UNIT Managing workplace hazards, and

consultation in the workplace

Aim
This unit of work aims to provide students with an understanding of: o o o o o how to identify a workplace hazard how to assess the risk of the hazard occurring how to implement measures for controlling hazards the role and responsibilities of health and safety representatives and committees the importance of consultation in the workplace.

Outcomes
On completion of this unit of work, students will be able to: o define what a hazard is and be able to identify a workplace hazard o explain what risk management is and conduct a risk assessment activity o understand the measures that can be implemented to control the risks in a workplace o explain the role and responsibilities of health and safety representatives and OH committees. o understand the importance of consultation in the workplace

Unit outline
Topic !orkplace hazards and risk management Content o !hat is a hazard" o Hazard identification and risk assessment o #isk management o Hazard control in the workplace o The working environment The role and responsibilities of health and safety committees and representatives o (onsultation in the workplace o The role of the health and safety representative Related Activities o $ctivity %: &dentifying hazards and risk management o $ctivity ': (ase studies o afety )irst or *xpect the !orst: $ctivities %+ and %%

o $ctivity ,: The OH $ct ,+++ -!orksheet %, ,.

o The role of the health and safety committee

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!hat is a hazard"
The Occupational Health and afety #egulation ,++% defines a hazard as 2anything -including work practices or procedures. that has the potential to harm the health or safety of a person3. Hazards can be grouped into five broad areas: o physical eg. noise, radiation, light, vibration o chemical eg. poisons, dusts o biological eg. viruses, plants, parasites o mechanical4electrical eg. slips, trips and falls, tools, electrical e5uipment o psychological eg. fatigue, violence, bullying. Hazards can arise from: o the work environment o the use of machinery and substances o poor work design o inappropriate systems and procedures *xamples of workplace hazards include: o manual handling e.g pushing, pulling, carrying, lifting o work environment e.g. floor surfaces, noise, temperature o machinery o heat e.g. burns and scalds o electricity e.g. electrocution o harassment e.g. bullying and4or violence o hazardous substances e.g. chemicals, fumes o biological waste o skin penetrating in6uries e.g. knife or syringe in6uries o noise o confined space #ecognising the hazards in a workplace and taking steps to eliminate or control the hazard ensures the safety and well being of all employees. &t is easier and more effective to eliminate or control the hazard before serious in6uries result. The Occupational Health and afety #egulation ,++% states that an employer must eliminate any reasonably foreseeable risk to the health and safety of employees and others in the workplace and if this is not practicable must control the risk. Hazards can be dealt with by: o eliminating the hazard o changing the e5uipment or materials o changing work methods o using personal protection e5uipment -11*. -as a last resort.

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(Source: WorkCover, NSW)

#azard identi$ication and risk assessment

There are a number of ways hazards can be identified in the workplace. These include: o workplace inspections o consultation between employees and employers o monitoring in6ury and illness records o health and environment monitoring o recording complaints o observation Once a hazard has been identified, you can then assess how dangerous it is by asking: o How likely is it that the hazard may cause an in6ury or illness to someone" o How severe will the in6ury or illness be" The answers to these 5uestions will help in assessing, controlling or eliminating the hazard. The level of risk will determine the priority assigned to its elimination or control. #isk is the probability that harm might come to a person. &t is a measure of how likely an in6ury or illness is when a hazard exists. #isk assessment is the process used to determine the likelihood that people may be exposed to in6ury, illness or disease in the workplace arising from any situation identified during the hazard identification process. #ow likel% is it to happen" o &t could happen any time 7 very likely o &t could happen sometime 7 likely o &t could happen but very rarely 8 unlikely o &t could happen but probably never happen 8 very unlikely #ow &ad is it likel% to &e" o 9ill or cause permanent in6ury o (ause long term illness or serious in6ury o (ause someone to need medical attention o (ause someone to need first aid !ork(over provides a #isk $ssessment 0atrix to assist in the assessment of hazards in the workplace. -Over page. Hazards can be rated on a scale of % to : using the risk assessment matrix. o % is high risk o : is low risk Once a hazard has been identified and the risk assessed, suitable control measures should be put in place to eliminate the risk to employees3 health and safety.

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(Source: Hazpak: Making Your Workplace Safer, WorkCover NSW)

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The risk assessment matri'

() #ow severel% could it hurt someone" OR #ow ill could it make someone" .... /ill or cause permanent disa&ilit% or ill health ... ,ong term illness or serious in0ur% Medical attention and several da%s o$$ work 1irst aid needed

) #ow likel% is it to &e that &ad"

**
+er% likel% (ould happen any time

*
,ikel% (ould happen some time

Unlikel% Could happen, but very rarely

-+er% unlikel% Could happen, but probably never will

% %
,
'

%
,
'
;

,
'
;
<

'
;
<

..

(Source: Hazpak: Making Your Workplace Safer, !ork(over = ! )

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!hat is risk management"

#isk management is introduced to control workplace hazards and so reduce the risk of an in6ury or illness occurring. *mployers need to develop a risk management policy so risks in the workplace can be controlled or eliminated. #isk management involves: o Identifying the hazard 9now what the dangers are in the workplace. 9eep records of accidents and in6uries, conduct safety inspections of the workplace and list all plant and hazardous substances. o Assessing the risk >etermine what the risk is that someone may be in6ured. $ssess how likely it is that a hazardous event will occur and what the conse5uences are likely to be. o Controlling the risk &mplement measures to prevent in6ury or illness. )irst try to eliminate the risk. &f this is not possible, the risk should be minimised using substitution, modifications, isolation or engineering controls. ?ack7up controls such as personal protective e5uipment should only be used as a last resort. o Monitoring and improving the workplace (ontrol measures should be reviewed to maintain their effectiveness and further refine the process. &f elimination of the hazard is not possible, then the risk still exists and should be minimised by using the most effective method, using the following, in order: o substituting the system of work or machinery with something safer o isolating the hazard o minimising the risk by introducing engineering controls eg. guard rail, scaffolding o minimising the risk by adopting administrative controls eg. warning signs, safe work practices, 6ob rotation, training o using personal protective e5uipment eg. safety glasses, ear muffs. &f no single control is sufficient, a combination of the above controls needs to be put in place to minimise the risk to the lowest level that is reasonably practical. The measures at the fourth and fifth levels are less effective, and re5uire more fre5uent reviews of the hazards and systems of work.
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(Source: Risk Manage en! a! Work: "uide #$$%, WorkCover NSW)

#azard control in the workplace

#ierarch% o$ hazard controls To ensure a safe workplace, hazards must be controlled using a range of methods. The hierarchy of hazard controls is a list, in order of preference, which can be considered in hazard control. &t emphasises controlling a hazard at the source. This is done by giving preference to the use of the Aengineering controlsA as listed below. !here possible, the ideas listed below should be used because they are less likely to be affected by human failure and because they are less disruptive and uncomfortable for people working in the area. !hichever method is used, the effectiveness of the control measure used should be monitored regularly. 2ngineering Controls o Design. Try to ensure that hazards are Adesigned outA when new materials, e5uipment and work systems are being planned for the workplace. o Remove the hazard or Su stitute less hazardous materials, e5uipment or substances. o Adopt a safer process. $lterations to tools, e5uipment or work systems can often make them much safer. o !nclose or isolate the hazard through the use of guards or remote handling techni5ues. o "rovide effective ventilation through local or general exhaust ventilation systems. Administrative Controls o !sta lish appropriate Administrative "rocedures such as: 6ob rotation to reduce exposure or boredom, or timing the 6ob so that fewer workers are exposed routine maintenance and housekeeping procedures training on hazards and correct work procedures. 3ersonal 3rotective 24uipment o "rovide suitable and properly maintained "ersonal "rotective !#uipment -11*. and training in its use. (Source: http://www.workcover.nsw.gov.au/Publications/OHS/Hazards/hazardhierarchy.htm)
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2'amples o$ common hazards

The table below shows examples of typical problems created by workplace hazards and some in6uries and illnesses that can result. &ndividual workplaces may have hazards other than those listed below.

#A5AR6 Manual handling 1alls 2lectricit%

T73ICA, 3RO8,2M9 Overexertion4#epetitive movement )alls from heights, slips and trips on uneven surfaces (ontact with electrical current

T73ICA, IN:UR7;I,,N299 R2<UIRIN= 1IR9T AI6 prains, strains, fractures )ractures, bruises, cuts, dislocations, concussion hock, burns, loss of consciousness, cardiac arrest (uts, bruises, dislocations, fractures, amputation, eye damage >izziness, vomiting, dermatitis, respiratory problems, burns to skin or eyes unburn, frostbite, heat stress, heat stroke, hypothermia evere allergic reaction, in6uries, skin rash, infection =ausea, shock, collapse, physical in6uries

3lant

?eing hit by pro6ectiles, striking ob6ects, being caught in machinery, overturning vehicles *xposure to chemicals, e.g. solvents, acids, hydrocarbons

#azardous su&stances

Temperature, U+ radiation

*ffects of heat or cold from weather or work environment $llergens, needle stick, exposure to infectious agents &ntimidation, conflict, physical assault

8iological

Occupational violence

(Source: &irs! 'id in !(e Workplace: "uide #$$%, WorkCover, NSW)

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The working environment

*mployers also have obligations in relation to the working environment. The re5uirements relate to: o !orking space provide sufficient working space to allow people to work safely ensure that floors and surfaces are constructed and maintained to minimise the possibility of slips, trips and falls ensure that people are able to move about a place of work safely and unhindered. o ,ighting provide ade5uate lighting to allow workers to work safely, move safely, and enter and exit the workplace safely -including from emergency exits. ensure that there is not excessive glare or reflection ensure that lighting allows persons who are not workers to move safely within the place of work. o #ot and cold working environments provide ade5uate ventilation and air movement in indoor environments that may become hot provide ade5uate access to heated or sheltered areas and warm clothing or other personal protective e5uipment if employees are exposed to cold provide appropriate work and rest regimes relative to physical fitness, general health, medication taken and body weight appropriate for both hot and cold working environments. o Noise management not allow exposure to noise levels that exceed an eight7hour noise e5uivalent of B< d?-$. or peak at more than %;+ d?-(.. o Other o&ligations fire prevention, electricity, confined spaces, manual handling , atmosphere ventilation, working at heights.

(Source: WorkCover, NSW)

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Consultation with workers in workplace health and sa$et%

(onsultation is defined in the Occupational Health and afety $ct ,+++ as the sharing of relevant information on occupational health and safety where employees are given the opportunity to express their views and contribute in a timely fashion to resolution of occupational health and safety issues - ec %;.. (onsultation means that employees3 views are valued and taken into account by the business. (onsultation needs to be a two7way communication that allows for employees to contribute to the decision7making which affects their health, safety and welfare. (onsultation is not the same as negotiation. *mployers must consult with their employees in the following situations: o when determining how the consultation process will take place o in the assessment of risks and the review of risk assessments previously conducted o when making decisions on the control of OH risks in the workplace o during the introduction or change of procedures used for monitoring risks, for example health surveillance o when making decisions about the ade5uacy of welfare facilities o when proposed changes are made to premises, work methods, plant or substances which may affect the health, safety or welfare of employees at work o when making decisions about consultation procedures o as prescribed by the #egulations from time to time.

Training /nder the OH #egulation ,++%, employers are re5uired to provide specified induction training to each new employee -(lause %'-%.. as well as ensure that any person who may be exposed to a risk to health and safety at the workplace is informed of the risk, and is provided with any information, instruction and training necessary to ensure their health and safety -(lause %'-,... !ork experience and work placement students should receive information and any training necessary from the host employer to ensure their safety. The employer must also provide persons in its organisation who have training and information responsibilities with all available information necessary to enable them to fulfil those responsibilities -(lause %'-'...

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T%pes o$ consultation arrangements The OH $ct ,+++ re5uires employers to adopt an OH consultation arrangement to assist with meeting their duty to consult. The OH $ct provides three options: o an OH (ommittee comprised of employer and employee representatives o OH #epresentatives elected by employees o other $greed $rrangements agreed to between the employer and their employees Through consultation, employers can become more aware of hazards and OH issues experienced by employees. *mployees can provide suggestions about how to solve health and safety problems. *mployee participation enables the employee to contribute to determining how the work can be undertaken safely. Training must be provided to committee members or representatives, and records of training must be kept for three years after the end of their employment. #egardless of the type of consultation arrangement introduced in an organisation, it must be agreed upon by both the employees and management. Occupational health and sa$et% committees $n OH (ommittee can be formed where: o there are ,+ or more employees and the ma6ority re5uest it o a !ork(over inspector directs it o where the business decides it would be useful to have one. The (ommittee membership must contain a balance of employers and employees and the number of employers must not exceed the number of employees. The term for a committee is two years. Occupational health and sa$et% representatives OH #epresentative4s could be useful for small businesses, or where there are several work locations, and can be formed when: o at least one employee re5uests it o !ork(over directs it o the business believes it would be appropriate $ representative3s term is for two years.
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OH committees and representatives have the following responsibilities: %. 9eep under review the measures taken to ensure the health, safety and welfare of persons at the place of work ,. &nvestigate any matter that poses a risk '. $ttempt to resolve a matter ;. #e5uest an investigation by an inspector <. (onsult with a !ork(over inspector and accompany them on an inspection if re5uired &n addition to the functions set out in the OH $ct, the OH #egulation provides that OH #epresentatives have the following functions: o To assist in the development of arrangements for recording hazards and accidents to promote improved health and safety o To make recommendations on their training needs as an OH #epresentative o To make recommendations on the OH training of employees

(Source: )HS Consul!a!ion: Code of *rac!ice #$$% + WorkCover, )ccupa!ional Heal!( and Safe!y 'c! #$$$, )ccupa!ional Heal!( and Safe!y Regula!ion #$$%)

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7oung workers guide to a sa$e work place

O#T

Tips $or %oung workers

o Take responsi&ilit% $or %our own sa$et% o /eep %oursel$ and others sa$e o ,isten to advice, instruction and act on it o /now what to look $or when entering a new or di$$erent workplace o /now what 4uestions to ask a&out the 0o& o No $ooling around > %ou are not immortal.

A9/ %our supervisor

o !hat are the dangers o$ m% 0o&" o !hat are the hazards" o 9hould I have an% 0o& sa$et% training" o 6o I need an% personal protective e4uipment" o !hat training is needed on how to use m% 332" o !here are the $irst aid $acilities" o !ho is the $irst aid person" o !hat do I do i$ I get in0ured" o !here are the $ire e'tinguishers" o !here are the emergenc% e'its" o #ow will I know i$ there is an emergenc%" o !hat should I do in an emergenc%" o !ho do I go to in the workplace i$ I have a health or sa$et% 4uestion"
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Managing workplace hazards

9tudent Activit% (? Identi$%ing hazards and risk management
$nswer the following 5uestions. %. Dist ' hazards that you may find in each of the following workplaces: a. Office

b. Hotel

c. )actory

d. )arm

e.

?uilding site

,. Dist in6uries that may result from each of the following hazards: a. 0anual handling

b. =oise

c. Hazardous substances

'. (omplete the attached worksheet on hazards in your school.

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#azards, Risks and Controls !orksheet

(omplete the following worksheet using your school as an example. Dist hazards you have observed in different areas of the school. >escribe the risks associated with each hazard. uggest ways that the risks associated with the hazard may be controlled. 1laces to observe may include computer rooms, the kitchens, industrial arts rooms, the library, the front office, classrooms, the playground

#azard @pro&lemA
Eanything that can lead to someone developing an illness or being in6uredF

Risk @harmA
Ethe potential to cause harm to people or propertyF

Controls @solutionA
E*liminate, change the e5uipment or materials, change work methods, use personal protectionF (hange work practice to ensure correct procedures are followed.

*xample: 0anual Handling

0uscle strain ?ack in6uries

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Consultation in the workplace

9tudent Activit% ? The Occupational #ealth and 9a$et% Act BBB !orksheet (

=o to the we&site: http?;;www)austlii)edu)au;au;legis;nsw;consolCact;ohasa BBB DE; (lick on Item (E 8 >uty of employer to consult in 1art , 7 >uties #elating To Health, afety $nd !elfare $t !ork, >ivision , 8 >uty to consult. ection %' deals with the re5uirement for the employer to consult or discuss with employees any issues related to health and safety, allowing employees the chance to contribute to any decisions that are made on health, safety and welfare. #ead the information and answer the following: %. !hy must an employer consult with or discuss health and safety issues with employees"

,. !hat are the maximum penalties for those employers who fail to consult with employees"

'. How does an employer consult with employees on health and safety issues" -=ote: Gou will need to refer to &tem %: to help you answer this..

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The Occupational #ealth and 9a$et% Act BBB - !orksheet

=o to the we&site? http?;;www)austlii)edu)au;au;legis;nsw;consolCact;ohasa BBB DE; (lick on Item (F 7 )unctions of OH committees and OH representatives in 1art , 7 >uties #elating To Health, afety $nd !elfare $t !ork, >ivision , 8 >uty to consult. Occupational #ealth and 9a$et% Committee) &f an employer employs twenty or more people and the ma6ority of employees re5uest the establishment of a Occupational Health and afety (ommittee then a committee must be established. Occupational #ealth and 9a$et% Representatives $n Occupational Health and afety #epresentative must be elected for the purpose of consultation if at least one employee makes this re5uest. #ead through the details on this web page and list the three main functions of Occupational Health and afety (ommittees.

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Case 9tudies > workplace hazards

9tudent Activit% E
#ead the case studies provided and answer the 5uestions that follow each case study. Case 9tud% (? 6emolition compan% $ined GDH,BBB $ollowing accident The lack of clear instructions and proper supervision in the dangerous business of demolition lay at the core of a breach of the Occupational Health and afety $ct that resulted in a H@<,+++ fine being imposed on >elta 1ty Dtd in the &ndustrial #elations (ommission. This conclusion by Iustice ?oland in the case that led to two workers sustaining serious in6uries after a building collapsed sent a clear safety message to all demolition operators, the $cting Jeneral 0anager of !ork(over = ! said today. &n %CC@ the defendant was contracted to demolish a number of buildings on the )ox tudio premises in ydney. On '+ 0ay one of the buildings was being demolished in a method known as controlled collapse. Two employees of the defendant were on a scissor lift cutting timber purlins inside the building when the structure collapsed, toppling the lift. One worker sustained a compound fracture to one arm, in6uries to the liver, fractured ribs and a fractured pelvis. The other employee suffered a fractured pelvis, loss of several teeth, and in6uries to his tendon, cheek and mouth. The court heard that hinge cuts and rust in several of the building3s steel supports had weakened the structure and contributed to its collapse. Iustice ?oland said that the absence of the demolition supervisor as approved by the defendant3s state manager, and his replacement with someone who was not experienced enough for such a dangerous operation, was a serious error of 6udgement in respect of the defendant3s responsibilities under the Occupational Health and afety $ct. (Source: WorkCover 'u!(ori!y of NSW)

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Case 9tud% ( <uestions

%. How many employees were in6ured in the accident"

,. &dentify the hazard in the article above.

'. Dist the factors that contributed to the accident.

;. Dist some control measures that could have been used to prevent the accident.

<. !hy was the employer held responsible for the accident"

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Case 9tud% : !orkCover protects %oung emplo%ees ( :anuar% BB( !ork(over = ! today launched a H%.@million public education campaign targeted specifically at the health and safety of young workers. KGoung people are particularly vulnerable to workplace in6ury because of their inexperience,K said the (hairperson of the ?oard of !ork(over, the Hon Ioe #iordan, $O. 0r. #iordan launched the campaign at the =ewcastle !orkers (lub accompanied by local 1aralympian Heath )rancis, who is sponsored by !ork(over. Heath was in6ured in a workplace accident at the age of seven. K*mployers must be aware of their legal obligation to provide a safe workplace for all their employees, but we are reminding them to pay special attention to the needs of young workers,K said 0r. #iordan. KOver B,;++ workers under the age of ,< were in6ured at their place of employment in =ew outh !ales in the %CCB4CC period,K he said. K&n this same period, nine young workers were tragically killed at work, in accidents that could have been prevented. K ome of these people were on their first day at work. K&t3s simply unacceptable,K 0r. #iordan said. The public education campaign, consisting of television and radio commercials, has been designed to graphically illustrate that there is no substitute for proper training and supervision to ensure safety in the workplace. K)rom the very first day a young person begins a 6ob, they must be trained to do that 6ob with safety as the prime consideration,K 0r. #iordan said. KThe Occupational Health and afety $ct provides penalties of up to HB@<,+++ for employers who fail to maintain a safe working environment. KToo often we see employers taking steps to operate safely after an accident occurs. KThe tate Jovernment and !ork(over are committed to ensuring this changes. *ducation is one of the most powerful forms of intervention in the area of work safety,K 0r. Riordan said.
As well as the television and radio campaign, WorkCover NSW has already distributed ree to all high schools and !A"# colleges, multi$media kits in orming young people o occupational health and sa ety issues be ore they start work. %&ur young people deserve no less than to work in a culture o sa ety,% 'r. Riordan said.

(Source: WorkCover 'u!(ori!y of NSW #$$$)

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Case 9tud%

<uestions

%. !hy are young people vulnerable to workplace in6uries"

,. !hat must an employer provide to young workers"

'. How many young workers were in6ured in = ! in the period %CCB4%CCC"

;. How many young people were killed in the same period"

<. !hat does the education campaign launched by !ork(over = ! consist of"

:. !hat penalty applies to employers who fail to provide a safe workplace"

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,aws that protect workplace health and sa$et%

9tudent Activit% I? Roles and Responsi&ilities in the !orkplace

Outcomes?

tudents will be able to: o demonstrate an awareness that each section of the workplace has legal responsibilities in regard to Occupational Health and afety o recognise and distinguish between the duties and responsibilities of the employer the employee the OH committee and OH representative the !ork(over inspector

Resources?
o Overhead transparencies: &nstructions to students uggested answers o $ctivity cards 8 set of ;+ cards with each card having a role or responsibility of one of the various groups. One set for each group. Teachers will need to prepare these cards. $ master card sheet is supplied for photocopying. o ; boards 8 one for each group: employer employee health and safety representative !ork(over inspector

Activit% Outline?
o >ivide the class into groups of ' or ;. o *ach group should have a set of ;+ cards and a set of ; boards with headings of employer, employee, heath and safety representative, !ork(over inspector. o tudents in each group are to discuss the role or responsibility printed on each card. tudents decide which group has the responsibility printed on the card. o tudents place the card on the board that matches the responsibility with the workplace group responsible.

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ACTI+IT7 I IN9TRUCTION9 TO 9TU62NT9

Gou are to work in groups of ' to ;. 0ake sure you have a set of ;+ cards and a set of ; boards. Take each card and discuss with the other members in your group who you think has responsibility for that role, i.e is it the employer, the employee, the health and safety representative or the !ork(over inspector" 1lace the card on the appropriate board so that the role4responsibility matches the workplace group responsible.

<uestions $or %ou to answer?

%. !hat do you notice about the number of cards on each board" ,. !ho has the greater number of responsibilities in occupational health and safety issues" '. !hat are the three most important factors you have learned, about your role and responsibility in the workplace"

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Card set > roles and responsi&ilities

1rovide a safe working environment 1rovide and maintain safe plant -machinery, e5uipment. &dentify, access and eliminate risks 1rovide information on workplace hazards Take care of the health and safety of yourself and others Talk to employer about health or safety hazards (o7operate with employer on safety and health matters #eport any incident, accident or near miss ?e paid time to attend OHL courses approved by !ork(over ?e consulted about any proposed changes to the workplace &nvestigate any matter that may be a risk $ttempt to resolve any workplace safety issues. &nvestigate any suspected breach of OH legislation (arry out medical examinations with the employee3s consent #estrict access to or dismantle things on the premises #e5uire any person to answer 5uestions 1rovide supervision so employees can work safely *stablish a health and safety committee 1rovide first 8 aid facilities Tidy or remove any tripping hazards in your workplace. 0ust not prevent aid to an in6ured worker

1rovide amenities -drinking water, washrooms etc. 1rovide protective #egulate the e5uipment and speed and clothing fre5uency of work 1rovide guards on dangerous machines 1rovide storage areas for e5uipment *nsure a safe system of work #e5uest a !orkcover &nspector investigation $ccompany a !orkcover &nspector during an inspection $ccompany an employee, if re5uested, during an interview on an OH matter

1rovide clean and /se e5uipment tidy work areas for its intended use 1rovide ventilation systems for dust removal 1rovide appropriate training and instruction 1rovide information and training on chemicals (orrectly use protective e5uipment4 clothing #ead safety information and follow safety rules Take care to use e5uipment safely

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!hat is a hazard"

O#T

o An%thing @including work practices or proceduresA that has the potential to harm the health or sa$et% o$ a person)

T%pes o$ hazards?
ph%sical eg) noise, radiation, light, vi&ration chemical eg) poisons, dusts &iological eg) viruses, plants, parasites mechanical;electrical eg) slips, trips and $alls, tools, electrical e4uipment o ps%chological eg) $atigue, violence, &ull%ing o o o o

#azards can arise $rom?

o o o o the work environment the use o$ machiner% and su&stances poor work design inappropriate s%stems and procedures

Control hazards &%?

o o o o o !orkplace inspections Consultation Monitoring in0ur% and illness records Recording complaints O&servation

6ealing with hazards?

o 2liminate the hazard o Change the e4uipment or materials o Change work methods
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o Use personal protection e4uipment @332A

Risk management
o Identi$% the hazard

O#T

/now what the dangers are in the workplace) /eep records o$ accidents and in0uries, conduct sa$et% inspections o$ the workplace and list all plant and hazardous su&stances)

o Assess the risk

6etermine what the risk is that someone ma% &e in0ured) Assess how likel% it is that a hazardous event will occur and what the conse4uences are likel% to &e)

o Control the risk

Implement measures to prevent in0ur% or illness) 1irst tr% to eliminate the risk) I$ this is not possi&le, the risk should &e minimised using su&stitution, modi$ications, isolation or engineering controls) 8ack-up controls such as personal protective e4uipment should onl% &e used as a last resort)

o Monitor and improve the workplace

Control measures should &e reviewed to maintain their e$$ectiveness and $urther re$ine the process)

/nit ,: 0anaging workplace hazards, and consultation in the workplace

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#ierarch% o$ Control

O#T

I$ eliminating a hazard is not possi&le, then?

o 9u&stitute

o Isolate

o Minimise > 2ngineering

o Minimise > Administrative

o 332

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Roles and Responsi&ilities

!OR/CO+2R IN932CTOR9

O#T

Investigate an% suspected &reach o$ the occupational health and sa$et% legislation)

OCCU3ATIONA, #2A,T# AN6 9A12T7 COMMITT229 AN6 R23R292NTATI+29 o /eep under review the measures taken to ensure health and sa$et% o Investigate an% matter that poses a risk o Attempt to resolve a health and sa$et% issue o Re4uest an investigation &% a !orkCover inspector o Consult with a !orkCover inspector and accompan% them on an investigation, i$ re4uired
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2M3,O72R Must o o o o o o o o o o o o o 3rovide a sa$e working environment 3rovide a sa$e s%stem o$ work 3rovide proper training and in$ormation Identi$% hazards, assess the risks and eliminate or control the risks 3rovide supervision 9uppl% personal protective e4uipment and clothing Consult with emplo%ees 3rovide amenities 3rovide $irst aid $acilities and personnel 3rovide $or emergencies 2nsure O#9 committee mem&ers and representatives are trained Not victimise or unlaw$ull% dismiss an emplo%ee Not charge emplo%ees $or things done 2M3,O722 o Must take reasona&le care $or the health and sa$et% o$ people who are at their place o$ work o Must co-operate with their emplo%er or other person o Must noti$% the emplo%er or supervisor o$ an% risk to health and sa$et% o Must not deli&eratel% create a risk to health and sa$et% o Must not inter$ere with or misuse things provided $or health, sa$et% and wel$are o Must not hinder aid to an in0ured worker o Must not re$use assistance in either receiving aid or giving aid o Must not disrupt the workplace &% creating health or sa$et% $ears
Note? 9tudents in the workplace should also $ollow these guidelines to ensure the sa$et% o$ themselves and others)
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