Nishrin T. Ahadain BSIS-IV 1ST-REPORTER GROUP 1 ASSIGN TOPIC: BIOGRAPHY OF MOHAMMAD RE A SHAH PAH!

AVI BIOGRAPHY:

MOHAMMAD RE A SHAH PAH!AVI

Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi (1919-80) King of Iran (1941-1979) Known a !"#$ $MP$R%R %& %I'( (The 2nd monarch pahlavi dynasty and the last shah of iran) )orn in "ehran on %*+o,er -./ 1919 0ied a+ 12l3 -7/ 1980 in 4airo $g35+ S+2died in in +i+2+e de ro e3 in wi+zerland (the 1st Iranian king to sent abroad for foreign education) Reign6 Se5+em,er -./ 1941 (after his father was exile) &e,r2ar3 11/ 1979 (he was overthrow by Iranian revolution) &amil36 &a+her6 Shah Reza 7han Pahlavi (1st monarch in Iran of pahlavi dynasty) Mo+her6 "ad8 ol-molo27 (1st queen of Iran) 9ive 6 1 + :fawzia f2ad of $g35+ (sister of king farouk of egypt) -nd : ora3a e fandiar3-,a7h+iari (the eldest child and only daughter of Khalil Esfandiary ) ;rd :farah 5ahlavi (the only child of aptain !ohrab "iba) EXPLANATION:

Mohammad Reza Pahlavi was shah of Iran following his father's reign. He established many reforms
to im ro!e the "o#ntry$ b#t a re!ol#tion$ led by Ayatollah %#hollah &homeini '()**+(),)- in ().)$ for"ed him into e/ile.

4rown 5rin*e a+ i<

0ohammad %e1a Pahla!i was born on O"tober 2.$ ()(). His father$ who was then an offi"er in the Persian 3ossa"4 regiment$ be"ame shah '4ing- of Iran as %e1a 5hah Pahla!i in ()26. 0ohammad %e1a was ro"laimed "rown rin"e at the age of si/. 7rom this time on he was "aref#lly ed#"ated for his f#t#re role as shah by his stern father. In ()8( he was sent to 5wit1erland to attend Le %osey s"hool for boys. He was a good st#dent b#t made few friends be"a#se$ as a rin"e$ he was not ermitted to lea!e the s"hool gro#nds. After ret#rning to Iran in ()86$ he entered a Tehran military s"hool$ grad#ating in ()8,. In ()8) he married Prin"ess 7aw1ia of Egy t. He de!elo ed a lo!e for s orts en9oying so""er and s4iing$ and he later be"ame a li"ensed ilot.

Re5la*e fa+her a

hah

In the fall of ():( Pahla!i's father was for"ed to ste down from the throne by ;ritish and %#ssian for"es who had ta4en o!er the "o#ntry after a short str#ggle. On 5e tember 2.$ ():($ he re la"ed his father as 0ohammad %e1a 5hah Pahla!i. This was a "onf#sing and dangero#s time for Iran. Not only was <orld <ar II '()8)+:=- being fo#ght$ b#t Iran was s>#ee1ed between bitter enemies %#ssia and ;ritain. In addition$ the !ast reso#r"es of oil in Iran were eagerly so#ght by the %#ssians$ the Ameri"ans$ and the ;ritish. Press#re on Iran from the 5o!iet ?nion "ame from more than one side. The yo#ng shah was "a#ght in a str#ggle between the ro@5o!iet T#deh Party$ whi"h wanted so"ial re!ol#tion witho#t the shah$ and the ro@;ritish National <ill Party$ whi"h wanted the shah b#t no so"ial "hange. The shah himself was not satisfied with either idea. After <orld <ar II the 5o!iet ?nion ref#sed to remo!e its for"es from Iran as it had romised. Instead the 5o!iet for"es stayed to hel a bran"h of the Persian 3omm#nist Party set # a se arate go!ernment in the northwest ro!in"e of A1erbai9an. Iran bro#ght this iss#e to the ?nited Nations '?N-. After m#"h dis"#ssion the 5o!iet ?nion left A1erbai9an in 0ay ():6$ and the shah be"ame !ery o #lar.

In+ernal *onfli*+

Iran's roblems were not o!erA the oil >#estion had not been sol!ed. The new National 7ront Party$ formed #nder the leadershi of Br. 0ohammad 0osadde>$ stated that sin"e Iran had ref#sed to gi!e oil rights to the 5o!iet ?nion$ it sho#ld ta4e them away from the ;ritish. The "o#ntry was l#nged into a "risis and by ()=8$ "omm#ni"ations bro4e down between the shah and Prime 0inister 0osadde> and also among the rime minister$ his "abinet$ and the arliament. The "risis$ in whi"h the T#deh Party was gaining the # er hand$ for"ed the shah and 5orayya 'his se"ond wife- to lea!e the "o#ntry. Nine days later$ with ?.5. aid$ 0osadde> was o!erthrown$ and the shah ret#rned in tri#m h. Pahla!i ret#rned with a new resol!e to do things his way. He started what later was "alled the C<hite %e!ol#tion.C After distrib#ting the land among the easants$ he #t forests and water #nder the "ontrol of the go!ernment$ established rofit@sharing lans for wor4ers$ ga!e more freedom to women$ and established "i!il ser!i"e rograms. New ind#stries were "reated$ and Iran be"ame one of the most stable "o#ntries in the 0iddle East.

'a+er 3ear
On O"tober 2.$ ()6.$ his forty@eighth birthday$ and after twenty@si/ years as shah$ Pahla!i was "rowned as His Im erial 0a9esty 0ohammad %e1a Pahla!i Aryamehr$ 5hahanshah of Iran. <hat made this "rowning #ni>#e in Persian history was that his third wife$ 7arah$ was "rowned as em ress$ the first sin"e the "oming of Islam in the se!enth "ent#ry. Their si/@year@old son$ %e1a$ was de"lared "rown rin"e. B#ring the ().*s$ oil@ri"h "o#ntries s#"h as Iran e/er"ised m#"h world ower. It was also the strongest military "o#ntry in the 0iddle East. Howe!er$ the shah r#led with #nlimited a#thority and his o #larity began to de"rease$ es e"ially among 0#slims who were followers of Ayatollah %#hollah &homeini. The Ayatollah led a re!ol#tion in ().)$ for"ing the shah and his family into e/ile. 0ohammed %e1a Pahla!i died in 3airo$ Egy t$ on D#ly 2.$ (),*.

"ESTERN MINDANAO STATE UNIVERSITY CO!!EGE OF ASIAN AND IS!AMIC STUDIES

TERM-PAPER REPORT

TOPIC: A!-BAI#T $#$!I%E!! ET&I ! I% I!'()) SUB%ECT: IS-11& INTRODUCTION TO IS!AMIC %URISPRUDENCE

SUBMITTED TO: SHEI' ABDU!"A'I! TAN%I!I! IS-11& INSTRUCTOR

SUBMITTED BY: NISHRIN AHADAIN SHER-ANA DEMARUNSING BSIS-IV