Professional Documents
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Table of contents
Page
Introduction Column types Liquid distributors Selection of liquid distributors Splash-plate distributor VEP Channel-type distributors VKG and VKR Collector / distributor VS Distributors for corrosive media Distributors for further applications Distributor hole size Liquid collectors Support and locating systems Gas / Liquid inlet systems
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Introduction
This brochure provides an overview of Sulzer Chemtech Column Internals, which have be developed in Sulzer Chemtechs extensive test facility and used in commercial applications for many years. The following pages will provide you with detailed information on our internals for structured and random packings. At Sulzer Chemtech, decades of design, construction and manufacturing experience are combined with on-going development and state-of-the-art production methods to guarantee you products of the highest possible quality. In order to comply with your specific requirements, our sales engineers and specialists will always be ready to discuss detail inquiries with you personally. We look forward to working with you to develop a customized packed tower solution that will exceed your expectations.
Column type
When preparing column internals specifications, you must know whether you will be using a flanged column or a welded vessel. If your column is a welded vessel, then you must know the inside diameter of the manhole. Prior to beginning engineering of your column and internals, Sulzer Chemtech will verify with you the overall column height, and the manhole inside diameter.
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Flanged columns Packings and internals are installed through the column flange.
Welded vessel columns Packing and segmental internals are installed through manholes.
Liquid distributors
Collector/distributor, VS
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VKR1)
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These distributors are suitable for most applications. For very difficult applications, Sulzer Chemtech can provide customdesigned distributors that will fit your specific requirements. 4
Liquid distributors
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Specications Diameter Liquid load Drip-point density Turndown ratio Gas load Sensitivity to contamination Construction details Special note > 0.8 m 0.5 to 30 m3/m2h VEPW: 0.1 to 1.0 m3/m2h 40 to 200 drip points per m2 3:1 max. F-factor up to 4.5 Pa1/2 Slight Can be levelled by a device supported on the packing If required, this distributor can be constructed as a self-supporting unit (e.g. for use with random packings) 5
Liquid distributors
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Specications Diameter Liquid load Drip-point density Turndown ratio Gas load Sensitivity to contamination Construction details Special note 0.25 to 2.0 m; flanged design above 0.8 m 1 to 100 m3/m2h 40 to 200 drip points per m2 3:1 max. F-factor up to 4.5 Pa1/2 At low liquid loads Can be levelled by means of locating or suspension device In addition, a pre-distribution system is used at high liquid loads and larger column diameters
Liquid distributors
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VKR
Discharge system
VKRPW
Specications
Diameter Liquid load Drip-point density Turndown ratio Gas load Sensitivity to contamination Construction details Special note > 0.25 m 1 to 20 m3/m2h for VKR; 0.05 to 1 m3/m2h for VKRPW 40 to 200 drip points per m2 3:1 max.; multiple-stage distributor, 10:1 F-factor up to 5 Pa1/2 for VKR; up to 3.5 for Pa1/2 for VKRPW Slight Can be levelled by means of locating or suspension device The low-liquid load distributor is constructed in diameters up to 4 m
Liquid distributors
Collector / distributor VS
The collector/distributor VS is used whenever collection and redistribution of liquid is required at very high liquid loads. It resembles a chimney tray; however the chimney arrangement is custom designed for your applications liquid distribution and pressure drop requirements. For moderate liquid loads applications, where liquid mixing is important, a separate accumulator tray must collect the liquid and feed it to a liquid distributor located below it.
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Specications
Diameter Liquid load Drip-point density Turndown ratio Gas load Sensitivity to contamination Construction details Special note 0.25 - 8.0 m >30 m3/m2h 40 to 160 drip points per m2 3:1 max. F-factor up to 3 Pa1/2 Slight Tray construction, bolted and supported on ring with chimney types corresponding to hydraulic requirements Truss supports are used in large column diameters
Plastic distributor
The bottom-hole distributor VEG and the channel-type distributor VKR are available in PP, PVDF, PVC, and other plastic materials. The maximum operating temperature is 60 to 100 oC depending on plastic material.
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Specications
Diameter Liquid load Drip-point density Turndown ratio Gas load Sensitivity to contamination Construction details 0.25 - 6 m 1 - 20 m3/m2h 80 to 200 drip points per m2 3:1 max.; multiple-stage, 10:1 F-factor up to 4.5 Pa1/2 Slight for VKR Supported on the packing
Specications
Diameter Liquid load Drip-point density Turndown ratio Gas load Sensitivity to contamination Construction details 0.25 - 1.6 m 1 to 20 m3/m2h 40 to 160 drip points per m2 3:1 max., multiple-stage, 10:1 F-factor up to 3 Pa1/2 Slight Supported on the packing 9
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Specications
Diameter Liquid load Drip-point density Turndown ratio Gas load Sensitivity to contamination Construction details 0.25 - 1.2 m 1 to 20 m3/m2h 40 to 200 drip points per m2 3:1 max. F-factor up to 4.5 Pa1/2 High Supported on the packing
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Liquid distributors
VEP splash-plate hole size (mm) Drip point density (VD) figures consider the distribution effect of the splash-plate.
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 0 5
VD 80
10
15 L (m3/m2h)
20
VD 200
25
VD 330
30
VD 160
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Liquid collectors
Vane collector SL
The collector SL is used as a separate unit to accumulate liquids from packed sections within a column. This collector requires a ring channel welded to the column wall. The pressure drop of this collector is negligible.
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Collector SLF
The collector SLF is designed to be installed between the column flanges in smaller flanged columns.
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Liquid collectors
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Pressure drop is a function of the type and configuration of the chimneys. Sulzer Chemtech specialists can design your collector SK to your process specifications. Whether you need a total draw-off, a flash tray, a gas distribution device, or a unique chimney configuration, the collector SK can be custom designed to meet your specific application needs.
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Support grids TE / TS
TE and TS are intended for structured packings with surface area over 350 m2/m3 packing volume. They are designed with drip plates to prevent premature flooding of the packing. These support grids rest on support rings or gussets welded to the column shell. For columns over 3 m ID, additional supports and major beams may be required.
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When preparing column specifications, the method of feeding the column, drawing off liquids, and removing gases must not be over-looked. They are as important as se-
lecting of the optimum packing and matching it to the proper internals to get peak performance from your packed column.
Owing to years of experience and continuous development at Sulzer Chemtech, we are always in a position to offer you both standard gas inlet systems and specialty tailored solutions based on CFD studies.
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GD Open inlet
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LV (2) inlet
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LRP inlet
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Headquarters P.O. Box 65 8404 Winterthur, Switzerland Phone +41 52 262 50 28 Fax +41 52 262 01 82 chemtech@sulzer.com www.sulzer.com
North and South America Sulzer Chemtech USA, Inc. 1 Sulzer Way Tulsa, OK 74107, USA Phone +1 918 446 6672 Fax +1 918 446 5321
Asia, Pacic Sulzer Chemtech Pte. Ltd. 10 Benoi Sector 629845 Singapore Phone +65 6515 5500 Fax +65 6862 7563
Sulzer Chemtech Ltd, a member of the Sulzer Corporation, with headquarters in Winterthur, Switzerland, is active in the eld of process engineering and employs some 3500 persons worldwide. Sulzer Chemtech is represented in all important industrial countries and sets standards in the eld of mass transfer and static mixing with its advanced and economical solutions.
The activity program comprises: Process components such as fractionation trays, structured and random packings, liquid and gas distributors, gas-liquid separators, and internals for separation columns Engineering services for separation and reaction technology such as conceptual process design, feasibilities studies, plant optimizations including process validation in the test center Recovery of virtually any solvents used by the pharmaceutical and chemical industry, or difcult separations requiring the combination of special technologies, such as thin lm/short-path evaporation, distillation under high vacuum, liquid-liquid extraction, membrane technology or crystallization. Complete separation process plants, in particular modular plants (skids) Advanced polymerization technology for the production of PLA and EPS Tower field services performing tray and packing installation, tower maintenance, welding, and plant turnaround projects Mixing and reaction technology with static mixers Cartridge-based metering, mixing and dispensing systems, and disposable mixers for reactive multi-component material
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Legal Notice: The information contained in this publication is believed to be accurate and reliable, but is not to be construed as implying any warranty or guarantee of performance. Sulzer Chemtech waives any liability and indemnity for effects resulting from its application.