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1. a segment containing the points A and 8 2. a ray with endpoint M that passes through N
8
)------;
/y
4. three coplanar lines intersecting ih one point. Name each of the following. 5. three coplanar points 6. a line contained in neither plane 7. a segment contained in plane R 8. a line contained in both planes FG A,B,C
8E
I I c> I -5
1 1 I I I I
BC
0
r-.11.AC
5
9. AB 3.5
10.8C
1.5
23
Geometry
26
X
3X+ 2
z
+ 27.
14
o(
19. m L XYZ
acute
89
obtuse
22. MT bisects L LMP, m L LMT, = (3x + 12)0 , and m L TMP, = (6x- 24) Find m L LMP.
0
23. Use a protractor and a straightedge to draw an 80 angle. Then bisect the angle.
/
/ /
/
/
/ /
/
14 Pairs of Angles
Tell whether the angles are only adjacent, adjacent and form a linear pair, or not adjacent.
24. L2 and L3
25. L3 and L4
24
Geometry
If mLA = (7 x- 12)
29.
4x
30. i_j
+12x
2X+ 8
3x-2
= 9x + 6;
= 4x 2 + 16x
32.
31.
x-3
P = 33 em; A= 50.06 cm 2
P = 6x - 6; A = 2x2 + 6x
33. Find the circumference and area of a circle with radius 9 in. Use then key on your calculator and round to the nearest tenth.
C 56.5 in.; A254.5 in
2
(-3, 2.5)
Copyright by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
25
Geometry
35. Sis the midpoint of RT, R has coordinates (-4, -3) and S has coordinates (3, 5). Find the coordinates of T.
(10, 13) 36. Using the distance formula, find PO and RS to the nearest tenth. Then determine if PO :::.: RS.
\126 = 5.1;
yes; PQ:::::: RS
37. Using the Distance Formula and the Pythagorean Theorem, find the distance, to the nearest tenth, from M(4, -3) to N(-5, 2).
v106:::::: 10.3
38.
FQc
'A BAo' 8
E
D
D'
39.K'DL'
K
transformation.
M
L
A'B'C'D'E'
reflection: ABCDE
26
Geometry
41. A figure has vertices at A(2, 4), 8( -5, 1) and C(O, -3). After a transformation, the image of the figure has vertices at A'(5, 6), 8'( -2, 3), and C'(3, -1). Graph the preimage and image. Then, identify the transformation. Transformation: (x, y) (X+ 3, y+ 2)
27
Geometry
H Chapter Review
21 Using Inductive Reasoning to Make Conjectures
Find the next term in each pattern. 1. 6, 12, 18, ... 2. January, April, July, ... October
Student Ann Betsy Carla Denise Ellen Morning Afternoon
24
3. The table shows the score on a reaction time test given to five students in both the morning and afternoon. The lower scores indicate a faster reaction time. Use the table to make a conjecture about reaction times. The scores for the afternoon test were lower, indicating a faster reaction time as compared to the morning test.
2.4
3.1
1.9
2.7
3.9
2.8 2 . 0
4. Show that the conjecture "If a number is a multiple of 5, then it is an odd number'' is false by finding a counterexample. (10, 20, 30) are counterexamples. . .
22 Conditional Statements
5. Identify the hypothesis and conclusion of the conditional statement "Two angles whose sum is goo are complementary angles". Hypothesis:Two angles whose sum is goo. Conclusion:The angles are complementary. Write a conditional statement from each of the following.
If a number is an even number, then it is an integer. If an angle measurers 90, then the angle is a 7. An angle that measures goo is a right angle. right angle.
43
Geometry
False, x = 7
10. Write the converse, inverse, and contrapositive of the statement "If a number is divisible by 4, then it is an even number." Find the truth value of each. converse: If a number is an even number, then it is divisible by 4 truth value: F inverse: If a number is not divisible by 4, tllen it is not an even number. truth value: F contrapositive: If a number is not an even number, then it is not divisible by 4. truth value: T
44
Geometry
15.m+3=-2
Prop. of Equality m = 8 Simplify. Identify the property that justifies each statement.
EF,
45
Geometry
----
- --
J 2. mL 1 = m L4
1 m-L1 mL2 = mLMOP 3 j mL3 + mL4 = mLMOP
1
m_ 1
+ m L2 = m L 3 + m L 1
L2 _ mL_ 3 23. Use the given plan to write a two-column proof. Given: LMOPL NOQ Prove: L MON = LPOQ
j 6. Subtraction..Proprty of Equality
Plan: By the definition of angle 0 congruence, mLMOP = mLNOQ. Use the angle addition postulate to show that mLMOP = mLMON + mLNOP. Show a similar statement for LNOQ. Use the given fact to equate mLMON + mLNOP and mLPOQ + mLNOP. The subtraction property of equality allows you to show m L MON = mLPOQ. Use the definition of congruent triangles to establish what needs to be proved. Statements LMOP ::::: LNOQ , mLMOP = mLNOQ mLMON + mLNOP = mLMOP mLPOQ + mLNOP = mLNOQ mLMON mLNOP Given Definition of Congruent Angles Angle Addition Postulate Transitive Property of Equality Subtraction Property of Equality Definition of Congruent Angles Reasons
+ mLNOP =
mLPOQ +
--
46
Geometry
9.
10.
11.
66
Geometry
12. mL2
mL 7
13. m L 3 x mL 7 = 180
15. mL 1mL5
=
16. If L 1 :::: L 2, write a paragraph proof to show that DC It is given that L1 :.:::: L2, and since vertical angles are congruent, L2 :.:::: L3. By the transitive property, L 1 :::: L3 and therefore DC II AB because when two lines are cut by a transversal, and corresponding angles are congruent, the lines are parallel (corresponding angles congruent postulate).
II AB.
.- 1r--- ---- t
8
.-I
---- - ---
Statements
I
Reasons
lo---
1 . r _l_ v, L 1L2
2. s II v
1
I
j
J
Geometry
3. r _l_ s
67
1a.
cr
4
19.
A8
3
4
20.
Ef:
i 2
21.
Da
2 3
3 4
-4
Graph each pair of lines and use their slopes to determine if they are parallel, perpendicular, or neither. 26.
Co and AB for
27.
parallel
perpendicular
68
Geometry
29.
neither
neither
30. the line through (1, -1) and ( -3, -3) in slope-intercept form
31. the line through ( -5, -6) with slopein point-slope form 32. the line with y-intercept 3 through the point (4, 1) in slope-intercept form
y=x-2
2
Y + 6 = 5(x + S)
y= 2 x- 2
34. y= -3x+ 2
35.x= 4
36. y
+2
-1(x - 3)
:=)..)....
)y
69
Geometry
37.
38.
39.
X=
-3
y=3
= -:-2x + 1
4x+5y=10 40. Y
=
- x+ 2
41
_y=-7x+1 y= -7x- 3
parallel
42
y= 6x- 5 4x + 6y= 8
intersect
coincide
70
Geometry
Chapter Review
41 Classifying Triangles
Classify each triangle by its angle measure.
1. 6XYZ
Acute
2.6XYW Equiangular
3.6XZW Obtuse
X
4. 60EF
Equilateral
5. 6DEG
Scalene
6.6EFG Isosceles
F
&
.
L
7. mLACB
B.mLK
M
9. A carpenter built a triangular support structure for a roof. Two of the angles of the structure measure 32.5 and 47.5. Find the measure of the third angle.
43 Congruent Triangles
Given l:lABC :::: l:lXYZ. Identify the congruent corresponding parts.
10. BC::::
12. LA-
YZ
11.
zxLB
LX
13. L Y::::
14.x
14
15. RP 15
J
2y-1
93
Geometry
e II k; 80 CD; A8
:::: AC; AD
l_
e
k
c
Statements
1. 80 CO ; AB :::: AC;
2. ADAD 3.
e 11 k; AD 1_ C8;
AD 1_
xw
3. Given 4. Def. of
l_
lines
6. Given
7. Parallel lines cut by a transversal, alternate interior angles are congruent. 8. Transitive Property of Congruence 9. Third Angles Theorem
44 Triangle Congruence: SSS and SAS 17. Given that HIJK is a rhombus, use SSS to explain
why 6HIL 6JKL.
HI:::: JK by the definition of a rhombus. HL :::: JL and Ll:::: LK because diagonals of a rhombus bisect each other.Therefore, b.HIL :::: b.JKL by SSS.
94
Geometry
1. NR PR; MR :=:-OR
2. LMRN - LQRP
1. Given
2. Vertical angles are congruent
Q
3. L.MNR::::: L.QPR
13. SAS
J 21. Use ASA to prove the triangles congruent. Given: 80 bisects LABC and LADC Prove: L.ABD ::::: 6CBD Statements 1. SD bisects LABC and LADC 2. LASD :::= LCBD, LADS :::= LCDS 3. SD= SD 4. L..ASD :::= b..CSD Reasons 1. Given
s
A
95
Geometry
== XZ
3. !;:,.UZV
== /;:,. YZX
4. XY:::: VU
4. CPCTC
;_ _ _ ..:._
. !...........
; :
-8
..6.._------'-----f;J
-- - ------ --
....
j _,: ..:.....:...............: .. .
:tb :r!}Fi-(s;:
-1 ......
Q)
96
Geometry
r ) \ a,
because
--------
(0, c)
diagonals of rectangles bisect each other, meaning they intersect at each other's midpoints. By the midpoint formula the coordinates of z are {\Q.+a 2 ' 2 .
O+c)
26. mL B
27. mLHEF
28. Given: b.PQR has coordinates P(O, 0), Q(2a, 0), and R(a, aV3) Prove: 6PQR is equilateral. y
PQ = v'(o QR
- 2a)2 + (0
2
RP = Y(a
- 0) + (aV3 - 0)
= 2a
Since PQ
QR
97
Geometry
HIChapter Review
5-1 Perpendicular and Angle Bisectors
Find each measure.
1. BC
B 5.6 0
2.RS
3.XW
c
11.2
43
w
27
4. Write an equation in point-slope form for the perpendicular bisector of the segment with endpoints K(10, 3) and L( -2, -5).
52 Bisectors of Triangles
5. NP, OP, MP are the perpendicular bisectors of i'::.JKL. Find PK and JM. K
6. DH and OG are angle bisectors of i'::.EGH. Find mLEHD and the distance from 0 to GH.
G
E 7. Find the circumcenter of i'::.JKL with vertices J(O, 6), K(B, 0) and L(O, 0). (4, 3)
117
Geometry
3,3
9. Find the orthocenter of 6WYX with vertices W(1, 2), X(7, 2), and Y(3, 5).
102 meters
12. Write an indirect proof that an equiangular triangle can not have an obtuse angle.
may vary. An equiangular triangle 1 Prove: The triangle does not have an obtuse angle I 2. Assume the equiangular triangle has an obtuse angle 3. An equilateral triangle, by definition, is a triangle whose angles are all congruent. Since the sum of the angles in a triangle measure 180, then each angle in an equiangular triangle must measure 60. j An obtuse angle, by definition, is an angle whose measure is greater! than goo. Since 60 is less then 90, none of the angles are obtuse. 1 I 4. Original conjecture is true. An equiangular triangle cannot have an j obtuse an le.
. G ;:
118
Geometry
c
62.4
AC, AB, BC
Tell whether a triangle can have sides with given lengths. Explain. 15. 7.7, 9.4, 16.1 16. 3r,
r + 4, r 2 when r = 5
Yes, the sum of each pair of lengths is greater than the third length.
No, the sum of the pair of lengths is not greater than the third length in all cases.
17. The distance from Tyler's house to the library is 3 miles. The distance from his home to the park is 12 miles. If the three locations form a triangle, what is the range of distance from the library to the park? 9 < d< 15 miles
mLCAD.
A
v
1.5
NP>KL
<X< 19
119
Geometry