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Ly/Lx > 2
Beam with one way slab will support half of the load from slab.
Load on beam,
AB = CD
w = nLx/2 kN/m
Ly
AC = BD
w=0
Lx
Ly/Lx 2
Two methods can be used to calculate the load from two way slab to beam which is Estimation Method
and Shear Force Coefficient from Table 3.15 BS 8110.
Load on beam,
AC = BD
w = nLx/3 (kN/m)
Lx
AB = CD
(kN/m)
Ly
Vsx
vx.n.lx (kN/m)
Where;
vx, vy =
n
=
lx
=
Vsy
vy.n.lx (kN/m)
There are 9 cases of slab edge continuity that may be exist for shear force coefficient as shown in
figure below.
EXERCISE 2.2
Figure 2.2 shows the plan view of first floor office building. If the slab thickness is 150 mm for all slab.
Calculate the dead and imposed load of beam C/1-3. Use beam size 200 mm x 450 mm.
S1
S2
Brickwall 3m height
Solution:
Load on Slab
Slab Self-weight = 0.150 x 24 = 3.6 kN/m2
Slab S1
Dead load, Gk
Imposed load, Qk
= 3.6 kN/m2
= 2.0 kN/m2
Slab S2
Dead Load, Gk
Imposed Load, Qk
= 3.6 kN/m2
= 2.5 kN/m2
= 13.04 kN/m
Qk:
= 13.84 kN/m
From Slab S2
= 3.2 kN/m
Gk = 13.04 kN/m
Gk = 13.84 kN/m
Qk = 2.1 kN/m
Qk = 3.2 kN/m
mmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmm
3.85 m
1
= 2.1 kN/m
Span 2-3
Gk:
From Slab S2 = 4.6 kN/m
Brickwall
= 7.8 kN/m
Beam s/weight = 1.44 kN/m
Total dead load, Gk
From Slab S1
5m
2
EXERCISE 2.3
Figure below shows the first floor layout plan of office building. If all beams size are 200 x 500 mm,
determine the following;
Characteristic dead and imposed load act on the beam C/1-4 if all slab thickness are 150 mm
and the brickwall heights is 3m.
Shear force and bending moment envelope of beam C/1-4.
A
6m
B
S1
3m
S2
C
6m
S3
S4
S5
6m
7.5 m
6m
Solution:
Load on Slab
Slab Self-weight = 0.150 x 24 = 3.6 kN/m2
Slab S1, S2, S3, S4 & S5
Dead load, Gk
Imposed load, Qk
= 3.6 kN/m2
= 2.5 kN/m2
Slab S3
Ly/Lx = 6000/6000 = 1.0 < 2.0 : Two way slab
Slab Case 7: Three edges discontinuous (One long edge continuous) , vy = 0.29
Vsy= vy. n. Lx
Gk = 0.29 x 3.6 x 6.0 = 6.3 kN/m
Qk = 0.29 x 2.5 x 6.0 = 4.4 kN/m
Slab S4
Ly/Lx = 7500/6000 = 1.25 < 2.0 : Two way slab
Slab Case 2: One long edge discontinuos, vx = 0.46
Vsx = vx. n. Lx
Gk = 0.43 x 3.6 x 6.0 = 9.3 kN/m
Qk = 0.43 x 2.5 x 6.0 = 6.5 kN/m
Slab S5
Ly/Lx = 6000/6000 = 1.0 < 2.0 : Two way slab
Slab Case 4: Two adjacent edges discontinuos, vx = 0.40
Vsx = vx. n. Lx
Gk = 0.40 x 3.6 x 6.0 = 8.6 kN/m
Qk = 0.40 x 2.5 x 6.0 = 6.0 kN/m
Load on Beam C/1-4
Span 1-2
Gk:
From Slab S3 = 6.3 kN/m
Qk:
Brickwall
= 2.6 x 3.0 = 7.8 kN/m
Beam s/weight = (24)(0.20)(0.50-0.150) = 1.68 kN/m
From Slab S3
= 4.4 kN/m
= 15.78 kN/m
Span 2-3
Gk:
From Slab S1
From Slab S4
Brickwall
Beam s/weight
=
=
=
=
Qk:
= 24.18 kN/m
Span 3-4
Gk:
From Slab S2
From Slab S5
Brickwall
Beam s/weight
=
=
=
=
Qk:
,m
= 23.68 kN/m
5.4 kN/m
9.3 kN/m
7.8 kN/m
1.68 kN/m
5.6 kN/m
8.6 kN/m
7.8 kN/m
1.68 kN/m
From Slab S1
From Slab S4
From Slab S2
From Slab S5
= 3.9 kN/m
= 6.0 kN/m
Gk = 15.78 kN/m
Gk = 24.18 kN/m
Gk = 23.68 kN/m
Qk = 4.4 kN/m
Qk = 10.25 kN/m
Qk = 9.9 kN/m
mmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmm
6m
= 3.75 kN/m
= 6.5 kN/m
7.5 m
6m
3
2
6
Load Case 1 : All span loaded with maximum load 1.4Gk + 1.6Qk
29.13 kN/m
50.3 kN/m
59 kN/m
mmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmm
6m
6m
3
(ii)
7.5 m
Load Case 2 : Alternate span loaded with maximum load 1.4Gk + 1.6Qk and minimum load 1.0Gk
29.13 kN/m
24.18 kN/m
59 kN/m
mmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmm
6m
6m
3
(iii)
7.5 m
Load Case 3 : Alternate span loaded with minimum load 1.0Gk and maximum load 1.4Gk + 1.6Qk
15.78 kN/m
50.13 kN/m
23.68 kN/m
mmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmm
6m
1
7.5 m
6m
3
EXERCISE 2.4
Design the ultimate bending moments and shear forces for beam 2/A-D by using Table 3.5 BS 8110. The
loading criteria are given as follows:
Slab thickness
Finishing, partition etc.
Characteristic Imposed load
Beam size
= 125 mm
= 2.95 kN/m2
= 3.00 kN/m2
= 250 x 450 mm
Solution:
Load on slab
Slab Self-weight
Finishing, partition etc.
= 0.125 x 24 = 3.kN/m2
= 2.95 kN/m2
= 5.95 kN/m2
= 3.00 kN/m2
= 19.8 kN/m
Qk:
From Slab
At middle of
interior spans
0.07 Fl
-
F =
wL =
=
=
=
1.4Gk + 1.6Qk
1.4(19.8) + 1.6(9)
42.12 kN/m
42.12(8) = 336.96 kN
42.12 kN/m
mmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmm
8m
8m
8m
0.45F = 151.6 kN
0.6F = 202.8 kN
0.55F = 185.3 kN
SFD
0.6F = 202.8 kN
0.55F = 185.3 kN
0.45F = 151.6 kN
BMD
At interior
support
-0.08 Fl
0.55F
8m
8m
8m
wL2
42.12 x82
=
= 224.64kNm
12
12
3EI
3
=
L
8
4 EI
4
=
KBC = KCB =
L
8
Distribution factor:
BA : BC = CD : CB
Stiffness :
KBA = KBC =
3 4
:
8 8 = 0.43 : 0.57
3 4
+
8 8
-224.64
224.64
0.00
0.43
224.64
0.00
112.32
-48.3
0.00
-13.76
0.00
-3.92
0.00
-1.12
0.00
-0.32
0.00
-0.09
0.00
-0.03
269.42
0.57
-224.64
0.00
0.00
-64.24
32.01
-18.25
9.12
-5.2
2.6
-1.48
0.74
-0.42
0.21
-0.12
0.06
-0.03
-269.42
0.57
2224.64
0.00
0.00
64.02
-32.01
18.25
-9.12
5.2
-2.6
1.48
-0.74
0.42
-0.21
0.12
-0.06
0.03
269.42
10
0.43
-224.64
0.00
-112.32
48.3
0.00
13.76
0.00
3.92
0.00
1.12
0.00
0.32
0.00
0.09
0.00
0.03
-269.42
224.64
-224.64
0.00