Code: 9A23702

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(Biotechnology) Max. Marks: 70 Answer any FIVE questions All questions carry equal marks

B.Tech IV Year I Semester (R09) Regular & Supplementary Examinations December/January 2013/14

PROCESS EQUIPMENT DESIGN IN BIOTECHNOLOGY

Time: 3 hours

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***** Describe in detail the procedure to design a shell and tube heat exchanger using Bells method. Derive an expression for log mean temperature difference (LMTD). Discuss the application of parallel and series double pipe heat exchangers. Crude dichlorobenzene is pumped from a storage tank to a distillation column. The tank is blanketed with nitrogen and pressure above the liquid surface is held constant at 1.1 bar pressure. The minimum depth of liquid in the tank is 1 m. The distillation column operates at a pressure of 500 mm Hg. The feed point to the column is 12 m above the base of the tank. The tank and column are connected by a 50 mm internal diameter commercial steel pipe, 200 m long. The pipe run from the tank to the column contains the following valves and fittings: 20 standard elbows, two gate valves to isolate the pump (operated fully open). If the maximum radius flow rate required is 20000 kg/h, calculate the pump motor (power) needed. Take the pump , viscosity 0.0014 N-sec/ efficiency as 70%. Density of dichlorobenzene is 1300 A solution containing 10% solids is to be concentrated to a level of 50% solids. Steam is available at a pressure of 0.20 MPa [saturation temperature of 393 K ( )]. Feed rate to the evaporator is 30000 kg/h. The evaporator is working at reduced pressure such that boiling point ). The overall heat transfer coefficient is 2.9 kW/(m2K). Estimate steam economy is 323 K ( and heat transfer surface area for: Feed introduced at 293 K ( ) Feed introduced at 308 K ( ) Data: Specific heat of feed Latent heat of condensation of steam at Latent heat of vaporization of water at 323 K (i.e. at pressure in the vapor space) With the help of a neat sketch describe the working of a rotary louvre drum dryer. State the applications and limitations. Calculate the pressure drop in a packed tower. Discuss effect of different packings. Describe in detail the working of a tray column with illustrations. Differentiate batch and continuous reactor. Derive the design equation for a batch reactor from first principles for a 25% inert. *****

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Code: 9A23702

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(Biotechnology) Max. Marks: 70 Answer any FIVE questions All questions carry equal marks

B.Tech IV Year I Semester (R09) Regular & Supplementary Examinations December/January 2013/14

PROCESS EQUIPMENT DESIGN IN BIOTECHNOLOGY

Time: 3 hours

***** Calculate the number of tubes, shell diameter, overall heat transfer coefficient and pressure drop by using kern method. The heat exchanger is used to sub cool condensate from a methanol to The flow rate of methanol is brackish water is used condenser from to The properties of the fluids at mean to cool the fluid with a temperature raise from temperature are given below: Fluid ) ) Methanol 2.84 0.34 0.19 750 Water 4.2 0.8 0.59 995 For tubes use copper nickel metal 20 mm OD, 16 mm ID and 5 m long with thermal conductivity of Elaborate on the design consideration for a counter current double pipe heat exchanger. Crude dichlorobenzene is pumped from a storage tank to a distillation column. The tank is blanketed with nitrogen and pressure above the liquid surface is held constant at 1.1 bar pressure. The minimum depth of liquid in the tank is 1 m. The distillation column operates at a pressure of 500 mm Hg. The feed point to the column is 12 m above the base of the tank. The tank and column are connected by a 50 mm internal diameter commercial steel pipe, 200 m long. The pipe run from the tank to the column contains the following valves and fittings: 20 standard radius elbows, two gate valves to isolate the pump (operated fully open). If the maximum flow rate required is 20000 kg/h, calculate the pump motor (power) needed. Take the pump viscosity 0.0014 N-sec/ efficiency as 70%. Density of dichlorobenzene is 1300 Briefly explain the following: (i) Agitated film type evaporators (ii) Basket type evaporators

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(iii) Forced circulation type evaporators (iv) Multiple effect evaporators

Differentiate adiabatic driers and non-adiabatic driers with suitable examples. Explain the operation of a spray dryer and tray dryer with neat sketch. Derive the expression for calculating the number of theoretical stages for a packed tower. What is the effect of pressure drop in the tower? Discuss the limitations of different types of tray used for vapor liquid contact and their effect on overall distillation operation. Derive the design equation for an ideal PFR. Compare the performance of CSTR and PFR for any reaction. *****

Code: 9A23702

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(Biotechnology) Max. Marks: 70 Answer any FIVE questions All questions carry equal marks *****

B.Tech IV Year I Semester (R09) Regular & Supplementary Examinations December/January 2013/14

PROCESS EQUIPMENT DESIGN IN BIOTECHNOLOGY

Time: 3 hours

With a neat sketch, explain the construction, working and application of a 1-2 shell and tube heat exchanger. Define effectiveness of heat exchanger. Develop an equation to determine the number of transfer units (NTU) in a simple double pipe heat exchanger for parallel flow mechanism. Describe pipe selection for a biological operation. Estimate the optimum pipe diameter for a flow of HCl of 7000 kg/h at 5 bar, stainless steel pipe. Molar volume 22.4 at 1 bar, A dilute solution containing 10% solids is to be concentrated to 50% of solids at the rate of 10000 kg/h saturated steam at 205 absolute pressure is available at feed Design the evaporator as a single effect evaporator. Overall HT solution is available at for single effect evaporator at 13.3 Heat capacity of solution coefficient is 1100 is 4180 Boiling point elevation may be neglected. Third evaporator is operated under vacuum 13.3 Boiling point of water at Boiling point of water at Latent heat of vaporization at Latent heat of vaporization at Discuss the design procedure for rotary dryer. Give an account of different types of packing for a packed tower. Effectiveness of regular or random packing. With the help of sieve plate performance diagram elaborate on plate hydraulic design of a separation column. (a) For a gas phase reaction , find the fractional volume change at full conversion and 50% conversion, starting with 50% inert. (b) Derive the design equation for ideal PFR with constant volume.

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Code: 9A23702

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(Biotechnology) Max. Marks: 70 Answer any FIVE questions All questions carry equal marks *****

B.Tech IV Year I Semester (R09) Regular & Supplementary Examinations December/January 2013/14

PROCESS EQUIPMENT DESIGN IN BIOTECHNOLOGY

Time: 3 hours

In a refrigerating plant, water is cooled from to by brine solution entering at and The design heat load is 5500 W and the overall heat transfer co-efficient is leaving at 800 What area is required when using a shell and tube heat exchanger with the water making one shell pass and the brine making two tube passes. Given: Hot fluid water, Cold fluid brine solution ( Entry temperature of water, Exit temperature of water, Entry temperature of brine solution, Exit temperature of brine solution, Heat load, Overall heat transfer co-efficient, In a double pipe heat exchanger, hot fluid with a specific heat of enters at and leaves at Cold fluid enters at and leaves at Calculate the heat exchanger area required for: (i) Counter flow (ii) Parallel flow Take overall heat transfer coefficient as and mass flow rate of hot fluid is What are the types of pumps used in an industry? Explain the working of a centrifugal pump with a neat diagram and characteristic curves. What is boiling point elevation? Give the broad classification of evaporators and describe the working of any two types. With a neat sketch, explain the construction, working and application of a rotary drum dryer. Differentiate the Cornells and Ondas method of designing a packed absorption column. Give account on the design procedure for hydraulic parameters with appropriate sketch for the sieve tray distillation column. (a) For a gas phase reaction find the fractional volume change at full conversion and 50% conversion, starting with 25% inert. (b) Derive the design equation for ideal CSTR with constant volume.

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