Meghan Briana M. Cario AB International Studies-ASST/Paris Seminar on Asia I (TTH/ 7: !- ":#! A/ $%!!

& 'o(ernment: Monar)h* Ado+ted Indian )on)e+t o, -ingshi+. ro*al duties and +o/ers. and )ourt eti0uette. 1ing Ana/ratha or Aniruddha 2 ,ounder o, M*anmar3 de,eated and in)or+orated nonBurmese +eo+le. -)on0uered Mon )ountr* -most ardent +ro+agator o, Thera(ada $aith Maritime Trade Agri)ulture -4ed/in (ri)e )ountr*& 5eligion: Maha*ana Buddhism then Thera(ada Buddhism 67at8 )ult Mon s)ri+t- 9asis o, the Burmese s)ri+t

Burmans

1*an:itthaas)ended the Pagan throne in #!; . ?ominant element in their go(8t :Thera(ada Buddhism @i-rama >ra (P*u @i-rama ?*nast*& Agri)ulture -irrigation (ri)e& A(erland trade Curren)*: sil(er )oinage
5eligion: Hinduism. Maha*ana = Thera(ada Buddhism -7th )entur* (Thera(ada ,aith 9e)ame dominant&

Pyus
-#st signi,i)ant +eo+le in M*anmar -migrated ,rom south/est China (<rd Centur*& -Sri 1shetra ()a+ital )it*& -li(ed in )ities // )ir)ular 9ri)- en)losures = most +ea)e-lo(ing +eo+le in S>A -non- (iolent to a ,ault (don8t use sil-& -de,eated 9* the mons (;th )entur*& -9e)ame (assals o, Thai -ingdom o, 7an Chao

Crime rate /as negligi9le = +unishments /ere mild eB)e+t homi)ide Mild manners P*u monar)hs en)ourage Buddhist learning -9o*s = girls sha(ed their heads C the age o, 7 -s)hools /ere runed

9* B. mon-s Has 9eauti,ul monuments C Prome -Buddhist stu+as. )*lindri)al // +ointed dome (Ari*an ar)hite)ture. in,: India& -Si-hara(to/er& gi(es tem+les the ,eeling o, strength = solidarit*

Thais & Ayuthaya

-+oliti)al de)line o, 1hmers = the to+ogra+h* o, the region )ontri9uted to their su))ess -Mongols also hel+ed them rise ra+idl* -traditionall*. ,reedomlo(ing +eo+le (Thai- means 6,ree8& -the rise o, Thai +rin)i+alities ser(ed as a )ounter9alan)e against

Monar)h* 5ama 1hamheng -Ane o, the greates monar)hs -Politi)al +ragmatist -Chie, o, small +rin)i+alit* o, Su-hotai. eBtended his hegemon* o(er lo/er Menam. u++er Me-ong. =

Agri)ulture

Thera(ada Buddhism Sla(er* ,lourished Hierar)hi)al so)iet* Pol*gam* /as legal = di(or)e /as eas* Sa-di na (,ield +o/er& -high o,,i)ials = mon-s /ere eBem+ted

1hmer (a)). To Mongols& -Thai territorial eB+ansion o/ed more to 1hmer /ea-ness than Mongol aid -Thai )on0uest /ere ,a)ilitated 9* geogra+h* -Thai su))ess /as mu)h more than a +rodu)t o, Mongols +oliti)s

lo/er Sal/een (alle*s -?i(ine monar)h* -Created ne/ a+l+ha9et 9ased on Indian s)ri+ture 5amadhi+ati -$ounder o, A*utha*a -,irst la/gi(er -6)ommon la/8 ()om9ined an)ient Thai +ra)ti)es = )ode o, Manu& - Se(ere +enalties ,or misa++ro+riation o, ,unds o, go(8t Trailo--no/n ,or lasting im+a)t on the )ountr*8s administrati(e =

so)ial stru)ture -introdu)ed administrati(e s*stem -)entrali:ation o, go(8t = administration on a de+artmental 9asis3 distin)tion 9et. Ci(ilian = militar* ,un)tions o, go(8t3 )reation o, so)ial = Dudi)ial s*stem 9ased on e)onomi) holdings3 )ode to go(ern ro*al household -di(ided the +ro(in)es led 9* a go(ernor ()hao +hra*a&. +rin)e -sa-di na (,ield +o/er& -Palatine la/ o, # %;

-9rah maha u+araDa ((i)e--ing& Majapahit

-9itter-,ruit -9e)ame greatest o, all states in insular S>A -eBtended its hegemon* in the entire ar)hi+elago eB)e+t /estern Sunda -golden age o, Ea(anese histor* ('aDah Mada = 1ing 5aDasanagara& -their glor* lasted ,or 7% *ears -last great -ingdom o, S>A

1u9lai 1han outraged 9* 1ertanagara -1ertanagara -1ediri Ea*a-at/ang -illed 1ertenagara

?Da-arta (main st.& = uni(ersit* o, EogDa-arta (to honor Mada& 5eligion: Shi(aBuddhism

@iDa*a -heir o, 1ediri -,ounder o, MaDa+ahit

'aDah Mada -+rime minister. most remar-a9le ,igure in Indonesian histor* -united the ar)hi+elago -e+i) o, 7agar-ertagama

ga(e him )redit Ha*am Furu-grandson o, Mada assumed the reigning title o, 5aDasanagara = 9e)ame greatest -ing o, MaDa+ahit // the hel+ o, 'aDah Mada Malacca
-result o, the )on(ersion o, Mala*a = di,,usion o, Islam in the Ar)hi+elago - its strategi) lo)ation at the narro/est +oint o, the strait o, Mala))a ena9led the )it* to /at)h = )ontrol maritime tra,,i) -9e)ame great +ort )it* = an em+orium -their su))ess = +ros+erit* ins+ired other mer)hants to )on(ert Islam -,oremost seat o, Muslim

Sultan- head o, state Eindu-9uddhist )ourts: - +rin)i+al ministers -; ministers o, middle ran-#G o, lo/er ran-

$ishing Maritime trade < ri(al ,or)es : -Thailand -MaDa+ahit -Muslim +rin)i+alities o, northeast Sumatra

Temenggong (9endahara&- head o, )oun)il3 almost a hereditar* o,,i)e

Port ,a)ilities

learning -)orru+tion = +arasiti)al /a* o, li,e o, the elite /ea-ened the sultanate

Shah9unders (,ourhar9or-masters& Tun Pera-- great 9endahara Tun Mutahirsu))eeded 9endahara Paramesh/ara -+ersuaded some traders= shi+o/ners to use the +ort o, Mala))a -used ,or)e to )om+el shi+s to )all C Mala))a. o,,ered them an entre+ot ,or eB)hange o, goods ,rom east = /est. /arehousing )hange o, monsoon /inds to resume their return Dourne*s

Megat married to a muslim -made Mala))a a s+earhead ,or the ,urther s+read o, Islam

Con(erted Islam ,or a 9etter or to im+ro(e relations // Muslim states