Buying and Setting up a Business with a Post Office A Guide

NOTE: The information in this document is not intended as an exhaustive list of all the information you require in order to set up a business with a Post Office. As a prospective purchaser you should conduct your own thorough research before investing in a retail business with a Post Office. You should seek independent advice from qualified and experienced organisations that specialise in retail businesses. 1. Introduction The following information gives some tips and advice relating to the purchase or setting up of a Post Office and Retail business. You can also contact the National Federation of Subpostmasters (nfsp.org.uk) find out how their members run their businesses and maybe arrange to spend some time with a Subpostmaster or Operator. Post Office Ltd can also be approached if a candidate wants to understand what it is like to provide Post Office products and services start with looking through the content of our general website. 2. Routes to Buying or Setting up a Post Office in a Retail Business There are three distinct routes: You seek to buy an existing retail business with a Post Office that has been advertised by a commercial estate agent (or another advertising medium) by the current business owner. You are an existing retailer responding to an approach from a Post Office representative or responding to a Post Office Ltd opportunity advertised on its website to install a Post Office Operation within your existing retail business. You respond to a direct Post Office opportunity (where there is no existing retail business) advertised by Post Office Ltd on its website and consider setting up a new retail business to also incorporate the running of a Post Office.

While there are key differences between the three types of opportunity there are also many common considerations to each and a disciplined approach to evaluating any business venture is crucial before undertaking any significant investment.

3. Types of Post Office Branches A full explanation of the different types of Post Office Branches is set out in the previous section of Post Office Ltds website. If you are responding to an existing retailers advert via a commercial estate agent or other advertising medium, check that the opportunity you are developing is based on the correct branch type subsequently advertised by Post Office Ltd. For any fully commercial propositions the most likely Post Office types available will be the Mains offer or the PO Local offer. 4. Understanding what you are Investing in People will often want to know what makes a successful independently run retail business with a Post Office. The point is that all Post Offices and retail businesses will have unique aspects based on their locations and type of premises so there is no one magic formula. The following list summarises a few common factors you will find in such successful businesses:

The retail turnover is often more than 5 x the total Post Office Fees or remuneration The operators are dynamic and progressive in their outlook They are sales and customer focused They recognise the important role they have in their communities and build on the opportunities that this can provide Their shop has a professional retail format and often operates under a symbol group (e.g. Londis, Spar, Premier, etc.) The store opening hours optimise the opportunities to sell retail and match or beat the competitors in their same catchment. The Post Office and retail business is fully integrated in its staffing and operation The layout of the branch has a logical flow ensuring all Post Office customers pass through the retail offer on their exit from the shop The operator keeps track of all aspects of the shop performance and regularly reviews and makes changes to keep their shop competitive and profitable

5. Contractual Obligations & Responsibilities Ensure you clearly understand the contractual obligations and responsibilities of being a Post Office Operator. If you have expressed an interest in a Post Office opportunity we will send you some details of the terms and conditions for operating a Post Office. 6. Overview and Evaluation of Advertised Post Office Fees (or Remuneration)

Any Post Office opportunity advertised by Post Office Ltd will include a range estimate of the total Fees (or remuneration) that can be achieved. Post Office Fee levels are entirely dependent on the sales performance of each operator so any prospective buyer of such a business needs to appreciate the performance based payment structure. This is not a salaried or employee based offer you will be a self employed business person or a Company there are no guarantees regarding the levels of Fees or remuneration that can be achieved. You need to conduct the research to support the Fee levels you provide in any final business plan submission. The Post Office offer also does not carry substantial margins once you fully assign all the costs of operating them. The key attraction is the potential footfall generator you are acquiring. You can become a destination store if you have a Post Office in your shop. The challenge is to get those Post Office customers to spend in your retail store. Dont forget that many Post Office customers leave a counter with more money than when they came in. When you are considering a Post Office opportunity you can request a breakdown of all the business currently conducted at the proposed location. You can assess from this the types of customers you may have or retain. You can also conduct your own analysis around how you think you could develop that business. Think about the market areas and the trends and assess those products that may be growing and others that maybe changing. If you are buying an existing retail business with a Post Office do not rely on the buyers information concerning the Post Office business. Always compare any data provided with the information available from Post Office Ltd. Post Office Ltd may from time to time produce its own document on the current national market position of the company. When available this is also accessible from this website. 7. Evaluation of Retail Host Business When evaluating any Post Office and Retail business you should be looking to ensure there is evidence of good integration and optimisation of the opportunity. Here are a few of the elements you should evaluate: Make sure of the customer profile and check the pitch of the retail offer is it the best to suit the profile and optimise sales and margin. Assess competition in the area and consider what will make a customer come to you instead of them. What is your USP (Unique Selling Point)? Why would customers be loyal to you, how price sensitive are they? How is the retail presented and laid out (merchandising). Is there a Post Office offer at the retail till for quieter times and out of hours service? (Note: this is the only option for a PO Local offer).

 How does the customer flow through the branch (typically ensure the Post Office operation is at the back of store (if a Main Post Office) and the best impulse buy products are positioned in normal customer flow. Retail tills normally near the exit and allowing full view of store to deter stealing (shrinkage) If there is a lottery terminal is it in the right place? Are their untapped potential vending opportunities to investigate (e.g. coffee machine, ATM, etc.) Get the balance right between customer access, environment and optimised selling opportunity 8. Evaluating Current Post Office and Store Operation Assess staffing of both the Post Office and the retail in relation to customer demand. Consider rates paid to staff and establish how your own attendance may impact on this and the need to factor in possible redundancy within any purchase price. Make sure you understand all relevant employment laws. 9. Assessing the Value of an Existing Post Office and Retail Business You should approach this with caution and negotiate hard in the same way you would approach any large purchase. Here is a list of some factors that may be material in your valuation assessment: What type of property is being provided (Freehold/Leasehold)? How much is the property worth without any business? How much is it worth without the Post Office operation? What is the current business plan? Get a copy of the accounts (and preferably audited) seeking independent professional financial advice on the most recent business performance. What are the most important and profitable market areas and what are the risks and opportunities? What is the potential to develop the business further? What is the stock valuation and is it accurate/valid (stock needs to be sellable (in date, in good condition, etc.)? Physically and thoroughly check yourself. If not renegotiate. Where the premises is leasehold, check that the current rent is at the current market value for that location. Ensure that any rent review due is not going to result in a significant rental increase. Note that the main drivers of the business value will be the property value and the retail turnover/ net profit margin not necessarily the size of the Post Office operation. What developments are planned for the area in the next ten years? contact the local council to obtain this information.

 Is your money better staying in the bank? What is the return on your investment? If something went wrong how would you exit with the minimum loss? Test the principle even if you dont think it is high risk. As with any transaction there is a negotiation to be completed. You need to fully satisfy yourself that what is being presented is accurate and realistically priced If not make a lower and more realistic offer. The final option is to seek a better proposition elsewhere. 10. Is the Business right for you? Make sure you have the right skills for the operation, for example: Large Post Office branch (3 positions or more) You will need to manage people what are your management skills? Do you intend to work in the Post Office regularly yourself (providing personal service) or do you intend to appoint a manager? What controls do you need to put in place to ensure the business is operated effectively and you can trust the people you select to run your store? Are you sociable and like people? You will have many regular Post Office customers and some may need a friendly and patient person. Are you ready to take on a role that makes you a key part of the community? What experience do you have of retail? are you prepared to open the hours needed to compete with other retailers? 11. How are you Financing the Purchase? Make sure your business plan is robust and not reliant on a heavy level of borrowing. Where substantial loans are required, factor in a range of interest rate levels and test the robustness of the net margin of each scenario 12. Other Contingency Plans Consider contingency plans. What is the risk level and how would you manage it if: A major retail competitor opened nearby and seriously eroded your retail sales Post Office Ltd lose a key contract or cease to provide a key service 13. Taking Over a Business or Commencing a New One The First Year Things will rarely go well from day one. Your business plan should not assume you can hit the ground running unless you are buying an existing well operated business and

you have taken the time to understand how it works and received appropriate training before taking up the appointment. Particularly consider: How any changes will impact on existing staff and their support/co-operation How customers will respond to changes and how quickly How long it will take to build up any new or changed retail proposition What to do if performance is not meeting the original business plan Cash flow make sure you have this planned and accurately track it. Most businesses experience their biggest problems in their initial months because they do not properly assess the cash flow requirements to set up and operate the business

14. In Summary We hope you have found this brief guide and set of tips useful and interesting. We want you to buy into a successful business venture. Taking care to buy the right one and set it up properly is crucial to your future. For many this will be a challenge with all the potential rewards from becoming your own boss. Make sure the rewards equal the risk and returns and we wish you every success in your future venture. Good luck!