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LADDERS AND PLATFORMS Water Conditioning GRD2000 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

Technical Bulletin 6.06, Rev. 0 December 1998

Ladders and Platforms

29 Royal Road, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1H 1G2

Telephone:(519) 836-0500, Fax:(519) 837-3067, Website www.glegg.com

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LADDERS AND PLATFORMS Water Conditioning GRD2000 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

Technical Bulletin 6.06, Rev. 0 December 1998

Table of Contents
Section 1.0 2.0 3.0 Scope References Design
3.1 3.2 3.3 General Loads Dimensional Requirements

Page
2 2 3 3 5 5 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 14 14 14 14 14 15 15

4.0

Materials of Construction
4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 General Ladders Cages Platforms Railings Grating Fasteners

5.0

Fabrication
5.1 5.2 5.3 Weld Procedures and Qualifications Cleaning, Surface Preparation and Cleanliness Filler Metal

6.0 7.0

Inspection, Examination and Testing Preparation for Surface Finish

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LADDERS AND PLATFORMS Water Conditioning GRD2000 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

Technical Bulletin 6.06, Rev. 0 December 1998 1.0 Scope
This specification establishes the minimum requirements for the mechanical design, materials, fabrication, testing and inspection for fixed vertical ladders, cages, platforms, railings and gratings.

2.0 References
The latest editions or revisions of the following references are part of this specification. American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) Section II Material Specification American National Standards Institute (ANSI) A58.1 Minimum Design Loads For Buildings And Other Structures A1264.1 Safety Requirements for Floor and Wall Openings, Railings and Toeboards B1.1 Unified Inch Screw Threads B18.2.1 Square & Hex Bolts & Screws B18.2.2 Square & Hex Nuts B36.1 0 Welded & Seamless Wrought Steel Pipe Manufacturers Standardization Society (MSS) SP25 Standard Marking Systems For Valves, Fittings, Flanges & Unions American Welding Society (AWS) A5.xx Filler Metal Specifications B2.1 Standard for Welding Procedure and Performance Qualification D1.1 Structural Welding Code-Steel Canadian Welding Bureau (CWB) W47.1 Certification of Companies for Fusion Welding of Steel Structures W59 Welded Steel Construction (Metal Arc Welding) Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) 3124 Safety Standards for Stairways and Ladders American Society of Safety Engineers (ASSE) A14.3-1992 Safety Requirements for Fixed Ladders Selected figures of fixed ladders are reprinted from American National Standard Safety Requirements for Fixed Ladders, ANSI A14.3-1992, 1992 by the American Society of Safety Engineers and approved on November 24, 1992 by the American National Standards Institute. Copies of the standard may be purchased from the American Society of Safety Engineers, 1800 E. Oakton Street, Des Plaines, Illinois, 60018.

29 Royal Road, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1H 1G2

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LADDERS AND PLATFORMS Water Conditioning GRD2000 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

Technical Bulletin 6.06, Rev. 0 December 1998 3.0 Design
3.1 General 3.1.1 Ladders shall be used at a pitch no greater than 90 from the horizontal.

Figure 6-1: Pitch of Fixed Ladder 3.1.2 The spacing between ladder supports shall not exceed 10- 0.

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LADDERS AND PLATFORMS Water Conditioning GRD2000 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

Technical Bulletin 6.06, Rev. 0 December 1998

Figure 6-2: Support and Ladder Dimensions and Side Clearances (American Society of Safety Engineers, reprinted with permission. See page 20)

3.1.3 3.1.4 3.1.5

Ladders originating at grade shall be anchored to the floor. The rungs of ladders shall be shaped to prevent slipping off of the rung. Rungs shall be free of sharp edges, burrs or projections which may be hazardous.

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LADDERS AND PLATFORMS Water Conditioning GRD2000 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

Technical Bulletin 6.06, Rev. 0 December 1998
3.1.6 Side rails which shall be used as a climbing aid shall be of suitable cross section to afford adequate gripping and shall be free of sharp edges, burrs or projections which may be hazardous. The horizontal bands of cages shall be welded to the side rails of the ladder. The vertical bars in the cages shall be on the inside of the horizontal bands and shall be continuously welded to the horizontal bands. The inside of the cage shall be free from projections.

3.1.7 3.1.8

3.1.9

3.1.10 Metal ladders, cages, platforms, railings, grating and appurtenances shall be painted or galvanized to resist corrosion. 3.2 Loads Ladders: Fixed ladders shall be designed to support at least two loads of 250 pounds each, concentrated between any two consecutive attachments. Each rung shall be capable of supporting a load of 250 pounds applied at midspan. Ladders shall also support additional loads that may occur as a result of wind. Design for impact load shall not be required because this specification does not permit the use of ladder safety devices. Platforms: Platforms shall be designed to support a uniform load of 50 psf or a concentrated load of 1,000 pounds at any place on the span without deflecting the platform by more than 1/360 of the unsupported span length. Railings: Railings shall be designed to support a concentrated load of 200 pounds applied in any direction at any point on the top rail. 3.3 Dimensional Requirements Ladders: The top of the lowest rung shall not be more than 18 from the top of the ground, floor or platform from which access to the ladder originates. The spacing between the top sides of adjacent rungs shall be 12. The minimum clear distance between the sides of the ladder and between the side rails of other fixed ladders shall be 16.

29 Royal Road, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1H 1G2

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LADDERS AND PLATFORMS Water Conditioning GRD2000 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

Technical Bulletin 6.06, Rev. 0 December 1998

Figure 6-3: Termination at Floor or Platform (American Society of Safety Engineers, reprinted with permission. See pages 21 & 26)

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LADDERS AND PLATFORMS Water Conditioning GRD2000 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

Technical Bulletin 6.06, Rev. 0 December 1998
The minimum clear distance between the side rails of ladders without cages and the nearest permanent object is 15 from the midspan of the rung. The minimum perpendicular distance between the centerlines of the ladder rungs and any obstruction behind the ladder shall be 7. The minimum perpendicular distance between the centerlines of the ladder rungs and any obstruction on the climbing side of the ladder shall be 30. The distance between the ladder side rails shall be 16". Ladders shall extend a minimum of 42 above the access level or platform. The rungs shall be removed from the extension and the top of the top rung shall be level with the top of the platform. The side rails shall be flared to 24" clearance between the side rails. The step across distance between the center of the rungs of a ladder and the nearest landing shall be no less than 2-1/2" and no more than 12". A landing platform is required if the step across distance is greater than 12". Ladders do not require cages if the length of the climb is less than or equal to 20 feet. Cages are required if the length of the climb is greater than 20 feet. The maximum climbing height of each ladder section shall not exceed 50 feet. Ladder sections shall be offset from adjacent sections and landing platforms shall be provided when the climb is greater than 50 feet.

29 Royal Road, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1H 1G2

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LADDERS AND PLATFORMS Water Conditioning GRD2000 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

Technical Bulletin 6.06, Rev. 0 December 1998

Figure 6-4: Configuration of Ladders and Cages (American Society of Safety Engineers, reprinted with permission. See page 19)

Ladder Cages: The inside radius of a ladder cage shall be 15" and the center of the radius shall be 15" from the center and the midspan of the rung. The horizontal bands shall be spaced at intervals not exceeding 48" centerline to centerline. The vertical bars shall be spaced at intervals not exceeding 9-1/2" centerline to centerline. This equates to eight bars equally spaced at 36-degree intervals. The bottom of the cage shall not be lower than 7- 0" above the point of access and shall not be more than 8- 0" above the point of access. The bottom of the cage shall be flared 4" between the bottom horizontal band and the next higher band. Cages shall extend a minimum of 42" above the access level or platform.

29 Royal Road, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1H 1G2

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LADDERS AND PLATFORMS Water Conditioning GRD2000 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

Technical Bulletin 6.06, Rev. 0 December 1998

Figure 6-5: General Construction of Cages

Platforms: The maximum span between tank supports or ground supports shall not exceed 25-0". Platforms shall not be less than 24" wide and 30" long. Toeboards shall be installed around the perimeter of the platform, with the exception of entrances to ladders, and shall provide a height of 4" above the top of the platform grating. The grating sections shall be 34 7/8" x 35-3/4" and shall be secured to the toeboard with standard metal saddle clips. There shall be one clip in each corner of the platform and one clip between each section of grating on each side of the platform.
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LADDERS AND PLATFORMS Water Conditioning GRD2000 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

Technical Bulletin 6.06, Rev. 0 December 1998

Figure 6-6: Example of a Cage Plan Railings: Railing shall be installed around the perimeter of the platform, with the exception of entrances to ladders. The top rail shall be 42" above the top of the grating. The midrail shall be located midway between the top rail and the top of the grating. The maximum spacing between vertical posts shall be 42".

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LADDERS AND PLATFORMS Water Conditioning GRD2000 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

Technical Bulletin 6.06, Rev. 0 December 1998

Figure 6-7: Example drawing of ladder, platform, and cage

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LADDERS AND PLATFORMS Water Conditioning GRD2000 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

Technical Bulletin 6.06, Rev. 0 December 1998

Figure 6-8: Example drawing of ladder, platform, and cage

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LADDERS AND PLATFORMS Water Conditioning GRD2000 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

Technical Bulletin 6.06, Rev. 0 December 1998 4.0 Materials of Construction
4.1 General All steel shall conform to the chemical and mechanical requirements of referenced material specifications. 4.2 Ladders The side rails of ladders shall be fabricated from 1/2 x 2-1/2 (4.25 lb/ft) CSA G40.21 GRADE 44W or ASTM SA36 flat bar. The rungs shall be fabricated from 3/4 dia. (1.502 lb/ft) CSA G40.21 GRADE 44W or ASTM SA36 round bar. 4.3 Cages The horizontal bands and the vertical bars shall be fabricated from 1/4" x 2" (1.70lb/ft) CSA G40.21 GRADE 44W or ASTM SA36 flat bar. 4.4 Platforms The toeboards shall be fabricated from 6 x 3-1/2 x 5/16 (9.8 lb/ft) CSA G40.21 GRADE 44W or ASTM SA36 unequal leg angle. The maximum unsupported length of a platform fabricated from this angle is 72". When the unsupported length of a platform is greater than 72" another structural section or a composite section shall be used to comply with the above referenced loading requirements. The intermediate cross bracing, when required, shall be fabricated from 5/16 x 2-1/2" (2.66 lb/ft) CSA G40.21 GRADE 44W or ASTM SA36 flat bar. 4.5 Railings The vertical posts shall be fabricated from 2" x 2" x 1/4" (3.19 lb/ft) CSA G40.21 GRADE 44W or ASTM SA36 angle. The top rail shall be fabricated from 2" x 2" x 1/4" (3.19 lb/ft) CSA G40.21 GRADE 44W or ASTM SA36 angle. The midrail shall be fabricated from 1/2 x 2" (3.40 lb/ft) CSA G40.21 GRADE 44W or ASTM SA36 flat bar. 4.6 Grating The grating shall be the non-slip, welded rectangular type. The bearing bars shall be 1" x 1/8" flat bar spaced on 1-3/16" centers. The cross bars shall be 3/4" x 1/8" flat bar spaced on 4 centers (5.5 lb/sq ft). The bearing bars shall run across the width of the platform. All materials shall comply with CSA G40.21 GRADE 44W or ASTM SA36.

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LADDERS AND PLATFORMS Water Conditioning GRD2000 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

Technical Bulletin 6.06, Rev. 0 December 1998
4.7 Fasteners The bolting materials shall be ASTM A307 GRADE B plated hex head cap screw and ASTM A563 GRADE A plated hex nuts. All bolting shall be 5/8-11 UNC unless otherwise noted.

5.0 Fabrication
5.1 Weld Processes and Qualifications The following welding processes are acceptable: Submerged Arc Welding (SAW). Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW). Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW) with an inert shielding gas. Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW) with an inert shielding gas.

All welding shall be performed by qualified welders using qualified welding procedures. Welders, welding operators and welding procedures shall be qualified in accordance with The American Welding Society (AWS) or The Canadian Welding Bureau (CWB). Welding procedure specifications (WPS) and procedure qualifications (PQR) shall be available for review upon request. 5.2 Cleaning, Surface Preparation and Cleanliness 5.2.1 All surfaces to be welded shall be cleaned and free of moisture, paint, oil, grease, rust, scale or other material that would be detrimental to either the weld or base metal under welding conditions. Each layer of weld metal of multipass welding shall be thoroughly cleaned of slag and other deposits before applying the next pass. Peening is not permitted. Surface preparation for welds is acceptable only if the surface is reasonably smooth and true and all slag is cleaned from flame cut surfaces. After cleaning take suitable precautions to protect cleaned surfaces from contamination until welding is complete.

5.2.2

5.3

Filler Metal The filler metal shall have similar chemistry, corrosion resistance and mechanical properties of the base metal being welded. The filler metal shall conform to ASME Section II, Part C, AWS A5.xx or CWB.

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LADDERS AND PLATFORMS Water Conditioning GRD2000 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

Technical Bulletin 6.06, Rev. 0 December 1998 6.0 Inspection, Examination and Testing
Each component shall be inspected to ensure that all dimensions have been held within tolerance.

7.0 Preparation for Surface Finish

All metal surfaces shall be cleaned to remove loose scale, rust, grease, dirt, weld spatter and other foreign matter. All welds must be smooth with no porosity, holes, high spots, lumps or pockets. When a galvanized finish is requested, holes shall be drilled in the corners of the platform frame and handrails to enable proper drainage of the cleaning solutions and the molten zinc. All hollow structural steel (pipe, square and rectangular) must be properly vented to release entrained gas and liquid.

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