PMA3018

Exam Time Table Code PMA3018

Approved Calculators Permitted Normal Answer Books

LEVEL 3 EXAMINATION FOR THE DEGREES OF BACHELOR OF SCIENCE AND MASTER IN SCIENCE

Algebraic Equations

Wednesday, 26th May 2010 9:30 am - 12:30 pm

Examiners: Professor S J Gardiner (External) Dr R Hazrat (Internal)

Write on both sides of the answer paper Take care to indicate the development of the solutions

Answer FOUR questions All questions carry equal marks You have THREE hours to complete the paper

PMA3018 Throughout the text, all rings are commutative and have identities. 1. (a) State the Eisenstein irreducibility criteria. [5 marks]

(b) Let F be a eld, a F and f (x) F [x]. Prove that f (x) is irreducible over F if and only if f (x + a) is irreducible over F . [7 marks] (c) Show that if p is prime then xp1 +xp2 +. . .+x+1 is irreducible over Q. [8 marks] (d) Show that [Q( n p) : Q] = n where p is prime. [5 marks]

2. Let D be an integral domain which is a subring of an integral domain E . Let f (x) D[x] and c E . (a) Show that c is a multiple root of f (x) if and only if f (c) = 0 and f (c) = 0. [7 marks] (b) Show that if D is a eld and f (x) is relatively prime to f (x), then f (x) has no multiple roots in E . [5 marks] (c) By producing an example, show that the converse of (b) is not correct. [5 marks] (d) Show that if D is a eld, f (x) is irreducible in D[x] and E contains a root of f (x), then f (x) has no multiple roots in E if and only if f (x) = 0. [8 marks]

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PMA3018 3. Let K be a eld extension of F . (a) Show that if [K : F ] < , then |Gal(K/F )| < . [7 marks]

(b) Show that if K is algebraic over F , then |Gal(F () : F )| is equal to the number of distinct roots of the minimal polynomial of in F (). [8 marks] (c) Show that the polynomial 1 + x + x2 is irreducible over F = F2 and conclude that K = F [x]/(1 + x + x2 ) is a eld with |Gal(K/F )| < . [5 marks] (d) With K and F as in (c), show that if is an F -automorphism of K , then ((1 + x + x2 ) + x) is either (1 + x + x2 ) + x or (1 + x + x2 ) + 1 + x. [5 marks]

4. Let K be a splitting eld of x3 2 over Q. (a) Show that K is a Galois extension of Q. (b) Find the Galois group Gal(K/Q). (c) List all the subgroups of Galois group Gal(K/Q). [4 marks] [6 marks] [7 marks]

(d) List all the intermediate subelds of the extension K/Q. Justify at least one of the cases. [8 marks]

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PMA3018 5. Let F be a eld of characteristic p > 0 and a F . Consider the polynomial f (x) = xp x a F [x]. (a) Show that if (in some extended eld of F ) is a root of f (x), then + 1, + 2, . . . , + p are also roots of f (x). [8 marks] (b) Show that f (x) is a separable polynomial. (c) Show that F () is a splitting eld for f (x). [5 marks] [5 marks]

(d) For p = 3 and a = 2 and F = F3 show that F [x]/(f (x)) is a Galois extension of F . [7 marks]

6. (a) State the fundamental theorem of Galois theory.

[5 marks]

(b) Show that if F L K are elds such that K/F is separable, then L/F and K/L are separable. [5 marks] (c) Show that if F L K are elds such that L/F and K/L are separable, then K/F is separable. [8 marks] (d) Give an example of elds F L K where K/L and L/F are normal but K/F is not normal. [7 marks] END OF PAPER

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