UTILISATION OF EXTRACTED OLIVE POMACE AS AN ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE INHIBITOR FOR THE TREATMENT OF NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES ROSEIRO L.B.1,3, LOURENO P.M.

2, DUARTE L.C.1, FAL, P.L.3, SERRALHEIRO M.L.M.3, RAUTER, A.P.3

1 LNEG, Campus do Lumiar, Lisboa, Portugal 2 UCASUL - Unio de Cooperativas UCRL, Alvito, Portugal 3 Centro de Qumica e Bioqumica, Faculdade de Cincias da Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal. E-mail: luisa.roseiro@lneg.pt Abstract

Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors are used clinically to counteract various pathologies, including Myasthenia gravis, Glaucoma, Lewy body dementia and Alzheimers disease [1]. Treatment is known to improve symptoms by enhancing cholinergic functions and increasing the amount of acetylcholine present in cholinergic synapses. The therapeutic available consists in administrating cholinesterase inhibitors, avoiding the depletion of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine by inhibiting the acetylcholinesterase enzyme (AchE). However, the use of synthetic AChE inhibitors involve toxic side effects, thus, there is an interest in finding better AChE inhibitors from natural sources, particularly non-toxic compounds [1]. Food processing and agro-industries residues are attractive inexpensive sources of natural biologically active compounds. Extracted olive pomace is a source of such compounds. The present work aimed at analyse and evaluate the antiacetylcholinesterase activity of a phenolicrich and water-soluble product from extracted olive pomace, a byproduct from the olive oil industry. This product was provided by UCASUL, freeze-dried and analysed by capillary zone electrophoresis with a diode array detector (CZE-DAD) for its phenolic profile. AChE enzymatic activity was measured using the Ellman spectrophotometric method [2]. Tests were carried out in triplicate. Enzyme inhibition (I%) and IC50 values were calculated. The phenolic profile revealed that the natural water-soluble product from extracted olive pomace was mainly hydroxytyrosol. Inhibition of AChE by the extract (99.5% at 0.9 mg/mL) was higher than that obtained for hydroxytyrosol authentic standard (97.4% at 1 mg/mL). The IC50 values for the extract (IC50 = 0.22 mg/mL) and hydroxytyrosol (IC50 = 0.28 mg/mL) lead us to suggest that olive pomace is a promising source for a therapeutic agent against cholinergic disorders [3].

References [1] Roseiro, L.B., Rauter, A.P., Serralheiro, M.L.M. (2012). Polyphenols as acetylcholinesterase inhibitors: Structural specificity and impact on human disease. Nutrition and Aging, (1), 99111. [2] Porfrio, S., Fal, P.L.V., Madeira, P.J.A., Florncio, M.E., Ascenso, L., Serralheiro, M.L.M. (2010). Antiacetylcholinesterase and antioxidant activities of Plectranthus barbatus tea, after in vitro gastrointestinal metabolism. Food Chemistry, (122) 179-87. [3] Roseiro, L.B., Loureno, P.M., Duarte, L.C., et. al. (2011). Patent Pending PT 105730.