic
Latissimus Dorsi Serratus Posterior Superior Latissimus Dorsi Serratus Posterior I nferior
back - lumbar
Latissimus Dorsi Serratus Posterior I nferior
Chains containing the I l iocostalis Thoracis M uscle

associated muscles Serratus Posterior Superior Serratus Posterior I nferior Latissimus Dorsi
1 81
Latissimus Dorsi
back - low-thoracic
Latissimus Dorsi back - mid-thoracic Serratus Posterior Superior
I liopsoas
back - lumbar
lliosostalis Thoracis Rectus Abdominus Serratus Posterior inferior lliosostalis Thoracis Serratus Anterior Serratus Posterior Superior Scalenus Rhomboideus Major Iliocostalis Thoracis Iliocostalis Thoracis Rectus Abdominus Quadratus Lumborum Longissimus Thoracis Gluteus Medius
Gluteus Maximus Serratus Posterior Superior
back - sacral shoulder - posterior
Iliocostalis Thoracis Longissimus Thoracis Iliopsoas Scalenus Iliocostalis Thorac _i
1 82
Iliopsoas
associated muscles
(T1 2-L4)
C hains starting from the Iliopsoas

Quadratus Lumborum Rectus Abdominus Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris Tensor Fascia Latae Pectineus Semitend inosus Semimembranosus Biceps Femoris Gluteus Maximus Gluteus Medius Gluteus Minimus I l iocostalis Thoracis Longissimus Thoracis I liocostalis Lumborum Trapezius Splenius Cervi cis Levator Scapulae Suboccipital Sternocleidomastoideus Multifidus (neck)
back - lumbar
back - SIJ
back - sacral
Quadratus Lumboru m Longissimus Thoracis Gluteus Medius I liocostal is Thoracis Rectus Abdominis Rectus Abdominus Quadratus Lumborum Gluteus Medius Longissimus Thoracis Rectus Abdominus Quadratus Lumborum Gluteus Medius Gluteus Maximus Longissimus Thoracis
back - lumbar back - SIJ
I liocostalis Lumborum Longissimus Thoracis Longissimus Thoracis I l iocostalis Lumborum
1 83
C hains containing the Iliopsoas M uscle

associated muscles Tensor Fasciae Latae Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Quadriceps Femoris Vastus I ntermedius Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris Quadratus Lumborum Pectineus Gluteus Maximus
Quadratus Lumborum
back - SIJ
Quadratus Lumborum
back - lumbar
Gluteus Maximus back - sacral Quadratus Lumborum
Pectineus
hip - anterior
Quadriceps Femoris Vastus I ntermedius
thigh - anterior
Gluteus Medius Iliopsoas Quadratus Lumborum (contralateral) Iliopsoas Quadratus Lumborum (other side) Gluteus Medius Gluteus Medius Iliopsoas Longissimus Thoracis Iliopsoas Quadratus Lumborum (other side) Gluteus Medius Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Adductor Magnus Iliopsoas Iliopsoas Sartorius Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis
Gluteus Maximus Semitendinosus
Semimembranosus
I liocostalis Thoracis Longissimus Thoracis Iliopsoas Iliopsoas Multifidus Iliopsoas Multifidus
1 84
Infraspinatus
(C4-C6)
Chains starting from the Infraspinatus

associated muscles Teres Major Teres Minor Deltoideus (Anterior) Supraspinatus Biceps Brachii Latissimus Dorsi Subscapularis Pectoralis Major
shoulder - anterior
shoulder - lateral
Biceps Brachii Deltoideus Pectoralis Major (clavicular & sternal) Supraspinatus Teres Major Deltoideus Supraspinatus Subscapularis Pectoralis Major
shoulder - anterior
shoulder - lateral
Pectoralis Major (clavicular & sternal) Subscapularis Latissimus Dorsi Teres Major Teres M inor Deltoideus Latissimus Dorsi
1 85
C hains containing the Infraspinatus M uscle

associated muscles Teres Minor Supraspinatus Rhomboideus Minor Rhomboideus Major Deltoideus
Deltoideus shoulder - anterior Supraspinatus Supraspinatus
Teres M inor shoulder - posterior Subscapularis
Deltoideus Supraspinatus Deltoideus shoulder - lateral Subscapularis Rhomboideus Major back - mid-thoracic Rhomboideus Minor
Biceps Brachii Infraspinatus Pectoralis Major (clavicular) Supraspinatus Deltoideus Infraspinatus Deltoideus Infraspinatus Trapezius Deltoideus Infraspinatus Subscapularis Supraspinatus Teres Major Deltoideus Infraspinatus Teres Major Teres Minor Triceps Brachii Supraspinatus Infraspinatus Teres Major Triceps Brachii Deltoideus Infraspinatus Supraspinatus Infraspinatus Deltoideus Infraspinatus Teres Major Pectoralis Major I nfraspinatus Trapezius Infraspinatus Trapezius
1 86
Supraspinatus Supraspinatus Subscapularis Subscapularis
arm - posterior elbow epicondylus lateralis hand - wrist - radial hand - dorsal side & wrist
Deltoideus Latissimus Dorsi Infraspinatus Infraspinatus Deltoideus Triceps Brachii(caput longum) Infraspinatus Latissimus Dorsi Infraspinatus Triceps Brachii
1 87
Interosseus Dorsalis
T1 )
1 &2
(fingers)
(CB
C hains starting from the I nterosseus Dorsalis 1 & 2

associated muscles Latissimus Dorsi Pectoralis M inor Pectoralis Major Scalenus Triceps Brachii Flexor Carpi Radialis Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Flexor Digitorum Su perficialis & Profundus Flexor Pollicis Longus Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Carpi Ulnaris Extensor Digitorum (middle finger) Extensor Digitorum (ring finger) Extensor I ndicis
fingers - dorsal
Scalenus Extensor Digitorum (middle finger) Extensor Digitorum (ring finger)
fingers - dorsal
Latissimus Dorsi . Triceps Brachii Flexor Pollicis Longus Extensor Indicis
1 88
Chains containing the Interosseus Dorsalis 1 & 2 M u scle

associated muscles Adductor Pollicis
Opponens Pollicis Opponens Pollicis
Interosseus Dorsalis 1 &2 Adductor Pollicis Interosseus Dorsalis 1 Adductor Pollicis
1 89
Interosseus Dorsalis
(toes)
(51 -52)
C hains containing the Interosseus Dorsalis 1 (toes) Muscle

Abductor Hallucis
foot - plantar
Quadratus Plantae Flexor Hallucis Brevis Flexor Digitorum Brevis Interossei Dorsalis 1 Adductor Hallucis Flexor Digitorum Brevis Flexor Hallucis Longus Flexor Hallucis Brevis Interossei Dorsalis 1 Flexor Digitorum Brevis Flexor Digitorum Longus Flexor Hallucis Brevis Interosseus Dorsalis 1
1 90
Latissimus Dorsi
(C6-C8)
Chains starting from the Latissimus Dorsi

associated muscles Teres Major Triceps Brachii (caput longum) Rectus Abdominus (upper) Subscapularis Iliocostalis Thoracis Serratus Anterior Serratus Posterior Inferior Serratus Posterior Superior
back - mid-thoracic back - low-thoracic
I l iosostalis Thoracis Serratus Anterior Serratus Posterior Superior l Iiosostalis Thoracis Rectus Abdominus Serratus Posterior inferior
C hains containing the Latissimus Dorsi M uscle

associated muscles lIiosostalis Thoracis Triceps Brachii Teres Minor Teres Major Supraspinatus Subscapularis Serratus Anterior Quadratus Lumborum Multifidus (back) Longissimus Thoracis I nfraspinatus Iliocostalis Lumboru m Deltoideus
1 91
I liocostalis Thoracis I liocostalis Thoracis
back - low-thoracic
back - mid-thoracic Multifidus(back) Serratus Anterior
Latissimus Dorsi Serratus Posterior Inferior Latissimus Dorsi Serratus Posterior Superior Latissimus Dorsi Serratus Posterior Superior Latissimus Dorsi Scalenus
Quadratus Lumborum Multifidus (back) back - l umbar Longissimus Thoracis Iliocostalis Thoracis I nfraspinatus Teres Minor Teres Major Supraspinatus shoulder - lateral I nfraspinatus Subscapularis shoulder - anterior shoulder - posterior
Iliocostalis Lumborum Latissimus Dorsi Latissimus Dorsi Serratus Posterior Inferior Latissimus Dorsi Serratus Posterior Inferior Latissimus Dorsi Serratus Posterior I nferior Latissimus Dorsi Teres Major Subscapularis Pectoralis Major Latissimus Dorsi Biceps Brachii Deltoideus Latissimus Dorsi Teres Minor Deltoideus Latissimus Dorsi Deltoideus Latissimus Dorsi Teres Minor Deltoideus Latissimus Dorsi Teres Minor
1 92
Triceps Brachii arm - posterior Supraspinatus Subscapularis hand - wrist - ulnar
Subscapularis
I nterosseus Dorsalis 1 &2
fingers - dorsal
Teres Major Teres M inor Latissimus Dorsi I nfraspinatus Deltoideus Latissimus Dorsi Latissimus Dorsi Pectoralis Major Triceps Brachii Deltoideus (posterior) Teres Major Teres Minor Triceps Brachii (caput longum) Latissimus Dorsi Pectoralis Major I nfraspinatus Latissimus Dorsi Triceps Brachii Flexor Pollicis Longus Extensor Indicis
1 93
Levator Ani
(53-55)
C h ains containing the Levator Ani Muscle

Piriformis
buttock
Piriformis
back - sacral
Gluteus Minimus (posterior part) Levator Ani Coccygeus Gluteus Maximus Levator Ani Coccygeus Gluteus Maximus
1 94
Levator Scapulae
(C4-C5)
Chains starting from the Levator Scapulae

associated muscles Splenius Cervicis Scalenus
Chains containing the Levator Scapulae M uscle

associated muscles Trapezius Suboccipital Sternocleidomastoideus Mu ltifidus Rhomboideus Major Rhomboideus Minor
Multifidus (neck) neck - posterior Trapezius Rhomboideus Minor back - high-thoracic Trapezius
Levator Scapulae Splenius Cervicis Levator Scapulae Trapezius (contralateral, TP 1 ,2 ,3) Levator Scapulae Trapezius (TP4,5) Levator Scapulae Rhomboideus Major Rhomboideus Minor Scalenus Trapezius (contralateral)
Rhomboideus Minor Trapezius
back - mid-thoracic shoulder - posterior
Trapezius Levator Scapulae Levator Scapulae Scalenus
1 95
(C2-LS)
Chains starting from the Longissimus Thoracis

back - lumbar
Chains containing the Longissimus Thoracis M uscle

associated muscles Gluteus Maximus Serratus Posterior Inferior Serratus Posterior Superior
1 96
Gluteus Maximus back - sacral Iliopsoas
Iliopsoas
back - SIJ
Iliopsoas
back - lumbar
Gluteus Maximus
buttock Semitendinosus
Semimembranosus
G luteus Medius Longissimus Thoracis Iliopsoas Quadratus Lumborum Longissimus Thoracis Gluteus Medius Iliocostalis Thoracis Rectus Abdominus Quadratus Lumborum Longissimus Thoracis Gluteus Medius Rectus Abdominus Quadratus Lumborum Longissimus Thoracis Gluteus Medius Rectus Abdominus Gluteus Maximus Gluteus Medius Gluteus Minimis Semitendinosus Semimembranosus Longissimus Thoracis Iliocostalis Lumborum Semimembranosus Quadratus Lumborum Iliocostalis Lumborum Longissimus Thoracis Semitendinosus Quadratus Lumborum Iliocostalis Lumborum Longissimus Thoracis
1 97
I liopsoas I liopsoas Gluteus Maximus
back - lu mbar back - SIJ back - sacral
Iliocostalis Lumborum Longissimus Thoracis Longissimus Thoracis I l iocostalis Lumborum I liocostalis Thoracis Longissimus Thoracis I l iopsoas
1 98
Masseter
Chains starting from the Masseter
associated muscles Temporalis Pterygoideus Medialis Sternocleidomastoideus Digastricus PteryQoideus Lateralis
ear - TMJ head - frontal head - lateral
Sternocleidomastoideus Pterygoideus Medialis Pterygoideus Lateralis Temporalis Sternocleidomastoideus Temporalis Sternocleidomastoideus
face - upper cheek
face - lower cheek eye
Pterygoideus Lateralis Pterygoideus Medialis Sternocleidomastoideus (sternal) Temporalis (3 anterior TPs) Digastricus Sternocleidomastoideus (sternal) Temporalis (anterior TP) Sternocleidomastoideus (sternal)
1 99
C hains containing the Masseter M u scle

associated muscles Temporalis Sternocleidomastoideus DiQastricus
Digastricus Sternocleidomastoideus Temporalis
teeth eye
head - frontal Sternocleidomastoideus Sternocleidomastoideus head - lateral Temporalis
Masseter Temporalis Masseter Splenius Cervicis (UTP) Orbicularis Oculi Masseter Sternocleidomastoideus Masseter Occipitofrontalis Temporalis Trapezius Masseter Occipitofrontalis Temporalis Sternocleidomastoideus Trapezius Masseter
--
Sternocleidomastoideus Temporalis Sternocleidomastoideus
face - u pper cheek teeth head - lateral
Masseter Temporalis Masseter Sternocleidomastoideus Masseter Splenius Cervicis (UTP)
200
Multifidus (neck)
(C3-S4)
C hains starting from the Multifidus (neck)

associated muscles Levator Scapulae Semispinalis Capitis Semispinalis Cervicis Sternocleidomastoideus Splenius Cervicis
neck - posterior
Chains containing the M ultifidus (neck) Muscle

associated muscles Suboccipital
201
Multifidus (back)
(C3-S4)
C hains starting from the M ultifidus (back)

back - mid-thoracic
Latissimus Dorsi Serratus Posterior Su erior
back - lumbar
C h ains containing the M ultifidus (back) M uscle

associated muscles
Semitendinosus buttock Semimembranosus
Semimembranosus Quadratus Lumborum I liocostalis Lumborum Longissimus Thoracis Multifidus Semitendinosus Quadratus Lumborum I liocostalis Lumborum Longissimus Thoracis Multifidus
202
Semitendinosus thigh - posterior Semimembranosus
I l iopsoas Multifidus I liopsoas Multifidus Biceps Femoris Multifidus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Biceps Femoris Multifidus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis
203
Obliquus Externus Abdominis
(T5-T1 2)
C hains starting from the Obliquus Externus Abdominus

associated muscles Rectus Abdominis Adductor Longus Adductor Brevis Adductor Magnus Gracilis Pectineus
groin
hip - anterior
Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Adductor Magnus Pectineus Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Adductor Magnus Pectineus
abdomen
Rectus Abdominis Adductor Ma nus
C hains containing the Obliquus Externus Abdominus M uscle

associated muscles Rectus Abdominis Quadratus Lumboru m
Rectus Abdominus
abdomen
Obliquus Externus Abdominis Adductor Magnus
204
Obturatorius Internus
(L 1 -L4)
Chains containing the Obturatorius Externus M uscle

205
Occipitofrontalis
C hains containing the Occipitofrontalis M uscle
Sternocleidomastoideus head - lateral Trapezius
head - frontal
Trapezius (TP1 ) Temporalis Occipitofrontalis Masseter Temporalis Trapezius (contralateral, TP1 ) Occipitofrontalis Masseter Occipitofrontalis Temporalis
Trapezius
head - occipital
Trapezius (contralateral) Temporalis Occipitofrontalis
206
Opponens Pollicis
(C6-C7)
Chains starting from the Opponens Pollicis

associated muscles I nterosseus Dorsalis 1 Add uctor Pollicis
I nterosseus Dorsalis 1 Adductor Pollicis I nterosseus Dorsalis 1 Add uctor Pollicis
Chains containing the Opponens Pollicis M uscle

associated muscles Adductor Poll icis
207
Orbicularis Oculi
C h ains containing the Orbicularis Oculi M uscle

associated muscles Sternocleidomastoideus
Sternocleidomastoideus (sternal)
eye
Masseter Splenius Cervi cis (UTP) Orbicularis Oculi
208
Palmaris Longus
(CB-T1 )
Chains starting from the Palmaris Longus

associated muscles Abductor Digiti Minimi Flexor Pollicis Longus Flexor Digitorum Superficialis & Profundus Flexor Carpi Radialis Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
Flexor Pollicis Longus Flexor Digitorum Superficialis & Profundus
Chains containing the Palmaris Longus Muscle

associated muscles Supinator
209
Pectineus
(L2-L4)
C hains starting from the Pectineus

associated muscles Adductor Longus Adductor Brevis Adductor Magnus Gracilis Iliopsoas
g roin hip - anterior
Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Adductor Magnus Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Adductor Magnus
Chains containing the Pectineus M uscle

associated muscles Obliquus Externus Abdominis Iliopsoas Adductor Magnus Adductor Longus . Adductor Brevis
210
Obliquus Externus Abdominus Adductor Brevis hip - anterior Adductor Longus Adductor Magnus Obliquus Externus Abdominus Adductor Brevis g roin Adductor Longus Adductor Magnus
Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Adductor Magnus Pectineus Add uctor Longus Adductor Magnus Pectineus Adductor Brevis Adductor Magnus Pecti neus Adductor Longus Adductor Brevis Pectineus Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Adductor Magnus Pectineus Adductor Longus Adductor Magnus Pectineus Adductor Brevis Adductor Magnus Pectineus Adductor Longus Adductor Brevis Pectineus
Adductor Magnus
thigh - anterior
Adductor Brevis Add uctor Longus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Pecti neus
21 1
Pectoralis Major
(C5-T1 )
Chains starting from the Pectoralis M ajor

associated muscles Deltoideus (anterior part) Coracobrachialis Sternalis Sternocleidomastoideus Scalenus Serratus Anterior Rhomboidei Trapezius (middle part) Subscapularis Teres Minor Deltoideus (posterior part)
thorax - anterior shoulder - anterior shoulder - lateral
Scalenus Sternalis Coracobrachialis Deltoideus Scalenus Coracobrachialis Deltoideus Scalenus Subscapularis
--
shoulder - anterior shoulder - lateral elbow - epicondylus medialis
Sternalis Subscapularis Teres Minor Deltoideus Sternalis Serratus Anterior
212
Chains containing the Pectoralis Major Muscle

associated muscles Trapezius Subscapularis Sternocleidomastoideus Scalenus Rhomboideus Minor Rhomboideus Major Pectoralis Minor I nfraspinatus Deltoideus
Pectoralis Minor thorax - anterior Scalenus
Deltoideus
Infraspinatus shoulder - anterior Scalenus Pectoralis M inor
I nfraspinatus
Pectoralis Major Sternalis Scalenus Pectoralis Major Pectoralis M inor Biceps Brachii I nfraspinatus Pectoralis Major (clavicular) Supraspinatus Biceps Brachii Deltoideus Pectoralis Major (clavicular & sternal) Supraspinatus Pectoralis Major (clavicular & sternal) Pectoralis Minor Deltoideus Pectoralis Major (clavicular & sternal) Scalenus Teres Major Deltoideus Pectoralis Major (clavicular & sternal) Supraspinatus Subscapularis
213
Subscapularis shoulder - lateral Pectoralis M inor
Scalenus
Teres Major I nfraspinatus Deltoideus Pectoralis Major (clavicular & sternal) Deltoideus Pectoralis Major (clavicular & sternal) Scalenus Pectoralis Major (clavicular & sternal) Pectoralis Minor
I nfraspinatus shoulder - anterior Pectoralis Minor Scalenus arm - anterior
Subscapularis Pectoralis M inor Sternalis Scalenus
thorax - anterior
Teres Major Latissimus Dorsi Subscapularis Pectoralis Major Pectoralis Major Sternalis Brachialis Pectoralis Major Pectoralis Minor Triceps Brachii Latissimus Dorsi Triceps Brachii Pectoralis Major Sternocleidomastoideus Pectoralis Major Sternocleidomastoideus Pectoralis Major Sternocleidomastoideus Pectoralis Major
214
Pectoralis Minor
(C6-C8)
Chains starting from the Pectoralis Minor

associated muscles Pectoralis Major Deltoideus (anterior part) Scalenus Sternocleidomastoideus Sternalis

,
Pectoralis Major Sternalis Scalenus Deltoideus , Pectoral is Major Scalenus Deltoideus Pectoral is Major Scalenus
,.
shoulder - anterior thorax - anterior
Pectoralis Major Sternalis Sternocleidomastoideus Pectoralis Major
C hains containing the Pectoralis Minor M uscle

associated muscles Scalenus Rhomboideus Major Rhomboideus Minor Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis
215
Scalenus Scalenus Scalenus
Pectoralis Major Pectoralis Minor Pectoralis Major Pectoralis Minor Pectoralis Major Pectoralis Minor
Scalenus
arm - anterior
Scalenus
Brachialis Pectoralis Major Pectoralis Minor Triceps Brachii Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Extensor Digitorum (ring finger) Pectoralis Minor Triceps Brachii
216
Peroneus Brevis
(L5-S 1 )
Chains starting from the Peroneus Brevis

associated muscles Peroneus Longus Peroneus Tertius Extensor Digitorum Longus Tibialis Posterior Gastrocnemius Soleus Gluteus Minimus
ankle - malleolus - externus
Peroneus Longus Gluteus Minimus
Chains containing the Peroneus Brevis M u scle

associated muscles Peroneus Longus Peroneus Tertius Tibialis Posterior Extensor Hallucis Longus
Peroneus Longus
ankle malleolus - extern us

Peroneus Brevis Gluteus Minimus
Extensor Digitorum Longus foot - dorsal Extensor Hallucis Longus Peroneus Tertius leg - lateral
Peroneus Longus Peroneus Brevis Peroneus Tertius Peroneus Longus Peroneus Brevis Peroneus Tertius Peroneus Brevis Peroneus Longus
217
Peroneus Longus
(L5-S 1 )
C hains starting from the Peroneus Longus

associated muscles Peroneus Brevis Peroneus Tertius Extensor Digitorum Longus Tibialis Posterior Gastrocnemius Soleus Gluteus M inimus
ankle - malleolus - extern us
Peroneus Brevis Gluteus Minimus
C hains containing the Peroneus Longus M uscle

associated muscles Peroneus Brevis Peroneus Tertius Tibialis Posterior Tibialis Anterior Gluteus Minimus . Extensor Hallucis LonQus
218
Peroneus Brevis
ankle malleolus - extern us
Peroneus Longus Gluteus Minimus
Extensor Digitorum Longus foot - dorsal Extensor Hallucis Longus Peroneus Tertius leg - lateral Gluteus Minimus
Peroneus Longus Peroneus Brevis Peroneus Tertius Peroneus Longus Peroneus Brevis Peroneus Tertius Peroneus Brevis Peroneus Longus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Peroneus Longus
219
Peroneus Tertius
(L5-S1 )
C h ains starting from the Peroneus Tertius

associated muscles Peroneus Longus Peroneus Brevis Extensor Digitorum Longus Tibialis Posterior Gastrocnemius Soleus Gluteus Minimus
leg - lateral
Peroneus Brevis Peroneus Lon us
Chains containing the Peroneus Tertius Muscle

associated muscles Peroneus Brevis Peroneus Longus Plantaris Extensor Hallucis Longus
Extensor Digitorum Longus foot - dorsal Extensor Hallucis Longus
Peroneus Longus Peroneus Brevis Peroneus Tertius Peroneus Longus Peroneus Brevis Peroneus Tertius
220
Piriformis
( L5-S2)
C h ains starting from the Piriformis

associated muscles Gluteus Minimus (posterior part) Levator Ani Coccygeus Gluteus Maximus
Levator Ani Coccygeus Gluteus Maximus Gluteus Minimus (posterior part) Levator Ani Coccygeus Gluteus Maximus
Chains containing the P iriformis Muscle

associated muscles Gluteus Minimus Gluteus Medius
221
Gluteus Medius
back - sacral
Gluteus Minimus hip - lateral Gluteus Medius G luteus Medius buttock Gluteus Minimus
Gluteus Maximus Piriformis Piriformis Gluteus Maximus Gluteus Medius Quadratus Lumborum Tensor Fascia Latae Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Piriformis Gluteus Maximus Tensor Fascia Latae Piriformis Gluteus Maximus Gluteus Minimus Tensor Fascia latae Piriformis Gluteus Maximus Gluteus Medius Quadratus Lumborum
Gluteus Minimus
Piriformis Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis
222
Plantaris
(51 -52)
Chains starting from the Plantaris

associated muscles Gastrocnemius Soleus Tibialis Posterior Flexor Hallucis Longus Flexor Digitorum Longus Gluteus Minimus Extensor Digitorum Longus Extensor Hallucis Longus Peroneus Tertius
knee - posterior
Gastrocnemius Gl uteus Minimus Soleus
Chains containing the Plantaris M uscle

associated muscles Popliteus
Popliteus
knee - posterior
Gastrocnemius Plantaris
223
Popliteus
(L4-S1 )
C hains starting from the Popliteus

Popliteus Gastrocnemius Plantaris
Popliteus
Gastrocnemius Plantaris
224
Pronator Teres
(C6-C7)
Chains starting from the Pronator Teres

associated muscles Flexor Carpi Radialis Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Flexor Digitorum Superficialis & Profundus Flexor Pollicis Longus
Flexor Carpi Radialis Flexor Pollilcis Longus Flexor Digitorum Superficialis
225
Pterygoideus Lateralis
Chains containing the Pterygoideus Lateralis M uscle

associated muscles Temporalis Masseter
Masseter
ear - TMJ
Masseter
face - upper cheek
Pterygoideus Lateralis Pterygoideus Medialis Sternocleidomastoideus (sternal) Temporalis (3 anterior TPs)
226
Pterygoideus Medialis
Chains containing the Pterygoideus Medialis Muscle

associated muscles Temporalis Masseter
Masseter
ear - TMJ
Masseter
face - upper cheek
Sternocieidomastoideus Pterygoideus Medialis Pterygoideus Lateralis Temporalis
227
Quadratus Lumborum
(T1 2-L4)
C hains starting from the Quadratus Lumborum

associated muscles Quadratus Lumborum (other side) I liopsoas I liocostalis Lumborum Obliquus Externus Abdominus Latissimus Dorsi Gluteus Medius Gluteus M inimus
back - lumbar back - sacral back - SIJ buttock
Iliopsoas Quadratus Lumborum (other side) Gluteus Medius Gluteus Medius Quadratus Lumborum (other side) Iliopsoas Gluteus Medius Iliopsoas Quadratus Lumborum (contralateral) Quadratus Lumborum (other side) Iliocostalis Lumborum Gluteus Medius Gluteus Minimus
back - lumbar back - SIJ
Iliocostalis Lumborum Latissimus Dorsi Quadratus Lumborum (contralateral) Iliocostalis Lumborum
228
Chains containing the Quadratus Lumborum M u scle

associated muscles I liopsoas Multifidus (back) I liocostalis Thoracis Gluteus Minimus Longissimus Thoracis I l iocostalis Lumborum
Quadratus Lumborum back - SIJ Iliopsoas
Quadratus Lumborum back - sacral Iliopsoas
Quadratus Lumborum back - lumbar I liopsoas
Gluteus Medius Iliopsoas Quadratus Lumborum (contralateral) Rectus Abdominus Quadratus Lumborum Gluteus Medius Longissimus Thoracis I liopsoas Quadratus Lumborum(other side) Gluteus Medius Rectus Abdominus Quadratus Lumborum G luteus Medius Gluteus Maximus Longissimus Thoracis I liopsoas Quadratus Lumborum(other side) Gluteus Medius Quadratus Lumborum Longissimus Thoracis Gluteus Medius Rectus Abdominus Iliocostalis Thoracis
229
Gluteus Minimus hip - lateral Quadratus Lumborum
Quadratus Lumborum
Gluteus Minimus
Piriformis Gluteus Maximus Gluteus Medius Quadratus Lumborum Tensor Fascia Latae Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Gluteus Medius Quadratus Lumborum (other side) Quadratus Lumborum (other side) Iliocostalis Lumborum Gluteus Medius Gluteus Minimus Semimembranosus Quadratus Lumborum Iliocostalis Lumborum Longissimus Thoracis Multifidus Semitendinosus Quadratus Lumborum I liocostalis Lumborum Longissimus Thoracis Multifidus Piriformis Gluteus Maximus Gluteus Medius Quadratus Lumborum
Quadratus Lumborum I liopsoas
back - SIJ hip - anterior
Quadratus Lumborum (contralateral) Iliocostalis Lumborum Quadratus Lumborum Rectus Abdominus
230
Quadratus Plantae
(51 -52)
Chains containing the Quadratus Plantae Muscle

associated muscles Abductor Hallucis
Abductor Hallucis
foot - plantar
Quadratus Plantae Flexor Hallucis Brevis Flexor Digitorum Brevis Interossei Dorsalis 1 Adductor Hallucis
231
Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris

(L2-L4)
Chains starting from the Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris

Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris Iliopsoas Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Quadriceps Femoris Vastus I ntermedius Sartorius
knee -anterior
Chains containing the Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris M uscle

associated muscles Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Quadriceps Femoris Vastus I ntermedius Tensor Fascia Latae Sartorius Iliopsoas Gluteus Maximus
232
Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis knee - anterior Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis
Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis
Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Intermedius thigh - anterior Sartorius
knee - medial
Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Adductor Brevis Add uctor Longus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris Sartorius
233
Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Intermedius (L2-L4)

Chains starting from the Quadriceps Femoris Vastus I ntermedius
associated muscles I l iopsoas Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris Sartorius
thigh - anterior
Iliopsoas Sartorius Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis
thigh - anterior
C hains containing the Quadriceps Femoris Vastus I ntermedius M uscle

associated muscles Quad riceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris
234
Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis

( L2-L4)
Chains starting from the Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis

associated muscles Iliopsoas Quadriceps Femoris Vastus I ntermedius Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris Sartorius
knee -anterior
Chains containing the Quad riceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis M uscle

associated muscles Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris Quadriceps Femoris Vastus I ntermedius Semitendi nosus Semimembranosus Biceps Femoris
235
Gluteus Minimus
hip - lateral
Gluteus Minimus Biceps Femoris Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris
thigh - lateral knee - posterior
knee - anterior Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis
Piriformis Gluteus Maximus Gluteus Medius Quadratus Lumborum Tensor Fascia Latae Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Tensor Fasciae Latae Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Gastrocnemius Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris
Gluteus Minimus Semitendinosus
thigh - lateral
thigh - posterior Semimembranosus
Gluteus Minimus Gluteus Minimus
leg - lateral leg - posterior (calf)
Gluteus Medius Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Biceps Femoris Multifidus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Biceps Femoris Multifidus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Peroneus Longus Piriformis Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis
236

( L2-L4)
C hains starting from the Quadriceps Femoris Vastus M edialis

associated muscles I liopsoas Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Quadriceps Femoris Vastus I ntermedius Sartorius
knee -anterior
knee - medial
C hains containing the Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis M uscle

associated muscles Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Quadriceps Femoris Vastus I ntermedius Sartorius Add uctor Longus Adductor Brevis Adductor Magnus
237
Quadriceps Femoris Vastus I ntermedius thigh - anterior Sartorius Sartorius thigh - medial
Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus knee - anterior Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris
Iliopsoas Sartorius Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Adductor Magnus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Adductor Magnus Gracilis Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Adductor Longus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Adductor Brevis Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis
238
Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Intermedius
Sartorius thigh - anterior
Adductor Magnus
Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Femoris Vastus Quadriceps Medialis Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Pectineus Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis
239
Rectus Abdominus
(T5-T1 2)
C hains starting from the Rectus Abdominus

associated muscles Obliquus Externus Abdominus Adductor Longus Adductor Brevis Adductor Magnus Gracilis
abdomen
Obliquus Externus Abdominis Adductor Ma nus
C hains containing the Rectus Abdominus M uscle

associated muscles I l iopsoas Latissimus Dorsi
240
Latissimus Dorsi
back - low-thoracic
I liopsoas
back - lumbar
Iliopsoas
back - SIJ
Iliopsoas
back - sacral
lIiosostalis Thoracis Rectus Abdominus Serratus Posterior inferior Rectus Abdominus Quadratus Lumborum Gluteus Medius Longissimus Thoracis Iliocostalis Thoracis Rectus Abdominus Quadratus Lumborum Gluteus Medius LonQissimus Thoracis Rectus Abdominus Quadratus Lumborum Gluteus Medius Gluteus Maximus Lonqissimus Thoracis
Obliquus Externus Abdominus Iliopsoas
abdomen hip - anterior
Rectus Abdominus Adductor MaQnus Quadratus Lumboru m Rectus Abdominus
241
Rhomboideus Major
(T1 -T4)
Chains starting from the Rhomboideus Major

associated muscles Levator Scapulae Trapezius I nfraspinatus Pectoralis Major Pectoralis Minor
back - mid-thoracic
C hains containing the Rhomboideus Major M uscle

associated muscles Trapezius Rhomboideus Minor Pectoralis Major Serratus Posterior Superior
Trapezius
back - high-thoracic
Serratus Posterior Superior back - mid-thoracic Trapezius
Levator Scapulae Rhomboideus Major Rhomboideus Minor Scalenus Trapezius (contralateral) Scalenus Rhomboideus Major I liocostalis Thoracis Rhomboideus Major Scalenus Trapezius (contralateral)
242
Rhomboideus Minor
(C4-C5)
Chains starting from the Rhomboideus Minor

associated muscles Levator Scapulae Trapezius I nfraspinatus Pectoralis Major Pectoralis M inor
back - high-thoracic back - mid-thoracic
Levator Scapulae Trapezius (TP4,5) Trapezius (TP4) Infraspinatus
back - mid-thoracic
Trapezius (TP3-5) Levator Sca u lae
Chains containing the Rhomboideus Minor M uscle

associated muscles Trapezius Rhomboideus Major Pectoralis Major Serratus Posterior Superior
Trapezius
Levator Scapulae Rhomboideus Major Rhomboideus Minor Scalenus Trapezius (contralateral)
243
Sartorius
lL 1 -L3)
C h ains starting from the Sartorius

associated muscles Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Adductor Magnus Gracilis Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris
hip - anterior thigh - medial thigh - anterior
Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Adductor Magnus Adductor Magnus Gracilis Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Adductor Magnus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis
thigh - medial thigh - anterior
Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Adductor Brevis Adductor Longus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris
Chains containing the Sartorius M uscle

associated muscles Gracilis Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Quadriceps Femoris Vastus I ntermedius Tensor Fasciae Latae
244
Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Intermedius
thigh - anterior
Iliopsoas Sartorius Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Medialis
knee - medial
245
Scalenus
(C4-C8)
Chains starting from the Scalenus

associated muscles Sternocleidomastoideus Trapezius (TP2,3) Splenius Capitis Pectoralis Major Pectoralis Minor Triceps Brachii (caput longum) Brachialis Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Extensor Digitorum (middle finger) Extensor Digitorum (ring finger)
shoulder - anterior shoulder - lateral hand - wrist - radial hand - dorsal side & wrist
Pectoralis Major (clavicular & sternal) Pectoralis Minor Pectoralis Major (clavicular & sternal) Pectoralis Minor Brachialis Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Brachialis Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis
back - high-thoracic arm - anterior
hand - wrist - radial hand - dorsal side & wrist
Trapezius Triceps Brachii Brachialis Pectoralis Major Pectoralis M inor Triceps Brachii Triceps Brachii Extensor Digitorum (middle finger) Extensor Carpi Rad ialis Longus Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Triceps Brachii
246
thorax - anterior
Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Triceps Brachii Pectoral is Minor Extensor DiQitorum (rinQ finQer) Sternocleidomastoideus Pectoralis Major
Chains containing the Scalenus M uscle

associated muscles Sternocleidomastoideus Trapezius Pectoralis Major Pectoralis Minor Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Levator Scapulae Serratus Anterior Serratus Posterior Superior
Trapezius
Serratus Anterior Serratus Posterior Superior Trapezius back - mid-thoracic
Pectoralis Minor thorax - anterior
Levator Scapulae Rhomboideus Major Rhomboideus Minor Scalenus Trapezius (contralateral) Latissimus Dorsi Scalenus Scalenus Rhomboideus Major Iliocostalis Thoracis Rhomboideus Major Scalenus Trapezius (contralateral) Pectoralis Major Sternalis Scalenus
247
Pectoralis Major Pectoralis M inor shoulder - anterior Pectoralis Major Pectoralis Major shoulder - lateral Pectoralis Minor Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus hand - wrist - radial
I nterosseus Dorsalis
fingers - dorsal
Scalenus Sternalis Deltoideus (anterior) Pectoralis Major (clavicular & sternal) Scalenus Coracobrachialis Deltoideus (anterior) Scalenus Coracobrachialis Deltoideus (anterior) Scalenus Subscapularis Deltoideus (anterior) Scalenus Pectoralis Major Extensor Carpi Rad ialis Brevis Scalenus Scalenus Extensor Digitorum (middle finger) Extensor Digitorum (ring finger)
Serratus Posterior Superior Trapezius Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Serratus Anterior
hand - wrist - radial hand - dorsal side & wrist thorax - anterior
Scalenus I liocostalis Thoracis Levator Scapulae Scalenus Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Scalenus Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Scalenus Sternocleidomastoideus Scalenus
248
Semimembranosus
(L5-S2)
C hains starting from the Semimembranosus

associated muscles Adductor Magnus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Quad riceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Quadriceps Femoris Vastus I ntermedius Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris Gastrocnemius Semitend inosus Biceps Femoris I liopsoas Quadratus Lumborum Rectus Abdominis Iliocostalis Thoracis Iliocostalis Lumborum Longissimus Thoracis Multifidus
buttock
Semitendinosus Quadratus Lumborum Iliocostalis Lumborum Longissimus Thoracis Multifidus

thigh - posterior buttock
Biceps Femoris Multifidus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Iliopsoas Multifidus
249
Chains containing the Semimembranosus M u scle

associated muscles Biceps Femoris Semitendinosus Gluteus Maximus Gastrocnemius
Gluteus Maximus buttock Semitendinosus
Gluteus Medius Gluteus Minimis Semitendinosus Semimembranosus Longissimus Thoracis I liocostalis Lumborum Semimembranosus Quadratus Lumborum Iliocostalis Lumborum Longissimus Thoracis Multifidus
Biceps Femoris
knee - posterior
Gastrocnemius
Semimembranosus Semitendinosus Semimembranosus Semitendinosus Biceps Femoris Flexor Digitorum Longus
250
Semispinalis Capitis
(C3-C6)
Chains starting from the Semispinalis C apitis

associated muscles Levator Scapulae Semispinalis Cervicis Splenius Cervicis Sternocleidomastoideus Multifidus (neck)
head - lateral
Splenius Cervicis (UTP) Sternocleidomastoideus
C hains containing the Semispinalis Capitis M uscle

associated muscles
Suboccipital
head - lateral
Semispinalis Capitis Sternocleidomastoideus (Sternal) Trapezius (TP 1)
head - occipital
Semispinalis Capitis Sternocleidomastoideus Splenius Cervicis
251
(C3-C6)
C h ains starting from the Semispinalis Cervicis

associated muscles Multifidus (neck) Splenius Cervicis Semispinalis Capitis Levator Scapulae Sternocleidomastoideus
head - occipital
Semispinalis Capitis Sternocleidomastoideus Splenius Cervicis
C h ains containing the Semispinalis Cervicis M uscle

associated muscles
252
Semitendinosus
(L5-S2)
Chains starting from the Semitendinosus

associated muscles Adductor Magnus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Quad riceps Femoris Vastus Medialis Quadriceps Femoris Vastus I ntermedius Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris Gastrocnemius Semimembranosus Biceps Femoris I liopsoas Quadratus Lumboru m Rectus Abdominis I liocostalis Thoracis I liocostalis Lumborum Longissimus Thoracis Multifidus
buttock
Semimembranosus Quadratus Lumborum Iliocostalis Lumborum Longissimus Thoracis M ultifidus
buttock thigh - posterior
I liopsoas Multifidus Biceps Femoris Multifidus Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis
253
C hains containing the Semitendinosus M uscle

associated muscles Biceps Femoris Semimembranosus Gluteus Maximus Gastrocnemius
Gluteus Maximus buttock Semimembranosus
Gluteus Medius Gluteus Minimis Semitendinosus Semimembranosus Longissimus Thoracis Iliocostalis Lumborum Semitendinosus Quadratus Lumborum Iliocostalis Lumborum Longissimus Thoracis Multifidus
Biceps Femoris
knee - posterior
Gastrocnemius
Semimembranosus Semitendinosus Semimembranosus Semitendinosus Biceps Femoris Flexor Digitorum Longus
254
Serratus Anterior
(C5-C7)
Chains starting from the Serratus Anterior

associated muscles Latissimus Dorsi Scalenus Sternocleidomastoideus
back - mid-thoracic
Latissimus Dorsi Scalenus
thorax - anterior
Sternocleidomastoideus Scalenus
Chains containing the Serratus Anterior M uscle

associated muscles Latissimus Dorsi Pectoralis Ma'or
Latissimus Dorsi
back - mid-thoracic
I liosostalis Thoracis Serratus Anterior Serratus Posterior Superior
Pectoralis Major
elbow epicondylus medialis
Sternalis Serratus Anterior
255
Serratus Posterior Inferior

C hains starting from the Serratus Posterior Inferior
associated muscles
(T9-T12)
C hains containing the Serratus Posterior Inferior Muscle

associated muscles I liocostalis Thoracis Iliocostalis Lumborum Longissimus Thoracis Multifidus (back) Latissimus Dorsi
I liocostalis Thoracis back - low-thoracic Latissimus Dorsi
Latissimus Dorsi Serratus Posterior Inferior l I iosostalis Thoracis Rectus Abdominus Serratus Posterior inferior
Multifidus (back) Longissimus Thoracis Iliocostalis Thoracis back - lumbar
Latissimus Dorsi Serratus Posterior Inferior Latissimus Dorsi Serratus Posterior Inferior Latissimus Dorsi Serratus Posterior Inferior
256

C hains starting from the Serratus Posterior Superior
associated muscles Scalenus Rhomboideus Major Rhomboideus Minor I l iocostalis Thoracis Longissimus Thoracis Multifidus(neck)
(T1 -T4)
back - mid-thoracic
Scalenus Rhomboideus Major I liocostalis Thoracis
Chains containing the Serratus Posterior Superior Muscle

associated muscles Multifidus (back) Longissimus Thoracis Latissimus Dorsi I liocostalis Lumborum I liocostalis Thoracis
I liocostalis Thoracis Latissimus Dorsi back - mid-thoracic
Multifidus(back)
Latissimus Dorsi Serratus Posterior Superior Iliosostalis Thoracis Serratus Anterior Serratus Posterior Superior Latissimus Dorsi Serratus Posterior Superior
257
Soleus
(51 -52)
Chains starting from the Soleus

associated muscles Gastrocnemius Tibialis Posterior Hallucis Longus Flexor Digitorum Longus Gluteus Minimus Tibialis Anterior Extensor Digitorum Longus Extensor Hallucis Longus Peroneus Tertius
Gluteus Minimus Tibialis Posterior Gastrocnemius
leg - posterior (calf) foot - plantar
Flexor Digitorum Longus Gastrocnemius Flexor Digitorum Longus Tibialis Posterior
C hains containing the Soleus Muscle

associated muscles Gastrocnemius Plantaris Peroneus Longus Peroneus Brevis Peroneus Tertius
258
Gastrocnemius Gastrocnemius
leg - posterior (calf) foot - plantar
Soleus Gluteus Minimus Tibialis Posterior Flexor Digitorum Longus Flexor Hallucis Longus Soleus
Plantaris
knee - posterior
Gastrocnemius Gluteus Minimus Soleus
259
Splenius Capitis
(C1 -C8)
C hains starting from the Splenius Capitis

associated muscles Sternocleidomastoideus Trapezius Splenius Cervicis Suboccipital
C h ains containing the Splenius Capitis M uscle

associated muscles Splenius Cervicis . Suboccipital Scalenus
260
Splenius Cervicis
(C1 -C8)
Chains starting from the Splenius Cervicis

associated muscles Sternocleidomastoideus Trapezius Splenius Capitis S u boccipita I
eye neck - posterior
Suboccipital Trapezius (TP 1 ) Suboccipital Sternocleidomastoideus (Sternal)
Chains containing the Splenius Cervicis M uscle

associated muscles Splenius Capitis Suboccipital Sternocleidomastoideus Multifidus (neck) Levator Scapulae
261
M ultifidus(neck) Sternocleidomastoideus
neck - posterior eye
Levator Scapulae Splenius Cervicis Masseter Splenius Cervicis Orbicularis Oculi
Semispinalis Capitis head - lateral Sternocleidomastoideus Semispinalis Cervi cis head - occipital Sternocleidomastoideus
Splenius Cervicis Sternocleidomastoideus Masseter Splenius Cervicis Semispinalis Capitis Sternocleidomastoideus Splenius Cervicis Splenius Cervicis Temporalis Trapezius
262
Sternalis
Chains starting from the Sternalis
associated muscles Sternocleidomastoideus Pectoralis Ma"or
thorax - anterior
Sternocleidomastoideus Pectoralis Ma"or
Chains containing the Sternalis M u scle

associated muscles Pectoralis Major Pectoralis Minor
Pectoralis Minor thorax - anterior Pectoralis Major
Pectoralis Major Sternalis Scalenus Scalenus Sternalis
Pectoralis Major shoulder - anterior Pectoralis Minor Pectoralis Major elbow epicondylus medialis
Sternalis Subscapularis Pectoralis Major Sternalis Sternalis Serratus Anterior
263
(C1 -C2)
C hains starting from the Sternocleidomastoideus

associated muscles Scalenus Trapezius Levator Scapulae Splenius Cervi cis Pectoralis Major Masseter Temporalis Orbicularis Oculi Occipitofrontalis
eye head - lateral
head - frontal
Masseter Splenius Cervicis (UTP) Orbicularis Oculi Trapezius (TP1 ) Temporalis Occi pitofronta I is Masseter Masseter Occipitofrontalis Temporalis
eye head - occipital face - upper cheek
Temporalis (anterior TP) Trapezius (TP 1 ) Splenius Cervi cis Temporalis Trapezius (TP 1 ,2,3) Masseter Temporalis
264
Chains containing the Sternocleidomastoideus M u scle

associated muscles Splenius Cervicis Pectoralis Major Masseter Temporalis Suboccipital Sternalis Splenius Capitis Serratus Anterior Scalenus Pectoralis M inor Multifidus (neck)
Masseter Suboccipital
ear - TMJ
head - lateral Temporalis Temporalis Masseter Masseter head - frontal
Sternocleidomastoideus Pterygoideus Medialis Pterygoideus Lateralis Semispinalis Capitis Sternocleidomastoideus (Sternal ) Trapezius (TP1) Sternocleidomastoideus Trapezius (TP1 ) Masseter Masseter Sternocleidomastoideus Temporalis Sternocleidomastoideus Temporalis Sternocleidomastoideus
265
Masseter Masseter Masseter Temporalis Semispinalis Cervi cis Semispinalis Capitis Splenius Cervi cis Pectoralis Minor Sternalis
face - lower cheek face - u pper cheek eye teeth head - occipital head - lateral neck - posterior
thorax - anterior Scalenus Serratus Anterior
Digastricus Sternocleidomastoideus Pterygoideus Lateralis Pterygoideus Medialis Temporalis (3 ant TPs) Sternocleidomastoideus Temporalis (anterior TP) Sternocleidomastoideus Masseter Sternocleidomastoideus Semispinalis Capitis Sternocleidomastoideus Splenius Cervicis Splenius Cervicis (UTP) Sternocleidomastoideus Suboccipital Sternocleidomastoideus Sternocleidomastoideus Pectoralis Ma jor Sternocleidomastoideus Pectoralis Major Sternocleidomastoideus Pectoralis Major Sternocleidomastoideus Scalenus
266
Suboccipital
(C1 )
C hains starting from the Suboccipital

associated muscles Trapezius Sternocleidomastoideus Splenius Capitis Splenius Cervicis Semispinalis Capitis Semispinalis Cervicis Levator Scapulae Multifidus (neck)
head - lateral
Semispinalis Capitis Sternocleidomastoideus (Sternal ) Trapezius (TP1)
Chains containing the Suboccipital M u scle

associated muscles Splenius Capitis Splenius Cervicis Trapezius
Splenius Cervicis Splenius Cervicis
eye neck - posterior
Suboccipital Trapezius (TP 1) Suboccipital Sternocleidomastoideus (Sternal)
267
Subscapularis
(C5-C8)
C h ains starting from the Subscapularis

associated muscles Teres Major Latissimus Dorsi Pectoralis Major I nfraspinatus Teres Minor Triceps Brachii (caput longum) Deltoideus (posterior)
shoulder - lateral
Deltoideus Teres Major Teres Minor Triceps Brachii Teres Major Pectoralis Major I nfraspinatus Deltoideus
--
shoulder - lateral hand - dorsal side & wrist hand - wrist - radial hand - wrist - ulnar
Teres Minor Latissimus Dorsi Deltoideus Latissimus Dorsi I nfraspinatus Triceps Brachii Triceps Brachii I nfraspinatus Latissimus Dorsi Pectoralis Major Triceps Brachii
268
Chains containing the Subscapu laris M uscle

associated muscles Pectoralis Major Teres Major Teres Minor Latissimus Dorsi Infraspinatus
Teres Major shoulder - posterior Teres Minor Teres Major
Infraspinatus
shoulder - lateral
Pectoralis Major
Deltoideus Subscapularis Teres Minor Triceps Brachii (caput Longum) Deltoideus Subscapularis Supraspinatus Teres Major I nfraspinatus Deltoideus Subscapularis Deltoideus Subscapularis Teres Major Supraspinatus Pectoralis Major Deltoideus Subscapularis Coracobrachialis Scalenus
I nfraspinatus shoulder - anterior Pectoralis Major
Latissimus Dorsi Subscapularis Teres Major Pectoralis Major Sternalis Subscapularis
269
Supinator
(CS-C6)
C hains starting from the Supinator

associated muscles Triceps Brachii Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Anconeus Brachialis Biceps Brachii Palmaris Longus
elbow - epicondylus lateralis elbow - olecranon hand - dorsal side & wrist hand - wrist - radial
Anconeus Extensor Carpi Triceps Brachii Extensor Carpi Triceps Brachii Brachialis Extensor Carpi Extensor Carpi Extensor Carpi Brachialis
Radialis Longus Radialis Longus Radialis Brevis Radialis Longus Radialis Brevis
elbow - antecubital hand - dorsal side & wrist hand - wrist - radial
Brachialis Biceps Brachii Triceps Brachii Extensor Carpi Rad ialis Longus Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Scalenus
C h ains containing the Supinator Muscle

associated muscles Triceps Brachii Extensor Indicis Extensor Digitorum (ring finger) Extensor Digitorum (middle finger) Brachioradialis Brachialis . Biceps Brachii Anconeus
270
Triceps Brachii
Anconeus elbow epicondylus lateralis Brachioradialis
Extensor Digitorum (ring finger) Tric8ps Brachi i Brachialis hand - wrist - radial Brachioradialis Extensor Indicis Brachialis Brachioradialis Extensor Indicis hand - dorsal side & wrist elbow - olecranon
Anconeus Brachioradialis Supinator Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Supinator Triceps Brachii Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Digitorum (ring finger) Supinator Triceps Brachii Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Supi nator Supinator Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Brachioradialis Supinator Adductor Pollicis Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Supinator Supinator Brachi,oradialis Brachioradialis Supinator Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Supinator Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Ulnaris Supinator
Biceps Brachii
elbow - antecubital
Supinator Brachialis
271
Supraspinatus
(C4-C6)
C hains starting from the Supraspinatus

associated muscles I nfraspinatus Trapezius (upper & middle part) Deltoideus Latissimus Dorsi
shoulder - anterior shoulder - posterior shoulder - lateral
Deltoideus I nfraspinatus Trapezius Deltoideus Deltoideus I nfraspinatus
shoulder - lateral elbow - epicondylus lateralis
Deltoideus Latissimus Dorsi Infraspinatus Deltoideus
Chains containing the Supraspinatus M uscle

associated muscles Trapezius Teres M inor I nfraspinatus Deltoideus Coracobrachialis Biceps Brachii
272
Biceps Brachii Coracobrachialis
Deltoideus
shoulder - anterior
Infraspinatus
Trapezius
Teres Minor shoulder - posterior Deltoideus Deltoideus Coracobrachialis shoulder - lateral I nfraspinatus
Coracobrachialis Deltoideus (anterior) Supraspinatus Biceps Brachii Deltoideus (anterior) Supraspinatus Biceps Brachii I nfraspinatus Pectoralis Major (clavicular) Supraspinatus Biceps Brachii Deltoideus (anterior) Pectoralis Major (clavicular & sternal) Supraspinatus Supraspinatus Trapezius (contralateral) Deltoideus (posterior) Subscapularis Supraspinatus Teres Major I nfraspinatus Supraspinatus Teres Major Triceps Brachii (caput longum) Infraspinatus I nfraspinatus Supraspinatus Deltoideus Supraspinatus Deltoideus Supraspinatus Teres Major Subscapularis Pectoralis Major
273
Coracobrachialis Biceps Brachii Coracobrachialis Coracobrachialis
arm - posterior arm - anterior forearm - dorsal hand - wrist - radial
Deltoideus Supraspinatus Triceps Brachii Brachialis Supraspinatus Triceps Brachii Deltoideus Supraspinatus Triceps Brachii Supraspinatus Triceps Brachii
274
Temporalis
Chains starting from the Temporalis
associated muscles Masseter (other side) Pterygoideus Lateralis Pterygoideus Medialis Trapezius Sternocleidomastoideus
head - lateral head - frontal
Sternocleidomastoideus Trapezius (TP 1 ) Masseter Sternocleidomastoideus Masseter
Chains containing the Temporalis M uscle

associated muscles Sternocleidomastoideus Masseter Trapezius Digastricus
275
Masseter teeth Digastricus Sternocleidomastoideus head - lateral Trapezius Masseter Sternocleidomastoideus head - frontal Masseter
Digastricus Temporalis Masseter Temporalis Trapezius (TP1 ) Temporalis Occipitofrontalis Masseter Temporalis Trapezius (contralateral, TP1 ) Occipitofrontalis Temporalis Sternocleidomastoideus Masseter Occipitofrontalis Temporalis Temporalis Sternocleidomastoideus
Masseter Sternocleidomastoideus Masseter
eye
face - upper cheek Sternocleidomastoideus Trapezius head - occipital Sternocleidomastoideus
Temporalis (anterior TP) Sternocleidomastoideus (sternal) Temporalis (anterior TP) Trapezius (TP1) Pterygoideus Lateralis Pterygoideus Medialis Sternocleidomastoideus (sternal) Temporalis Masseter Temporalis Trapezius (contralateral) Temporalis Occipitofrontalis Splenius Cervicis Temporalis Trapezius (TP1 ,2,3)
276
Tensor Fasciae Latae
(L4-S 1 )
Chains starting from the Tensor Fascia L atae

associated muscles Gluteus Minimus (anterior part) Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris I liopsoas Sartorius
Chains containing the Tensor Fascia Latae Muscle

associated muscles I liopsoas Gluteus Minimus Gluteus Medius
Gluteus Minimus Glulteus Medius
thigh - lateral buttock
Gluteus Medius hip - lateral Gluteus Minimus
. Tensor Fasciae Latae Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis Piriformis Gluteus Maximus Gluteus Minimus Tensor Fascia latae Piriformis Gluteus Maximus Tensor Fascia Latae Piriformis Gluteus Maximus Gluteus Medius Quadratus Lumboru m Tensor Fascia Latae Quadriceps Femoris Vastus Lateralis
277
Teres Major
(C6-C7)
C hains starting from the Teres Major

associated muscles Triceps Brachii (caput longum) Latissimus Dorsi Deltoideus (posterior) Teres Minor Subscapularis
shoulder - lateral
Deltoideus Subscapularis Teres Minor Triceps Brachii (caput Longum) Deltoideus Subscapularis
shoulder - lateral arm - lateral
Deltoideus Latissimus Dorsi Teres Minor Deltoideus Teres Minor Triceps Brachii
Chains containing the Teres M ajor M u scle

associated muscles Triceps Brachii Teres Minor Subscapularis Latissimus Dorsi I nfraspinatus Deltoideus
278
Teres M inor
Subscapularis shoulder - posterior Triceps Brachii
Deltoideus
Infraspinatus shoulder - lateral Subscapularis
Deltoideus Subscapularis Supraspinatus Teres Major I nfraspinatus Deltoideus Teres Major Teres Minor Triceps Brachii (caput longum) I nfraspinatus Teres Major Teres Minor Su praspinatus Teres Major Triceps Brachii (caput longum) I nfraspinatus Deltoideus Teres Major Pectoralis Major Subscapularis Supraspinatus Deltoideus Teres Major Pectoralis Major I nfraspinatus
Infraspinatus
shoulder - anterior
Triceps Brachii
arm - posterior
Pectoralis Major Subscapularis Teres Major Latissimus Dorsi Latissimus Dorsi Teres Major Teres Minor
279
Teres Minor
(C5-C6)
C hains starting from the Teres M inor

associated muscles I nfraspinatus Latissimus Dorsi Deltoideus (posterior) Teres Major Subscapularis Supraspinatus Biceps Brachii
Deltoideus (posterior) Subscapularis Supraspinatus Teres Major
Biceps Brachii Latissimus Dorsi
Chains containing the Teres M inor M uscle

associated muscles Teres Major Triceps Brachii Subscapularis ,Pectoralis Major I nfraspinatus
280
Teres Major
shoulder - posterior Subscapularis
Triceps Brachii
Deltoideus Subscapularis Teres M inor Triceps Brachii (caput LonQum) Deltoideus Teres Major Teres Minor Triceps Brachii (caput longum) I nfraspinatus Teres Major Teres M inor
Teres Major Triceps Brachii Teres Major I nfraspinatus
arm - lateral arm - posterior
shoulder - lateral Subscapularis Pectoralis Major
Deltoideus Teres Minor Triceps Brachii Latissimus Dorsi Teres M inor Teres Major Deltoideus Latissimus Dorsi Teres Minor Deltoideus Latissimus Dorsi Teres Minor Deltoideus Latissimus Dorsi Teres M inor Deltoideus Teres Minor
281
Tibialis Anterior
( L4-S 1 )
C h ains starting from the Tibialis Anterior

associated muscles Peroneus Longus Extensor Digitorum Longus Extensor Hallucis Longus
foot - dorsal
Extensor Digitorum Longus Extensor Hallucis Lon us
C h ains containing the Tibialis Anterior M uscle
associated muscles
Extensor Hallucis Longus Soleus
Extensor Digitorum Longus foot - dOrsal Extensor Hallucis Longus
Tibialis Anterior Extensor Hallucis Longus Tibialis Anterior Extensor Digitorum Longus
282
Tibialis Posterior
(L4-LS)
C hains starting from the Tibialis Posterior

associated muscles Flexor Digitorum Longus Flexor Hallucis Longus Peroneus Longus Peroneus Brevis
Chains containing the Tibialis Posterior M uscle

associated muscles Flexor Digitorum Longus Flexor Hallucis Longus Peroneus Longus Peroneus Brevis Peroneus Tertius Soleu Plantaris Gastrocnemius
Soleus leg - posterior (calf) Gastrocnemius
Gluteus Minimus Tibialis Posterior Gastrocnemius Soleus G luteus Minimus Tibialis Posterior
Soleus
foot - plantar
Flexor Digitorum Longus Tibialis Posterior
283
Trapezius
(C2-C4)
C h ains starting from the Trapezius

associated muscles Levator Scapulae Trapezius (contralateral) Supraspinatus Rhomboideus Major Rhomboideus Minor Pectoralis Major Scalenus Temporalis Occipitofrontalis
head - lateral neck - posterior back - high-thoracic
back - mid-thoracic shoulder - posterior
Temporalis Trapezius (contralateral, TP1 ) Occipitofrontalis Levator Scapulae Trapezius (contralateral, TP1 ,2,3) Levator Scapulae Rhomboideus Major Rhomboideus Minor Scalenus Trapezius (contralateral) Rhomboideus Major Scalenus Trapezius (contralateral) Supraspinatus Trapezius (contralateral)
head - occipital shoulder - posterior
Trapezius (contralateral) Temporalis Occipitofrontalis Levator Scapu lae Scalenus
284
C hains containing the Trapezius M uscle

associated muscles Supraspinatus Rhomboideus Major Rhomboideus Minor Pectoralis Major Scalenus Temporalis Suboccipital Sternocleidomastoideus Splenius Cervicis Splenius Capitis Biceps Brachii
Trapezius shoulder - posterior Supraspinatus Rhomboideus Major Rhomboideus Minor back - mid-thoracic Trapezius Rhomboideus Minor back - high-thoracic Trapezius
Trapezius
neck - posterior
Supraspinatus Trapezius (contralateral) Deltoideus (posterior) Trapezius I nfraspinatus I nfraspinatus Trapezius I nfraspinatus Trapezius Rhomboideus Major Scalenus Trapezius (contralateral) Levator Scapulae Trapezius (TP4,5) Levator Scapulae Rhomboideus Major Rhomboideus Minor Scalenus Trapezius (contralateral) Levator Scapulae Trapezius (contralateral, TP1 ,2,3)
285
Suboccipital Sternocleidomastoideus head - lateral Trapezius
Temporalis
Semispinalis Capitis Sternocleidomastoideus (Sternal) Trapezius (TP1 ) Trapezius (TP1 ) Temporalis Occipitofrontalis Masseter Temporalis Trapezius (contralateral, TP1 ) Occi p itofrontal is Sternocleidomastoideus Trapezius (TP1 ) Masseter
Scalenus back - high-thoracic Rhomboideus Minor Sternocleidomastoideus head - occipital Trapezius Sternocleidomastoideus eye Splenius Cervicis back - mid-thoracic
Trapezius Triceps Brachii (caput lonqum) Trapezius Levator Scapulae Splenius Cervi cis Temporalis Trapezius (TP1 ,2 ,3) Trapezius (contralateral ) Temporalis Occipitofrontalis Temporalis (anterior TP) Trapezius (TP1 ) Suboccipital Trapezius (TP1 )
286
Triceps Brachii
(C6-C8)
Chains starting from the Triceps Brachii

associated muscles Latissimus Dorsi Teres Major Teres Minor Anconeus Supinator Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus
shoulder - posterior elbow - epicondylus lateral is
elbow - olecranon
Teres Major Teres Minor Anconeus Brachioradialis Supinator Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Supinator Extensor Carpi Rad ialis Longus
arm - posterior
Teres Major Teres Minor Latissimus Dorsi
Chains containing the Triceps Brachii M uscle

associated muscles Teres Major Supinator Subscapularis Scalenus Latissimus Dorsi Deltoideus Coracobrachialis Brachioradialis Biceps Brachii Anconeus
287
Teres Major
S ubscapularis
Deltoideus Coracobrachialis Supinator arm - posterior elbow - olecranon
Anconeus
Brachioradialis elbow epicondylus lateralis Supinator
Deltoideus (posterior) Subscapularis Teres Minor Triceps Brachii Deltoideus (posterior) Teres Major Teres Minor Triceps Brachii I nfraspinatus Supraspinatus Teres Major Triceps Brachii I nfraspinatus Supraspinatus Triceps Brachii Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Triceps Brachii Brachioradialis Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Supinator Triceps Brachii Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Digitorum (ring finger) Supinator Triceps Brachii Anconeus Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Triceps Brachii
288
Scalenus Scalenus
arm - anterior Biceps Brachii
Teres Major Coracobrachialis Coracobrachialis Coracobrachialis Brachioradialis Subscapularis
arm - lateral arm - posterior forearm - dorsal
Scalenus
Subscapularis hand - wrist - ulnar Scalenus
Subscapularis hand - dorsal side & wrist Supinator
Trapezius Triceps Brachii Brachialis Pectoralis Major Pectoralis M inor Triceps Brachii Brachialis Supraspinatus Triceps Brachii Deltoideus Deltoideus Teres Minor Triceps Brachii Deltoideus Triceps Brachii Supraspinatus Triceps Brachii Supraspinatus Triceps Brachii Triceps Brachii Extensor Digitorum (middle finger) Triceps Brachii Infraspinatus Triceps Brachii Extensor Digitorum (middle finger) Extensor Carpi Rad ialis LonQus Latissimus Dorsi Pectoralis Major Triceps Brachii Triceps Brachii Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Pectoralis M inor Extensor Digitorum (ring finger) Latissimus Dorsi I nfraspinatus Triceps Brachii
Triceps Brachii Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus
289
Scalenus I nterosseus Dorsalis 1 &2
hand - dorsal side & wrist fingers - dorsal
Triceps Brachii Extensor Carpi Radialis Lonqus Latissimus Dorsi Triceps Brachii Flexor Pollicis Longus Extensor I ndicis
290
Chapter 6 Appendix
291
Abreviations
UTP LTP TMJ SIJ TP Tps ant post med lat mid C T L S
Upper Trigger Point Lower Trigger Point Temporo Mandibular Joint Sacro Iliacal Joint Trigger Point Trigger Points anterior posterior medial lateral middle Cervical Vertebra Thoracal Vertebra Lumbar Vertebra Sacral Vertebra
292

Myofascial Muscle Chains - P. Jonckheere, Et Al., (Trigger, 1998) WW

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Myofascial Muscle Chains - P. Jonckheere, Et Al., (Trigger, 1998) WW

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

61 pain regions according to focality and radiation.

P. Face - Upper Cheek & Jaw ...... . . . .. .. .... . 12

Face - Lower Cheek & Jaw . Eye

Head - Occipital Head - Vertex Neck - Posterior

Shoulder Posterior Shoulder Lateral

Upperarm Posterior Upperarm Lateral

Thigh - Posterior Knee - Posterior

Leg - Posterior (calf)

Ankle - Malleolus Externus Foot - Plantar

15 19 23 24 25 27 30 31 34 37 39 43 46 51 53 54 56 57 60 61 62 63 66 71 73 78 80 87 89 92 94 95 99 1 00 102 104 105 106 108

Peter Jonckheere Jan Pattyn

MYOFASCIAL MUSCLE CHAINS

Trigger vzw Weidestraat Belgium

234 8310 Brugge

Printed in Belgium - All rights reserved. ISBN

MYOFASCIAL MUSCLE CHAINS

THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK

Chapter 1 : Practical Working Method

Chapter 4 : Myofascial Chains in function of the pain region

Shoulder - Anterior Shoulder - Lateral

71 73 75 76 78 79 80 85 87 89 92 94 95 97 99 100 101 102 104 105 106 107 108 110 90

Ankle - Malleolus Internus Foot - Plantar Foot - Dorsal

Chapter 5 : Myofascial Muscle Chains per muscle

119 122 124 125 128 132 130

196 199 201 202 204 205 206 207 208

Piriformis Plantaris Popliteus

251 252 253 255 256 258 257

261 263 264 267 268 270 272

275 277 278 280 283 284 287 282

Teres Minor Tibialis Anterior Tibialis Posterior Triceps Brachii Trapezius

Kris Demanet, M.D.

THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK

THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK

divided into 61 pain regions according to

3. Classification of the development of myofascial muscle chains departing

4. Classification of the myofascial muscle chains where a well-defined

Chapter 1 Practical working-method

Procedure chapter 4 region

muscle chains according to their pain

primary m uscle chain

minimum 3 muscles that cause focal pain.

secondary m uscle chain

minimum 3 that cause referred pain.

e.g. patient complains of pain in the neck.

TP that provokes the recognizable pain when palpated.

association m uscle chain

a muscle chain that only consists of muscles that

from their muscle in dysfunction develop TPs in associated muscles.

This schedule shows that the M.Multifidus has 5 associative muscles.

Sternocleidomastoideus Trapezius Splenius Capitis Suboccipital

Suboccipital Sternocleidomastoideus (Sternal)

procedure Chapter 5 muscle

the muscle chains of each particular

Secundary associated chains

Trapezius (contralateral) Temporalis Occipitofrontalis Levator Scapulae Scalenus

Chains in which Trapezius is involved

Primary associated chains

(contralateral, TP1,2,3) Semispinalis Capitis Sternocleidomastoideus (Sternal) Trapezius (TP1)

Secundary associated chains ...

Trapezius (TP 1 ,2,3)

Myofascia/ Muscle Chains

Direct myofasciaJ muscle chain