You are on page 1of 22

2010 5

133
133

134

50123456...50

100
Cheska, 1978

Christie, 1983; Fein& Rivkin, 1986; Garvey, 1977; Rubin,


1982
1999

1994

2001 Kieff & Casbergue, 2000; Marjatta, 2006; Schwartzman, 1978;


Sutton-Smith, 1977

20012006

2006

Sutton-Smith19741840-1950 (A
History of Childrens Play: The New Zealand Playground, 1840-1950) Chudacoff2007

Children at Play: An American History

Sutton-Smith1974
1840-1950

Chudacoff2007

2010 5

135
135

1945

1.
2.

1.
1
2
3
2.

34 1945

3-12

136

1999

1991

2002

1995

1945

1945-1960

2010 5

137
137

34 1945

2004

38 1949

39 1950
15

50 1999199919981996

38

2000

42-49
1998

2010

138

1985

1996
9 29 5-6
1951

34

50
1999

1977

2-3

1995
1989

2010

50

8 1919 11 1922

2010 5

139
139

1936/2003
30 1941

32 1943
6

26 1937
29 1940
19962007

35 1946

1996

3 2
4 3 8 7
34 1945
80%
2008

39 31.78% 45 47.75%2008

56

56
2010 4

56

140

1960-1980

50 50

54 1965 58 1969

55 1966

50 62
10%1996
50
GNP 6,465 60 17,868 69 85,732
10 2009

61 1972
66 1977

1995

53 1964
79 1990 60%
20%2007

10
1974

2010

2010 5

141
141

20081970
1970

5-6

2008 50 5.6 60 5.5


70 4.7
55 1966 65 1976
20% 25%
1996
57 1968

60 1971

2-4

51 1962

97%
2005

66 1977
67 1978

142

2-4

57 1968

69 1980 55 1966
59% 60 1971 80% 69 1980 96%2008

56

2010

50

2010 5

143
143

Kariuki & Redman, 2000

51

57

1980

1980 68 1979

2007
1980 1986
1990
80 1991

GNP 70 1981 99,899 80 1991


248,433 90 2001 453,084 70 80
2.4 80 90 1.8 2009
50 70
71 5
1980

1960 76 1987

89 2000
20.45% 18.05% 11.85% 4.43%
2001
1999

80% 20%
44%

144

2000

76 1987

80 15.70 90 11.65
2008

80 1991 99.16%

1995

82 1993 TVBS
2005

2005
2 60.66%
58.38%2009
4 3

2010 5

145
145

70 1981

83 1994410

87
1998

2008

20052004 60.89%
33.67% 1995 20.67% 13%

70 69

MP3

2010

80 4.16 90
3.58 2008

1-2

146

200320092004

83

2008

Smith Connoly1980
2010

Richard Louv, 20052008

2010 5

147
147

(2002200720062005)

Elkind2007/2007

1993

148

Garvey, 1974 ; Rubin, 1982

2-4

2010 5

149
149

playfulness

150

1995
50
2003

1936

2005

1989

1-24

1995

1985
1453-1517

2008
2009 12 1
http://win.dgbas.gov.tw/dgbas03/ca/yearbook/data/ch2/2-1&2.xls#a3
2008
2009 12 1
http://www.edu.tw/files/publication/B0013/index1.xls
2009
2009 12 1
http://www.stat.gov.tw/public/Attachment/9112616142471.xls
1991

2008

2009
2009
1995
605-773

1993

1-11-18

1999
100
1974

20002009 12 19
http://www.toy.com.tw/
2001
2000 2009 12 19
http://www.toy.com.tw/
1999

1998

2010 5

151
151

2002
8193-223
2006
y
2007
232136-140
2008

1996

1951

2002

2008

1996

2006
6418-22
2005
453
70-77
2007

1977

1999

2006

2004

1995

2005
1895-2000/

1996
40 234-266

1999

422-26
2001
dema---

2005

2007

2008

1994
7116-24
1999

2000

Cheska, A. T. (1978). The Study of Play from Five Anthropological Perspectives. In M. A. Salter, Play:
Anthropological Perspectives (pp.17-35). NY: Leisure Press.

152

Christie, J. (1983). The effects of play tutoring on young childrens cognitive performance. Journal of
Educational Research, 76, 26-33.
Chudacoff, H. P. (2007). Children at Play: An American History. NY: New York University Press.
Elkind, D.2007

2007

Fein, G., & Rivkin, M. (1986). The young children at play:Rreviews of research

(vol.4).

Washington , DC: National Association for the Education of Young children.


Garvey, C. (1974). Some properties of social play. Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 20, 163-180.
Garvey, C.(1977). Play. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Kieff, J.E. & Casbergue, R.M. (2000). Playful Learning and Teaching: Integrating Play into
Preschool and Primary Programs. Boston, MA: Allyn and Bacon.
Marjatta, K. (2006). Play Culture in a Changing Word. NY: Open University Press.
Rubin, K. H. (1982). Early Play theories Revisited: Contributions to contemporary Research and
Theory. In D. J. Pepler & K. H. Rubin(Eds.)The Play of Children: Current Theory and
Research(pp.4-14).Basel, Switzerland: Karger AG.
Rubin, K. H. (1982). Nonsocial play in preschoolers: Necessarily evil? Child Development, 53,
651-657.
Schwartzman, H. B. (1978). Transformations: The Anthropology of Childrens Play. NY: Plenum.
Smith, P. K., & Connolly, K. J. (1980). The ecology of preschool behavior. Cambridge, England:
Cambridge University Press.
Sutton-Smith, B. (1974). A History of Childrens Play: The New Zealand Playground,
1840-1950.University of Pennsylvania Press.
Sutton-Smith, B. (1977). Towards an Anthropology of Play. In S. Phillips, Studies in the
Anthropology of Play: Papers in Memory of B. Allan Tindal . (pp.222-232) (Ed.) West Point,
NY.: Leisure Press.

2010 5

153
153

The Impact of Social Ecology on Childrens Play of


Taiwan after World War

Shu-Chu Sylvia Yang


Professor of ECE in the National ChiaYi
University

Tsai Chia-Yen
Teacher of ECCE in the Tatung Institute
of Commerce and Technology

Abstract
This study was to explore the different periods of social and ecological impacts of children's play in
Taiwan after WW. The research methods were included literature analysis and document analysis.
The findings were as follows.
1.

Childrens play materials, play location, playmates, and play time were affected by the growth of
economy, the change of lifestyle, the universalization of education in Taiwan after WW.

2.

Play location shifted from outdoors to indoors.

3.

Play materials were from the natural environment readily obtained and produced by their own into
the commercialization and technology-based toys.

4.

In an agricultural society, play with the similar age group of peers, into industrial and commercial
society, small groups of brothers and sisters in the play, into scientific and technological society,
individual-based solitary play

5.

The obsession to make childrens play in different periods of time has been reduced.

Keywords: After WW, Social ecology, childrens play

154

You might also like