Transformer Bushing

ANSI Standard
2
Application
Trench bushings, Type COTA, are
designed for application on liquid
filled power transformers. They
are used to connect the power
transformer to overhead lines or
exposed bus in either outdoor or
indoor conditions.
Connection to the transformer
winding leads can be accom-
plished by one of three methods:
Bottom connected via a fixed
copper conductor.
Connected via a copper draw lead
cable(s) supplied with the power
transformer.
Bottom connected via Trench's all
copper "Split-Conductor" draw
lead.
The method selected depends on
voltage rating, maximum through
current or user preference.
Connection to the power system is
accomplished with an industry
standard threaded top terminal.
Applicable Standards
Trench, Type COTA, bushings are
designed to meet or exceed the
following industry standards for
power transformer applications:
ANSI/IEEE Standard
C57.19.00-1997
IEEE Standard General Requirements
and Test Procedure for Outdoor
Power Apparatus Bushings
ANSI/IEEE Standard
C57.19.01-1997
IEEE Standard Performance
Characteristics and Dimensions for
Outdoor Apparatus Bushings
IEEE Standard
C57.19.100-1995
IEEE Guide for Application of
Power Apparatus Bushings
Active Part
The active part of the COTA bushing
is constructed of oil-impregnated
paper with layers of aluminum
foil. The position of the foil layers
is computer optimized to ensure a
homogenous electrical field, radially
and axially controlled, providing
extremely high dielectric resistance.
Depending on the rated current,
the active part is wound on either
an aluminum central tube or a
fixed copper conductor.
Housing
The housing is constructed of a
head, outdoor insulator, mounting
flange, ground sleeve (COTA 250
and above) and epoxy insulator,
held together by either a central
aluminum tube or a fixed copper
conductor. Pre-tensioned cone
spring washers provide mechanical
stability over the entire temperature
range, ensuring a leak free bushing
with the highest possible mechani-
cal strength. COTA bushings are
sealed exclusively with 0-Ring gas-
kets and each bushing is hermeti-
cally sealed with its own indepen-
dent oil reservoir. The interior of
aluminum castings are painted.
Design
3
Head
The cast aluminum head contains
an oil expansion chamber with an
oil level indicator. The design of
the head allows the bushings to
be shipped and stored horizontally
and mounted as follows:
COTA 150 and COTA 200 Fixed
conductor models: vertical or hori-
zontal.
COTA 150 and above draw lead
models and fixed conductor models
above COTA 200: vertical to a
maximum inclination of 40.
For greater inclination, contact
Trench for special instructions and
limitations.
Outdoor Insulator
The outdoor insulator is either a
high-grade electrotechnical porcelain
or a composite insulator constructed
from a explosion-resistant fiber-
glass epoxy resin tube with molded
silicone rubber sheds.
Porcelain Insulators
The standard porcelain insulator
on COTA bushings is ANSI No.70,
light gray. Brown porcelain is avail-
able upon request. When the
height of the bushing makes it
necessary to use more than one
porcelain element, Trench uses a
special gluing procedure devel-
oped to ensure that the porcelain
elements will exhibit the same
level of performance as a single
porcelain element. On bushing
style COTA 250 and above, the
porcelain insulator is cemented to
the mounting flange using special
cement and sealed with an 0-Ring
gasket. To protect against corro-
sion, the mounting flange surface
that is in contact with the cement
is treated with a special coating,
ensuring a trouble free interface.
Composite Insulators
Composite insulators used by Trench
are specifically designed for use on
high voltage bushings. The com-
posite insulator demonstrates
superior electrical and mechanical
characteristics not found in other
types of insulators. The physical
properties of the silicone rubber
provide many advantages over
conventional porcelain insulators.
The composite insulator has
demonstrated superior perfor-
mance in earthquake prone areas.
Porcelain insulator
Typical design COTA250 ... COTA900
Alternative sheds
Porcelain insulator
Portland cement
Mounting flange
O-Ring gasket
Mounting flange
Fiberglass-reinforced
epoxy resin tube
Silicone rubber sheds
Composite insulator
Typical design COTA550 ... COTA900
4
Epoxy Insulator
The lower end of the COTA bush-
ings (COTA 200 and below) are
protected by a fiberglass-reinforced
epoxy-resin tube or (COTA 250
and above) by a cone shaped vacu-
um molded epoxy resin insulator.
The epoxy insulator is designed to
be installed during the in-tank drying
process of the active part of the
transformer and can withstand
temperatures up to 130C.
A special aluminum electrode is
embedded into the end of the
epoxy-resin insulator providing
control of the electrical field
strength in this area of the bushing.
Mounting Flange
The mounting flange is a high
quality aluminum casting, ma-
chined to exact dimensions, ensur-
ing an excellent seal between the
bushing and the transformer.
Integrated into the mounting
flange of COTA bushings through
69 kV are test taps. Above 69 kV
the mounting flange is equipped
with a voltage tap
Test Tap, COTA150 ... COTA 350 Voltage Tap, COTA 550 and above
Epoxy Insulator
Design
Current Path
Two current path options are
available:
Fixed conductor
Current path via a copper conductor
that is fixed in place has the active
part wound on the conductor. The
fixed conductor is either solid copper
or a copper tube, depending on
the specific bushing design.
Draw lead
Current path via the transformers
copper cable(s) to a silver-plated
copper terminal through multi
spring contacts to the copper-alloy
top terminal. Or via Trenchs copper
Split-Conductor draw lead
through multi spring contacts to
the copper-alloy top terminal.
Both current path options are
available, depending on the appli-
cation, on all COTA bushings.
Sealing cap
Multiple spring contact
for grounding
Sealing cap Oil plug
Multiple spring contact
for grounding
5
Fixed Conductor
When a fixed conductor bushing is
selected the connection to the
transformer winding leads will be
at the bottom of the bushing. The
terminal configuration at the bot-
tom a fixed conductor bushing will
depend on the current rating
and/or the desired application and
the requirements of the ANSI/IEEE
Standards. Refer to the Technical
Ordering Data for standard and
optional bottom terminals.
Draw Lead Cable(s)
When a draw lead application is
selected, and the through current
allows the use of flexible copper
cable(s), a draw lead cable termi-
nal must be selected from the
Technical Order Data. The limiting
factor in determining if a flexible
copper cable(s) can be applied is
the inside diameter of the bushings
central tube. For most applications
through 69 kV, up to 700 amperes
can be carried by cable(s). Above
69 kV, up to 800 amperes can be
carried by cable(s).
When applying draw lead cable(s)
on bushings with a vacuum mold-
ed epoxy resin insulator, the em-
bedded end shield provides for a
simple, space-saving assembly
without additional shielding or
barriers. Recommendations are
made in this catalog for applying
insulated leads from the trans-
former windings.
Split-Conductor
Draw Lead
When a draw lead application is
selected, and the through current
exceeds the capability of flexible
copper cable(s) a Split-Conduc-
tor will be provided with the
bushing to meet the required
through current. Split-Conduc-
tors are capable of carrying be-
tween 1,400 and 3,000 amperes
depending on the BIL rating of the
bushing. (See the COTA Technical
Specification Sheet for available
Split-Conductor ratings)
For Split-Conductor application
the termination of the transformer
winding leads will be at the bot-
tom of the bushing. The type of
termination required will depend
on the maximum through current,
operating voltage and mounting
position. Additional measures
(shielding, barriers, etc.) may be
required. Contact Trench for avail-
able terminals and shields for your
specific application of the
Split-Conductor.
Split-Conductor
COTA150 ... COTA900
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
2
1
10
11
Top terminal
Multiple spring contact
Retaining pin with locking device
Central tube
Split Conductor upper part
Mounting flange
Gasket surface flange
Split Conductor lower part
Epoxy insulator
End-shielding
Bottom terminal
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
2
1
10
11
6
Top Terminal
The top terminal assembly of a
Trench COTA draw lead bushing is
designed to provide maintenance
free termination of the overhead
line or bus. To ensure that the top
terminal will not become loose in
service it is bolted to the head of
the bushing, sealed with an 0-Ring
gasket. The top terminal is designed
to accept either a draw lead termi-
nal or Trench's Split-Conductor.
Standardization
Trench COTA bushings were devel-
oped to promote the concept of
standardization. The designs
detailed in this catalog will cover
nearly 100% of the bushing
requirements for liquid filled power
transformers rated through
100 MVA, 900 kV BIL. All COTA
bushings are designed for operation,
without de-rating, to an altitude
of 10'000 feet. COTA bushings
(COTA 200 and above) have as
standard, extra-creep porcelain
in accordance with the Heavy con-
tamination level as described in
the IEEE Guide for Application of
Power Apparatus Bushings,
C57.19.100-1995.
COTA bushings present a level of
standardization that will reduce
inventories while meeting the most
demanding requirements.
Top Terminal
COTA Draw Lead Bushings
Top terminal
Draw lead stud
Multiple spring contact
Retaining pin with locking device
4 Fixing screws
O-Ring gasket
Terminal ID
D
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Bushing head
7
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
2
1
10
11
Top terminal
Multiple spring contact
Draw lead stud
Cone spring washers
Oil level indicator
Head
Outdoor insulator
Active part
Central tube
Mounting flange
Volt tap (COTA 550...COTA 900
Ground sleeve
Epoxy insulator
End-shielding
Test tap (COTA 150...350)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
12
13
14
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
2
1
10
11
Top terminal
Cone spring washers
Oil level indicator
Head
Outdoor insulator
Active part
Test tap
Mounting flange
Fixed conductor
Fiberglass-reinforced
epoxy resin tube
Bottom terminal
3
4
5
6
7
8
2
1
9
10
11
15
15
Cut Views
Typical design
COTA 150 and
200 (fixed
conductor)
Typical design
COTA 150 ... 900
(draw lead)
8
Technical Ordering Data
Trench has developed a technical
ordering data system that is user
friendly. It is designed to allow you
to build your own bushing from a
selection of standard accessories
and options that meet your specific
application requirement.
The technical ordering data system
is made from three components,
the bushing Type, the bushing Style
number and the bushing Options.
On the next page are tables that
list the available options and acces-
sories.
Type COTA
COTA, which stands for Condenser
Oil Transformer bushing designed
according to ANSI Standards.
Style Number
The style number is made up of
seven sets of numbers and/or letters
that will provide specific information
about the bushing.
The first set of three numbers states
the BIL (Basic Insulation Level) of
the bushing. Style Code 1 lists the
standard levels available.
The next set of 1 letter and 3 num-
bers state the maximum through
current rating of the bushing. The
letter designates the current path
option, F for fixed conductor or H
for draw lead. The numbers desig-
nate the through current for the
bushing x100. (Example 015 =
1,500 amperes) Style Code 2 lists
the available current ratings by cur-
rent path.
The next set of two numbers state
the CT pocket length. The last
grounded foil layer of the bushings
active apart determines the CT
pocket length. Style Code 3 lists
the available CT pocket lengths by
voltage class.
The next letter code states the
mounting flange configuration. The
IEEE/ANSI Standards dictate the
mounting flange configuration for
most bushings, however, there are
a number of exceptions that must
be considered when applying bush-
ings. The table for Style Code 4 will
provide the specific letter code
designation for each available
mounting flange configuration by
bushing style.
The next letter code states the out-
door insulator material and color.
There are 3 options available for
the outdoor insulator and are listed
in the table for Style Code 5.
The next letter code states the out-
door insulators minimum creep
distance in accordance with the
four contamination levels listed in
the IEEE Guide for Application of
Power Apparatus Bushings, C57.19.
100-1995.
The next two numbers are a Trench
factory code designation that is
used by Trench to determine a
specific bushing's compatibility with
other bushings within the same
style number.
Options
The last four letters are the Option
Codes. The option codes are the
accessories that are added to a
basic bushing to suit the specific
requirement or application. These
option codes will not appear on
the bushing nameplate but will
appear on the bushing outline
drawing and the specific outline
drawing number will appear on
the bushing nameplate. There are
presently 4 sets of options avail-
able for Trench COTA bushings
When Code Z appears it indicates
something special is required. If a
specific requirement is not covered
by the above codes the letter Z can
be used in the option code. The
required special option or accessory
must be fully detailed and reviewed
by Trench before an order is
accepted. If a Z option code does
not appear in a specific option code
table there can not be a special
requirement for the option or ac-
cessory.
If a bushing is ordered with or with-
out a draw lead terminal or draw
lead adapter the option codes will
not appear on the outline drawing.
These option codes will appear on
the order acknowledgement if order
with the bushing.
Example
COTA 900-H016-26-AG3-01
9
Style Code 1, Basic insulation level
Code Description
150 25.0 kV Bushing, 150 kV BIL
200 34.5 kV Bushing, 200 kV BIL
250 46.0 kV Bushing, 250 kV BIL
350 69.0 kV Bushing, 350 kV BIL
550 115.0 kV Bushing, 550 kV BIL
650 138.0 kV Bushing, 650 kV BIL
750 161.0 kV Bushing, 750 kV BIL
900 230.0 kV Bushing, 900 kV BIL
Style Code 2, Maximum current rating
Code Description Available on
H014 1,400 A COTA 250...750
H015 1,500 A COTA 150...200
H016 1,600 A COTA 900
HO20 2,000 A COTA 250...350
H030 3,000 A COTA 150...200
F020 2,000 A COTA 550...900
F023 2,350 A COTA 200
F027 2,700 A COTA 150
FO30 3,000 A COTA 550...900
Style Code 3, CT pocket length
Code Description
10 10 Inch CT pocket, through 34.5 kV
16 16.5 Inch CT pocket, through 69 kV
21 21 Inch CT pocket, through 69 kV
23 23 Inch CT pocket, through 230 kV
26 26.75 Inch CT pocket, 230 kV
Style Code 4, flange configuration
kV COTA
Code Class Bushing Flange
A 25 150-H015 71/4 4 Hole
A 25 150-F027 71/4 4 Hole
A 34.5 200-H015 71/4 4 Hole
A 34.5 200-F023 71/4 4 Hole
B 34.5 200-H030 71/4 4 Hole
C 34.5 200-H030 81/4 4 Hole
D 34.5 200-H030 91/4 6 Hole
A 46 250-H014 81/4 4 Hole
A 69 350-H014 91/4 6 Hole
A 69 350-F030 101/4 6 Hole
A 115 550-H014 131/4 6 Hole
A 115 550-F030 131/4 6 Hole
A 138 650-H014 141/4 6 Hole
A 138 650-F030 141/4 6 Hole
A 161 750-H014 151/4 8 Hole
A 230 900-H016 21 12 Hole
A 230 900-F030 21 12 Hole
A 230 900-F050 21 12 Hole
Style Code 5, outdoor insulator
Code Description
G #70 gray porcelain
B brown porcelain
C #70 gray composite insulator
Style code 6, min insulator creep distance
Code Description
1 28mm/kV (optional)
2 35mm/kV (optional)
3 44mm/kV (standard)
4 54mm/kV (optional)
Option code 8, top terminal plating
Code Description
A Silver plated
T Tin plated
N no plating
Option code 9 draw lead connection when
option code 10 = R, crimp type terminal
Code Description Cable size mm
2
H ID = 0.433" 1/0 50
J ID = 0.500" 2/0 70
K ID = 0.625" 4/0 95
L ID = 0.720" 300 KCMIL 150
N ID = 0.830" 400 KCMIL 185
Z SPECIAL
Option code 9, draw lead connection when
option code 10 = W, braze type terminal
Code Description
M 0.315" pilot hole
P Spade
Z Special size
Option code 9, bottom connection when
option code 10 = T, special threads
Code Description
X 11/2" - 12 UNF threads
K 2" - 12 UNF threads
L 3" - 12 UNF threads
Z Special plate
Option code 9, bottom connection when
option code 10 = P, plate
Code Description
D ANSI FIG. 2
E ANSI FIG. 3
F ANSI FIG, 4
Z Special
Option code 9, bottom connection when
option code 10 = S, spade
Code Description
Y 2 Hole spade
X 4 Hole spade
Z Special spade
Option code 10
Code Description
P Bottom terminal is a plate
R Crimp type draw lead terminal
S Bottom terminal is a spade
T Bottom terminal is a threaded stud
W Braze type draw lead terminal
Z Special
Option code 11 and 12 (Assigned by Trench)
Minimum distance
COTA 150 ... COTA 900
Recommendations for
COTA 550 ... COTA 900
R min.
(mm) (inch)
COTA 150 65 2.56
COTA 200 75 2.95
COTA 250 85 3.35
COTA 350 120 4.72
COTA 550 145 5.71
COTA 650 180 7.09
COTA 750 225 8.86
COTA 900 270 10.63
Oil conditions
Oil mineral
Water < 15 ppm
Particles max. 39'630 each US gal.
size 59 to 2362 inch
Oil strength >70 kV per 0.1 inch
(degassed)
Minimum Distance to
Grounded Parts
Recommendations for
Insulated Draw Lead Application
10
Epoxy insulator
End-shielding
Dimensions see
outline drawing
Cable insulation
Cable
COTA Technical Specification Sheets
Type COTA COTA COTA COTA
Style Number 150-H015-21-AG2-01 150-F027-21-AG2-01 200-H015-21-AG3-01 200-F023-21-AG3-01
Drawing Number 025D001A 025F002A 035D001A 035F001A
Current Path (copper) draw lead fixed draw lead fixed
Insulation Class (kV) 25 25 34.5 34.5
Max. Line to Ground Voltage (kV) 16 16 22 22
BIL (kV) 150 150 200 200
Max. Current Rating (A) 1'500 2'700 1'500 2'350
CT Pocket Length (inches) 21 21 21 21
Min. Creep Distance (inches) 21 21 34.5 34.5
Min. Arcing Distance (inches) 9.25 9.25 13.4 13.4
Withstand 60 Hz
60 s dry (kV) 60 60 80 80
10 s wet (kV) 50 50 75 75
Mounting vertical vert./horiz. vertical vert./hori.
Max. Altitude (feet) 10'000 10'000 10'000 10'000
Color of Porcelain gray gray gray gray
Approximate Weight (lbs) 40 90 66 93
Type COTA COTA COTA COTA
Style Number 200-H030-21-CG3-01 250-H014-21-AG3-01 350-H014-21-AG3-01 550-H014-23-AG3-03
Drawing Number 035S004A 046D001A 069D002A 115D002A
Current Path (copper) draw lead draw lead draw lead draw lead
Insulation Class (kV) 34.5 46 69 115
Max. Line to Ground Voltage (kV) 22 29 44 88
BIL (kV) 200 250 350 550
Max. Current Rating (A) 3'000 1'400 1'400 1'430
CT Pocket Length (inches) 21 21 21 23
Min. Creep Distance (inches) 34.5 46 69 115
Min. Arcing Distance (inches) 13.4 18 27 42.1
Withstand 60 Hz
60 s dry (kV) 80 105 160 260
10 s wet (kV) 75 95 140 230
Mounting vertical vertical vertical vertical
Max. Altitude (feet) 10'000 10'000 10'000 10'000
Color of Porcelain gray gray gray gray
Approximate Weight (lbs) 128 84 110 270
Type COTA COTA COTA COTA
Style Number 650-H014-23-AG3-01 750-H014-23-AG3-01 900-H016-26-AG3-01 900-H016-23-AG3-01
Drawing Number 138D002A 161D001A 230D001A 230D003A
Current Path (copper) draw lead draw lead draw lead draw lead
Insulation Class (kV) 138 161 230 230
Max. Line to Ground Voltage (kV) 102 146 146 146
BIL (kV) 650 750 900 900
Max. Current Rating (A) 1'430 1'430 1'660 1'660
CT Pocket Length (inches) 23 23 26.75 23
Min. Creep Distance (inches) 138 161 230 230
Min. Arcing Distance (inches) 50 59 84.7 84.7
Withstand 60 Hz
60 s dry (kV) 310 365 425 425
10 s wet (kV) 275 315 350 350
Mounting vertical vertical vertical vertical
Max. Altitude (feet) 10'000 10'000 10'000 10'000
Color of Porcelain gray gray gray gray
Approximate Weight (lbs) 315 360 660 630
11
12
Subject to change without notice
04.2000
E 322.73
Trench Austria GmbH
Paschinger Strasse 49, Postfach 13
A-4060 Linz-Leonding/Austria
Phone +43.732.6793-0
Fax +43.732.671341
E-Mail sales@TrenchAustria.at
Trench Brasil LTDA
Via Expressa de Contagem, 2685
CEP: 32370-485
Cpmtagem, MG - Brasil
Phone 55. 31. 391-5959
Fax 55. 31. 391-1828
E-Mail
trenchbrasil@ca.trenchgroup.com
Trench Limited
Coil Product Division
71 Maybrook Drive, Scarborough
Ontario, Canada M1V 4B6
Phone (416) 298-8108
Fax (416) 298-2209
E-Mail sales@ca.trenchgroup.com
Trench Limited
Instrument Transformer Division
390 Midwest Road, Scarborough
Ontario, Canada M1P 3B5
Phone (416) 751-8570
Fax (416) 751-6952
E-Mail sales@ca.trenchgroup.com
Trench France S.A.
16, rue du Gnral Cassagnou
B.P. 70
F- 68302 St-Louis Cedex/France
Phone +33.3.89 70 23 23
Fax +33.3.89 67 26 63
E-Mail sales@trench-france.com
Trench Germany GmbH
Nrnberger Strasse 199
96050 Bamberg/Germany
Phone +49.951.1803-0
Fax +49.951.1803-224
E-Mail sales@trench.de
Trench Switzerland AG
Lehenmattstrasse 353
CH- 4028 Basel/Switzerland
Phone +41.61.315 5111
Fax +41.61.315 59 00
E-Mail sales@trench.ch