Contention A point asserted as part of an argument -The teams were in fierce contention for first prize

Litigation A legal proceeding in the court: He got an injunction against vexatious litigation by his enemies. -I hope this land is not related to any litigation issues.

Rivet: direct ones attention on something -riveting thriller..the discovery of the skull riveted the paleontologists. Eclectic genius Selecting; selecting what seems best of various styles or ideas Borrowing ones philosopy from various sources (Thernthedukira) Littered with Make a place messy by strewing garbage around -Cigar butts littered the ground -His library was a littered room with piles of books on every chair. Scrolls and parchments

Frozen tableau Turned into ice Absolutely still A frozen look on their faces. Strew (strewed, strewn) Spread by scattering: Strewn with papers or strewn with roses Cover: be dispersed over: dead bodies strewed the ground Oblivious Lacking conscious awareness of: Failing to keep in mind: oblivious old age Blemish A mark or flaw that spoils the appearance of something: a facial blemish

Schmooze To converse informally, to chat in a friendly and persuasive manner especially so as to gain favor, business or connections. - Conference attendees will have plenty of chances to schmooze with the industrys power players. Apopemptic

Pertaining to leave-taking or departing; valedictory. Obsolete..A farewell address; valedictory. - The others followed suit and, politely apopemptic, vanished into the light. Plication

-comprehends everything Get the meaning of something -Comprehensive Able to comprehend much..a comprehensive survey..a comprehensive coverage - Comprehensible That can be understood..

Consistent with facts: In agreement with what is already known; compatible with something else.. Example: I have decided that the course of conduct which I am following is consistent with my sense of responsibility as president in time of war immaterial Of no importance, unimportant, incorporeal

Incorporeal Without material form or substance Example: an incorporeal spirit Jeopardize: Pose a threat to; present a danger to; -The pollution is jeopardizing the crops Put at risk; -I will jeopardize my good reputation for this assignment. Novice bosses: Someone new to field to activity; beginner; inexperienced person -Most novice bosses do not realize how sharply management differs from individual work. Orient: Determine position; determine ones position with reference to another point -This training will help us to orient ourselves in the company. Disorient: Cause to be lost; disoriented

Rite of passage: Any customary observance or practice; an established ceremony prescribed by a religion. -adjective: ritual Passage means the act of passing from one state or place to the next. -migratory bird (Nadodi Paravai) Person who passes a place without staying there long. Despair and Dismay: A state in which all hope is lost or absent; hopelessness; (Nambikkai Izha) -In the depths of despair -They were rescued from despair at the last minute -they moaned in despair and dismay (=frighten, loss of courage, dishearten). -One harsh word would send her to depths of despair. -This news dismayed her -I was dismayed at the thought of being late for my interview.

Amusing: Providing enjoyment; pleasantly entertaining -An amusing speaker. -An amusing film with a steady stream of pranks and pratfalls. Wield: Have and exercise; Handle effectively -The burglar wielded an axe

Enmesh: Catch in a mesh or entangle (Valaiyil Sikkavai) Enmeshment Valayil Sikkavaithal Empower: Give qualities or abilities to -By empowering Rohini to do certain work, she will dwell. Give or delegate power or authority to -She empowered her assistant to sign the papers. Thorny situation: Full of trouble and difficult situation: -A thorny problem (Kadinamana Pirachanai) Solicit: Request urgently or persistently. -My neighbor keeps soliciting money for different charities. Solicit-request; ( Varpuruthi vendikkol ) Solicitation = earnest request Rhetoric:

Skill in or art of using words effectively in speaking or writing; display in language -The rhetoric of his prose was good (Unarchi atra pagatu aravara solnadai) -it is mere rhetoric not really effective. -Most use the rhetoric of leadership but they just do not get it. Starkly different: Meaning of stark is complete or extreme (stark poverty, stark mad ) = (mutrilum) -He was starkly unable to achieve coherence Taxing: -You are taxing my patience Unrelenting: Adamant; Harsh -The unrelenting summer sun -The unrelenting beat of the drums -Unrelenting determination Bleak picture Offering little or no hope -Life in the forest has always been bleak and difficult (Varanda, Niramatra,Mangalana,Pazhana) Without colour -A bleak picture Savvy: Get the meaning of something; understand -Do you savvy (understand) the meaning of this letter? Intelligence; Possessing sound knowledge; the cognitive condition of someone who understands -savvy readers, Savvy engineer

COMMON MISTAKES:

STATEMENTS: o Its grateful that we were able to have him as a part of our lives. His spirit and his legacy will live on forever in our hearts and in his music. o Consistency is very important. It will overcome a lot of obstacles in your journey whether it would be to build muscles or to build your vocabulary anything. o Being consistent in your training and eating habits. When you have been consistent with you training and eating, a little cheating wont really hurt you one bit. So when I have a cheat meal it does not hurt me at all. Because come tomorrow I am right back at it with my regular nutrition plan. o BEING DISCIPLINED ALLOWS YOU TO ENJOY SOME UNDISCIPLINED TIMES WITHOUT GUILT. o Swara yoga is a flame for illuminating the mansion of the soul.

o o o o o

When you stumble, you jeopardize your career and inflict staggering cost on your organization. I want to initiate positive changes both inside and outside of my areas of responsibilities. Build relationship with people outside your group that your team depends on to do its work. Your power comes from your ability to establish credibility with peers, employees and superiors. Myth is managers must control their direct reports. Control does not equal commitment. And employees do not necessarily always follow orders. So build commitment by empowering employees to achieve the teams goals not ordering them. I want your help to develop you. Instead of asking your boss to solve your problems, present ideas on how you would handle a thorny situation, and solicit his thoughts on your ideas. I want you to understand the essential nature of your role what it truly means to be IN CHARGE. Learning to lead is a process of learning by doing. It cannot be taught in a classroom. As a new manager I want to work beyond my current capabilities and proceed by trial and error. I want to step in and stem the rot that has been brought into my notice Roopaks case. His silence indicates that he is a puppet dancing to his wifes tunes.

o o

o o o

Solicitous worried, concerned Soporific sleep-causing; marked by sleepiness Specious seemingly reasonable but incorrect; misleading (often intentionally) Spectrum color band produced when a beam of light passes through a prism Sporadic occurring irregularly Stigma token of disgrace; brand Stint be thrifty; set limits Stipulate make express conditions, specify Stolid dull; impassive Vacillate waver; fluctuate Venerate revere Veracious truthful Verbose wordy Viable practical or workable; capable of maintaining life

Viscous sticky, gluey Vituperative abusive; scolding Volatile changeable; explosive; evaporating rapidly Warranted justified; authorized Wary very cautious Welter turmoil; bewildering jumble Whimsical capricious; fanciful Zealot fanatic; person who shows excessive zeal (enthusiasm)

put aside, put to one side, (temporarily), L M ; put away, lay aside for future use, give up. MM ; put back, move backwards, ; put by, save for future use, N ;

; save, I ; stop, G ; abandon

A ; divorce, M ;

H ; replace, e ; cause delay to, I ; ignore, E ; evade, F ; set or place down, P ; reduce expenditure, J

put down, suppress by force, ; write down, W ; lower one's hand, W M ; make a note of, ; attribute, H ; snub, ; put forth, exert, C ; (of plants) grow buds and leaves, ; present, P ; put forward, advance, propose, N ;

; put before people for consideration, P ; C ; K ; install in office, MJ

put heads together, consult,

put in, interpose, J ; advance (a claim) ; pass or spend (time), N ; put into, (port) sail in, put in for, apply for, put off, postpone,

; express, O ; MH ; request, ;

O ; remove (clothes), J ; switch off (a light), M M ; evade, M ; hinder, ; defer, ; put-off, evasion, M ; postponement, O ;
put on, switch on (a light) M ; dress oneself with, E ; pretend, ; make false appearance, O ; assume, ; appoint, GI ; arrange, ; exaggerate, I ;

put one's foot down, act firmly,

F ; FIP ;

put one's foot in it, behave tactlessly,

put out, extinguish, as fire, b ; extend (hand), c ; cause trouble to, O ; dislocate, ; expel, O ; annoy, ; irritate, K ; subject to inconvenience, ; lend money at interest, ; disconcert, Y ; put over, obtain appreciation for,

; ; e GF ; remind him of, C ;

put (something) in hand, make a start in doing, put (somebody) in mind of, cause him to recall, G ;

put through, carry out, G ; connect by telephone, bring into effect, ; put to, cause,

; M ;

put to death, kill,

put up, build or erect, , G ; nominate, GI ; lodge, AJ ; provide lodging, O ; sheathe (sword), JL ; hold up one's hand over his head, ; offer (prayer), H ; raise (price), M FK ; incite, ; offer resistance, FG ; fix (an advertisement on wall), K M ; put-up affair, previously arranged affair, put upon, impose upon, put up with, submit,

M ; plot, F ;

E ; endure without protest, FHP ; ; ; recommand, K .

put the wind up frighten,

put in a (good) word, speak in favour of,

get, v. receive or obtain, ; procure, ; bring, ; win, P ; reach, ; understand, K; become, ; help, K; hear, M; cause to be done, ; buy, M ; prepare, ; be getting on for, be close to, A; get about, get around, attend to one's duties, ; spread, ; travel, ; move about, ; become well known, PF; get above oneself, have too high an opinion, get abroad, go to a foreign country,

P ;

O ; (of rumours) get about, F J ;

get across, pass from one side to the other, K; get after, follow or chase,

; make or become understandable, K,

H ; ; advance, ; make O; agree,

get ahead, go forward and pass others, , progress, ; be successful, P ;

get along, proceed, move on, , ; manage, A; be friendly, J; be on good terms, Q; get at, reach,

; find out, H; hint at, suggest, P KM; attack, ; corrupt, ; ascertain, F; O;

Get-at-able, accessible, get away, escape,

H; start, ; H; the start of a race, F ; H b ;

get-away, n. escape,

get away with, do something bad without being punished, get back, recover or regain,

e ; return, FH , FH ; F P; pass, ; be

get by, manage to exist or survive, acceptable, J; get by heart, memorise,

; ; concentrate or attend, ;

get down, descend, dismount, get home, reach home, get in, enter,

i ; be fully understood, K;

; reach, ; be elected, K; collect, F; include, ; ; understand something, K; M;

;
get into, enter,

get it, be punished,

get nowhere, be unsuccessful,

get off, descend, dismount, ; escape, H; help (someone) escape, H K; save from punishment, JL H H; begin or start a journey, ; be forgiven, Q; get on, mount, ; put on (clothes), ; continue, ; advance, ; prosper, N; do well, ; agree, ; live in peace, F ; be friendly, Q; stand, G; be approaching, A; grow old, ;

get out, go out or leave, O; escape from, H; become known, O; avoid, N; remove, c; abandon gradually, M; complete, ; withdraw, H; prepare and publish, K OJ; elicit, ; get out of sight, disappear,

get over, climb over, P ; recover from (illness), JL M; overcome (a difficulty), O; win, P; cover (a distance), ; bring (troublesome task) to an end, ; get round, circumvent or outwit, ; get there, reach one's goal,

; entangle, C; evade, N; persuade,

P ; succeed, P; accomplish, G; M; win over, P ; profit, ;

get the upper hand, surpass, get through, succeed,

P ; bring to an end, ; L P;

get through with, succeed in doing, get to, contact,

; affect, F; begin, ;

get together, gather,

; collect, F; unite in discussion and promotion of plan, ; F ; come to an accord, ; ; an informal social gathering, ;

get-together, assembly, get under, control,

; subdue, F ;

get up, rise up from bed, JL ; arrange or organise, ; mount, ascend, , ; produce, ; stand up, G; increase, bM; reach, ; begin to be violent, A; get-up, general appearance, A; ; get-up-and-go, energy, get hold of, grasp,

; format, HK E; structure, ; costume,

F;

PH; H; F; M MN.

get out of hand, become out of control,

get rid of, dispose of something not desired,

take, v. lay hold of with the hands or with an instrument, () M ; capture, seize, ; grasp, H ; avail oneself of, F ; use without permission, FJP ; steal, F ; carry, ; accompany, ;

 ; eat or drink, () ; ; have, ; get for oneself, ; give, ; get, ; allow, O ; accept, receive, ; ; subscribe to, ; make a record of, F ; require, ; suppose, A ; infer, ; consider to be, , ; conclude, bQ ; find out, H ; treat, M ; accept responsibility for, ; conduct, ; have the required effect, MH J ; follow, H ; have as an example, ; understand, K ; adopt, ; perform, ; catch, H ; go, ; choose, ; take away (from) remove, c ; win, P ; n. amount of something taken, ; act of taking, ; acceptance, ; amount caught, H ; (film industry) a scene that has been or is to be photographed, (H NL) FH; FHK C ; quantity captured at one time, J H ; a piece of work given to a compositor, HK F ; collection at a theatre (, CQ) J ;
taker, n. one who takes, ; one who takes a bet, ; one who catches, H ; taking, a. attractive, YKA ; infectious, PA ; act of one who takes, ; takings, n. pl. money taken in business, MF ; M ; receipts, ; take account of,

A; F ; F ;

take advantage of, avail the advantage, take after, resemble, take aim,

F ;

P ; F ;

take back, withdraw, take by storm,

J H ; KJ ; be careful, MNJ ; ;

take care, be cautious,

take care of, be in charge of, take down, write down,

F ; ;

take effect, begin to bring about, take exception to, object to, take for,

KM; F ;

; take for granted, assume as a fact, ; E ; diminish, ; weaken, i ; ; permit to enter, F ;

take from, lessen, take hold of, seize,

take in, receive, ; admit, ; reduce the size, CP ; comprise, ; understand, K ; digest mentally, F A ; listen to with excitement, ; deceive, ; take in hand, undertake,

; control, ; ; consider, F ; HK ;

take into, pay proper attention to,

take into one's confidence, confide in him, take into ones head, take it easy,

F ;

O ; ;

take it from me, believe what, say as true, take leave of,

M ; Q ;

take notice of, attend, take off, depart,

; remove, ; (of aircraft) leave the ground and go up into air, M J GFL ME ; subtract, as a discount, NM ;

take on, undertake, ; charge oneself with, ; accept as an opponent, FK ; employ, ; undertake, ; assume, ; (colloq.) be become agitated, (..) ; take one's fancy, attract,

C ; O ; remove or withdraw, O ; O F ; ;

take out, cause to come out, ; obtain, ; begin afresh,

take over, assume control of, G ; accept responsibility, ; carry from one place to another, KFL take pains (trouble), make considerable effort, take part, participate, take place, happen, take things to heart,

bM C ;

; G ; E ; P ; ; conceive a liking for,

take to, get into a habit, ; take refuge in, M ; devote or apply oneself to, ; take to flight, run away,

M ; ;

take to task, subject to punishment,

take up, lift up, raise, , H ; absorb, ; P ; dissolve, ; pursue further, e ; give one's attention to, ; engage in, ; begin to support, K ; interest oneself in, ; associate (with), ; advance money, ; arrest, ; secure, ; make fast, K ; interrupt and correct (a speaker), A F ; take upon, undertake effort with courage,

E C ; ;

take upon oneself, undertake responsibility, take wind, spread as gossip,

F ;