2013

Pak-India Relations in current decade upto-2013

Composite dialogues
This paper would be focused on the composite dialogues between India and Pakistan and theirs consequences. The paper would also analysis the historical issues and foreign interventions regarding the bilateral relations among Pakistan and India. Paper would finally conclude and analysis the consequences of dialogues box and their results.

Hafza Yasin Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 9/12/2013

Pakistan and India Relations in Current decade up to 2013 Introduction: Throughout the history, both states have many troubles their relations. Both states relations are ups and down in the history. Lot of issues has been created since the beginnings of these both nation-states; this paper would not focus those issues created among these states from the beginnings but this paper would be focused on the relations of both Pakistan and India based on 2012 to 2013; in which all the issues which are created in these years, and all other matters which create the disturbance among these both states; likewise Kashmir issue, Siachan Issue and most other which were addressed in 2012-2013 will be mentioned in this paper, and all negative and positive relations and mostly goodwill gestures which these both states shared to one another would be discussed in this paper. Composite dialogue of 2012 and if composite dialogue are sustained in 2013, all would also be addressed in detail in this paper. And finally this paper will lay down the conclusion to all the things mentioned in this paper. In March 2011, the Pakistan Peoples Party (PPP)-led government resumed the composite dialogue with India, with the rapid pace of its economic liberalization program demonstrating political will to normalize bilateral relations. The November 2011 decision to grant Most Favored Nation (MFN) status to India by the end of 2012 is not merely an economic concession but also a significant political gesture1. Although Pakistan and India granted most favored nations MFN to one another, both states could not solved the problem of Kashmir, and it remained in one of the most debatable issue. In fact both states wanted to normalize their relations with lots of efforts but Mombay attacks-2008 led down their relations once again and composite dialogue would suspended and both states were enormous to war level. In truly Lashkar-e-Tayaba was the responsible behind the Mombay attacks. Efforts of normalization the relations and holding the bilateral treaty among Pak-India was again stated with the composite dialogues of May-2011. In contrast, another attack on the Indian parliament in 2011that banned the Lashkar-e-Tayaba but it reversed
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PAKISTANS RELATIONS WITH INDIA: BEYOND KASHMIR? Asia Report N224 3 May 2012

in the form of Jamaat-ul-Dawa. So meanwhile, whenever Pak-India tried to normalize their relations; unfortunately, always situation didnt favor, and here foreign intervention (US) merge and keep both more destabilize. US played a vital role to keep Pak-India from bilateral treaty, for the following reasons: 1. US dont want to see Pak-India as one strong ally, because US has its own interests in Asia. If Pak-India would become an ally, US interests from Asia possibly victimize. 2. US economic trade would reduce. 3. US weaponry would not be selling more in Pak-India. 4. It may be threat for US to withdraw its all forces from entire Asia. 5. Pak-India then, in the perception of US would become the dominant in the east region. 6. Pak-India would become economy emerged and that would be threat for International community, because china is already emerged as the most developed nationcompeting with US. So America would not allow Pakistan and India to make bilateral treaty. According to Najam Sethi, he once addressed the friendship of Pakistan and china and he stressed that, luckily it is always said that Pakistan and china friendship is so strong and china always helped Pakistan in crises, so pointed out that it is only Pakistans memorandum of understanding that Pakistan has always chosen the side of china and ignored the US assessment toward Pakistan in crises better than elsewhere in the world. He further said that Chinese prime minter said in Chinese ministry that we are assisting Pakistan with 10 Arab dollars for flood emergence and Pakistani newspapers have indicated about 30 Arab dollars. And china publically would be merged in the Pakistans eyesight. On the other hand US was already assisting 30 times more than Chinese assistance and US is always criticized from the Pakistans people voices. It was Mr. Najam Sethi and his views.

Kashmir Issue: In the process of capturing a critical overview of the IndiaPakistan conflict over Kashmir, this article argues that the causes of such conflict can be traced to the processes of state formation and nation building in India and Pakistan that began after the partition of the subcontinent. Thus the notions of secular nationalism and two-nation theory were deployed, by India and Pakistan respectively, to integrate Kashmir within their fold2. While assessing the viewpoints of the contending parties, the article suggests that resolution of the Kashmir question is dependent on the overall cordiality in IndiaPakistan ties. In this context, it suggests constructive alternatives to prevent conflicts and ameliorate IndiaPakistan relations on the basis of prevailing realities, in two ways. Initially it reflects briefly on the possible measures to reconstruct the conflict-ravaged state of Jammu and Kashmir and subsequently it underscores the significance of the hitherto neglected peace related projects built through trade and development cooperation. The South Asian region is widely considered to be one of the most dangerously unstable regions in the world with the two nuclear-armed countries, India and Pakistan, in conflict over a number of outstanding issues3.

Recent Efforts to resolve Kashmir Issue: WASHINGTON Called Kashmir a vitally important question, the United States has said it is encouraging both Pakistan and India to discuss and move towards a resolution of the decades-old South Asian dispute, that is Kashmir issue. And US named it a vitally important. According to the Assistant Secretary of State for Public Affairs Philip J Crowley, On the issue of Kashmir, we continue to encourage dialogue between Pakistan and India, by the US it the vitally important question for both states. We are supporting both countries in trying to find a way to discuss this issue, and reduce

http://sas.sagepub.com/content/12/1/47.short Happymon Jacob, Contours of the Contemporary Kashmir Conflict: Geopolitics, Soft Borders and India-Pakistan Relations
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tensions and ultimately resolve this issue. However, US always tried to keep deterrence between India and Pakistan; US didnt want to normalize their relations. Dialogue Process: There is mounting realization in Pakistan and India that both states need to work toward improving their bilateral relations and sketch on the benefits of cooperative interaction. This calls for invoking dialogue for addressing the contentious issues in a spirit or resolving the problems through manually acceptable solutions. Latest Dialogue Process: The latest phase of the dialogue between Pakistan and India began when the interior/ Home secretaries of Pakistan and India met in New Delhi on the March 28-29, 2011. They agreed among the things to establish the terror hotline between both states capitals Islamabad and Delhi for communicating, accumulating and cooperating quickly on the terrorists threats. At the very next day 30th of March Pakistans Prime Minister Yusuf Raza Gillani visited to Mohali for the Semifinal between Pakistan and India on the invitation of his counterpart Dr. Man Mohan Singh to watch the match. They exchange the ideas there for the more cooperation among Pakistan and India and set another round of dialogue between the two countries. There have been several rounds of talks at different levels during March 2011Augut 2012 and there appears to be much relaxation of tension between the two countries. However, two trends are noteworthy: 1. Efforts were made for the cooperation and to normalize the trade by 2013. 2. All dialogues ended with the positive points but no any progress toward problems has been appeared. There was reflecting only one positive aspect of dialogue process that both sides leaders were optimistic about the outcome of dialogues process. India and Pakistan should not just held the negotiation to show the international community that we are doing efforts to minimize our issues; but they must be

cooperative and establish the management of the conflict. If they are not willing to resolve their solutions and maintaining their bilateral relations, dialogues are useless. On the commenting of new dialogue process, Indian prime said on 4, 2011 that we will enter these talks with [an] open mind. We wish to resolve all outstanding issues between two countries through friendly dialogues and purposeful negotiations. And this includes the issue of Jammu and Kashmir. Further Indian prime minister made another statement of 17, 2011: if I can succeed in normalizing relations between India and Pakistan as they should prevail between two normal states, I would consider my job well-done.

Challenges to dialogues: A solution oriented dialogue is the challenging task for Pakistan and India, because historically both states have always conflict and never sought any proper solutions which affect long time. At times, the governments of two countries may not feel confident to normalize their relations, in fact it is based on democratic way and peopl es wishes are very vital for this precious bilateral treaty among Pakistan and India. If both countries are willing to normalize their relations but at the domestic level it is very contradict by the public, the process of dialogues and efforts made by these both stats on the issues to resolve will be the useless4.

Pakistan India relations: the revived dialogue and the future prospects. August 2012

Conclusion: Pakistan and India make dialogue process many times in their history, but this paper was focused on the dialogue process of 2011-12. However Pakistan and India kept dialogue during 2011-12 but the solutions of the problems is remained hidden or it couldnt be found in dialogue process. The paper discussed the foreign intervention among the bilateral relations of Pakistan and India, so I agree the conflicts which is not resolved between India and Pakistan are basically due to US intervention. US throughout the history didnt want to see them a single unit in entire Asia. The objects of US behind it have been discussed in this paper. Public matter is also essential for making the bilateral relations among these both states. If countries are willing to make their relations normalize and public dont support them, the effort would be then useless. If both states really want to make their relations normalize, the must take the public into confident and Pakistan and India must neglect the intervention of US. Pakistan has given the most favored nation to India but in fact if the relations would not favored, the MFN might be failed. They must make bilateral treaty among the basis of their national interests, natural resources, their military might and so on.