Filipino people of Spanish ancestry

Filipino people of Spanish ancestry

Filipino people of Spanish ancestry

Manuel Quezon

Marian Rivera

Carlos Loyzaga

Paulino Alcantara

Total population
3,110 Spanish immigrants in the
[1]
Philippines
Filipinos with Spanish ancestry: unknown
Regions with significant populations
Metro Manila, Cebu City, Iloilo City
Languages
Spanish, English, Filipino
Religion
Roman Catholicism
Related ethnic groups
Spanish people, Filipinos, Filipino mestizos

Demographics of the Philippines

Education
Religions
Languages

Filipino people of Spanish ancestry

2
Peoples
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Spaniards

Filipino people of Spanish ancestry are Filipino people whose ancestral make-up is either fully or partially of
Spanish ancestry. These Filipinos are mostly descendants of the migrants to the Philippines during the colonial
period, mixed with other Filipino ethnic groups such as Tagalog or Cebuano, among others.
Today, the official percentage of Filipinos with Spanish ancestry is unknown. The Philippine Statistics Department
does not account for the racial background or ancestry of an individual. The official population of all types of
mestizos (Asian, American, Hispanic, etc.) that reside inside and outside of the Philippines remains unknown.

History
Background
Admixture has been an ever present and pervading phenomenon in the Philippines as early as when the Philippines
were originally settled by Australoid peoples called Negritos and admixture occurred between this earlier group and
the mainstream Malayo-Polynesian population.[2]
Hindu traders also intermarried with the local population during the pre-Spanish history of the Philippines.[3][4][5]
The arrival of Spanish abruptly halted the spread of Islam further north into the Philippines and intermarriage with
Spanish people later became more prevalent after the Philippines was colonized by the Spanish Empire.
A Japanese, Indian, and Chinese presence had been recorded in the Philippines since the 9th century that mixed
extensively with the local population.[6][7][8] During the Spanish colonial era, large-scale migrations of Chinese to
the Philippines resulted in even more intermixing.

Filipino people of Spanish ancestry

Spanish colonization
The Spanish colonization in 1565, prompted the establishment of Spanish rule
over the Philippines that lasted for about 333 years. Spanish people came
mainly from Mexico and Spain, and the Philippines was ruled as part of the
Viceroyalty of New Spain, with its capital in Mexico City until Mexico's
independence in 1821, when the Philippines started to be governed directly
from Spain.

A Filipina of Spanish ancestry, in the

19th century.

Early Spanish who were born in Spain (Peninsulares) and Mexican settlers
(Criollos), the latter being mostly of either European or Mestizo heritage
known as Americanos (Americans), were mostly explorers, soldiers,
government officials, and religious missionaries, among others. Many of them
settled in the islands and eventually married or inter-bred with the indigenous
population.

In some provinces in Luzon, Mindanao and the Visayas, the Spanish

government encouraged foreign merchants to trade with the indigenous
population, but they were not given certain privileges such as ownership of land. From this contact, social
intercourse between foreign merchants and Filipinos resulted in a new ethnic group. These group were called
Filipino mestizos (mixed-race individuals). Some of their descendants, emerged later as an influential part of the
Philippine society, such as the Principala (Nobility).
Between 1565 and 1815, Hispanics from Mexico and Spain sailed to and from the Philippines as government
officials, soldiers, priests, settlers, traders, sailors and adventurers in the Manila-Acapulco Galleon, assisting Spain in
its trade between Europe and Latin America (Spanish America) and Latin America and the Philippines.
The opening of the Suez Canal made the trip between Europe and the Philippines much faster and affordable, and
many Spaniards and some people from other parts of Europe took advantage and migrated to the islands via that
route.
People of other ethnicities, such as Amerindians (Mexican Indians) and Africans, also settled in the Philippines after
serving as members of the crew on Spanish ships. Some of these individuals married Filipinos of different ethnic
groups and classes and integrated into Philippine society.
Racial integration
As opposed to the policies of other colonial powers such as the British or the Dutch, the Spanish colonies were
devoid of any anti-miscegenation laws. Moreover, the Catholic Church not only never banned interracial marriage,
but it even encouraged it. The fluid nature of racial integration in the Philippines during the Spanish colonial period
was recorded by many travelers and public figures at the time, who were favorably impressed by the lack of racial
discrimination, as compared to the situation in other European colonies.
Among them was Sir John Bowring, Governor General of British Hong Kong and a well-seasoned traveler who had
written several books about the different cultures in Asia, who described the situation as "admirable" during a visit to
the Philippines in the 1870s.

"The lines separating entire classes and races, appeared to me less marked than in the Oriental colonies. I have seen on the same table,
Spaniards, Mestizos (Chinos cristianos) and Indios, priests and military. There is no doubt that having one Religion forms great bonding. And
more so to the eyes of one that has been observing the repulsion and differences due to race in many parts of Asia. And from one (like myself)
who knows that race is the great divider of society, the admirable contrast and exception to racial discrimination so markedly presented by the
[9]
people of the Philippines is indeed admirable."

Filipino people of Spanish ancestry

Another foreign witness was English engineer, Frederic H. Sawyer, who had spent most of his life in different parts
of Asia and lived in Luzon for fourteen years. His impression was that as far as racial integration and harmony was
concerned, the situation in the Philippines was not equaled by any other colonial power:

"... Spaniards and natives lived together in great harmony, and do not know where I could find a colony in which Europeans mixes as much
socially with the natives. Not in Java, where a native of position must dismount to salute the humblest Dutchman. Not in British India, where
[10]
the Englishwoman has now made the gulf between British and native into a bottomless pit."

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Most common languages spoken today are Tagalog (with many words borrowed from Spanish), and English, which
is used in the public sphere. Many other Filipinos also speak other Philippine languages.
Today, only a minority of Filipinos speak Spanish, only some mestizos from older generations, those with links with
Spain, America or other Spanish-speaking areas and recent immigrants, have preserved Spanish as a living spoken
language, although many Spanish cultural traits still remain, most notably the adoption of Christianity among the
majority of Filipinos. Thanks to Gloria Macapagal Arroyo, a Spanish-speaking filipina the Philippine government
has reinstated the instruction of Spanish at schools with a view to generalising its instruction nationally.
In addition, Chavacano (a creole language based largely on Spanish vocabulary) is spoken in the southern
Philippines and forms one of the majority languages of Zamboanga Peninsula and Basilan. It is also spoken in some
parts of Malaysia where it has been made official.

Notable people
In the Philippines, there are many people who trace their roots back to the first Spanish settlers of the country
through their surnames. Due to the introduction of the Catlogo alfabtico de apellidos in the mid-19th century, it
has become increasingly difficult to validate ancestral claims made by those who hold Spanish surnames. Today,
some of those with precise ancestral ties can be found in politics, commerce, arts, entertainment industry and
professional sports. Others have emigrated and later returned or settled down in another country.
Among the most notable Filipinos with direct Spanish ancestry are:

Marcelo Azcrraga Palmero, Spanish Prime Minister of Filipino descent

Manuel Quezn, first President of the Commonwealth of the Philippines
Jos Ozmiz, Senator and Governor of Misamis Occidental
Pilita Corrales, singer and song-writer
Marian Rivera, actress and model
Paulino Alcntara, footballer and manager of Club de Futbol de Barcelona
Jaime Augusto Zobel, head of Ayala Corporation and member of the Zobel de Ayala family
Enrique K. Razon, head of International Container Terminal Services, Inc.

Filipino people of Spanish ancestry

References
[1] There are 3,110 immigrants from Spain according to
[2] Thangaraj et al, Genetic Affinities of the Andaman Islanders, a Vanishing Human Population (http:/ / web. archive. org/ web/
20120209022257/ http:/ / hpgl. stanford. edu/ publications/ CB_2002_p1-18. pdf) (November 26, 2002), Current Biology, DOI:
10.1016/S0960982202013362 (archived from the original (http:/ / hpgl. stanford. edu/ publications/ CB_2002_p1-18. pdf) on 2012-02-09)
[3] Vedic Empire - Indian Origins of Filipino Customs (http:/ / vedicempire. com/ index. php?option=com_content& task=view& id=20&
Itemid=26)
[4] Filipino Foods (http:/ / www. philippinecountry. com/ filipino_foods. html)
[5] Indian Dating and Matchmaking in Philippines - Indian Matrimonials | Futurescopes.com (http:/ / www. futurescopes. com/ indian-dating/
2084/ indian-dating-and-matchmaking-philippines-indian-matrimonials)
[6] Philippines History, Culture, Civilization and Technology, Filipino (http:/ / asiapacificuniverse. com/ pkm/ tech. htm)
[7] The Cultural Influences of India, China, Arabia, and Japan | Philippine Almanac (http:/ / www. philippinealmanac. com/ 2010/ 07/ 528/
the-cultural-influences-of-india-china-arabia-and-japan. html)
[8] Ancient Japanese pottery in Boljoon town | Inquirer News (http:/ / newsinfo. inquirer. net/ 10434/ ancient-japanese-pottery-in-boljoon-town)
[9] L. Hunt, Chester, "Sociology in the Philippine setting: A modular approach", p. 118, Phoenix Pub. House, 1954
[10] Frederic H. Sawyer, "The Inhabitants of the Philippines", p. 125, New York, 1900

Article Sources and Contributors

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Image Sources, Licenses and Contributors

File:Marian Rivera and Dingdong Dantes LA Press Conference, December 2008.jpg Source:
http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Marian_Rivera_and_Dingdong_Dantes_LA_Press_Conference,_December_2008.jpg License: Creative Commons Attribution 2.5 Contributors:
Dobie80, Doubledutch781, Morning Sunshine, Puramyun31, Thedarkknightjc
File:Manuel L. Quezon (November 1942).jpg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Manuel_L._Quezon_(November_1942).jpg License: Public Domain Contributors: Press
Association, Incorporated, New York.
File:CarlosLoyzaga.jpg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:CarlosLoyzaga.jpg License: GNU Free Documentation License Contributors: Original uploader was Donmar at
en.wikipedia. Original uploader was Rebskii at tl.wikipedia
File:Paulino Alcantara.jpg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Paulino_Alcantara.jpg License: unknown Contributors: Unknown
Image:Flag of the Philippines.svg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg License: Public Domain Contributors: User:Achim1999
File:Meztizo Spanish Woman.png Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Meztizo_Spanish_Woman.png License: Public Domain Contributors: BritandBeyonce
File:Hispanos mural.jpg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Hispanos_mural.jpg License: Creative Commons Attribution-Sharealike 3.0 Contributors: User:Bashevis6920
File:Flag of Spain.svg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Flag_of_Spain.svg License: Public Domain Contributors: Anomie

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