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Monitoring and maintaining process variables at the appropriate levels is extremely critical in industrial auto ma tion and process control. A sensor in the industrial environment is either continuously or periodically measuring vital parameters such as temperature, pressure, ow, etc. The primary challenge of sensing in industrial environments is conditioning low signal levels in the presence of high noise and high surge voltage. This warrants for extremely low noise, low drift, precision programmable gain ampliers and instrumentation ampliers with an appropriate common-mode voltage. The rate of change of the measured signal is usually not very rapid and hence high-resolution precision deltasigma converters are widely used in industrial sensors. Low power consumption is another key requirement for industrial sensors as many of them are powered off the traditional 420 mA loop. Digital connectivity features such as PROFIBUS, IO-Link, and wireless connectivity are increasing in popularity as they provide continuous monitoring, fault diagnostics and reduce start up times, greatly improving productivity and efciency of the automation loop.
Whats inside:
Field Transmitter: Temperature Sensor Field Transmitter: Pressure Sensor Flowmeters: Electromagnetic Coriolis Electronic Weigh Scale
www.ti.com/automation
Texas Instruments (TI) has a broad portfolio of products catering to industrial sensing, ranging from best-in-class precision ampliers and data converters to interface products, power products and high-performance microprocessors. TIs cutting-edge semiconductor manufacturing processes provide industrial designers with products that meet the highest standards and that are optimized for industrial environments and extended product life cycles.
Temperature sensors are used to measure temp erature and have a wide range of uses in industrial and commercial applications. Temperature measure ments are commonly made by using a resistance temperature detector (RTD), thermistor or thermocouple. RTDs have wire winding or thin-lm serpentine elements that exhibit changes in resistance with changes in temperature. Thermistors, typically made of ceramic or polymer material, also exhibit signicant changes in resistance with changes in temperature. Thermocouples consist of two dissimilar metal wires welded together to form two junctions. Temperature differences between the junctions cause a thermoelectric potential (i.e., a voltage) between the two wires. Holding the reference junction at a known temperature and measuring this voltage permits the temperature
Keypad
On/Off
Filtering
RTD or Thermistor
LCD Backlight
Integrated Solution
DAC 4-20mA
ADC
MCU
Isolation
RS-232/RS-485 Profibus
IO Link Antenna
Integrated Solution
Filtering
+ -
Thermocouple
Wireless
Battery Powered
Battery
O R
Line Powered
O R
Loop Powered
Power Management
LEGEND
Processor Interface RF/IF Amplifier
Cum
Cubic Feet
Integrated Solution
Nonlinear Bridge Transducer
Integrated Solution
DAC 4-20mA
Linearization Circuit
VREF DAC
Pressure
RS-232/RS-485
Pressure sensors convert a physical value weight, tire pressure, level, force or ow into a differential signal in the range of millivolts per volt and use metal thick-lm, ceramic thin-lm, or piezoresistive technologies, to name a few. The majority of designers use the cost-effective piezosensors that can sense 25 mbar to 25 bar. However, these sensors are very nonlinear and temperature-dependent and have a large offset and large offset drift. They also require attention to electronic calibration and compensation.
MUX
AMP
ADC
MCU
Isolation
Profibus
IO Link
+125C T +40C
Antenna
Battery Powered
Battery
O R
Line Powered
O R
Loop Powered
Power Management
www.ti.com/automation
LEGEND
Processor Interface RF/IF Amplifier
Flowmeters: Electromagnetic/Coriolis
Features and Benets
Multiple channels and simultaneous sampling for measuring multiple process variables at the same time Excellent AC and DC performance Selectable operating modes: High speed, high resolution, low power forces on the pipe. This twisting is due to Coriolis acceleration acting in opposite directions on either side of the pipe and to the uids resistance to the vertical motion. Sensor electrodes placed on both the inlet and outlet sides pick up the phase difference caused by this motion. This phase shift due to the twisting forces is a direct measurement of mass ow rate. Low-noise instrumentation ampliers followed by precision ADCs is typical of the signal-chain path. Precision DACs or PWM drivers are used to excite the eld coils. Multiple-channel ADCs with simultaneous sampling architectures make it possible to take multiple measurements such as temperature, phase, density, etc. at the same time. TIs ADS1274, which is a 24-bit, 4-channel, simultaneous-sampling delta-sigma converter with up to 144 kSPS, is the perfect front end for owmeters requiring multiple measurements (Coriolis). The ADS1259 is a high-linearity, lowdrift, 24-bit, delta-sigma converter commonly used in electromagnetic owmeters.
Integrated Solution
DAC ADC
Flow
The electromagnetic owmeter consists of a nonferromagnetic tube wrapped with a magnetic coil. Electrodes in the tubes inner isolated surface are in contact with a conductive liquid that ows through the tube. The coils around the pipe generate a magnetic eld within the tube. The magnetic eld inducts a voltage in the liquid that is proportional to the speed of the liquid in the tube. This voltage is measured via the electrodes. Because the measured voltage is very low, precise low-noise signal conditioning is required. Coriolis owmeter is a popular owmeter that directly measures mass ow rate. Applying a strong magnetic eld to a pipe through which uid is owing makes the pipe oscillate at a particular resonant frequency. When the uid starts owing through the pipe, it is subject to Coriolis force. The oscillatory motion of the pipe superimposes on the linear motion of the uid, exerting twisting
4-20mA
Processor
Driver
The Magnetic-Inductive Flowmeter
IO Link
Wireless
Integrated Solution
DAC ADC Processor Isolation RS-232/RS-485
Flow
4-20mA
Profibus
IO Link
Driver ADC
The Coriolis Flowmeter
Wireless
Line Powered
O R
Power Management
Electronic weigh scales, which are found in many industrial applications, use a load cell as the primary transducer. Load-cell designs can be distinguished according to the type of output signal they generate pneumatic, hydraulic or electric. Strain-gauge load cells convert the load acting on them into electrical signals in the range of millivolts per volt. A major challenge in designing weigh scales is that they must sample multiple load cells while producing extremely low input referred noise. Another important factor is the analog circuitrys long-term stability with regard to offset drift and gain. Here the accuracy of the amplied input signal, either single-ended or differential, must be guaranteed over years of operation. Hence
Load Cell
VREF
Load Cell
Filtering
ADC
Load Cell
AC Adapter
AC Line
Load Cell
VREF
Integrated Solution
DAC 4-20mA
CE
+ A1 _
Variable Bias
VREF Divider
RS-232/RS-485
DGND
CE RE WE
RE
MCU
Isolation
Profibus
IO Link
A three electrode electrochemical cell is ideal to detect Toxic gases. The potentiostat controls a three electrode cell for electroanalytical experiments. The mass of a substance deposited or liberated at any electrode is directly proportional to quantity of electric current passed. TIs dynamically programmable LMP91000 potentiostat provides all of the functionality for detecting changes in gas concentration in micro power chemical sensing applications based on a delta current at the working electrode. The fully congurable solution can be attached to majority of electro chemical cells. This makes it extensible to multiple markets within Industrial and Environmental safety platforms.
WE
RLoad
VOUT
ADC Wireless
Antenna
C1
C2
AGND
Battery Powered
Battery
O R
Line Powered
O R
Loop Powered
Power Management
LEGEND
Processor Interface RF/IF Amplifier
Monitoring and maintaining process variables at the appropriate levels is extremely critical in industrial automation and process control. A sensor in the industrial environment is either continuously or periodically measuring vital parameters such as temperature, pressure, ow, etc. The primary challenge of sensing in industrial environments is conditioning low signal levels in the presence of high noise and high surge voltage. This warrants for extremely low noise, low drift, precision programmable gain ampliers and instrumentation ampliers with an appropriate common-mode voltage. The rate of change of the measured signal is usually not very rapid and hence high-resolution precision deltasigma converters are widely used in industrial sensors. Low power consumption is another key requirement for industrial sensors as many of them are powered off the traditional 420 mA loop. Digital connectivity features such as PROFIBUS, IO-Link, and wireless connectivity are increasing in popularity as they provide continuous monitoring, fault diagnostics and reduce start up times, greatly improving productivity and efciency of the automation loop.
Overview
and the Distributed Control System (DCS) which is used extensively in process control. The DCS uses distributed controllers, each performing a specic task, connected together by networks for communication and monitoring. A central control room is typically used for an entire plant.
modules are used to measure data from sensors and to control various actuators. Together, the input and output modules along with the central controller form a control loop.
With the increasing demand for energy efciency, safety, reliable connectivity and precise control, industrial drives for factory automation are becoming more and more sophisticated systems requiring cutting-edge technologies. TI provides a broad range of analog products, digital controllers and software to precisely control the position, velocity and torque of mechanical drives. A robust process technology and a long product life policy enable TI to meet stringent customer requirements for reliability and continuity of supply.
Interface Motor
MotorDrive
Control
Safety MCU
PowerSupply PowerStage
Isolatedgatedriver MOSFETs/IGBTs
(withfieldbusintegration)
Gate Drivers
Isolatedcurrentfeedback
Industrial Communication
Texas Instruments (TI) has a broad portfolio of products catering to industrial sensing, ranging from best-in-class precision ampliers and data converters to interface products, power products and high-performance microprocessors. TIs cutting-edge semiconductor manufacturing processes provide industrial designers with products that meet the highest standards and that are optimized for industrial environments and extended product life cycles.
Coriolis
etc...
Isolation
Current Sensing
etc...
Positionfeedback Encoder
TIs Industrial Communication solutions speed the design cycle with Flowmeters: Electromagnetic the right devices, software, tools and support.
Electronic Weigh Scale
www.ti.com/automation
Power Supply Module CPU
Leading edge technology Flexibility and future proof Safety relevant solutions (IEC61508, SIL) Energy efciency Dedicated system solutions Development tools Close partnership with the industrial eco-system
MultiChannel Analog In
MultiChannel Digital In
In todays industrial automation market new technology brings many opportunities for industrial system developers to successfully address ever-evolving backup and 4 to 64 channels challenges. With applications ranging from programmable logic controllers and industrial computers to human machine interface, industrialIncludes peripherals power is typical factory communication, automation systems require cutting-edge technologies to meet stringent customer requirements for high reliability and harsh environment in mission-critical environments.
220/110 Volt
Ofce
PC
Ethernet
Operator
HMI, SCADA
Real-Time Ethernet Fieldbus Sensor-P2P
Control
Field
TI = Industrial Automation
Texas Instruments has a strategic commitment to the factory automation industry ranging from an extensive, reliable solution portfolio to a long product life supply as well as a strong local-based support. Strong portfolio with industrial feature set Reliable and dedicated portfolio for Harsh Environment Long product life supply policy Leading edge technology Flexibility and future proof Safety relevant solutions (IEC61508, SIL) Energy efciency Dedicated system solutions Development tools Close partnership with the industrial eco-system
2H 2011 www.ti.com/automation
Human Machine Interface (HMI), also referred to as User Interface, Operator Panel or Terminal, provides a means of controlling, monitoring, managing and/or visualizing device processes. An example is an operator panel which allows an industrial machine operator to interact with a machine in a graphical, visual way. With controls and readouts graphically displayed on the screen, the operator can use either external buttons or the touch screen to control the machinery. Ranging from simple segmented displays to high-resolution LCD panels, HMIs can be located on the machine, in battery-operated, portable handheld devices, and also in centralized control rooms. They are used in machine and process control to connect the sensors, actuators and machines on the factory oor to I/O control and PLC application systems. An industrial HMI systems usability is determined by its processing power, its ability to render complex and reality-like screens, its fast response time to user
input and its exibility to handle various levels of operator interactions. HMIs require dynamically changing graphics which, in turn, require a high-performance solution that can achieve the 60 frame-per-second refresh rate that is required at the right resolution. They also have to support multiple connectivity and communications protocols to communicate between the operator and various machines and control systems. TIs comprehensive range of HMI solutions has the right mix of performance and peripherals to meet the needs of each application category. The three market tiers in HMI systems are:
HMI Low Mid High Screen Size < 7" 712" 1221" Resolution VGA or less WVGA or XGA Up to UXGA
Reliable and dedicated portfolio for temperature ranges We supportindustrial a wide variety of operating
systems CE and Android, as well as multiple real-time operating systems like QNX and VXWorks. Display: TIs touch-screen controllers provide a low-power, high-performance solution with features to measure touch pressure, and preprocessing to reduce bus loading, thus reducing the consumption of host processor resources that can then be redirected to more critical functions. In addition, TI has a range of products to generate Haptics effects a feedback technology that takes advantage of a users sense of touch by driving motor-based and piezo-based actuators to deliver vibration and/or motion to the user interface. Connectivity: TI has solutions to enable wired connectivity by communication standards such as CAN, UART, USB, RS-232, RS-485 and 10-/100-Mbit Ethernet. These interface options enable hooking up the system to a myriad of external peripherals and accessories, depending on the need of the end application. Real-time communications is the heart of industrial automation. With a unique architecture of an ARM processor and PRU (programmable real-time unit), TI supports popular serial and Ethernet bases standards such as PROFIBUS, EtherCAT, Ethernet/IP, PROFINET, Modbus TCP/IP, DeviceNET and Powerlink. Finally, our wireless connectivity solutions for Bluetooth, ZigBee and WLAN networks enable portable HMIs (www.ti.com/wireless). (continued) www.ti.com/automation
1H 2011 www.ti.com/automation
www.ti.com/automation
www.ti.com/automation
LMP90100 ADS1118
MSP430FR5739 MSP-EXP430FR5739 MSP430F2274 TMS320C5515 XTR115 DAC161P997 IS01176 SN65HVD101 ISO3080 CC2520 TPS7A3001 TPS7A4901 TPS55010 DCR01 TPS54062 TPS54160 TPS54062EVM-695 TPS54160EVM-230 ISO485EVM CC2520DK TPS7A30-49EVM-567 TPS7A30-49EVM-567 TPS55010EVM-009 MSP-FET430U38 TMDXEVM5515 XTR115EVM DAC161P997EVAL/ NOPB ISO1176EVM
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