HiDef BIM & Functional IPD

EOR Supplied Shop Drawings

Gregory P Luth GREG, GPLA, April 25, 2012

The Associated General Contractors of America (AGC) is a Registered Provider with The American Institute of Architects Continuing Education Systems. Credit earned on completion of this program will be reported to CES Records for AIA members. Certificates of Completion are available on request. This program is registered with the AIA/CES for continuing professional education. As such it does not include content that may be deemed or construed to be an approval or endorsement by the AIA of any material of construction or any method or manner of handling, using, distributing, or dealing in any material or product. Questions related to specific materials, methods, and services will be addressed at the conclusion of this presentation.

Copyright

This presentation and the materials provided are protected by U.S. and International copyright laws. Reproduction, distribution, display and use of the presentation or materials without written permission is prohibited. AGC of America, 2012

Course Description
In the world of design and construction the technological revolution started with the advent of computer analysis in the 70s and accelerated through the use of CAD in the 80s and 90s. BIM, Integrated Project Delivery, and Design Build are driving changes, that, if implemented effectively, offer the promise of reductions of up to 25% in cost and schedule relative to a project delivered by the conventional design-bid-build process. In structural engineering, the use of design models with construction level detail, HiDef BIM, and Functional Integrated Project Delivery to implement performance based engineering enables unprecedented reliability, coordination, and true lean construction based on actual labor, means, methods, and sequences. This technology is disruptive at its core and will require fundamental changes in the delivery process and scopes of services on the design side well beyond contractual arrangements.

Learning Objectives

At the end of this presentation, attendees will be able to:

Attendees will be able to identify achievable levels of detail (LOD) in design models. Attendees will be able to summarize the Integration prerequisites for incorporating construction level detail in a design model. Attendees will be able to identify the work flow for a vertically integrated design-construction process.

Insanity is doing the same thing over and over again and expecting different results
Albert Einstein, German born American Physicist 1879-1955

Luth Corollaries Corollary 1: If you want the same results, do the same thing. Corollary 2: If you want something better, do something different

Where We Are Headed

Design/Construction Industry HiDef BIM Functional IPD Virtual Design and Construction (VDC) utilize HiDef BIM to visualize, analyze, coordinate, and evaluate different design and construction alternatives Structural Engineering Performance-Based Design (PBD) of all building systems Performance Based Earthquake Engineering beyond life safety to eliminate sacrificial structures and control losses

BIM: Building Information Model

BIM
Graphical Representation Graphics Renderings Approximate/ Design Intent Concept to Design Clash-detection

HiDef BIM
Database of Information Knowledge Heuristics Shop Drawing Level Detail Concept to Facilities Clash avoidance Virtual Design & Construction ------ GIGO Effect ------

HiDef BIM
High Definition BIM (HiDef BIM) incorporates shop drawing level detail into the design model (AIA LOD = 5) There is only one BIM model, and it is used for all life cycle processes. During one short interval in the life cycle designconstruction the model is used to produce shop drawings and support design, fabrication, construction, and maintenance processes.

This requires explicit consideration of and provision for, means, methods, and sequences during the design phase.
This is possible today in structural engineering

HiDef BIM
This is a disruptive technology The design/construction processes must change to get maximum benefit from the technology. Scope shifts from construction to design Construction knowledge must be deployed to support design we pull the knowledge forward in the process In a complementary fashion, knowledge of design processes can inform construction facilitating the identification of the optimum vertically integrated solution

Copyright Gregory P. Luth & Associates

To date we have used HiDef BIM to:

Model concrete, rebar, structural steel, wood, light gage

Produce shop drawings for steel, light gage, rebar

Coordinate construction sequences

Facilitate the design & construction of innovative high performance structures Perform in model shop drawing review and work on the same model as the steel detailer with model remotely located in the cloud

Functional IPD
f IPD: Incorporating detailed construction knowledge and planning into the design Means, methods, and sequencing Enabling details Prefabrication Precision

Conventional BIM Practice

Contract documents reflect a concept design that is based on no particular construction sequence or means and methods,

IPD with HiDef BIM

The SEOR produces a complete design predicated on the most efficient construction sequence with structure topography and details tailored to optimize construction efficiency, economy, and quality, complete with construction aids and/or temporary structures included.

Knowing the details of both the design and construction facilitates true lean construction getting exactly the right resources in exactly the right place at exactly the right time.

Panelized Light Gage Roof Decreases Schedule Less Off Ground Work Acoustical Details Included Plywood, LG Studs 12 OC, Insulation, 2 Layers of ceiling Gyp Board

Savings: roof finished in 3 days 3 weeks exterior 3 weeks interior eliminated scaffolding

Panelized Rebar Cages

Decreased Schedule (with EOR detailing) Phase 1 6 weeks Phase 2 15 weeks (30% schedule) Saves Space On Site

Rebar hoops 4 O.C. in slit plates require precision in prefabrication & placing

50 ft x 10 ft Panel - 4 tons - 15 min

Conventional Practice
Fixed price is an estimate based incomplete details. Subcontractors have to cover risk in price. Final quantities arent known until after shop drawings. Final price is adjusted through change order process based on revised estimates of concept drawings.

IPD with HiDef BIM

Unit price is based on exact quantities in the model and adjusted based on actual quantities delivered. (RE: Denver Health Project) This saves all of the overhead of the RFI and change order process

Isle of Capri Cape Girardeau Rebar modeling and Shop Drawings by EOR accelerated the schedule and resulted in higher quality end product. 2000 yd pour with 250 tons of rebar starting at 7 pm 2 weeks after award of concrete contract. Photo at noon on day of pour.f pour.

Conventional Practice
Construction sequence is determined by superintendent long after contract is awarded and detailed construction means and methods by the foreman of the trade involved. Quite often the details of the design have to be amended by the RFI process to tune the design to the eventual means and methods

IPD with HiDef BIM

Construction sequence on which the design is based is included with the contract documents providing a reliable starting point for the contractors logistical planning. All of the detailing that is necessary to support the sequence including any temporary structures is included in the design.

Livermore Performing Arts Center Construction sequence 3D HiDef BIM visualization construction steps 1-4, concrete substructure and partial superstructure

Livermore Performing Arts Center Construction sequence 3D HiDef BIM visualization steps 5-8 at concept steel & facade

Livermore Performing Arts Center Roof truss with temporary construction bracing

LIVERMORE Building Section with temporary construction columns under cantilever

Conventional Practice
The structural steel and rebar detailers have to interpret the SEORs intent in preparing complete shop drawings. Any question are resolved using the RFI process. The shop drawings have to be submitted to the SEOR to verify that the intent has been faithfully captured. Drawings are marked up by hand or manually in PDF and iterated until a clean set is produced. The process takes months.

IPD with HiDef BIM

The SEOR produces shop drawings that are, by definition, consistent with the design intent. The shop drawings can be furnished to the supplier at the time the contract is awarded. (RE: Cape Girardeau, Denver Health, USC, and Toledo projects)

A bonus is that constructibility conflicts are trapped and corrected during design. The EOR starts including constructibility as a basis of design.

Casino Hollywood Toledo, OH Single Pile Foundations

Challenge: 10 Rouge fill & fast schedule Enabling Concepts Single pile foundations Prefabricated 5-piece cages detailed for quick install.

Conventional Practice
The process is cumbersome, fraught with opportunities for miscommunication, conflict, and abuse.

IPD with HiDef BIM

The process is set up around the need to efficiently manage change while maintaining a productive construction operation. Design IS the process of managing change until the optimum design is arrived at. In modern projects, the structure always goes first, so managing change is essential to the art of structural engineering. The best way to manage change is to minimize the length of the supply chain.

Denver Health Pavilion M: A Renaissance in Project Delivery

Four Story + Basement 115,000 Square Feet of Structured Space Outpatient Dialysis Outpatient Procedure Administration Adolescent Psychiatry Underground Parking First Floor Parking
Photo by Joel Eden

Design Build Team: Mortenson Construction Heery International Architecture Martino & Luth Structural Engineers

Martino and Luth: SEOR

Full Structural HiDef BIM Model

3D Rebar Shop Drawings
Photo by Joel Eden

Contracts: With Heery: SEOR, Full Structural Model

3D Light Gauge Curtain Wall Shop Drawings

With Mortenson: 3D Rebar & 3D Light Gauge Shop Drawings

Volume of Water Storage on Roof Modeled Roof Slopes, Insulation, Crickets etc in HiDef BIM Made Solid called Water and Raised Up until Volume = Civil Engineer Calcs Determined Water Depth and Structural Design Load

Material Takeoffs at DD Detailed Structural Model Allows Accurate Estimating

Steel includes Connections

Concrete Planter Boxes and Built Up Column Bases Modeled

Structural Model Sent To Steel Fabricator Zimmerman Metals Also on HiDef BIM Shop Drawing Creation Faster and Easier

3D Rebar Detailing

Rebar Take off At DD

Rebar Bar Lists for Fabrication Rebar Field Placement Drawings for Rodbusters

Rebar Takeoffs At DD
DD Quantity 375 Tons Used to Sign unit price Contract Shop Drawing Quantity 365 Tons (2.6% from DD)

Final Delivered Quantity 372 Tons (0.8% From DD, +1.9% from Detailed

Rebar Bar Lists for Fabrication (Typical Foundation Wall Shown) M&L worked with Rio Grande to produce a Bar List that was Compatible with their process. Fabricator Redlined and Checked our Bar list, vice versa from Normal

Rebar Placement Drawings Typ Elevated Slab

3D HiDef BIM Light Gauge Shop Drawings

Full Member Material Takeoff

Discover Curtain Wall Issues Prior to Construction

Coordinated, Constructible Shop Drawings

Coordinated Constructible Shop Drawings Produced Directly From the Model Every Member Modeled as it is and where it will go

Typical Light Gauge Wall Elevations

 Project Delivery Benefits

More Realistic Analysis of Volumetric and Layout Based Design Requirements Water Retention Accurate B.O.M. during Design Phase Shared Model with Steel Fabricator Virtually Installed Rebar Prior to Actual Construction 3D Rebar Shop Drawings Virtually Installed Structural Curtain Wall Prior to Actual Construction 3D Exterior Light Gauge Shop Drawings.

 HiBIM - Implementation Challenges

How are the services contracted? What does it do to project communications? How does it change liabilities?

How much does it cost?

IPD and HiDef BIM Concluding Remarks from an Architects Perspective Cliff Bourland
A more expansive view is required. IPD doesnt start with design and it doesnt end with construction. We need to elevate our goals.
Life Cycle savings should match those of construction. For example stop building throw away buildings We can design efficient buildings that can be managed efficiently, but only if the knowledge is passed from one phase to the next. Means and methods is not just about construction. The owner needs a Users Manual. And the general contractor is in the best position to provide it.

Copyright Gregory P. Luth & Associates

Our objective is to produce as the deliverable product of the design a model with sufficient detail and data to facilitate Lean Construction and Functional Integrated Project delivery today, using technology that is scalable to support Life Cycle Facility Management processes in the future.

Contribution to Life Cycle Cost

5% controls the other 95%

.

IPD in the old days Life Cycle?

Historical Context Tramway Building

Note the tower at the center of the site used to deliver concrete to all parts of the low rise building an early pumper. Note the plate girder over the car entries on the south side in the foreground.

Construction at 7th Floor October 24, 1910

Historical Context Tramway Building

The completed building includes the 8 story tower in foreground as well as a concert hall and bowling alley housed in the pop up immediately behind the tower. The construction was completed in 11 months by Whitney-Steen Engineers and Builders. By the time the photos were archived, Whitney-Steen had dropped the word Engineers from their name.

Construction Complete, February 6, 1911

USC PII Building B Pivoting Wall Model, Shop Drawings, & Constructed

Performance Based Earthquake Engineering (PBEE)

Can Become

Performance Planned Non - Catastrophic Engineering (PPNCE)

We can do better than designing sacrificial structures in order to preserve life safety We can and should design to control losses

The World can no longer tolerate anything but the very best design and construction. We cannot afford less.

Natural disasters cost a record $380 billion in 2011 HiDEF BIM can propel the industry to achieve better results

Performance Based Engineering

Performance-based engineering is the design, evaluation and construction of engineered facilities that meet, as economically as possible, the uncertain future demands that both owner-users and nature will put upon them. The premise is that performance levels and objectives can be quantified, that performance can be predicted analytically, and that the cost of improved performance can be evaluated, so that rational trade-offs can be made based on life-cycle considerations rather than construction costs alone.

20% OF THE WORLD POPULATION lives in or near an earthquake zone. MORE than 70% of that percentage is in poverty level socio-economic classes.

More than 65 Million Americans live in Tornado Alley

The Construction Model is the Facilities Management Model Construction/ Operations & Capital Projects Maintenance
As Built Intelligence & Building Performance Proforma O&M Guidelines/Requirements, Operational Standards

Capital Planning

Design

Construction

Facility Mgmt

Asset Mgmt

Space Mgmt

Lease Mgmt

Operational Wisdom applied to next design

Knowledge amassed through operating and maintaining the portfolio

People Process Systems

Integrating people, processes and systems throughout the building lifecycle creates the opportunity for portfolio value optimization.

HiDEF BIM EXECUTION PLAN

DESIGN, PRE-CONSTRUCTION & CONSTRUCTION STAGE
10/1/2008 9/1/2008 Complete & Current Coordinated Design: IFC Revit Model (Architect Owner) 1/1/2009 4/1/2009 7/1/2009 10/1/2009

PROJECT TIMELINE
1/1/2010 4/1/2010 7/1/2010 7/1/20 010
Clash Detected Clash Detected SET-UP

OPERATIONS & MAINTENANCE

10/1/2010 12/31/2010 Facilities Navigation & Data Linking Model (NavisWorks)

FMS TAKE OVER & MANAGE

DESIGN MODEL
NO Coordinated (No Clashes) NO Coordinated Architect YES YES YES Updated Issuance MEP (Revit / IFC) Collaborate Significant Issuance (Pre-Bid) Post Pos st Bid Upd Updates dates NO Suspended Su uspended

Family Place Holders Identify f Parameters fy Confirm Shared Parameters Populate as Applicable University Guidelines Attributes & Parameters

Owner / FMS

DESIGN MODEL
YES START YES Architect Civil (Civil 3D)

Construction Documents Specifications Energy Analysis Rendering & Visualization

Final Record Ready NO Repeat Throughout Design Cycle Repeat Throughout Construction Cycle NO

YES

Issue Iss sue Complete Record

FACILITIES MANAGEMENT MODEL

YES NO FMS Sign-Off f ff NO VALIDATE EDMS Incorporate AsBuilt Conditions (3rd Party or A&E) Add Serv Service r ice rv YES YES NO VALIDATE CAFM Issue Complete Record As-Builts YES

Validate & Update Owner Requested Data / Parameters (Cx Agent or A&E)

NO

VALIDATE

CMMS

Structutral (Tekla / IFC)

Architect Arch hitect

Manage Ma nag ge Model g Revision R Rev is sio on Control Model M Mod el S Standards Model Mo del l Content Le Lead ead Co Coordination oordination

Specialty Consultants (IFC)

CONSTRUCTION MODEL
Suspended NO PreConstruction Complete GC / Modeler Issue Update As Required (Monthly) YES Suspended Suspended

Links & Interfacing to Documents in all databases

ARCHIVE RECORD & AS-BUILTS NO YES Issue I Iss sue Complete As-Builts

VALIDATE

EMS

Final As-Builts Ready

END

Shop Drawings Fabrication MEPS Coordination

NO YES GC or GC Managed Modeler Include Necessary Design IFCs Structural Civil Architectural YES NO a or Buyout Maj Major aj Subs NO Coordinated with A&E Begin or Update Respective Sub CAM Models YES SET-UP Clash Detected

GC Finalized Set Budget

Manage Model Revision Control Model Standards Model Content Lead Coordination

Collaborate

YES

All Trades An Annotate for AsBuilt Delivery B

Complete & Clashed: IFC & CAM Collaborated Navis Model (GC Owns)

10/1/2008 9/1/2008

1/1/2009

4/1/2009

7/1/2009

10/1/2009

1/1/2010

4/1/2010

7/1/2010

10/1/2010 12/31/2010

Thank you for your time.

Questions?
Gregory P. Luth & Associates
Structural Engineers and Builders

greg@gplainc.com 415 310 5955