6 66 6

RADIATION RADIATION RADIATION RADIATION

CET WORKSHEETS SOLUTIONS

Radiation
1. c) both a and b


Radiant heat which is invisible on the
surface of Earth can be detached by
Crookes radiometer and Boys radio
micrometer.
2. b) do not heat the molecules of medium


When heat waves pass through a
medium they do not heat the molecules
of medium.
3.
a)
7 4
8 10 4 10 m to m




The wavelength range of heat waves is
7 4
8 10 4 10 m to m

.
4. c) infra-red region


The heat radiation or thermal radiation
in the region of spectrum, known as
infrared region.
5. c) silver
Silver is best conductor of heat.
6. a) conduction


The mode of transfer of heat energy
from one oscillating particle to another
with out actual migration of the
particles form one point to another is
called as conduction.
7. a) radiation


The fastest mode of heat transfer is
radiation. (with the speed of light)
8. d) convection of heat occurs upwards only


Convection of heat occurs upwards
only. (in natural case but for forced
convection in any direction).
9. c) radiation


The heat energy reaching on surface of
Earth from Sun is due to the
phenomenon of radiation i.e. with the
help of electromagnetic wave due to
absence of atmosphere.
10. c) the piece of metal will appear hotter
than the piece of wood
As metal has large conductivity so it
will appear more hot. (As it will
conduct heat more fast to the hands).
11. a) grater than that of red colour


Greater than that of red colour. Because
the wavelength of red light is near about
7800
o
A and the wavelength of heat
radiation starts from 8000
o
A ad
onwards.
12. d) all vibratory motions of atoms or
molecules stop
13. c) a lot of heat is produced as a result of
air friction
A lot of heat is produced as a result of
air friction.
14. b) maximum coefficient of reflection for
red colour
Maximum coefficient of reflection for
red colour. Because as it is appearing
red it means that it is absorbing all other
wavelengths and reflecting only
wavelength having red colour .
15. a) blackened
Backened. To absorb more heat.
16. c) diathermanous


The substances which allow heat
radiation to pass through them are
called as diathermanous.
17. a) coefficient of absorption (a) of body i.e.
a
Q
a
Q
=
The ratio of amount of radiant heat
absorbed to the total radiant heat
incident on the body is called as
coefficient of absorption (a) of body
i.e.
a
Q
a
Q
=
18. c) a + r + t = l


The relationship between the three
coefficients (i.e. coefficient of
absorption, reflection and transmission)
is a + r + t = 1.
19.
c)
0
5 C


Let be the temperature of common
surface As,
1 2
d d
dt dt
| | | |
=
| |
\ \

( ) ( )
1 1 2 2
1 2
10 0
K A K A
x x

=
( )
1 1
2 2
10 0
K x
K x
= ( )
1 2
A A =
( )
2 2
10
3 3
=

Radiation
56
10 =
2 10 =

0
5 C =
20. b) 16 Kcal


r = 1 a + t
r = 1 (0.8 + 0.04) = 0.16
r
Q
r
Q
=
r
Q r Q =
0.16 100 16
r
Q Kcal = =
21. c) 800 J


t = 1 (a + r)
= 1 (0.54 + 0.6) = 0.4
=
t
Q
t
Q

=
t
Q Q t
2000 0.4 800
t
Q J = =
22. c) both a and b


The amount of energy radiated by a
body depends upon the temperature of
its surface, the area of its surface, the
nature of its surface .
23. c) good emitters


Good absorbers of heat are good
emitters.
24. d) 40 %


We know
a + r + t = 1
a + 0.28 + 0.32 = 1
a + 0.60 = 1
a = 1 0.60 = 0.40
Qa
a
Q
=
% heat absorbed 100
Qa
Q
=
0.40 100 =
= 40 %
25. d) adiathermanous
26. b) 129 J and 32 J


Given opaque body
t = 0
a = 0.2
0.2 + r + 0 = 1
r = 1 0.2
r = 0.8
Q = 160 J


r
Q rQ =
0.8 160 =
= 128 J
a
Q aQ =
0.2 160 32J = =
27. b) quantum theory
The phenomenon of emission by a black
body was satisfactorily explained by
quantum theory.
28. d) area of the hole
For Ferrys black effective area is equal
to area of area of the hole.
29. c) one


Absorptive power of perfectly black
body is one
30. c) one


Emissivity power of perfectly black
body is one
31. c) continuous spectrum
Spectrum of perfectly black body is
continuous.
32. d) does not exist naturally
33. b) a = 1, r = 0, t = 0
For perfectly black body
a = 1, r = 0, t = 0
34. b) decreases with temperature
35.
d)
0 1 1
M X Y


As Wiens constant b T = =
Dimensions
0 1 1
. M X Y
(
=


36. b) increased by T


As
m
T k =
2
2
m
m
T T

=
i.e. to satisfy the condition temperature
of star has to be 2T, i.e. it increases by
T.
37.
d)
7 0
10 K


3
7 0
10
2.883 10
10
2.883 10
m
b
T K

= = =

38. d)
b
E
e
E
=
39. c) sixteen times

4
Q A T =
( ) ( )
4 4
1 1
2 Q A T A T = =

4
16 16 16 A T Q times = = =
40. a)
Q
At



Radiation
57
41. b)
2
0.016 / watt m

2
5 10 1
10 50 60 60
Q
E
At

= = =



2
0.016 / watt m =
42. b) 16 : 1

We know,
4
E T
4
1 1
2 2
E T
E T
| |
=
|
\

4
1
2
1327 273
527 273
E K
E K
| | +
=
|
+
\


4
1600 16
800 1
| |
= =
|
\

43. a)
2
500 / cal m s

We have
Q
E
At
=
For cube,
( )
2
2 2
6 6 3 10 A l

= =

4
6 9 10

=

4
54 10

=
4 2
0.27
54 10 10
E

=



0.27 27
0.54 54
= =
44. a) all bodies radiate heat at all the
temperatures
According to Prevosts theory of
exchanges all bodies radiate heat at all
the temperature.
45. d) both will emit the heat radiations


Because according to Prevost theory
each and every body emits heat
radiations at all temperatures except
absolute zero temperature (0 K), but ice
is having temperature 273 K.
46. d) both a and c
47.
c)
2 4
Wm K




Unit of Stefan
2 4
watt
m K
=

2 4
W m K

=
48. c)
4
Q
T
At

49. c)
4
dQ
AeT
dt
=
50. c) 182

Energy radiated
( )
4 4
1 2
A e T T =
( ) ( )
4 8
4 4
200 10 5.67 10 0.4
800 300

=
(

10 8
4.536 10 4015 10

=
182.12 182 J J = =
51. a) 405

As
4
E T
So,
4
2
2 1
1
T
E E
T
| |
=
|
\


927 273
5
127 273
+ | |
=
|
+
\


4
1200
5 405
400
| |
= =
|
\

52. a) 2749 J

By Stefans law, for black bodies
2 4
Q At T =

( )
2 4
4 r t T =
( )
( )
2
8 2
4
2
5.7 10 4 3.14 5 10
60 4 10
Q

=


8 2 8
5.7 10 3.14 10 60 256 10

=
2
5.7 3.14 256 60 10

=
= 2749 J
53. d) 11.45 W

By Stefans law,
4
Q
P A T
t
= = (i)
But
2 A rl =

3
2 0.1 10 0.1

=

2 3
2 10 10

=

5 2
2 10 m

=
( )
8 5
4
3
5.7 10 2 10 0.2
2 10
P

=


8 5
12
5.7 10 2 3.14 10 0.2 16
10

=

13 12
5.7 2 3.14 0.2 16 10 10

=

Radiation
58

1
114.5 10

=
= 11.45 W.
54. d) 5 : 1

By Stefans law, for ordinary bodies

4
dQ
R AeT
dt
= =
4
4
X X X X
Y Y Y Y
R A e T
R A e T
=

2 4
2 4
4
4
x X X
Y Y Y
e T
e r T

=
2 4
X X X
Y Y Y
r e T
r e T
| | | | | |
=
| | |
\ \ \

2 4
3 9 500
5 5 300
| | | | | |
=
| | |
\ \ \

9 9 25 25
25 5 9 9

1 2
: 5:1. R R =
55. c) 46.4 %

We have,
Power
4
Q
P AT
t
= = =
4
P T
4
2 2
1 1
P T
P T
| |
=
|
\

( )
4
4 2200
1.1 1.4641
2000
| |
= = =
|
\

% increase
2 1
1
100
P P
P
| |
=
|
\


2
1
1 100
P
P
| |
=
|
\

( ) 1.4641 1 100 =
0.4641 100 46.41% = =
56. c) 522 W

( )
4 4
0
dQ
e A T T
dt
=
( )
8 2 4 4
0.6 5.7 10 4 10 600 300

=


( ) ( )
8 2
4
4 4 2
0.6 5.7 10 4 3.14 10
6 3 10

=

2
5.2190 10 522.0watt =
57. a) ( )
0
K
ms


Rate of fall of temperature
( )
0
K
ms

=
58. b)
0
4 / min C

Rate of cooling
1 2
d
dt dt

= =

80 60 20
5 5

= =

0
4 / min C =
59. b)
0
10 C

( )
0
d
K
dt

=
( )
0
60 50
55
10
K

=
( )
0
1 55 K =
( )
0
50 42
46
10
K

=
( )
0
0.8 46 K =
( )
( )
0
0
55 1
0.8 46
K
K

0
0
10 C =
60. c) 1 : 4

4 2 4
4 R A T r T = =
( )
( )
2
2
1 1
2 2
2 2
10 1
4
20
R r
R r
= = =
= 1 : 4
61. d)

1 2 3
t t t < <

Rate of cooling difference of
temperature of body and surrounding
So
1 2 3
t t t < <
62. b) 7

Rate of cooling
( )
0
d
K
dt

=
( )
61 59
60 30
4
K

=
0.5 30 K =
0.5
30
K =
( )
51 49
50 30 K
t

=

Radiation
59
( )
2 0.5
50 30
30 t
=
7min. t
63. c) solar radiations have to travel longer in
the morning
In the morning solar radiations have to
cover longer distance, as
2
1
, S
r

therefore it is not as hot as in mid-day.
64.
c)
2 4
4 R T


According to definition solar luminosity
2 4
4 . R T =
65. b)
4 2
2
T R
r

According to definition of solar constant
4 2
2
T R
S
r

=
66. d)
2
1340 / watt m

For present temperature T and radius
R of the Sun, the solar constant is
2
1340 / watt m .
i.e.
4 2
2
1340
T R
S
r

= =
But if P.B.B. of unit area is at
2
r
r =
' ' E received/sec =
4 2
2
2 T R
S
r

=
2
2680 / . S watt m =
Increase in energy received/s
2
1340 / . watt m =
67. c) Earth has atmosphere

The Earth has atmosphere, due to which
absorption takes place and it reduces the
value of solar constant.
68. d)
0
1.2 / min C

( )
( )
0 1
0
2
/
60
/ 40
d dt
d dt

0
0
60 1.6
0.8 40

0
0
60
2
40

0 0
80 2 60 =


0 0
2 80 60 =
0
0
20 . C =
( ) 1.6 60 20 K =
( ) 1.6 40 K =

1.6
0.04
40
K = =
When water is mixed them temperature
1 2
3
2

+
=

60 40
2
+
=

0
100
50
2
C = =
( )
3 0
d
K
dt

| |
=
|
\

( ) 0.04 50 20 =
( )
0
0.04 30 1.2 / min. C = =
69. d)
2 1
2 T T =

As
4
1 1
2 2
E T
E T
| |
=
|
\
or
1/ 4
1
2 1
2
E
T T
E
| |
=
|
\

1/ 4
2 1
1
16
T T
| |
=
|
\

2 1
2 T T =
70. c) thermal radiation do not exhibit
diffraction
Thermal radiation exhibit diffraction
71. c) 0.8


2
2
2.4 10
0.8
3 10
b
E
e
E

= = =

72. c) radiation can transmit through it
73. b) ice under black cloth melted more
74. c) temperature
Temperature. By Wiens law as
temperature changes wavelength also
changes.
75. d) more heat and more cold
More heat and more cold. Because he
will absorb more heat as well as he will
loose more heat by Kirchhofs law.