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Fundamentals of Physics, 8

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8
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EdCH11Rotational Motion II
9
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EdCH11Rolling, Torque, and Angular Momentum
8
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Ed

8
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EdHomework of Chapter 11
5, 7, 9, 13, 15, 23, 25, 27, 31, 35, 39, 41, 45, 53, 55, 57, 58, 59, 61, 67

8
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EdSample Problem 11-2
A uniform ball, of mass 6 M kg = and radius R, rolls smoothly from rest down a ramp at angle
30.0(Fig. 11-8). (a) The ball descends a vertical height 1.2 h m = to reach the bottom of the ramp.
What is its speed at the bottom? (b) What are the magnitude and direction of the frictional force on
the ball as it rolls down the ramp?

6R3011-8
(a) 1.2m
(b)

11-8
<> (a)
2 2
1 1
0 0
2 2
CM CM
I Mv Mgh

+ + = +




2
2
5
CM
I MR =

10 10
(9.8)(1.2) 4.10 /
7 7
CM
v gh m s = = =
(b)
,
2
sin
1
CM x
CM
g
a
I
MR

=
+
0 2
sin 5
(9.8)(sin30 ) 3.5 /
2
7
1
5
g
m s

= = =
+


,
2
CM x
s CM
a
f I
R
=
, 2
, 2
2 2
5 5
CM x
CM x
a
MR Ma
R

= =




2
2
(6 )( 3.5 / ) 8.40
5
kg m s N = =

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8
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EdProblem 11-29
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EdProblem 11-2
An automobile traveling at 80 / km h has tired of 75cmdiameter. (a) what is the angular speed of
the tires about their axles? (b) If the car is brought to a uniformly in 30 complete turns of the tires
(without skidding), what is the magnitude of the angular acceleration of the wheels? (c) How far
does the car move during the braking?



<>The initial speed of the car is ( ) 80 km/h (1000 m/km)(1 h/3600 s) 22.2m/s v = = .
The tire radius is R =0.750/2 =0.375 m.
(a) The initial speed of the car is the initial speed of the center of mass of the tire, so Eq.
11-2 leads to
com0
0
22.2m/s
59.3 rad/s.
0.375 m
v
R
= = =
(b) With =(30.0)(2) =188 rad and =0, Eq. 10-14 leads to
( )
2
2 2 2
0
(59.3 rad/s)
2 9.31 rad/s .
2 188 rad
= + = =
(c) Eq. 11-1 gives R =70.7 mfor the distance traveled.

8
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EdProblem 11-39
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EdProblem 11-5
A 1000kg car has four 10kg wheels. When the car is moving. What fraction of its total kinetic
energy is due to rotation of the wheels about their axles? Assume that the wheels have the same
rotational inertia as uniformdisk of the same mass and size. Why do you not need to know the
radius of the wheels?



<> Let M be the mass of the car (presumably including the mass of the wheels) and v be its
speed. Let I be the rotational inertia of one wheel and be the angular speed of each wheel.
The kinetic energy of rotation is K I
rot
=
F
H
G
I
K
J 4
1
2
2
,
where the factor 4 appears because there are four wheels. The total kinetic energy is given
by K Mv I = +
1
2
2 1
2
2
4( ) . The fraction of the total energy that is due to rotation is
fraction
rot
= =
+
K
K
I
Mv I
4
4
2
2 2

.
For a uniformdisk (relative to its center of mass) I mR =
1
2
2
(Table 10-2(c)). Since the
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wheels roll without sliding =v/R (Eq. 11-2). Thus the numerator of our fraction is
4 4
1
2
2
2 2
2
2
I mR
v
R
mv =
F
H
G
I
K
J
F
H
G
I
K
J =
and the fraction itself becomes
( )
2
2 2
2 10 2 2 1
fraction 0.020.
2 2 1000 50
mv m
Mv mv M m
= = = = =
+ +

The wheel radius cancels from the equations and is not needed in the computation.

8
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EdProblem 11-59
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EdProblem 11-3
A 140 kg hoop rolls along a horizontal oor so that the hoops center of mass has a speed of 0.150
m/s. How much work must be done on the hoop to stop it?

1400.150/


<>
2 2
1 1
2 2
K I mv = +

2
I mr =
140 m kg =
0.15 / v m s =

v
r
=

2 2
1 1
2 2
K mv I = +
2 2 2
1 1
( )( )
2 2
v
r
m v r m = +
2
mv =
2
(140)(0.15) 3.15J = =

8
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EdProblem 11-79
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EdProblem 11-11
In Fig. 11-31, a constant horizontal force
app
F

of magnitude 10 N is applied to a wheel of mass 10


kg and radius 0.30 m. The wheel rolls smoothly on the horizontal surface, and the acceleration of its
center of mass has magnitude
2
0.6 / m s . (a) In unit-vector notation, what is the frictional force on
the wheel? (b) What is the rotational inertia of the wheel about the rotation axis through its center of
mass?

11-31
app
F

10N10
0.30m
2
0.6 / m s a
b

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11-31

<> 10
app
F Ni =


(a)
app s
F f ma =
10 (10)(0.6) 4
s app
f F ma N = = =
(b) 0.3 R m =

2
0.6
2 /
0.3
com
a
rad s
R
= = =
I =

2
2
(0.3 )(4 )
0.6
2 /
m N
I kg m
rad s

= = =

8
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EdProblem 11-99
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EdProblem 11-7
In Fig. 11-33, a solid cylinder of radius 10 cm and mass 12 kg starts fromrest and rolls without
slipping a distance 6 L m = down a roof that is inclined at the angle
0
30 = . (a) What is the
angular speed of the cylinder about its center as it leaves the roof? (b) The roofs edge is at height
5 H m = . How far horizontally fromthe roofs edge does the cylinder hit the level ground?

11-3310cm12
6 L m =
0
30 = ab
5 H m =


11-33

<>(a) We find its angular speed as it leaves the roof using conservation of energy. Its initial
kinetic energy is K
i
=0 and its initial potential energy is U
i
= Mgh where
6.0sin30 3.0 m h = = (we are using the edge of the roof as our reference level for
computing U). Its final kinetic energy (as it leaves the roof) is (Eq. 11-5)
Fundamentals of Physics, 8
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K Mv I
f
= +
1
2
2 1
2
2
.
Here we use v to denote the speed of its center of mass and is its angular speed at
the moment it leaves the roof. Since (up to that moment) the ball rolls without sliding we
can set v =R =v where R =0.10 m. Using I MR =
1
2
2
(Table 10-2(c)), conservation
of energy leads to
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
1 1 1 1 3
.
2 2 2 4 4
Mgh Mv I MR MR MR = + = + =
The mass M cancels from the equation, and we obtain
= = =
1 4
3
1
010
4
3
98 30 63
R
gh
.
. . .
m
ms m rad s
2
c hb g
(b) Now this becomes a projectile motion of the type examined in Chapter 4. We put the
origin at the position of the center of mass when the ball leaves the track (theinitial
position for this part of the problem) and take +x leftward and +y downward. The
result of part (a) implies v
0
=R =6.3 m/s, and we see from the figure that (with
these positive direction choices) its components are
0 0
0 0
cos30 5.4ms
sin30 3.1ms.
x
y
v v
v v
= =
= =

The projectile motion equations become
x v t y v t gt
x y
= = +
0 0
2
1
2
and .
We first find the time when y =H =5.0 m from the second equation (using the
quadratic formula, choosing the positive root):
2
0 0
2
0.74s.
y y
v v gH
t
g
+ +
= =
Then we substitute this into the x equation and obtainx = = 54 074 40 . . . ms s m. b gb g

8
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EdProblem 11-139
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EdProblem11-15
A bowler throws a bowling ball of radius 11 R cm = along a lane. The ball (Fig. 11-37) slides on
the lane with initial speed
,0
8.5 /
com
v m s = and initial angular speed
0
0 = . The coefcient of
kinetic friction between the ball and the lane is 0.21. The kinetic frictional force
k
f

acting on the
ball causes a linear acceleration of the ball while producing a torque that causes an angular
acceleration of the ball. When speed
com
v has decreased enough and angular speed has
increased enough, the ball stops sliding and then rolls smoothly. (a) What then is
com
v in terms of
? During the sliding, what are the balls (b) linear acceleration and (c) angular acceleration? (d)
How long does the ball slide? (e) How far does the ball slide? (f) What is the linear speed of the ball
when smooth rolling begins?

11 R cm = 11-37
,0
8.5 /
com
v m s =

0
0 = 0.21

com
v
a
com
v bc
Fundamentals of Physics, 8
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def



11-37

<>(a) We choose clockwise as the negative rotational sense and rightwards as the positive
translational direction. Thus, since this is the moment when it begins to roll smoothly,
Eq. 11-2 becomes v R
com
m = = 011 . . b g
This velocity is positive-valued (rightward) since is negative-valued (clockwise) as
shown in Fig. 11-57.
(b) The force of friction exerted on the ball of mass m is
k
mg (negative since it points
left), and setting this equal to ma
com
leads to
a g
com
2 2
ms ms = = = 021 98 21 . . . b g c h
where the minus sign indicates that the center of mass acceleration points left, opposite
to its velocity, so that the ball is decelerating.
(c) Measured about the center of mass, the torque exerted on the ball due to the frictional
force is given by = mgR . Using Table 10-2(f) for the rotational inertia, the angular
acceleration becomes (using Eq. 10-45)
( )( )
( )
2
2
2
5 0.21 9.8m/s
5
47rad s
2 5 2 2 0.11 m
mgR g
I mR R



= = = = =
where the minus sign indicates that the angular acceleration is clockwise, the same
direction as (so its angular motion isspeeding up).
(d) The center-of-mass of the sliding ball decelerates fromv
com,0
to v
com
during time t
according to Eq. 2-11: v v gt
com com,0
= . During this time, the angular speed of the ball
increases (in magnitude) from zero to according to Eq. 10-12:


= = = t
gt
R
v
R
5
2
com

where we have made use of our part (a) result in the last equality. We have two equations
involving v
com
, so we eliminate that variable and find
( )
( )( )
com,0
2
2 2 8.5m/s
1.2s.
7 7 0.21 9.8m/s
v
t
g
= = =
(e) The skid length of the ball is (using Eq. 2-15)
( ) ( )( ) ( )( )( )
2
2 2
com,0
1 1
8.5m/s 1.2s 0.21 9.8m/s 1.2s 8.6m.
2 2
x v t g t = = =
(f) The center of mass velocity at the time found in part (d) is
( )( )( )
2
com com,0
8.5m/s 0.21 9.8m/s 1.2s 6.1m/s. v v gt = = =

8
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EdProblem 11-159
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EdProblem11-13
Nonuniformball. In Fig. 11-39, a ball of mass M and radius R rolls smoothly fromrest down a
Fundamentals of Physics, 8
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ramp and onto a circular loop of radius 0.48 m. The initial height of the ball is 0.36 h m = . At the
loop bottom, the magnitude of the normal force on the ball is 2.00Mg.The ball consists of an outer
spherical shell (of a certain uniformdensity) that is glued to a central sphere (of a different uniform
density). The rotational inertia of the ball can be expressed in the general form
2
I MR = , but
is not 0.4 as it is for a ball of uniformdensity. Determine .

11-39 M R
0.48m 0.36 h m = 2Mg

2
I MR = 0.4


11-39
<>The physics of a rolling object usually requires a separate and very careful discussion (above
and beyond the basics of rotation discussed in chapter 10); this is done in the first three
sections of chapter 11. Also, the normal force on something (which is here the center of
mass of the ball) following a circular trajectory is discussed in section 6-6 (see particularly
sample problem6-7). Adapting Eq. 6-19 to the consideration of forces at the bottom of an
arc, we have
2
N
v
F Mg M
r
=
which tells us (since we are given 2
N
F Mg = ) that the center of mass speed (squared) is
2
v gr = , where r is the arc radius (0.48 m) Thus, the balls angular speed (squared) is

2
=v
2
/R
2
= gr/R
2
,
where R is the balls radius. Plugging this into Eq. 10-5 and solving for the rotational inertia
(about the center of mass), we find
I
com
=2MhR
2
/r MR
2
=MR
2
[2(0.36/0.48) 1] .
Thus, using the notation suggested in the problem, we find =2(0.36/0.48) 1 =0.50.

8
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EdProblem 11-239
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EdProblem11-25
Force

( 8 ) (6 ) F N i N j = +

acts on a particle with position vector

(3 ) (4 ) r m i m j = +


.What are (a)
the torque on the particle above the origin, in unit-vector notation, and (b) the angle between the
directions of r

and F


( 8 ) (6 ) F N i N j = +


(3 ) (4 ) r m i m j = +


a
br



<>

x y z
F F i F j F k = + +



r xi y j zk = + +



Fundamentals of Physics, 8
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Principle of Physics, 9
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Halliday & Resnic



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x y z
i j k
r F x y z
F F F
=


y z x y x z
y z x y x z
i j k
F F F F F F
= +



( ) ( ) ( )
z y x z y x
yF zF i zF xF j xF yF k = + +


(a) r F =



(3)(6) (4)( 8) 50k N m = =
(b) sin r F rF =



2 2
5 r x y m = + =

2 2
10
x y
F F F N = + =
r F =


50 (5)(10)sin =
sin 1 =
1 0
sin (1) 90

= =

8
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EdProblem 11-259
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EdProblem11-23
Force

(2 ) (3 ) F N i N k =

acts on a pebble with potion vector



(0.5 ) (2 ) r m j m k =

relative to the
origin. In unit-vector notation, what is the resulting torque on the pebble about (a) the origin and (b)
the point (2 ,0, 3 ) m m ?


(2 ) (3 ) F N i N k =


(0.5 ) (2 ) r m j m k =

ab(2 ,0, 3 ) m m

<>

x y z
F F i F j F k = + +



r xi y j zk = + +




x y z
i j k
r F x y z
F F F
=


y z x y x z
y z x y x z
i j k
F F F F F F
= +



( ) ( ) ( )
z y x z y x
yF zF i zF xF j xF yF k = + +


(a) (0,0.5, 2) r =


(2,0, 3) F =




1.5 4 1 i j k N m =



(b) (0,0.5, 2) (2,0, 3) ( 2,0.5,1) r = =


(2,0, 3) F =



1.5 4 1 i j k N m =




8
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EdProblem 11-279
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EdProblem11-29
In the instant of Fig. 11-41, two particles move in an xy plane. Particle
1
P has mass 6.5 kg and
speed
1
2.2 / v m s = , and it is at distance
1
1.5 d m = frompoint O. Particle
2
P has mass 3.1kg and
Fundamentals of Physics, 8
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Principle of Physics, 9
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speed
2
3.6 / v m s = , and it is at distance
2
2.8 d m = frompoint O. What are the (a) magnitude and
(b) direction of the net angular momentumof the two particles about O?

11-41xy
1
P 6.5
1
2.2 / v m s =
O
1
1.5 d m =
2
P 3.1
2
3.6 / v m s = O
2
2.8 d m =
Oab


11-41
<> r P =


r p r mv

= =

1
P ( )( )( )
2
1 1 1 1
1.5 m 6.5kg 2.2m/s 21.4kg m s. r mv

= = =
-zinto the page

2
P ( )( )( )
2
2 2 2 2
2.8 m 3.1kg 3.6m/s 31.2kg m s. r m v

= = =
+zout of the page
(a)
2
2 1
31.2 21.4 9.8 / L kg m s = = =
(b) +z

8
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EdProblem 11-319
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EdProblem11-31
In Fig. 11-43, a 0.400 kg ball is shot directly upward at initial speed 40.0 m/s. What is its angular
momentumabout P, 2.00 mhorizontally fromthe launch point, when the ball is (a) at maximum
height and (b) halfway back to the ground? What is the torque on the ball about P due to the
gravitational force when the ball is (c) at maximumheight and (d) halfway back to the ground?

11-430.4kg40m/sP 2
P ab P
cd


11-43

<>(a) 00
(b) With the convention (used in several places in the book) that clockwise sense is to be
associated with the negative sign, we have L = r

m

v where r

=2.00 m, m =0.400
Fundamentals of Physics, 8
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Principle of Physics, 9
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kg, and v is given by free-fall considerations (as in chapter 2). Specifically, y
max
is
determined by Eq. 2-16 with the speed at max height set to zero; we find y
max
=v
o
2
/2g
where v
o
=40.0 m/s. Then with y =
1
2
y
max
, Eq. 2-16 can be used to give v =v
o
/ 2 .
In this way we arrive at L =22.6 kg
.
m
2
/s.
(c) (2)(0.4)(9.8) 7.84 r F r mg N m

= = = =
(d) r F

=

(2)(0.4)(9.8) 7.84 r F r mg N m

= = = =

8
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EdProblem 11-359
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EdProblem11-35
At time t,
2 2
4 (2 6 ) r t i t t j = +


gives the position of a 3.0 kg particle relative to the origin of an xy
coordinate system(r

is in meters and t is in seconds). (a)Find an expression for the torque acting


on the particle relative to the origin. (b) Is the magnitude of the particles angular momentum
relative to the origin increasing, decreasing, or unchanging?

t3kg
2 2
4 (2 6 ) r t i t t j = +


xyr

t ab


<>(a)

8 (2 12)
dr
v ti t j
dt
= = +




2 2
( ) (3) 4 2 6 0
8 2 12 0
i j k
L r p m r v t t t
t t
= = =


2
(3)(8 ) t k =

net
dL
dt
=


(48 ) t k N m =
(b) Fromour (intermediate) result in part (a), we see the angular momentum increases in
proportion to t
2
.

8
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EdProblem 11-399
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EdProblem11-37
In Fig. 11-45, three particles of mass 23 m g = are fastened to three rods of length 12 d cm = and
negligible mass. The rigid assembly rotates around point O at angular speed 0.85 / rad s = . About
O, what are (a) the rotational inertia of the assembly, (b) the magnitude of the angular momentum of
the middle particle, and (c) the magnitude of the angular momentum of the assembly?

11-45 23 m g = 12 d cm =
O 0.85 / rad s = Oab
c

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11-45
<>(a)
2 2 2
(3 ) (2 ) I m d m d md = + +
2
14md =

2 2 3 2
(14)(2.3 10 )(0.12) 4.6 10 kg m

= =
(b)
2 2
(2 ) 4 I m d md = =

2
4 L I md = =
2 2 3 2
4(2.3 10 )(0.12) (0.85) 1.1 10 / kg m s

= =
(c)
2
14 L I md = =
2 2 3 2
14(2.3 10 )(0.12) (0.85) 3.9 10 / kg m s

= =

8
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EdProblem 11-419
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EdProblem11-41
Figure 11-47 shows a rigid structure consisting of a circular hoop of radius R and mass m, and a
square made of four thin bars, each of length R and mass m. The rigid structure rotates at a constant
speed about a vertical axis, with a period of rotation of 2.5 s. Assuming 0.5 R m = and 2 m kg = ,
calculate (a) the structures rotational inertia about the axis of rotation and (b) its angular
momentum about that axis.

11-47Rm
R2.5a
b


11-47
<>(a) For the hoop, we use Table 10-2(h) and the parallel-axis theorem to obtain
I I mh mR mR mR
1
2 2 2 2
1
2
3
2
= + = + =
com
.
Of the thin bars (in the form of a square), the member along the rotation axis has
(approximately) no rotational inertia about that axis (since it is thin), and the member
farthest from it is very much like it (by being parallel to it) except that it is displaced by
a distance h; it has rotational inertia given by the parallel axis theorem:
I I mh mR mR
2
2 2 2
0 = + = + =
com
.
Now the two members of the square perpendicular to the axis have the same rotational
inertia (that is I
3
=I
4
). We find I
3
using Table 10-2(e) and the parallel-axis theorem:
Fundamentals of Physics, 8
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I I mh mR m
R
mR
3
2 2
2
2
1
12 2
1
3
= + = +
F
H
G
I
K
J =
com
.
Therefore, the total rotational inertia is
I I I I mR
1 2 3 4
2
19
6
16 + + + = = . . kg m
2

(b) The angular speed is constant:


= = =

t
2
25
25
p
.
. rad s.
Thus, L I = =
total
2
kg m s. 40 .

8
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EdProblem 11-459
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EdProblem11-51
A wheel is rotating freely at angular speed 800 rev/min on a shaft whose rotational inertia is
negligible. A second wheel, initially at rest and with twice the rotational inertia of the rst, is
suddenly coupled to the same shaft. (a) What is the angular speed of the resultant combination of
the shaft and two wheels? (b) What fraction of the original rotational kinetic energy is lost?

800 /
ab


<>
2 1
2 I I =

1
800 / min rev =
(a)
1 1 2
( )
i f
I I I = +
1 1
1 2 1 1
( )(800)
267 / min
( ) (2 )
i
f
I I
rev
I I I I

= = =
+ +

(b)
2
1
1
2
i i
K I =

2
1 2
1
( )
2
f f
K I I = +
2 1
1 1
1 1
1
( 2 )( )
2 2
i
I
I I
I I

= +
+
2
1
1 1
( )
3 2
i
I =
1
3
i
K =

1
2
3
0.67
3
i i
i f
i i
K K
K K
K K

= = =

8
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EdProblem 11-539
th
EdProblem11-55
A horizontal vinyl record of mass 0.10 kg and radius 0.10 m rotates freely about a vertical axis
through its center with an angular speed of 4.7 rad/s. The rotational inertia of the record about its
axis of rotation is
4 2
5 10 kg m

. A wad of wet putty of mass 0.020 kg drops vertically onto the


record from above and sticks to the edge of the record. What is the angular speed of the record
immediately after the putty sticks to it?

0.10.104.7rad/s

4 2
5 10 kg m

0.02kg
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th
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Principle of Physics, 9
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<>For simplicity, we assume the record is turning freely, without any work being done by its
motor (and without any friction at the bearings or at the stylus trying to slow it down).
Before the collision, the angular momentum of the system (presumed positive) is I
i i

where I
i
=

50 10
4
. kg m
2
and
i
= 47 . . rad s The rotational inertia afterwards is
I I mR
f i
= +
2

where m =0.020 kg and R =0.10 m. The mass of the record (0.10 kg), although given in the
problem, is not used in the solution. Angular momentum conservation leads to
I I
I
I mR
i i f f f
i i
i


= =
+
=
2
34 . rad/ s.

8
th
EdProblem 11-559
th
EdProblem11-53
A uniform thin rod of length 0.500 m and mass 4.00 kg can rotate in a horizontal plane about a
vertical axis through its center. The rod is at rest when a 3.00 g bullet traveling in the rotation plane
is red into one end of the rod. As viewed fromabove, the bullets path makes angle
0
60 = with
the rod (Fig. 11-52). If the bullet lodges in the rod and the angular velocity of the rod is 10 rad/s
immediately after the collision, what is the bullets speed just before impact?

0.54
3g
0
60 =
11-5210 rad/s


11-52
<>0.5m
0.25 r m =

0
sin (0.25 )(0.003 )( )sin60 rmv m kg v =

2
rod
I I mr = +
2
2
12
ML
mr = +

2
2
( )
12
ML
mr +
2
2
(4)(0.5)
[ (0.003)(0.25) ](10)
12
= +

2
2
sin ( )
12
ML
rmv mr = +

2
2
( )
12
sin
ML
mr
v
rm

+
=
2
2
3
0
(4)(0.5)
[ (0.003)(0.25) ](10)
12
1.3 10 /
(0.25)(0.003)sin60
m s
+
= =
Fundamentals of Physics, 8
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Halliday & Resnic



_ |4 |@

8
th
EdProblem 11-579
th
EdProblem11-59
Figure 11-53 is an overhead view of a thin uniformrod of length 0.800 mand mass M rotating
horizontally at angular speed 20.0 rad/s about an axis through its center. A particle of mass M/3.00
initially attached to one end is ejected fromthe rod and travels along a path that is perpendicular to
the rod at the instant of ejection. If the particles speed
p
v is 6.00 m/s greater than the speed of the
rod end just after ejection, what is the value of
p
v ?

11-530.8M20
/ M/3

p
v 6/
p
v


11-53
<>By angular momentumconservation (Eq. 11-33), the total angular momentumafter the
explosion must be equal to before the explosion:

p r p r
L L L L + = +

L
2
mv
p
+
1
12
ML
2
=I
p


+
1
12
ML
2

where one must be careful to avoid confusing the length of the rod (L =0.800 m) with the
angular momentumsymbol. Note that I
p
=m(L/2)
2
by Eq.10-33, and
=v
end
/r =(v
p
6)/(L/2),
where the latter relation follows fromthe penultimate sentence in the problem(and 6
stands for 6.00 m/s here). Since M =3m and =20 rad/s, we end up with enough
information to solve for the particle speed: v
p
=11.0 m/s.

8
th
EdProblem 11-589
th
EdProblem11-60
In Fig. 11-54, a 1.0 g bullet is red into a 0.50 kg block attached to the end of a 0.60 mnonuniform
rod of mass 0.50 kg. The block rod bullet systemthen rotates in the plane of the gure, about a
xed axis at A. The rotational inertia of the rod alone about that axis at A is
2
0.06kg m . Treat the
block as a particle (a) What then is the rotational inertia of the block rod bullet systemabout
point A? (b) If the angular speed of the systemabout A just after impact is 4.5 rad/s, what is the
bullets speed just before impact?

11-541g0.5gk 0.60.5kg
--AA

2
0.06kg m aA--
b4.5 rad/s

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Principle of Physics, 9
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Halliday & Resnic



_ | |@

11-54
<>(a) With r =0.60 m, we obtain I =0.060 +(0.501)r
2
=0.24 kg m
2
.
(b) Invoking angular momentumconservation, with SI units understood,
( ) ( ) ( )( )
0 0 0
0.001 0.60 0.24 4.5
f
L mv r I v = = =
which leads to v
0
=1.8 10
3
m/s.

8
th
EdProblem 11-599
th
EdProblem11-57
A uniform disk of mass 10m and radius 3.0r can rotate freely about its xed center like a
merry-go-round. A smaller uniform disk of mass m and radius r lies on top of the larger disk,
concentric with it. Initially the two disks rotate together with an angular velocity of 20 rad/s. Then a
slight disturbance causes the smaller disk to slide outward across the larger disk, until the outer
edge of the smaller disk catches on the outer edge of the larger disk. Afterward, the two disks again
rotate together (without further sliding). (a) What then is their angular velocity about the center of
the larger disk? (b) What is the ratio
0
/ K K of the new kinetic energy of the two-disk systemto the
systems initial kinetic energy?

10m3rmr
20rad/s

a
b
0
/ K K

<> 10 M m = 3 R r =
2 2 2
1 1 90
(10 )(3 )
2 2 2
big
I MR m r mr = = =
m m = r r =
2
1
2
small
I mr =

2 2 2
0
90 1 91
2 2 2
big small
I I I mr mr mr = + = + =
3 2 h R r r r r = = =

2
0
( )
big small big small
I I I I I mh = + = + +
2 2 2 2
90 1 99
(2 )
2 2 2
mr mr m r mr = + + =
(a)
0 0
I I =
Fundamentals of Physics, 8
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Principle of Physics, 9
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Halliday & Resnic



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0
0
I
I
=
2
2
91
2
(20) 18 /
99
2
mr
rad s
mr
= =
(b)
0
99
91
I
I
=
0
91
99

=
2
2
0
0 0
1
2
1
2
I
K
K
I

=
2 2
0 0
99 91
( ) ( ) 0.92
91 99
I
I

= = =

8
th
EdProblem 11-619
th
EdProblem11-61
The uniform rod (length 0.60 m, mass 1.0 kg) in Fig. 11-55 rotates in the plane of the gure about
an axis through one end, with a rotational inertia of
2
0.12kg m . As the rod swings through its
lowest position, it collides with a 0.20 kg putty wad that sticks to the end of the rod. If the rods
angular speed just before collision is 2.4 rad/s, what is the angular speed of the rodputty system
immediately after collision?

0.6111-55

2
0.12kg m 0.2
2.4/-


11-55
<>We make the unconventional choice of clockwise sense as positive, so that the angular
velocities in this problem are positive. With 0.6 r m = and
2
0
0.12 I kg m = , the rotational
inertia of the putty-rod system (after the collision) is
2 2
0
(0.2) 0.19 I I r kg m = + =
Invoking angular momentumconservation
0 f
L L = or
0 0
I I = , we have
Fundamentals of Physics, 8
th
Ed
Principle of Physics, 9
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Ed
Halliday & Resnic



_ |7 |@
( )
2
0
0 2
0.12kg m
2.4rad/s 1.5rad/s.
0.19kg m
I
I


= = =



8
th
EdProblem 11-679
th
EdProblem11-65
Two 2.00 kg balls are attached to the ends of a thin rod of length 50.0 cm and negligible mass. The
rod is free to rotate in a vertical plane without friction about a horizontal axis through its center.
With the rod initially horizontal (Fig. 11-60), a 50.0 g wad of wet putty drops onto one of the balls,
hitting it with a speed of 3.00 m/s and then sticking to it. (a) What is the angular speed of the system
just after the putty wad hits? (b) What is the ratio of the kinetic energy of the systemafter the
collision to that of the putty wad just before? (c) Through what angle will the system rotate before it
momentarily stops?

250
11-6050
3.00/a
bc


11-60
<>(a) If we consider a short time interval fromjust before the wad hits to just after it hits and
sticks, we may use the principle of conservation of angular momentum. The initial
angular momentum is the angular momentum of the falling putty wad. The wad initially
moves along a line that is d/2 distant from the axis of rotation, where d =0.500 m is the
length of the rod. The angular momentum of the wad is mvd/2 where m =0.0500 kg
and v =3.00 m/s are the mass and initial speed of the wad. After the wad sticks, the rod
has angular velocity and angular momentum I, where I is the rotational inertia of the
system consisting of the rod with the two balls and the wad at its end. Conservation of
angular momentum yields mvd/2 =I where
I =(2M + m)(d/2)
2

and M =2.00 kg is the mass of each of the balls. We solve
mvd M m d 2 2 2
2
= + b gb g
for the angular speed:
( )
( )( )
( ) ( )( )
2 0.0500kg 3.00m/s 2
0.148rad s.
2 2 2.00kg 0.0500kg 0.500 m
mv
M m d
= = =
+ +

(b) The initial kinetic energy is K mv
i
=
1
2
2
, the final kinetic energy is K I
f
=
1
2
2
, and
their ratio is K K I mv
f i
=
2 2
. When I M m d = + 2 4
2
b g and
= + 2 2 mv M m d b g are substituted, this becomes
( )
0.0500kg
0.0123.
2 2 2.00kg 0.0500kg
f
i
K
m
K M m
= = =
+ +

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Principle of Physics, 9
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Halliday & Resnic



_ |@ |@
(c) As the rod rotates, the sum of its kinetic and potential energies is conserved. If one of the
balls is lowered a distance h, the other is raised the same distance and the sum of the
potential energies of the balls does not change. We need consider only the potential
energy of the putty wad. It moves through a 90 arc to reach the lowest point on its path,
gaining kinetic energy and losing gravitational potential energy as it goes. It then swings
up through an angle , losing kinetic energy and gaining potential energy, until it
momentarily comes to rest. Take the lowest point on the path to be the zero of potential
energy. It starts a distance d/2 above this point, so its initial potential energy is U
i
=
mgd/2. If it swings up to the angular position , as measured from its lowest point, then
its final height is (d/2)(1 cos ) above the lowest point and its final potential energy is
U mg d
f
= 2 1 b gb g cos .
The initial kinetic energy is the sum of that of the balls and wad:
( )( )
2
2 2
1 1
2 2 .
2 2
i
K I M m d = = +
At its final position, we have K
f
=0. Conservation of energy provides the relation:
mg
d
M m
d
mg
d
2
1
2
2
2 2
1
2
2
+ +
F
H
G
I
K
J = b g b g cos .
When this equation is solved for cos , the result is

( )
( )( )
( )
2
2
2
2 2.00 kg 0.0500kg 1 2 1 0.500m
cos 0.148rad s
2 2 2 2
0.0500kg 9.8ms
0.0226.
M m d
mg


+ +

= =




=

Consequently, the result for is 91.3. The total angle through which it has swung is 90
+91.3 =181.

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