Cross Polarization Interference Cancellation (XPIC)

Introduction

Introduction
Two data channels are transmitted & received over the same frequency on dual polarization (H & V) Crosstalk between the polarizations due to imperfect antenna isolation and channel degradation can be effectively cancelled at the receiver using -

XPIC Cross Polarization Interference Cancellation/Canceller

A

Ideal solution for frequency- crowded areas Using one frequency for two carriers

V fx H
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Decoding the received signal

Both IDUs on each site communicate through the Backplane of the Nodal Enclosure

Nodal Enclosure

Nodal Enclosure

S
S

M
M

M
M

S
S

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Decoding the H signal

Each IDU accommodates 2 modems (Master and Slave) In each site, the Main IDU communicates with the Mate IDU via the backplane The Master modem (V) sends its signal (V) to the Mate Slave The Mate Slave produces the interference signal (v) and sends it to its H-Master

Transmitter
H-Master
Mate IDU

Receiver
H+v H-Master v H
backplane

Slave

Slave

Main IDU

V-Master
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V+h V-Master
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backplane

Slave

Slave

Decoding the H signal - continued

By knowing the interference level (v), the Master Modem (H) can demodulate the
received horizontal signal (H)

The vertical channel is decoded similarly

Transmitter
H-Master
Mate IDU

Receiver
H+v H-Master v H
backplane

Slave

Slave

Main IDU

V-Master
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V+h V-Master
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backplane

Slave

Slave

Guidelines
1. XPIC is supported with IP-10G IDUs in version 6.6.1 and higher 2. XPIC can only be configured in a node: slots 1+2 and/or slots 3+4 and/or slots 5+6 3. IDU license determines the allowed script and link capacity 4. Identical configuration should be used in all IDUs participating in a link:

XPIC Script Frequencies SW version (IDU, ODU) HW version (IDU, ODU) Protection is disabled

If any of these conditions is not met, an alarm will alert user. In addition, events will inform user of which conditions are not met.

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XPIC Recovery Mechanism

The main purpose of the Recovery Mechanism is to recover link availability
due to hardware problem rather than fading issues

The recovery mechanism maintains a working link while attempting to recover

the faulty polarization

The mechanism applies periodic attempts to mute the problematic remote

transmitter

The time between one attempt and another is exponentially increased to

avoid unnecessary TX Mute when interference is temporary (allowing sufficient to recover)

At the end of the process, if the problem still exists, the problematic link will
be permanently muted unless the user manually un-mutes it

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XPIC Recovery Mechanism

The indication to entry the recovery mechanism is a loss of modem
preamble lock, which takes place at SNR~10dB

The number of Mute/Un-mute attempts is user-configurable: 1.Recovery attempt time 2.Initial time between attempts 3.Multiplication factor for attempt time 4.Number of retries 5.Enable / Disable Users are advised to maintain Factory Defaults

Please Note: Every recovery attempt will cause a brief traffic hit in the working link
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2+0 2U Setup
2 IDUs are installed in each node using an enclosure shelf We assume slot 1 is using Vertical polarization and slot 2 Horizontal polarization

V+h
Each node includes
2 x RFU-C Coupler Dual pole antenna

h/v

H+v
H
v
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H
v
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6+0 6U Setup
6 IDUs are installed in each node using enclosure shelves
Possible configurations: Slot 1 + slot 2 Slot 3 + slot 4 Slot 5 + slot 6

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Multi-Radio Configuration

What is Multi-Radio?
Allows splitting traffic from one Ethernet port

into two links in a 2+0 configuration Multi-Radio saves the need to have an external device to combine traffic from two Ethernet ports in order to reach beyond 567Mb The 2+0 configuration can be either XPIC or different frequencies

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How Does it Work?

Every bit is transmitted either over the master or the slave The distribution is proportional to the available bandwidth in every link If both links have the same capacity, half the data is sent through each

link If the links use different modulations, data is distributed proportionally in order to maximize the available bandwidth If the links have different capacity, data is distributed proportionally in order to maximize the available bandwidth

Slave

Slave

Master

Master

Packet to send: 101010111010010100

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EMS Configuration

Logging in

Extension
Main

1. Log in to the EMS 2. Execute the following steps to Main IDU and
Extension IDU on both ends of the link

3. When configuring an IDU, make sure the relevant

unit is selected (a black line will highlight selected IDU)

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Versions
Check that your IDUs and ODUs are installed with the required version (6.6.1 or higher)

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XPIC Script
Apply the required script to both IDUs (Main & Ext.) on both ends:
1. Expand the + icon next to the script in the MRMC Table 2. Click the Apply button 3. IDU will automatically restart to apply the new script

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XPIC Script - 2
When IDUs complete the reset process, verify XPIC script is successfully assigned.

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XPIC Configured
Verify Main View in GUI shows icon next to IDUs

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Radio Parameters
1. Verify that no alarms exist in the system. 2. Clear the defected blocks counter and verify that there are no errors in the
system. 3. Read the MSE and XPI and verify that they fit the link design (if no values are defined, verify that they are below 34dB and above 25dB, respectively).

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Radio Parameters scroll down to bottom of page

Configure Radio Parameters and verify both links (H+V) are operational

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Troubleshooting

Link Commissioning
1. Make sure IF Cables are identical in length (H and V)
2. Commission the H link as a single link system with V channel muted,
verify RSL and MSE are as expected

3. Commission the V link as a single link system with H channel muted,

verify RSL and MSE are as expected

4. Check stability of RSL readings 5. Upon confirming the above steps, proceed to configure XPIC as explained
in previous slides

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Improving XPI Levels

When XPI levels < 25, antenna feeders need to be re-aligned. One of the parameters that impacts the XPI is the antenna XPD
(Cross Polarization Discrimination)

In the following steps, we shall measure the antenna XPD to determine the
XPD of each antenna
1. 2. 3. Mute H transmitters on both ends: H link is irrelevant now Measure RSL on H receivers: we measure the v interference now Measure RSL on V receivers calculate the difference between V and H

TX = OFF
In this example, the XPD is not good enough: The difference is only 20dB

TX = OFF

RSL = -70dBm

We need to aim for a bigger difference (better XPI)

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RSL = -50dBm H v
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H v

Improving XPI Levels

4. Re-align the antenna feeders to read a bigger difference:

RSLH RSLV > 25dB

5. Un-mute the H transmitters 6. Repeat steps 1-4 for the V link TX = OFF
In this example, the XPD is much better: The difference 28dB That means, XPI = 28dB
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TX = OFF

RSL = -78dBm

RSL = -50dBm H v
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H v

XPIC Events (EMS Event Log)

During the XPIC mechanism, events are displayed in the EMS Event log to
allow detailed description and effective troubleshooting

Various cases are encoded as a single event with a bitmask code Event title = Insufficient conditions for XPIC Bitmask Codes -

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XPIC Events (EMS Event Log)

The following events indicate changes in the XPIC state:

Remote TX Mute (try # n) was Set by XPIC Recovery on Slot # n Remote TX Un-mute (try # n ) was Set by XPIC Recovery on Slot # n XPIC Recovery Started on Slot # n XPIC Recovery Finished Successfully on Slot # n XPIC Recovery Finished Unsuccessfully on Slot # n. Remote Mute was Set XPIC Recovery on Slot # n Stopped Due to an External Event XPIC Recovery (XRSM) was disabled XPIC Recovery (XRSM) was enabled

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XPIC Events (EMS Event Log) - Example

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XPIC Performance Monitoring

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Thank You

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