(2) Torque transmitted + Force x Radius + 90 lb x 1 ft + 90 lb x 12 in + 1080 lbin

To determine the rate of transmitting torque, or the horsepower to move the bucket, assuming the drum is turning at 58 RPM, use the formula:
(3) Horsepower + Torque transmitted (lbft) x RPM + 90 x 58 + 1 hp 5250 5250

Torque & rotating masses

For applications that include heavy rotating masses, additional torque is required to bring the machine up to speed. This would include applications involving flywheels, large conveyor rolls, rotating tables, and rotating drums. For applications like these, the load inertia (referred to as WK2) must also be considered. These inertia loads invariably use more power to start and accelerate to running speed, than they do to keep running at full speed. The torque to accelerate load inertia (WK2) may be calculated from:
2 (4) Torque inertia + WK x RPM 308 x time

where: Torqueinertia is in poundfeet (lbft); WK2 is in lbft2 ; 308 is a conversion factor; time is in seconds.

The torque required to accelerate the load from standstill to running speed varies inversely with the time allocated for acceleration. As an example, if the application has a WK2 of 480 lbft2, and an acceleration time of 0.5 second to 58 RPM, then:
2 (5) Torque inertia + 480 lbft x 58 RPM + 181 lbft 308 x 0.5

Note that actual torque to accelerate the entire machine would also include the transmitted torque. So we have:
(6) Torque actual + Torque transmitted ) Torque inertia + 90 lbft ) 181 lbft + 271 lbft

This machine would require a starting horsepower (to get the load moving) equal to:
(7) Horsepower actual + 271 x 58 + 3 hp 5250

Service factor
Once the actual horsepower/torque has been defined for the application, this should be multiplied by a service factor. This provides a redefined or design horsepower/torque which should be used in the selection process. Table 1 presents service factors for various machine load classifications and duration of service. As an example, if an application has uniform shock loading and will be used ten hours, then the service factor multiplier to use is 1.00. With the application torque of 271 lbft torque, then:
(8) Torque design + Torque actual x ServiceFactor + 271 x 1.00 + 271 lbft

Table 1 Service factors for applications with frequent starts and stops (more than 10 starts/hour)
Prime Mover Duration of Service Occasional (0.5 Hr) Intermittent (2 Hr) 10 Hr 24 Hr Driven Machine Load Classifications Uniform Moderate Shock 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.00 1.00 1.25 1.25 1.50 Heavy Shock 1.00 1.25 1.50 1.75

Electric Motor

Overhung load
An overhung load is a force applied at right angles to a reducer shaft. This results in a bending force in the shaft that must be resisted by both the reducer shaft and the bearings. This bending force is produced whenever a pulley, sprocket, gear or cable assembly is directly mounted onto the reducer shaft. To minimize the effects of overhung load on the bearings and shaft, the drive component should be mounted as close to the reducer as possible. When directly connecting to a load, flexible couplings must be used to avoid overhung load due to shaft misalignment. As an example, if a gear belt drive application is transmitting 271 lbft of torque through a 10 inch diameter sprocket, the overhung load (OHL) is calculated from:
(9) Overhung load + Torque x Factor + 271 lbft x 1.25 + 814 lb Radius 0.416 ft

Where factor depends upon the coupling mechanism, refer to Figure 5 to determine value to insert in the equation.

Figure 5 Overhung load calculation

Coupling Mechanism Factor 1.0 1.25 1.5 2.5

Radius Diameter
Torque x Factor Radius

Chain & Sprocket Gear Belt VBelt Flat Belt

Overhung load +

Overhung Load

Table 2 Universal series single reduction ratio & capacity selection table



Refer to typical manufacturers published data as shown in Table 2. The application is
using a 30:1 ratio using, with  a 1750 RPM motor, and  the output torque required is 271 lbft (3252 lbin). The smallest unit capable of meeting these requirements is the size 400FC. The overhung load capacity of this gear is  1950 lbs, well within the application requirement. A manufacturers specs and ratings are based upon testing. And your application may differ radically. Therefore after calculation, it is important to test a sample under actual operating conditions.

Gearmotor terminology
Axial Movement Endwise movement of the input or output shafts, sometimes called endplay, is usually expressed in thousands of an inch.

Backlash Rotational movement of the output shaft, when holding the input shaft stationary and rotating the output shaft alternately clockwise and counterclockwise. Backlash may be expressed in thousands of an inch measured at a specific radius at the output shaft.

Center Distance On a single reduction reducer, this is the distance between the centerlines of the input and output shafts. Shaft centerlines may be parallel or at right angles to one another. The center distance of multiple stage reducers usually refers to the slowest speed stage (last reduction). Input Horsepower The amount of power applied to the input shaft of a reducer by the prime mover is its input horsepower. Input horsepower ratings represent the maximum amount of power that the reducer can safely handle.

Output Horsepower The amount of power available at the output shaft of a reducer is its output horsepower. Due to losses caused by inefficiency, output horsepower is always less than input horsepower.

Mechanical Rating The maximum power or torque that a speed reducer can transmit, based on the strength and durability of its components. The reducer may be rated no higher than the strength or durability of it weakest component. Reducers typically have a safety margin of two to three on their mechanical ratings. Thus, a reducer can withstand momentary overloads of 200300% of its mechanical rating during a startup or other brief overload situation. Note that thermal limitations or duty cycle must be considered in the final analysis. Mounting Position The relationship of the input and output shafts relative to the floor line.