UMTS RNP Fundamentals

Do not delete this graphic elements in here:
UMTS RNP (Radio Net or! Planning" #undamentals $%&' $A()

&%*+,(-) .ssue /
STUDENT GUIDE
All Rights Reserved Alcatel-Lucent @@YEAR
0ourse o12ectives
Switch to notes view!
0ourse o12ectives 3cont45

'el6-assessment o6 o12ectives
At
the end o6 each section 7ou ill 1e as!ed to 6ill this 8uestionnaire Please9 return this sheet to the trainer at the end o6 the training Switch to notes view! Do not delete this graphic elements in here:
'el6-assessment o6 o12ectives 3cont45

RNP (Radio Net or! Planning" #undamentals $&RAN $A)

&%*+,(-) Edition (/
*12ectives
=7 the end o6 the course9 participants ill 1e a1le to: > Descri1e 1rie6l7 the structure o6 an RNP tool and the steps o6 an RNP process? > Descri1e the $%&' RNP inputs in regard to 6re8uenc7 spectrum9 tra66ic parameters9 e8uipment parameters and RNP re8uirements? > 0alculate the cell range 6or a given service 17 doing a manual lin! 1udget in $plin!? have the theoretical 1ac!ground to create an initial net or! design using an RNP tool (the RNP tool is onl7 used 17 the trainer 6or demonstration"? > De6ine 1asic radio net or! parameters (neigh1orhood and code planning"? > Discuss 1rie6l7 optimi@ation possi1ilities in terms o6 capacit7 and coverage? > Descri1e 1rie6l7 the inter6erence mechanisms due to $%&'AB'% colocation and the solutions 6or antenna s7stems4
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Part / < RNP $A) < #undamentals
All Rights Reserved Alcatel-Lucent :((;
*12ectives 3cont45
/ < / < 16
/ $%&' .ntroduction
/ < / < 19
/ $%&' .ntroduction
/4/ 'ession presentation

*12ective:
to get the necessar7 1ac!ground in6ormation in regards o6 $%&' 1asics and RNP principles 6or a good start in $%&' Radio Net or! Planning4
Prere8uisites:
B'% Radio Net or! Engineering #undamentals .ntroduction to $%&'
/ < / < 20
/4/4/ $%&' net or! architecture

Entities and inter6aces
Uu (air)
Iu Node B Iu" NC NS Iur Node B &L IP networks Node B Iu'CS MSC#$L %MSC PLMN, PSTN, ISDN, ...
USIM Cu ME
Iu" Node B
NC NS UT !N Iu'PS
S%SN
%%SN
UE
CN
External Networks
User Equipme nt
/ < / < 21
UMTS Radio Access Network
Core Network
/4/4/ $%&' net or! architecture 3cont45

Alcatel-Lucent CN%' architecture
WNMS
Main ser(er
LAN
It)B
Per)or*an+e ser(er
Node B Node B NC ,-.. NS
It) C-N%' consists o6: / Main Server: this 'un server is responsi1le 6or con6iguration and 6ault management4 / Performance Server: this 'un server is responsi1le 6or collection9 mediation and post-processing o6 counters and call trace data4 Clien !: Cindo s P0s and A or 'un or!stations are used to run client applications4
Node B Iu" Node B NC ,-.. NS UT !N

/ < / < 22
/4/4: DBPP: the $%&' standardi@ation 1od7
%em1ers: E&'. (Europe" &/ ($'A"

Access Net or! 0ore Net or!

AR.=A&&0 (Eapan" &&A ('outh Forea"
0C&' (0hina"
$%&' s7stem speci6ications:

C0D%A ($&RAN #DD" &D-0D%A ($&RAN &DD"
Evolved B'% All-.P Note: DBPP has also ta!en over the B'% recommendations (previousl7
ritten 17 E&'."
Releases de6ined 6or the $%&' s7stem speci6ications:

Release ;; (sometimes called Release D" Release , Release + (former Release 2000)
In #e follo$in% ma erial $e $ill onl& deal $i # UMTS 'DD
/ < / < 2"

/4/4D DBPP $%&' speci6ications
DBPP $%&' speci6ications are classi6ied in /+ series (num1ered 6rom :/ to D)"9 e4g4 the serie :+ deals ith $&RAN aspects4 Note: See 3GPP 21.101 for more details about the numbering scheme and an overview about all UM S series and s!ecifications.
.nteresting speci6ications 6or $%&' Radio Net or! Planning:

G$E Radio transmission and Reception (#DD"G G$&RA (='" #DD? Radio transmission and ReceptionH GRe8uirements 6or support o6 radio resource management (#DD"G
DBPP &' :+4/(/: DBPP &' :+4/(,: DBPP &' :+4/DD: DBPP &' :+4/,/: DBPP &' :+4:/,: DBPP &' :+4:/+: DBPP &' :+4;,::
de n G=ase 'tation (='" con6ormance testing (#DD" du n ou GPh7sical la7er procedures (#DD"G4 !e n ca or# s GPh7sical la7er - %easurements (#DD"I on #pp" i t ica w"3 GR# s7stem scenariosG4 i c ww pe s PP G 3
/ < / < 2(
/4/4, Alcatel-LucentJs release overvie
U, 05 "GPP -5
Re%ease & 3GPP R&
$A (DBPP R)"
$A () DBPP R)
Re%ease & 3GPP R&
Near Nearcommercial commercial
)2
Marc$
)2
Marc$
200*
200+
>GBGB- on on .SDP, .SDP, >.SDP, .SDP, v!1 v!1 DC. DC. )oS )oS >E3DC. 2m! E3DC. 2m! TTI TTI >9"*0 9"*0 -NC -NC 7>2 7>2 ca08 ca08
2009 .SDP, .SDP, 21 21 M/0! M/0!

.SUP, .SUP, 51* 51* M/2! M/2! ,M-3Narro$B4 ,M-3Narro$B4 ,M,M- lo$ lo$ ra ra e4 e4 ,M-35ideBand ,M-35ideBand '6ll '6ll IP IP ran!0or ran!0or in in erface! erface! S S reamin% reamin% over over .SDP, .SDP, '6ll Mo/ili & 72G4 '6ll Mo/ili & 72G4 "G4 "G4 .SP,8 .SP,8 D9 D9 21 21 M/2! M/2! 76(),M8 76(),M8 7:8 7:8
> > D9 D9 (2 (2 M/0! M/0! 7MIM;8 7MIM;8 > > D9 D9 (2 (2 M/0! M/0! 7DC3.SP,8 7DC3.SP,8 > > <oIP <oIP !ervice! !ervice! > > "G "G 3 3 9TE 9TE mo/ili mo/ili
K'LPA M .%' (.P %ultimedia 'u1s7stem "
& & > > S;N S;N = = Geo3loca Geo3loca ion ion info info > >S S reamin% reamin% over over .SUP, .SUP, > > ,c ,c ive ive ,n ,n enna enna
/ < / < 25
/4/4+ $%&' main radio mechanisms

'ectorA0ellA0arrier in $%&'
'ector and cell are not e8uivalent an7more in $%&': A sector consists o6 one or several cells A cell consists o6 one 6re8uenc7 (or carrier"
Note: a given 6re8uenc7 (carrier" can 1e reused in each sector o6 each Node= in the net or! (6re8uenc7 reuseN/"
/ < / < 26
/4/4+ $%&' main radio mechanisms 3cont45

0D%A (called C-0D%A 6or $%&' #DD" as access method on the air
a given carrier can 1e reused in each cell (6re8uenc7 reuseN/"no #D%A all active users can transmitAreceive at the same timeno &D%A As a conse8uence9 there are inside one 6re8uenc7:
ELtra-cell inter6erence: cell separation is achieved 17 codes (0D%A" .ntra-cell inter6erence: user separation is achieved 17 codes (0D%A"
%ultiple 6re8uencies (carriers"

6irst step o6 $%&' deplo7ment: a single 6re8uenc7 (e4g4 6re8uenc7 /" is used 6or the hole net or! o6 an operator second step o6 $%&' deplo7ment: additional 6re8uencies can 1e used to enhance the capacit7 o6 the net or!: an additional 6re8uenc7 (e4g 6re8uenc7 :" or!s as an overlap on the 6irst 6re8uenc74
'requenc( *
'requenc( )
/ < / < 2*
Part / < RNP $A) < #undamentals All Rights Reserved Alcatel-Lucent :((;

0hanneli@ation and scram1ling codes ($L side"
.it rateA 3"/0 Mc$ips1s
P$(sica% c$anne%s
UE
3"/0 Mc$ips1s
cch1
.it rate.
3"/0 Mc$ips1s
cch 2
.it rateC
3"/0 Mc$ips1s
cscrambling
Modulat or
air interface
$ $ $
cch 3
Scram!%in# codes long codes (more than 1 million available) fi ed length (no spreading) 1 uni!ue code per "# assigned by the RNC at connection setup
C$anne%i+ation codes ,spreadin# codesshort codes (limited number, but they can be reused with another scrambling code) code length chosen according to the bit rate of the physical channel (spreading factor) assigned by the RNC at connection setup
/ < / < 2+

0hanneli@ation and scram1ling codes (DL side"
.it rateA 3"/0 Mc$ips1s
P$(sica% c$anne%s
cch1
.it rate.
Node. sector
Modulat air interface or
3"/0 Mc$ips1s
3"/0 Mc$ips1s
cch 2
.it rateC
3"/0 Mc$ips1s
cscrambling
$ $ $
cch 3
C$anne%i+ation codes ,spreadin# codessame remar%s as for "& side Note' the restricted number of channeli(ation codes is more problematic in )&, because they must be shared between all "#s in the Node* sector$
/ < / < 29
Scram!%in# codes long codes (more than 1 million available, but restricted to +12 (primary) codes to limit the time for code research during cell selection by the "#) fi ed length (no spreading) 1(primary) code per Node* sector defined by a code p%annin#' 2 ad,acent sectors shall have different codes Note' it is also possible to define secondary scrambling codes, but it is seldom used$
Ph7sical channels
Ph7sical channels are de6ined mainl7 17:
a speci6ic 6re8uenc7 (carrier" a com1ination channeli@ation code A scram1ling code
used to separate the ph7sical channels (: ph7sical channels must N*& have the same com1ination channeli@ation code A scram1ling code" ph7sical channels are sent continuousl7 on the air inter6ace 1et een start and stop instants
start and stop instants
ELamples in $L:
DPDC.: dedicated to a $E9 used to carr7 tra66ic and signalling 1et een $E and RN0 such as radio measurement report9 handover command DPCC.: dedicated to a $E9 used to carr7 signalling 1et een $E and Node= such as 6ast po er control commands
ELamples in DL:
DPC.: dedicated to a $E 9 same 6unctions as $L DPD0K and $L DP00K P3CCPC.: common channel sent permanentl7 in each cell to provide s7stem- and cell-speci6ic in6ormation9 e4g4 LA. (similar to the time slot ( used 6or =00K in B'%" CPIC.: see neLt slide
/ < / < "0


CPIC. 7or Pilo c#annel8
DL common channel sent permanentl7 in each cell to provide?
srambling code of "ode# sector: the $E can 6ind out the DL scram1ling code o6 the cell through s7m1ol-17-s7m1ol correlation over the 0P.0K (used during cell selection" !ower reference: used to per6orm measurements 6or handover and cell selectionAreselection (6unction per6ormed 17 time slot ( used 6or =00K in B'%" time and !hase reference: used to aid channel estimation in reception at the $E side
-he C./C0 contains' a pre1defined symbol se!uence (the same for each cell of all "2-3 networ%s) scrambled with the Node* sector scrambling code at a fi ed and low bit rate (3preading 4actor52+6)' to ma%e easier .ilot detection by "#
/ < / < "1
Pre-defined symbol sequence Tslot = 2560 chi s ! 20 bits = 10 symbols
Slot #0
Slot #1
Slot #i 1 r"dio fr"me# Tf = 10 ms
Slot #14

9:.. Channel mapping in 03).7 (2own%ink)
Lo#ica% C$anne%s
)-C0 C-C0 )CC0 CCC0 .CC0 *CC0
Transport C$anne%s
)C0 47C0 .C0 *C0
P$(sica% C$anne%s
).)C0 8 ).CC0 31CC.C0 .1CC.C0
$P$%& "nd $P%%& multi le'ed by time
Not associated wit$ transport c$anne%s

/ < / < "2
7/C0
./C0
C./C0
.13C0
313C0

9:.. Channel mapping in 03).7 (Up%ink)
Lo#ica% C$anne%s
)-C0 )CC0 CCC0
Transport C$anne%s
)C01
)C0 2
R7C0
CC-rC0
P$(sica% C$anne%s
).)C0 8 ).CC0 .R7C0
$P$%& "nd $P%%& multi le'ed by modul"tion
Note' /n #volium R+, )CC0 is not mapped on 031)3C0
/ < / < ""


# ample of Code -ree 7llocation
> '#K'DPA /- N /- chips (6iLed" > $p to /+ codes to K'DPA transmission are mapped4
'or DC. ? alloca ion of code! /& !i%nallin% 7--C2NB,P8 7c#an%e 0o!!i/le /6 0roced6re i! aro6nd 1! 8
S(=1 S(=2 S(=4 S(=) S(=16

Code used !( one R566 UE on 2C7 requirin# $i#$ data rate
C)&34
Codes reser8ed or R566 UE on 2C7
.ranc$ used to map Common c$anne%s
N=AP - Node = Application Part RR0 - Radio Resource 0ontrol

/ < / < "(

Po er control
Near-#ar Pro1lem: on the uplin! a7 an overpo ered mo1ile phone near the 1ase station (e4g4 $E/" can 2am an7 other mo1ile phones 6ar 6rom the 1ase station (e4g4 $E:"4
UE) Node B UE *
an e66icient and 6ast po er control is necessar7 in $L to avoid near-6ar e66ect po er control is also used in DL to reduce inter6erence and conse8uentl7 to increase the s7stem capacit7
Po er control mechanisms
(see AppendiL 6or more details":
o!en loo! ( ithout 6eed1ac! in6ormation" 6or common ph7sical channels closed loo! ( ith 6eed1ac! in6ormation" 6or dedicated ph7sical channels (/+(( K@ command rate9 also called fa! 0o$er con rol"
/ < / < "5


3oft;softer 0andover (0<) = a "# is in soft handover state if there are two (or more) radio lin%s between this "# and the "-R7N = it is a fundamental "2-3 mechanism (necessary to avoid near1far effect) = only possible intra1fre!uency, ie between cells with the same fre!uency =Note' hard handover is provided if soft;er handover is not possible = 7 so ter handover is a soft handover between different sectors of the same Node * / < / < "6
RNC Node *
Node *
UE
So t $ando8er (different sectors of different Node*s)

RNC Node *
UE
So ter $ando8er (different sectors of the same Node*)

Active 'et (A'" and %acro Diversit7 Bain
All cells9 hich are involved in so6tAso6ter handover 6or a given $E 1elong to the $E Active 'et (A'":
usual situation: a1out D(O o6 $E ith at least : cells in their A'4 up to ,(M:" cells in A' 6or a given $E
&he di66erent propagation paths in DL and $L lead to a diversit7 gain9 called J%acro Diversit7P gain:
$L

one ph7sical signal sent 17 one $E and received 17 t o di66erent cells so6t handover: selection on 6rame 1asis (each /(ms" in RN0 so6ter handover: %aLimum Ratio 0om1ining(%R0" in Node= t o ph7sical signals ( ith the same content" sent 17 t o di66erent cells and received 17 one $E so6tAso6ter handover: %R0 in $E
DL

/ < / < "*

/ $%&' .ntroduction
/4: K'QPA overvie

&his section ill ta!e a loo! at the main concepts o6 K'DPA and K'$PA4
/ < / < "+

/4: K'QPA overvie
/4:4/ K'DPA
K'DPA: Kigh 'peed Do nlin! Pac!et Access Part o6 DBPP Release + (R+" and later releases
Purpose: Enhance DB %o1ile s7stems 17 o66ering higher data rates in the Do nlin! Direction

Direct evolution o6 DBPP RP;; net or!s ($%&'"
To further extend your UMTS network performances
/ < / < "9

/4: K'QPA overvie
/4:4: Ne
ph7sical channels
.S3P#&!ical Do$nlin@ S#ared C.annel (K'-PD'0K" Do nlin!
K' data channel (=it rate R /( %1ps" up to /+ K'-PD'0Ks '# N /-
"ser data on the 031.)3C0 ()&) ? 3ignalling on the 0313CC0 ()&)
.S3S#ared Con rol C.annel (K'-'00K" Do nlin!
transmits 6ormat parameters (channeli@ation code9 modulation9 &=' si@e" K-ARS in6o (process9 ne data9 redundanc7 version" up to , K'-'00K per $E $E identi6ication '# N /:T K-ARS (ac!Anac!" 0hannel Sualit7 .n6ormation (0S." '# N :+-
.S3Dedica ed P#&!ical Con rol C.annel (K'-DP00K" $plin!

Channel >uality 4eedbac% on the 031).CC0 ("&)
/ < / < (0
/4: K'QPA overvie
/4:4D K'DPA: Fe7 6eatures
'ast Sc$edu%in#
in t$e Node;.
Adapti8e Modu%ation 9Codin#
AMC
7S2PA 7AR:
'or 'ast retransmissions
Kigh 'peed Do nlin! Pac!et Access

/ < / < (1
K71rid-Automatic Repeat Re8uest
/4: K'QPA overvie
/4:4D K'DPA: Fe7 6eatures 3cont45

Throughput vs. C/( !N" #$eh%cu&ar ' () km/h*
Throughput #+,ps*
Adapti8e Modu%ation and Codin#

K'-PD'0K
9+00 >.3@A1AB2C 9000 2+00 2000 1+00 1000 +00 0 120 >.3@A2A1C90 >.3@A9A21+D >.3@A+A9690 >.3@A10AB16E >.3@A1+A10E21 16>72A1A1C90 16>72A2A2EB6 16>72A+AB16E 16>72A1+A21B+C #nvelope
uses ada0 ive
mod6la ion (SP'F or /- SA%" codin% (&ur1o 0oding"

&he
11+
110
1+ C/( !N" #dB*
10
&ur1o encoder has 6iLed code rate o6 /AD Po er 0ontrol and varia1le '#
Uaria1le e66ective code rates are achieved 17 rate matching (puncturing or repetition"
Replaces
Kigher d7namic %ore e66icient 6or users close to Node-=
/ < / < (2
/4: K'QPA overvie
'ast Sc$edu%in#
in t$e Node;.
'a!
Sc#ed6lin% in the &ime domain (/":
&ransmission &ime .nterval (&&." o6 :ms assigned to users the length o6 K'-D'0K su1-6rame (&&." is D slots ()-T( chips"
$"t" /d"t"1 bits Tslot = 2560 chi s! *+10+2 bits -,=4.
,
Slot #0
Slot#1 1 &S-P$S%& subfr"me# T f = 2 ms
Slot #2
/ < / < ("

/4: K'QPA overvie
'ast Sc$edu%in#
in t$e Node;.
'a!
Sc#ed6lin% in the &ime domain (:":
&ransmission is 1ased on:

"ser data on the 031.)3C0 ()&) ? 3ignalling on the 0313CC0 ()&)
0hannel Sualit7 $E 0apa1ilities 0urrent load in the cell (availa1le resources A 1u66er status" &ra66ic Priorit7 classes A So' classes $E #eed1ac! (A0FANA0F"
'a!
Sc#ed6lin% in the code Domain
$p to /+ codes in parallel per &&.
Channel >uality 4eedbac% on the 031).CC0 ("&)
/ < / < ((
/4: K'QPA overvie

Kigh
*rder modulation: /-SA% 0ode %ultipleLing: up to /+ codes in parallel $ser can 1e code and time multipleLed (&&.N :ms"
q1
i1 i2 q2
,.,, ,..,
,.2/,3
i2
..., ..,,
,.,.
,...
..//01
....
..//01
..,.
,.2/,3
,,,.
,,..
.,..
.,,.
q2
,,,,
,,.,
.,.,
.,,,
Codes
--/ 5 2ms
#iLed
'preading #actor9 '#N/-
-R D4T,%cpsA/- N :,( F s7m1olsAs -R @ /-SA% -R :,( L , N ;-( !1ps

User 3
-R @ code rate N DA, -R ):( !1ps

):(
User *
!1ps 1it rate can 1e achieved per code -R /(4T %1ps over /+ codes
User )
-ime and Code multiple ing in 03).7

/ < / < (5
/4: K'QPA overvie

R&C 7C@;N7C@
7AR:
.&/rid3,6 oma ic -e0ea -eA6e!

Retransmission ith so6t com1ining or incremental redundanc7 &erminated in Node-=
.ac%et
&1 7C@;N7C@
.ac%et
Retransmission
Retransmission
RDD )C0;)3C0
R+ 031)3C0
/ < / < (6
/4: K'QPA overvie

%A0-hs
RLC
is a ne
%A0 entit7 6or controlling K'-D'0K

RLC MAC;d
MAC
MAC;$s P7< "u
7S;2SC7 7S;2SC7 'P 'P
7S;2SC7 'P
MAC;$s is %ocated in t$e Node;.
L* L)
L* L) /ub;/ur SRNC
P7< UE
Node;.
#lo 0ontrol to ards .u1 =u66ering o6 pac!et data (%A0-d PD$s" in priorit7 8ueues Pac!et 'cheduling and priorit7 handling (&ime V code domain" K-ARS termination and handling
L/ K-ARS using .ncremental Redundanc7 or 0hase 0om1ining4 &he K-ARS protocol is located in Node-=9 i4e4 there are onl7 retransmissions via .u1 coming 6rom RL0 protocol &#R0 selection including po er control and lin! adaptation
/ < / < (*
/4: K'QPA overvie
/4:4, &erminal categories

K'DPA
ill re8uire ne
protocol stac!
terminals to support:
a ne
ne
/:
modulation V coding
categories have 1een de6ined 17 DBPP 6or C-0D%A A #DD

7S;2SC7 cate#or( ) * 3 0 ? & @ / 6 )4 )) )*
/ < / < (+
Ma=imum num!er Modu%ation Ma=imum o 7S;2SC7 codes supported ,:PS> !it rate recei8ed and1or )&;:AM- ,in M!ps+ + + + + + 10 10 1+ 1+ + + *oth *oth *oth *oth *oth *oth *oth *oth *oth *oth >.3@ only >.3@ only )"* )"* )"/ )"/ 3"& 3"& @"* @"* )4"* )0"0 4"6 )"/
A MAC;$s La(er
Current%( supported !( A%cate%;Lucent products
#DD K'-D'0K ph7sical la7er categories W Rel T

$Es o6 categories :/9 ::9 :D or :, also support dual cell operation ithout simultaneous support o6 %.%*
-S./SCcategory
Category 6 Category 8 Category 9 Category 10 Category 12 Category 13 Category 14 Category 15 Category 16 Max%mum n, N, of -S. Max%mum n, of ,%ts of Supported Supported of -S./SC/SCan -S./SC- transport modu&at%ons modu&at%ons codes transport ,&ock rece%ved w%th%n w%thout M M0 s%mu&taneous rece%ved ,&ock per TT operat%on w%th M M0 a TT 5 1 7298 10 1 14411 15 1 20251 15 1 27952 5 1 3630 15 1 35280 QPSK, 16QAM, 15 1 42192 64QAM 15 2 23370 QPSK, 16QAM 15 2 27952 QPSK, 16QAM, 1 35280 64QAM 15 2 23370 QPSK, 16QAM QPSK, 16QAM, 1 42192 64QAM 15 2 27952 QPSK, 16QAM 15 2 35280 QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM 15 2 42192 23370 15 2 QPSK, 16QAM 15 2 27952 15 2 35280 QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM 15 2 42192
0at :/ $E supports code rates up to (4T:D ith /-SA% Category 18 0at :D $E supports Category 19 code rates up to Category 20 (4T:D ith -,SA% Category 21
Category 22 Category 23 Category 24
/ < / < (9
Category 17
/4: K'QPA overvie
/4:4+ 0S. ta1le

C1 va&ue 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 Transport B&ock S%2e 137 173 233 317 377 461 650 792 931 1262 1483 1742 2279 2583 3319 3319 3319 3319 3319 3319 3319 3319 3319 3319 3319 3319 3319 3319 3319 3319 Max%mum ,%t Num,er of 4eference power rate (k,ps" -S.3/SC- Modu&at%on ad5ustment 68.5 86.5 116.5 158.5 188.5 230.5 325 396 465.5 631 741.5 871 1139.5 1291.5 1659.5 1659.5 1659.5 1659.5 1659.5 1659.5 1659.5 1659.5 1659.5 1659.5 1659.5 1659.5 1659.5 1659.5 1659.5 1659.5 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 3 3 3 4 4 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 QPSK QPSK QPSK QPSK QPSK QPSK QPSK QPSK QPSK QPSK QPSK QPSK QPSK QPSK QPSK QPSK QPSK QPSK QPSK QPSK QPSK QPSK QPSK QPSK QPSK QPSK QPSK QPSK QPSK QPSK 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1 -2 -3 -4 -5 -6 -7 -8 -9 -10 -11 -12 -13 -14 -15
&he
0hannel Sualit7 .ndicator (0S." returned 17 the mo1ile indicates hat transport 6ormat it can support at a given instant ta1le corresponds to mo1iles o6 categories // V /: ta1les eList 6or other $E categories
&his
'imilar
/ < / < 50
/4: K'QPA overvie
/4:4- 'ummar7 o6 K'DPA !e7 1ene6its
Adapted to varia/le3 #ro6%#06 flo$!
Adapted to /6r! & raffic (statistical %ultipleLing 1ene6it"
T#ro6%#06 ! of ? > $p to D4- %1ps ith SP'F > $p to 1( M/0! ith /-SA%
7igh Speed 2ownlin% Pac%et Access

Co! effec ive )6ic@er response time Mi> of .SDP, and dedica ed raffic possi1le on same carrier
/ < / < 51
/ $%&' .ntroduction
/4D K'$PA 1asics
.SUP,: "GPP
.igh Speed Uplin! Pac!et ,ccess
relea!e 6 6eature Also called Enhanced D0K or Enhanced $plin!

Purposes:
Boo! 60lin@ da a 0erformance! in terms o6 higher throughput9 reduced dela7 and higher capacit7 =alance uplin! tra66ic per6ormance ith do nlin! K'DPA %andator7 step 6or Uo.P
/ < / < 52
/4D K'$PA 1asics
/4D4/ Ne
Ph7sical 0hannels
=New "& dedicated transport channel' En$anced dedicated C$anne% (#1)C0) =New "& and )& physical channels for data and signalling
*?&)*/-
7SUPA UE
/ < / < 5"

/4D K'$PA 1asics
/4D4: %A0-e and %A0-es
()CH
(CCH
(CCH
()CH
MAC-&
=New MAC;e and MAC;es entities at "#, Node1* and 3RNC levels
MAC-&
M'C.es M'C.es / M'C.e M'C

M'C.e
PHY
6/C73
)%* )%* )%*
6/C- 73
)%*
PHY
#$
#!
%o&e'
!"
(+%C
!r
S+%C
Request Grant 2ata 7SUP A UE

/ < / < 5(
AC>1NAC>
/4D K'$PA 1asics
/4D4D Fe7 6eatures
)eployed on top of RDD networ%s *y 3oftware upgrade
Sc$edu%in# at Node;.
S$orter TTB )4 or *ms
7SUPA
or ast retransmissions
7AR:
N.C No adapti8e modu%ation in 7SUPA ,.PS> as in 2C7 D :PS> is used w$en S'E0/ < / < 55
/4D K'$PA 1asics
/4D4, K'$PA !e7 6eature: K-ARS

R&C 7C@;N7C@
7;AR:
.&/rid3,6
oma ic -e0ea -eA6e!
.ac%et
&1 7C@;N7C@
Retransmission ith chase com1ining or incremental redundanc7 &erminated in Node-= 'maller dela7 .ac%et Kigher =LER target -R smaller &ransmit Po er and inter6erence -R Kigher capacit7
Retransmission
Retransmission
R66 2C7
R& E;2C7
/ < / < 56
/4D K'$PA 1asics
/4D4+ K'$PA !e7 6eature W 'cheduling
Sc$edu%in#
in t$e Node;.
&9 Resource 7llocation
Sc#ed6lin%
in #e Node3B
)ata transmission
Not an7more handled 17 the RN0 Chenever the $E stops the transmission or reduces the data rate9 the 6ree capacit7 can 1e 8uic!l7 allocated to another $E Algorithm is vendor dependent
3cheduling /nfo
3cheduling 7ssignment
R& E;2C7
/ < / < 5*
/4D K'$PA 1asics
/4D4+ K'$PA !e7 6eature W 'cheduling 3cont45
Sc$edu%in#
in t$e Node;.
RoT 2a imu m UE ) allowable noise UE * rise
UE 3 UE * UE )
'hared resource is the total U0lin@ in erference eg -ise over Thermal Noise9 -oT or inter6erence margin &he Node = controls the allocation o6 this margin
UE 3 UE * UE )
UE )
'elects the 1est &ransport #ormat 0om1ination (&#0" 6or a given $E according to the availa1le inter6erence margin (le6t over RP;;" and schedules the $E
2C7 ser8ices ,e# 8oice and 8isio--/ 0 --/ 1 --/ 2 --/ 9
Time
/ < / < 5+
/4D K'$PA 1asics
/4D4- Net or! elements impacted
Node1* impact' = New 27C1e function = 3cheduling = C#2
RNC impact' = New 27C1es function = 3upport of higher throughputs
/ub impact' =3upport of higher "& throughputs
/ < / < 59
/4D K'$PA 1asics
/4D4) K'$PA $E categories

Mac3e da a ra e!
T$eoretica% peak !it rate up to ?"@& M!ps )"0& M!ps capa!i%it( e=pected initia%%(
/ < / < 60
/4D K'$PA 1asics
/4D4T 'ummar7 o6 K'$PA 1ene6its
Deplo7ed as an overla7 o6 R;; net or!s

R
Be er 6!a%e o6 the resources (inter6erence"
Sof $are 60%rade onl7
$E &hroughputs up to 51+M/0!
U0 o 11(M/0! in a fir! ! e0
D(-)(O increa!e in !&! em ca0aci & +(O increa!e in 6!er pac!et call #ro6%#06
7igh Speed Uplin% Pac%et Access

R
:(-++O red6c ion in end-user pac!et call dela&
Ne services <oIP4 Mo/ile Gamin%4 <ideo Conferencin%X
$L coverage improvement 6or high data 1it rate

/ < / < 61
Ne$ reven6e! 6or operators V 1etter So' 6or users
/ $%&' .ntroduction
/4, $%&' RNP notations and principles
*12ective: to 1e a1le to understand the voca1ular7 and notationsY used in this course in regards o6 $%&' planning
F unfortunately, "2-3 RN. notations are not clearly standardi(ed, so that the meaning of a notation can be !uite different from one reference to another one$
/ < / < 62
/4,4/ Notations
-eceived 0o$er and 0o$er den!i &
Po$er DdBmE
Po$er Den!i & DdBm2.CE
Commen 7Po$er Den!i &BPo$er2B $i # BB"1+(M.C8

Ec N Energ7 per chipN0A=
Nth N !4&( ith !N/4DTE-:(mCAK@AF (=ol@tmann constant" and &(N:;DF (:(Z0" N N-/(T4/d=mMN#receiver 3d=5 (N&hermal noise M Noise generated at receiver"
inter6erence received 6rom transmitters located in the same cell as the receiver Note: 0 is included in .intra
'eceived (useful) signal hermal "oise hermal "oise at receiver $nterference intra&cell $nterference e%tra&cell $nterference
0 (or R'0P" -/(T4/ N .intra (.o n" .eLtra (.other?.inter" .
Ec NthN-/), -
inter6erence received 6rom transmitters not located in the same cell as the receiver .N.intraM .eLtra (no H&hermal noise at receiverI included"
/ < / < 6"

/4,4/ Notations 3cont45
-eceived 0o$er and 0o$er den!i & otal received !ower (* otal noise+) otal received !ower (* otal noise+ without useful signal)
Po$er DdBmE .MN (R''." .MN-0
Po$er Den!i & DdBm2.CE .o No (Nt"
Commen Po$er Den!i &BPo$er2B $i # BB"1+(M.C .MNN .intraM .eLtra MN Note: 0 is included in (.MN" NoN( .intraM .eLtra MN-0"A= Note: 0 is not included in No
Note: $o can 1e measured ith a good precision9 hereas "o is not eas7 to measure (1ut it is use6ul 6or theoretical demonstrations"
/ < / < 6(

-a io in DdBE Commen
Kere HnoiseIN.o &his ratio can 1e accuratel7 measured: it is used 6or ph7sical channels ithout real in6ormation 1its9 especiall7 6or 0P.0K (Pilot channel" Kere HnoiseINNo &his ratio is di66icult to measure9 1ut is use6ul 6or theoretical demonstrations: it is used 6or ph7sical channels ith real in6ormation 1its9 especiall7 6or P-00P0K and $LADL dedicated channels4 E1ANoNEcANoMPB ith PB (Processing Bain" N /( log 3(D4T, %chipsAs" A (service 1it rate"5 e4g4 6or speech /:4: !1itsAs9 Processing Bain N :+d= 'i>ed val6e hich depends on service 1it rate444 E1ANo shall 1e e8ual or greater than the (E1ANo"re8
EcAIo
'eceived energ, !er chi! over noise
EcANo (H0A.I"Y
'eceived energ, !er bit over *noise+ Required energ, !er bit over *noise+
E1ANo
(E1ANo"reA
F-his ratio is often written with the classical :32 notation GC;/H (Carrier over /nterference ratio)' this notation is incorrect, it should be C;(/8N1C)
/ < / < 65

T$o more in ere! in% ra io!F f (or little i)
in DdBE
Commen .n a homogenous net or! (same tra66ic and user distri1ution in each cell"9 f is a constant in uplin!4 &7pical value 6or macro-cells ith omni-directional antennas: (4++ (in uplin!" Uer7 use6ul $%&' ratio to characteri@e the moving inter6erence level . compare to the 6iLed H&hermal Noise at receiverI level N4
.eLtra A .intra
"oise 'ise
(.MN"AN
(*ther 0ell .nter6erence #actor (*0.#" -R .eLtraA.intra"

/ < / < 66
/4,4: ELercise
3urrounding cells
lin% p "
ed r e si d n o c
3erving cell
Node B
Assumptions: n active users in the serving cell ith speech service at /:4:!1itsAs and (E1ANo"re8 N- d= Received po er at Node=: 0N-/:(d=m (6or each user" homogenous net or! (6N(4++" N#Node= N ,d= and N#$E NTd=
/ < / < 6*
/4,4: ELercise 3cont45

/4 Chat is the processing gain 6or speech /:4:!1itsAs [ :4 &he users in the serving cell are located at di66erent distance 6rom the Node=: is it desira1le and possi1le to have the same received po er 0 6or each user[ D4 Chat is the value o6 the H&hermal Noise at receiverI N[ ,4 0omplete the 6ollo ing ta1le:
n
D6!er!E
I
DdBmE
I GN
DdBmE
Noi!e -i!e DdBE
Ec2Io
DdBE
E/2No
DdBE
Commen
1 10 25 100
/ < / < 6+
/ $%&' .ntroduction
/4+ $%&' RNP tool overvie

*12ective: to 1e a1le to descri1e 1rie6l7 the structure o6 a RNP tool
/ < / < 69
/4+4/ RNP tool re8uirements
Digital maps
topographic data (terrain height"
Resolution:

t7picall7 :(m 6or cit7 areas and +( m 6or rural areas possi1l7 1uilding and road data1ases 6or more accurac7 important 6or inter6acing ith measurement tools e4g4 $&% 1ased on CB'-T, ellipsoid
0oordinates s7stem

morphographic data (clutter t7pe"

Resolution: same as topographic data
Propagation model dialog

e4g4 setting 0ost-Kata propagation model parameters importing sites (e4g B'% sites" setting siteAsectorAcellAantenna parameters (HNet or! design parametersI"
Note: in $%&'9 sector and cell are not e8uivalent
'iteAsectorAcellAantenna dialog
/ < / < *0
/4+4/ RNP tool re8uirements 3cont45

Lin!
loss calculation &ra66ic simulation

'etting tra66ic parameters &ra66ic map generation
Resolution: same as topographic data
$E list generation (a snapshot o6 the $%&' net or!"

0overage
predictions
displa7ing the results on the map sho ing the results as numerical ta1les
Automatic
neigh1orhood planning Automatic scram1ling code planning .nter or!ing ith other tools (dimensioning tools9 *%0-$R9 measurements tools9 transmission planning tool444"
/ < / < *1
/4+4: ELample: ;;++ $%&'AB'% RNP tool
;;++ screenshot
/ < / < *2
/4+4D Kigh-level A00* overvie

#ull7
integrated ith ;;++ Per6orms the tas!s that are tedious V time consuming to per6orm
'ite selection 'ite placement Antenna tilt V a@imuth optimisation Radio 6eature selection
Allo
s a large RNP to 1e per6ormed in su1stantiall7 less time greater consistenc7 and repeata1ilit7 =ro!en into t o modules:
A00* Breen6ield
ith
Primaril7 6or site placement 1ut also 6or site selection9 tilt a@imuth optimisation and radio 6eatures selection
DoesnPt consider inter6erence
A00* *ptimisation
Does ever7thing eLcept ne site placement
'elected as the official ,CP ool 6or AlcatelLucent
/ < / < *"

/4+4, 0ost 1ene6it optimi@ation

E>i! in% Candida e Si e! (in ;;++" 9955 ,CC; Automatic 0ost and E66icienc7 Anal7sis
E66icient .mplementation D/ sites (-(O"
#ull .mplementation +( sites
/ < / < *(
/4+4+ ;;++ A00*

Plan in --.. $m!roved !lans in --..
0ase /
/ther considerations 0ase / > =usiness case : 0ase > =udget and cost > =usiness case 0ase N > ELpected tra66ic > =udget and cost
> =usiness case > 'ervices > ELpected tra66ic > =udget and cost > Radio re8uirements > 'ervices > ELpected tra66ic > Availa1le technolog7 > Radio re8uirements > 'ervices > Parameter ranges > Availa1le technolog7 > Radio re8uirements > etc4 > Parameter ranges technolog7 > Availa1le > etc4 > Parameter ranges > etc4
=etter plans Uer7 6ast processing 0ost e66icienc7 anal7sis .mplementation plans Pro2ect plans =est 1udget use 0omplementar7 to ;;++
0ase :
0ase N
/ < / < *5
/ $%&' .ntroduction
/4- RNP process overvie

*12ective: to 1e a1le to 1rie6l7 descri1e the RNP Process4
/ < / < *6
/4-4/ C0D%A RNP process

-adio
Ne $or@ Dimen!ionin%
Re8uired receive levels 6or di66erent morphos (1ased on LF= anal7sis" 'ite con6iguration 6or di66erent morphos
No4 0arriers9 %aL4 'u1s A 'ite9 Radio #eatures9 etc4
An indicative site count 6or the di66erent morphos and areas
Ne> S e0 RNP stud7 to con6irm site count and locations

/ < / < **
/4-4: *vervie
/ < / < *+
/4-4D .nputs re8uired

RNP
re8uires a set o6 inputs9 in addition to those re8uired 6or the Radio Net or! Dimensioning stage9 including:
&opolog79 morpholog7 and tra66ic in6ormation 'ite co-ordinates9 heights9 tilts9 patterns and a@imuths4
0Mor0#olo%&
Traffic Ma0!
0To0olo%&
/ < / < *9
/4-4, RNP coverage predictions

;/Hec
ive: &o 6ine tune the design outputs 6rom stage (/" 17 revie ing the predicted coverage and 8ualit7
0an 1e assisted through use ,CC; (the ;;++ automatic optimisation module"9 that can optimise site selection9 antenna heights9 tilts9 po ers9 etc
&ra66ic
loading important 6or C0D%A
0an have an a00recia/le im0ac on #e ne $or@ de!i%n (in6luenced 17 the user distri1ution" &here are t o common approaches 6or modeling the impact o6 tra66ic on the net or! design9 these are:
'i>ed Cell 9oad ,nal&!i!: A 6iLed loads are assumed 6or the $L and DL (derived 6rom stage (/" o6 the radio net or! design process" 9oad Di! ri/6 ion ,nal&!i!: RNP net or! simulations can 1e used to randoml7 distri1ute mo1iles over the design area according to detailed tra66ic maps and service usage pro6iles enhanced accurac7
/ < / < +0
/4-4, RNP coverage predictions 3cont45

Accepta1le
coverage is de6ined 17 several re8uirements that should 1e satis6ied ithin the design coverage area:
CPIC. -SCP (target thresholds derived 6rom stage (/" o6 the design process"
According to lin! 1udget %APL
CPIC. Ec2Io \ -/+ d= (1ased on 6ield eLperience" Service E/2No in D9 \ $E service E1ANo 6or the target =LER Service E/2No in U9 \ Node-= service E1ANo 6or the target =LER .SDP, I .SUP, #ro6%#06 Sof .andover ! a 6! (6or in6ormation purposes"
/ < / < +1
/4-4+ RNP net or! simulations

;/Hec
ive: &o account 6or:
&he d&namic na 6re o6 the interactions 1et een users (through iterative po er control simulations" and the t7picall7 non36niform di! ri/6 ion o6 the tra66ic 1et een sites (de6ined 17 the tra66ic map" $ni6orm loading assumptions implicit ith simple predictions studies
&
o common t7pes o6 RNP net or! simulation studies that are per6ormed:
9oad Di! ri/6 ion Sim6la ion S 6die! W 6or estimating the $L and DL loading on a per cell 1asis (to 6acilitate enhanced predictions studies" De ailed Sim6la ion S 6die! W to assess the net or! per6ormance in a more rigorous manner in terms o6 call 6ailures9 hotspot anal7sis9 radio 6eature evolution9 rollout anal7sis
/ < / < +2
/4-4- Fe7 ND RNP steps

&7pical
re8uirements as part o6 an RNP stud7 include the 6ollo ing t7pes o6 studies:
Pilo -SCP coverage predictions (al a7s" Pilo Ec2Io 8ualit7 predictions (almost al a7s" Effec ive Service ,rea predictions (sometimes" .SDP, predictions (increasingl7 common" .SUP, predictions (imminent re8uirement" Sim6la ion! (rarel7 re8uired"
/ < / < +"

: .nputs 6or Radio Net or! Planning
/ < / < +(
: .nputs 6or Radio Net or! Planning
:4/ 'ession presentation

*12ective
to 1e a1le to descri1e the $%&' RNP inputs ith regard to 6re8uenc7 spectrum9 tra66ic parameters9 e8uipment parameters and radio net or! re8uirements4
/ < / < +5
:4/4/ $%&' #DD 6re8uenc7 spectrum

*12ective:
to 1e a1le to descri1e the $%&' #DD 6re8uenc7 parameters de6ined 17 the DBPP
/ < / < +6
:4/4/4/ #re8uenc7 spectrum

#re8uenc7 spectrum ($%&' #DD mode"
$L: /;:( %K@ W /;T( %K@ DL: ://( %K@ W :/)( %K@ DupleL spacing: /;( %K@
1D2011DE0
2110121B0
/ < / < +*
:4/4/4: 0arrier spacing

0arrier
spacing: +%K@
://( %K@ W :/)( %K@ N -( %K@? -( %K@ A + %K@ N/: 6re8uencies

*ne operator gets t7picall7 :WD 6re8uencies (carriers" 'o t7picall7 ,W- licenses per countr7 as a maLimum
Re8uired
1and idth: ,4)%K@
&he chip rate is D4T,%chipAs9 there6ore at least D4T,%K@ 1and idth are needed to avoid inters7m1ol inter6erence (N78uist-0riterion" &he roll-o6 6actor o6 the pulse-shaping 6ilter is (4:: (root-raised cosine" &he needed minimum 1and idth is D4T,%K@ L /4:: ,4)%K@
ELamples:
6020(
6 operators
+20(
C operators
/ < / < ++
:4/4/4D #re8uenc7 channel num1ering

$&RA A1solute Radio #re8uenc7 0hannel Num1er ($AR#0N"
$AR#0N 6ormula (DBPP :+4/(/ and :+4/(,":
UARFCNUplink/Downlink = 5 f C nt r Uplink/Downlink [MHz] with 020MHz f C nt r Uplink/Downlink 3216.6MHz
$AR#0N is integer:
( ]N $AR#0N ]N /-DTD
/ < / < +9
:4/4/4, 0enter 6re8uenc7
0enter #re8uenc7 6center

0onse8uence o6 $AR#0N 6ormula (see previous slide":
6center must 1e set in steps o6 (4:%K@ (0hannel RasterN:(( !K@" 6center must terminate ith an even num1er (e4g /;:)4, not /;:)4+"
6center values
$plin! (/;:(%h@-/;T(%K@"

/;::4,%K@ ]N 6center ]N /;))4-%K@ ;-/: ]N $AR#0N $plin! ]N ;TTT ://:4,%K@ ]N 6center ]N :/-)4-%K@ /(+-: ]N $AR#0N Do nlin! ]N /(TDT
Do nlin! (://(%h@-:/)(%K@"

/ < / < 90
:4/4/4+ #urther comments

#re8uenc7 ad2ustment
.6 an overlap 1et een 6re8uenc7 1ands 1elonging to same operator is set9 guard 1and 1et een di66erent operators ill increase4 &his 6eature can 1e used to enlarge the guard 1and 1et een 6re8uenc7 1loc!s 1elonging di66erent operators and prevent dead @ones4
ELample: it sho s an overlap o6 (4D %K@ 1et een t o carriers o6 one operator(4- %K@ additional channel separation 1et een the operators is created4
? M7+ ? M7+ 4"3 M7+ o8er%ap 0"@ M7+ 0"@ M7+ 4"3 M7+ o8er%ap
Operator 1 1D20
4"& M7+ additiona% #uard !and
Operator 2 1DC0
4re!uency coordination at country borders ( see 7ppendi )

/ < / < 91
:4/4: $%&' tra66ic parameters ($%&' tra66ic map"
*12ective: to 1e a1le to descri1e the method to create a tra66ic map
/ < / < 92
:4/4:4/ 'tep /: &erminal parameters
/ < / < 9"

:4/4:4: 'tep :: 'ervice parameters
/ < / < 9(
:4/4:4: 'tep :: 'ervice parameters 3cont45
/ < / < 95
:4/4:4D 'tep D: $ser pro6ile parameters

Tra ic 2ensit( User Pro i%e Ser8ice ,see Step*.3 9EC .3 6C 3peech 12$2 3peech 12$2 C36C City user .36C .312E .39EC 3tandard user same as City "ser without .39EC service 2obile .hone <utdoor 0$2 1 C0 200 Termina% ,see Step).)7 )eep /ndoor .)7 )eep /ndoor 2obile phone )eep /ndoor Ca%%s1 $our 1 1 1 1 1 2uration ,sec1 1 11+$2 B2 B2
,E=amp%es3urfing user Iideocall user .honecall user
Fo%ume ,>!1secUL E + 1 1 1 2L 60 20 1 1 1
All o6 this data has to 1e provided 17 the operator: as the user pro6iles ill 1e di66erent 6or di66erent operators in di66erent countries9 no t7pical values can 1e given4
/ < / < 96
:4/4:4, 'tep ,: Environment class parameters

$ser
pro6iles have 1een used to descri1e single user t7pes4 Environment classes are used to distri1ute and 8uanti67 these user pro6iles on the planning area4
Environmen cla!!: 7E>am0le!8 Dense $r1an $r1an 'u1ur1an Rural Geo%ra0#ical den!i & 76!er!2@m28 U!er 0rofile! 7 !ee S e0 "8 cit7 user cit7 user cit7 user standard user lo$ raffic /((( )+( +( /( medi6m raffic D((( /+(( :+( :( #i%# raffic -((( D((( +(( ,(
Y=E 0ARE#$L: environment classes and clutter classes have o6ten the same names9 although the7 re6er to 8uite di66erent concepts: an environment class re6ers to a tra66ic propert7 hereas a clutter class re6ers to an electromagnetic ave propagation propert74 &he reason is that environment classes are ver7 o6ten mapped on clutter classes to generate a tra66ic map (see 'tep +"
/ < / < 9*
:4/4:4+ 'tep +: &ra66ic map de6inition

%apping
o6 Environment 0lasses (see 'tep ," on a map: ELample ith , environment classes: 0ense Urban1 Urban1 Suburban1 'ural Rural
2ap -raffic map
Suburban
Dense Urban Planning Area Resolution' Urban 20mJ100m (also called Focus Area) Note: an eas7 a7 to generate a tra66ic map is to use the clutter map and to associate each clutter class to an environment class (e4g4 0ense Urban environment class is mapped on 0ense Urban clutter class2"
/ < / < 9+
:4/4D $%&' terminal9 Node= and antenna overvie
*12ective: to 1e a1le to descri1e 1rie6l7 the main characteristics o6 the $%&' radio e8uipment ($E9 Node= and antenna"
/ < / < 99
:4/4D4/ $E characteristics
According
to DBPP :+4/(/ (Release /;;;":

/: :: D: ,: (MDD (M:) (M:, (M:/ M/A-D"d=m M/A-D"d=m M/A-D"d=m ^:"d=m
$E po er classes at antenna connectorY: (see

Po Po Po Po er class er class er class er class
$E minimum output po er: ]-+(d=m

According
to $E manu6acturers:
$E Noise #igure: Td= (t7picall7" $E internal losses M $E antenna gain N (d=

Chat
is E.RP 6or a $E o6 po er class ,[

F the notation means e$g$ for class 1' 1 2a imum output power' 899d*m 1 -olerance' 81d*m;19d*m
7nswer' "# #/R.5"# -K .ower8 "# 7ntenna :ain 1 "# /nternal &oss521d*m 8 0 d* 5 21 d
/ < / < 100
:4/4D4: Alcatel-Lucent Node =

&he Alcatel-lucent =&' /:(/( (indoor":
is a 6ull7 integrated sel6-contained cell-site ith up to D sectors V D carriers in a single ca1inet
Node . UE "2-3 /ub /ub RNC
UE
"2-3
The /ode 3 is in ch"r4e of r"dio tr"nsmission h"ndlin4 -5ith 6-%$*7 method.
UE
/ < / < 101

:4/4D4: Alcatel-Lucent Node = 3cont45

Sector 8 Sector ; 47 7eeders Sector (
3ower supp&y= , . >? $ /C , 'C ma%n
BTS 47 ,&ock
T9 amp&%f%cat%on (3'": coup&%ng nterco modu&e 4x s%gna&
Tx s%gna&
4NC
!"
/%g%ta& she&f
Network %nterface Ca&& process%ng S%gna& process%ng 7re<uency up/down convers%on 6xterna& a&arms
/ < / < 102


'&arm connect%v%ty 0'AM Bus MC'
/%g%ta& she&f
@3S'M
47 ,&ock
Tx Sp&%tter (opt%ona&"
C6M Ca&& 3rocess%ng Transm%t/ 4ece%ve Base,and 3rocess%ng
CCM
T4M Transm%t/ 4ece%ve/ Channe&%2er 3' //M
CCM
4x Tx
0'AM
u,: to/from 4NC

/ < / < 10"

/%g%ta& she&f
C6M ; @3S'M T4M ;
47 ,&ock
/
C6M 8
3' ; MCPA
//M ;
/
Sector ;
C6M (
CCM ; T4M 8 /
C6M > 0'AM C6M B
3' 8 MCPA
//M 8
/
Sector 8
C6M C
T4M (
3' ( MCPA
Network nterface= u,: to the 4NC (6; and 'TM/''&8 capa,%&%ty"
//M (
/
Sector (
Solid lines indicate plane 0 interconnect, dashed lines plane 1.

/ < / < 10(
:4/4D4D 0E%9 i0E% and the =ase =and $nit
%C6M;8?
-.BBU -.BBU
%C6M;8?
-.BBU /.BBU
iCEM ,&01)*/- is 7S2PA $ardware read( !ut needs a speci ic so tware 0ne BBU can not support ,oth Standard (4DD/4>" and -S/3' (4B"serv%ces
%C6MC>
-.BBU
121221212 S0eec#
iCEM Ca0aci &

PS "22"2 "2 6( PS 6(26( 16 "2 PS 6(212+ 16 "2 PS 6(2"+( + 16
%C6MC>
/.BBU
iCEM6( iCEM12+
6( 12+
C6M
/.BBU /.BBU
-.BBU /.BBU
-S/3' ded%cated /C- ded%cated
/ < / < 105

:4/4D4, i0E%: K'DPA 'cala1le 0on6iguration
%C6M;8?
-.BBU -.BBU The > -.BBU &%m%tat%ons= , ( ce&&s , S%mu&taneous users= , 8) (U' >.8" , C> (U' B.)" , User traff%c= ;).8 M,ps , 0$S7 codes= , ;B S7 ;C (-S.3/SC-" , > S7 ;8? (-S.SCC-"
%C6M;8?
-.BBU /.BBU
%C6MC>
-.BBU
%C6MC>
/.BBU
/ < / < 106

:4/4D4+ K'DPA solution

C6M ;8? -.BBU Ce&&E; -.BBU Ce&&E8 C6M ;8? -.BBU Ce&&E( /.BBU Ce&&E> C6M a&pha /.BBU Ce&&EB /.BBU Ce&&EC
Network nterface
@3S'M T4M ;
-1 +. /M0(1 -1 +. , , /M0(1
-1 -2 +. Ma23 / 3' -S/3' Ce&& E;: f; Standard Ce&& E>: f8 -S/3' Ce&& E8: f; Standard Ce&& EB: f8 -S/3' Ce&& E(: f; Standard Ce&& EC: f8
f1, f2 TX driver
f; f8 T9 , ,
-1 -2 +. (24. -1 -2 +. Ma23
CCM
3'
T4M 8
f1, f2 TX driver
f1 f2 TX , , -2 +. , , /M0(1
-1 -2 +. (24. -1 -2 +. Ma23
/ 3' -1 -2 +. (24. /
f2 RX (M+D)
/ < / < 10*

:4/4D4- $%&' antennas
0onstraints 6or antenna s7stem installation:

visual impact space or 1uilding constraints co-siting ith eListing B'% =&'
Note: the antenna s7stem includes not onl7 the antennas themselves9 1ut also the 6eeders9 2umpers and connectors as ell as dipleLers (in case o6 antenna s7stem sharing" and &%As (to er mounted ampli6iers"
Chenever possi1le9 a solution chosen:

ith a standard antenna has to 1e
%odel: -+Z hori@ontal 1eam idth A@imuth: (Z9 /:(Z and :,(Z (D sectored site" Bain: /)-/Td=i Keight (a1ove ground": :(-:+ m 6or ur1an and D(-D+ m 6or su1ur1an Do ntilt: electrical do ntilt ad2usta1le 1et een (Z and /(Z
/ < / < 10+

:4/4D4- $%&' antennas 3cont45
Antenna parameters are !e7 parameters hich can 1e tuned to decrease inter6erence in critical @ones9 especiall7:
,n enna do$n il
increasing the antenna do ntilt o6 an inter6ering cell can optimi@e the R# conditions do ntilt changes ith a di66erence less than :Z compared to the previous value do not ma!e sense9 since the modi6ication e66ort (re8uiring on-site tuning" does not stand in relation to the e66ect4 rule o6 thum1: the do ntilt in $%&' should 1e at least /Z-:Z higher than the value a planner ould choose 6or B'% 17 re-directing the 1eam direction o6 the inter6ering cell a@imuth modi6ications o6 /(Z-:(Z compared to the previous value do not ma!e sense
,n enna aCim6 #

Note: A@imuthAdo ntilt modi6ications can 1e restricted or even 6or1idden due to antenna s7stem installation constraints (especiall7 the constraints 6or $%&'AB'% co-location"
/ < / < 109

:4/4, Radio net or! re8uirements
*12ective: to 1e a1le to understand the parameters9 hich de6ine the $%&' radio net or! re8uirements in terms o6 coverage9 tra66ic and 8ualit7 o6 service
/ < / < 110

:4/4,4/ De6inition o6 radio net or! re8uirements

&ra66ic
miL and distri1ution 6or tra66ic simulation predict po er load in DL and $L noise rise area
ith the aim to
0overed
Pol7gon surrounding the area to 1e covered (6ocus @one 6or RNP tool"
De6inition
o6
hat coverage is
0P.0K EcA.o coverage

(0P.0K EcA.o"re8uiredN-/+d= (Alcatel-Lucent value coming 6rom simulations and 6ield measurements" Re8uired coverage pro1a1ilit7 6or 0P.0K EcA.o: e4g4 3verage !robabilit, 45P$56 7c8$o 9 (5P$56 7c8$o)re:; 9 -.< ( ith this de6inition a minimum average 8ualit7 in the covered area is guaranteedY"
Fother definitions of re!uired coverage probability are possible, e$g$ 95 o! area "it# $P%$& 'c(%o ) ($P%$& 'c(%o) re*uired (with this definition, a minimum percentage of covered area is guaranteed) All Rights Reserved Alcatel-Lucent :((;
/ < / < 111

:4/4,4/ De6inition o6 radio net or! re8uirements 3cont45

$L and DL service coverage
(E1ANo"re8speci6ic value 6or each service and 6or each direction ($LADL"9 Re8uired coverage pro1a1ilit7 6or DL and $L services: e4g4 3verage !robabilit, 47b8"o 9 (7b8"o)re:; 9 -.< (6or each direction $LADL and 6or each service" Note: .t is possi1le to de6ine di66erent re8uired coverage pro1a1ilities 6or di66erent services4
E1ANo values can not easil7 1e measured9 1ut nevertheless service coverage predictions are a good source o6 in6ormation to improve the radio net or! design (to 6ind the limiting resources"4
/ < / < 112

:4/4,4/ De6inition o6 radio net or! re8uirements 3cont45

0P.0K R'0P coverage (optional"
(0P.0K R'0P"re8uired: it can 1e de6ined9 i6 the maLimum allo ed path loss is determined 17 calculating a lin! 1udget and ta!ing into account the 0P.0K output po er (i6 no tra66ic miL is availa1le9 the lin! 1udget ould 1ase on the limiting service" Re8uired coverage pro1a1ilit7 6or 0P.0K R'0P e4g4 3verage !robabilit, 45P$56 'S5P 9 (5P$56 'S5P)re:;R;+O (&o guarantee an average relia1ilit79 that the minimum level is 6ul6illed in the covered area"
0P.0K R'0P prediction is not mandator79 1ut:

it can 1e a help to guarantee a certain level o6 indoor coverage 6rom outdoor cells9 ta!ing into account di66erent indoor losses 6or di66erent areas4 0P.0K R'0P can easil7 1e measured using a DB scanner4
/ < / < 11"

D C0D%A RNP Predictions
/ < / < 11(

D4/ 0P.0K R'0P predictions

;/Hec ive: Ualidate anal7tical LF= results 17 RNP S e0!:
/" Determine 0P.0K R'0P &hresholds
$L harmonised lin! 1udget
:" 'et 0ell Parameters D" 0reate Prediction

'et Prediction 0onditions 'et R'0P thresholds
/ < / < 115

D4/4/ Determine 0P.0K R'0P thresholds

: main approaches:
$se Karmonised AL$ lin! 1udget to derive 6iLed $L cell load %APL
0CPIC. -SCP 9evel B DCPIC. T> Po$er G ,n enna Gain 3 'eeder lo!!e!E = M,P9
Determine
hether a DL limitation occurs 1e6ore $L cell load limit
/ < / < 116

D4/4: 'et cell parameters

&he
onl7 cell parameter o6 importance 6or 0P.0K R'0P predictions is the HPilot Po erI
$se
the H;;++ v-4L 0ell .nputs 0alculatorI calculator to determine correct cell inputs
'elect the PA t7pe9 num1er o6 carriers9 DL po er loading9 etc
0-emem/er? T#e mo! im0or an in06 i! #e JPilo Po$erK

/ < / < 11*
D4/4D 0reate prediction

'elect H0overage 17 'ignal LevelI
Enter the 0P.0K R'0P &hresholds
No e: Ensure that 1oth HS#ado$in% a@en in o acco6n I and HIndoor Covera%eI are not selected &his is important 1ecause 1oth shado ing margins and penetrations should alread7 1e accounted 6or in the %APL calculations
/ < / < 11+
D4: Pilot EcA.o predictions

;/Hec ive: 0hec! the 8ualit7 o6 the net or! 17 RNP S e0!:
/" :" D" ," 'et 0ell Parameters De6ine Penetration %argins (optional" 'et &erminal Parameters 0reate Prediction
'et Prediction 0onditions 'et R'0P thresholds
/ < / < 119

D4:4/ 'et cell parameters

&he
cell parameters that impact the Pilot EcA.o predictions are:
Pilot Po er &otal Po er
$se
'elect the PA t7pe9 num1er o6 carriers9 DL po er loading9 etc Fe7 inputs 1eing the DL po er loading assumptions
$nloaded (overheads onl7" NR eLpect _-Td= EcA.o O DL po er load9 e4g4 /((O NR eLpect _-/+d= EcA.o O availa1le DL tra66ic po er loading
0-emem/er? T#e mo! im0or an in06 ! are #e JPilo Po$erK and #e JTo al Po$erK
/ < / < 120
D4:4: De6ine penetration margins (optional"

.n most cases9 the penetration margin ill have a minimal impact on the EcA.o predictions (eLception 1eing9 6or eLample9 rural areas"
Benerall7 the net or! ill 1e inter6erence limited Penetration margin impacts 1oth Ec and .o in the same EcA.o unchanged" a7 (thus leaving the
0an de6ine per clutter Indoor 9o!!e!
/ < / < 121

D4:4D 'et terminal parameters

*nl7 input that matters here is the HNoi!e 'i%6reI
/ < / < 122

D4:4, 0reate prediction

'elect HPilot Reception Anal7sisI
De6ine thresholds -/+ to -Td=
No e: .6 considering shado ing 6or EcA.o ;;++ use the EcA.o std dev de6ined in the clutter properties indo (should 1e set to Dd=" .6 EcA.o relia1ilit7 is a re8uirement then select shado ing option 'elect indoor losses i6 considering noise limited coverage
/ < / < 12"
ill
D4D E66ective service area predictions

;/Hec ive: .denti67 coverage areas 6or each service S e0!:
/" :" D" ," +" -" 'et &ransmitter Properties 'et 0ell Parameters De6ine Penetration %argins9 *rthogonalit7 V 'hado ing 'et &erminal 0haracteristics De6ine 'ervice Parameters 0reate Prediction
/ < / < 12(

D4D4/ 'et transmitter properties

.n the transmitters properties ta1 indo :
'et the $L so6t handover gain to ( d= Activate %R0
/ < / < 125

D4D4: 'et cell parameters

&he
cell parameters that impact the 'ervice Area predictions are:
%aL Po er9 Pilot Po er9 '0K Po er9 other 00K9 &otal Po er9 DL K'$PA Po er
$se
/ < / < 126

D4D4D De6ine pen4 margins9 orthog4 V shad4

Li!e Pilot EcA.o predictions9 in most cases the 0ene ra ion mar%in ill have a minimal impact on the E1ANt predictions (eLception 1eing9 6or eLample9 rural areas" *nl7 used i6 indoor losses chec!ed in prediction options
.n the 6ield it has 1een o1served that the ! andard devia ion of E/2N is much less than that o6 E1 alone (i4e4 is much less than the standard deviation o6 the R'0P level9 (in #e order of L"dB" &his is onl7 used i6 shado ing is chec!ed in the e66ective service area prediction options &he recommended orthogonalit7 6actor is (4-
/ < / < 12*

D4D4, 'et terminal characteristics
'et %aL Po er to :/d=m 6or all 1ut K'DPA $Es
No Bains or Losses
'et N# to Td=
/ < / < 12+

D4D4+ De6ine service parameters
0hec! the de6ault Ma> TC. Po$er settings
'et the appropriate Bod& 9o!! De6ine the U9 and D9 E/2N values 6or each service
/ < / < 129
D4D4- 0reate prediction
'elect the Effec ive Service ,rea (6or all services" Alternativel7 the $L and DL e66ective service area can 1e predicted separatel7 No e: .6 considering shado ing 6or service area predictions ;;++ ill use the E1ANt std4 dev4 de6ined in the clutter properties indo (should 1e set to Dd=" .6 E1ANt relia1ilit7 is a re8uirement then select shado ing option .t is recommended to al a7s select indoor losses i6 considering indoor coverage
/ < / < 1"0
D4, K'DPA V K'$PA predictions

;/Hec ive: Demonstrate the K'PA throughputs over the area S e0!:
/" :" D" ," +" -" )" T" 'et &ransmitter Properties 'et 0ell Parameters 'et Reception E8uipment Parameters 'et &erminal 0haracteristics De6ine %o1ilit7 Parameters De6ine 'ervice Parameters De6ine K'PA Radio =earers 0reate Prediction
/ < / < 1"1

D4,4/ 'et transmitter properties

'et Nt computation to 1e HCithout $se6ul 'ignalI 'et 0S. to 1e H=ased on K'-PD'0K Sualit7I
/ < / < 1"2

D4,4: 'et DL po er cell parameters /AD

&he
cell parameters that impact the K'DPA predictions are:
%aL Po er9 Pilot Po er9 '0K Po er9 other 00K9 &otal Po er9 Availa1le K'DPA Po er9 DL K'$PA Po er
$se
/ < / < 1""

D4,4D 'et cell parameters :AD

DC.
Po$er 9oadin%
O o6 the availa1le tra66ic channel po er D0K Po er Loading M K'DPA Po er Loading ]N /((O

.SDP,
Po$er 9oadin%
O o6 the availa1le tra66ic channel po er D0K Po er Loading M K'DPA Po er Loading ]N /((O

,dHacen
DC. Po$er 9oadin%
&his is the loading o6 cells ad2acent to the current cell Recommended value N /((O %a!e this less than /((O onl7 hen 7ou ish to assume that the pea! D0K loading is not simultaneous ever7 here at the same time4"
,dHacen
.SDP, Po$er 9oadin%
&his is the loading o6 cells ad2acent to the current cell &his is particularl7 relevant hen considering K'DPA per6ormances9 here 7ou ma7 ish to assume that the pea! rates are not simultaneous ever7 here at the same time Recommended value N +(O
/ < / < 1"(
D4,4, 'et $L cell parameters DAD

&he
cell parameters that impact the K'$PA predictions are:
%aL $L Load #actor9 $L Load #actor9 $L Load #actor Due to K'$PA9 $L Reuse #actor
%aL $L Load #actor +(O $L Load #actor +(O $L Load #actor Due to K'$PA (O $L Reuse #actor /4T
$se
the H;;++ v-4L 0ell .nputs 0alculatorI calculator to determine correct cell inputs:
De6ine $L 0ell Load due to D0K tra66ic H$L 0ell LoadI Enter the H$L 0ell Load due to K'$PA tra66icI De6ine the H%aL $L 0ell LoadI RN D0K M K'$PA
0 To al U9 Cell 9oad 0.SUP, U9 Cell 9oad 'rac ion 050M 025M
&he recommended $L Reuse #actor is 11+

/ < / < 1"5
D4,4+ 'et reception e8uipment parameters: K'DPA

No e: &he K'DPA Sualit7 Braphs should no 1e de6ined
%ust update the defa6l C)I a/le! 6or each mo1ilit7 model 7ou ant to use 6rom HC0D%A ;;++ v-4L K'DPA .nputsI
/ < / < 1"6

D4,4- 'et reception e8uipment parameters: K'$PA

No e: &he K'$PA Sualit7 Braphs should no 1e de6ined
%ust update the defa6l Bearer o Ec2N ma00in%! 6or each mo1ilit7 model 7ou ant to use 6rom the 6ile HC0D%A ;;++ v-4L K'$PA .nputsI (the HK'$PA ELtendedI sheet 6or a -4)d= '.R target"
/ < / < 1"*

D4,4) 'et terminal characteristics

'elect the reception e8uipment 6or hich the K'PA parameters have 1een de6ined Ena1le K'DPA andAor K'$PA and de6ine $E categories
/ < / < 1"+

D4,4T De6ine mo1ilit7 parameters

&he
ne
parameter 6or K'DPA is the K'-'00K EcANt target
&his is used 17 ;;++ to de6ine the po er used 6or the K'-'00K 1ased on the radio conditions &his po er is deduced 6rom the K'DPA po er speci6ied in the &ransmittersA0ells ta1le
&he
K'-'00K EcANt target value recommended is 31"dB 1ased on the Alcatel-Lucent calculation method
/ < / < 1"9

D4,4; De6ine service parameters

'elect K'DPA andAor K'$PA 6or the desired K'PA services
/ < / < 1(0

D4,4/( De6ine K'PA radio 1earers

=oth the K'$PA and K'DPA radio 1earer ta1les should 1e updated ith the values 6rom the attached eLcel 6iles
&he K'DPA ta1le is updated to account 6or a /(O =LER &he K'$PA ta1le is updated to ma!e some corrections as ell as to eLtend the num1er o6 1earer indicies 6rom :, to /(/
K'$PA inputs can 1e 6ound in HC0D%A ;;++ v-4L K'$PA .nputsI
K'DPA inputs can 1e 6ound in HC0D%A ;;++ v-4L K'DPA .nputsI
/ < / < 1(1

D4,4// 0reate prediction: K'DPA
'elect HRL0 Pea! Rates (!1ps"
No e: Do not select shado ing 'elect indoor losses i6 considering noise limited coverage
/ < / < 1(2

D4,4/: 0reate prediction: K'$PA

'electing HSin%le U!erI assumes that a single user ta!es the entire $L K'$PA cell load limit 'electing HS#aredI means that the K'$PA cell load limit is shared amongst the num1er o6 user de6ined 6or K'$PA in the cell properties sheet HNum1er o6 K'$PA $sersI 'elect HRL0 Pea! Rates (!1ps"
No e: Do not select shado ing 'elect indoor losses i6 considering noise limited coverage
/ < / < 1("

, C0D%A &ra66ic 'imulations
/ < / < 1((

, C0D%A &ra66ic 'imulations
,4/ $%&' tra66ic simulations
*12ective: to 1e a1le to chec! that the net or! capacit7 is in line ith the tra66ic demand 17 per6orming tra66ic simulations ith a RNP tool
/ < / < 1(5

,4/4/ Ch7 do
e need tra66ic simulations[
Can the capacit, cope with the de+and in "& and in )&L
Tra ic Map -raffic de+and modeling
Site map Networ% capacit, modeling
it is necessary to calculate the "&;)& networ% capacity to chec% that it is in line with the traffic demand$
/ < / < 1(6
,4/4/ Ch7 do
Ko
e need tra66ic simulations[ 3cont45
to calculate the $LADL net or! capacit7[

"ser distribution 1 Node. Ce%% Ce%% "ser distribution 2 Node.
Pro1lem: the capacit7 depends on the user distri1ution (at least in DL"
3/0k
)*"*k
3uburban environme nt class
)*"*k
3/0k ,in outa#e-
Net or! capacit7 / R Net or! capacit7 : (6or the same tra66ic map"
3olution' a traffic simulation can be performed (5 a snapshot of "2-3 networ% at a given time, one possible scenario among infinite number of scenarii)$
/ < / < 1(*
,4/4: Ko
to per6orm a tra66ic simulation[
'tep /: enter the tra66ic simulation inputs

Traffic !im6la ion in06 !
&0ical val6e )+O /(( DO (4-
Commen
limit o6 s7stem insta1ilit74 .6 this threshold is overcome9 some $Es are put in outage4 RNP tool dependent values4 &rade o66 1et een precision and calculation time (4- 6or Uehicular A ? (4T+ 6or Pedestrian A
Traffic !im6la ion 0arame er! 7onl& 6!ed for raffic !im6la ion!8 %aLimum $L load 6actor Num1er o6 iterations 0onvergence criteria *rthogonalit7 6actor (per clutter"
Traffic ma0 Pro0a%a ion model 0arame er! Ne $or@ de!i%n 0arame er!
/ < / < 1(+

,4/4: Ko
to per6orm a tra66ic simulation[ 3cont45
'tep :: the RNP tool provides a realistic 6!er di! ri/6 ion
$sed input: tra66ic map &he RNP tool provides a snapshot o6 the net or! at a given time (1ased on the tra66ic map and %onte-0arlo random algorithm":
a distri1ution o6 users ( ith terminal used9 speed and multipath environment" in the planning area a distri1ution o6 services among the users a distri1ution o6 activit7 6actors among the speech users in order to simulate the D&Q (Discontinuous &ransmission" 6eature ELample:
*0 users 2obile phone Iehicular +0%m;h 3peech 12$2% (active) .)7 Iehicular 9%m;h .39EC
/ < / < 1(9
,4/4: Ko
to per6orm a tra66ic simulation[ 3cont45
'tep D: the RNP tool chec!s the $LADL service availa1ilit7 6or each user
$sed inputs: user distri1ution (see 'tep/" MPropagation model parametersMNet or! design parametersM tra66ic simulations parameters $LADL lin! loss calculations are per6ormed i era ivel& due to (6ast" 0o$er con rol mec#ani!m! in order to get:
needed $E &Q po er 6or each $E needed Node= &Q po er 6or each cell
Each o6 the 6ollo ing conditions is chec!ed: i6 one o6 them is not 6ul6illed9 the concerned user ill 1e e2ected (service 1loc!ed":
Conditions in "&' 1) needed "# -K power M 2a imum "# -K power 2) "& load factor M 2a imum "& load factor (typical value' B+N) 9) enough "& Node* processing capacity
/ < / < 150
1) 2) 9) C) +)
Conditions in )&' C./C0 #c;/o O ( C./C0 #c;/o)re!uired needed Node* -K power M 2a imum Node* -K power (ie )& .ower loadM100N) (for each traffic channel) needed -K power M 2a -K power per channel enough )& Node* processing capacity needed number of codes M ma number of codes
,4/4D &ra66ic simulation outputs

D9 70o$er8 load fac or 0er cell U9 load fac or 0er cell Percentage o6 so6t handover Percentage o6 1loc!ed service re8uests and reasons 6or 1loc!ing (e2ection causes"
ELample o6 e2ection causes ith ;;++ RNP tool: the signal 8ualit7 is not su66icient: on downlin=>
not enough 0P.0K 8ualit7: 7c8$o?(7c8$o)min not enough &Q po er 6or one tra66ic channel(tch": Ptch 9 Ptch ma% not enough &Q po er 6or one $E (mo1": Pmob 9 Pmob ma% the maLimum $L load 6actor is eLceeded (at admission or congestion"4 not enough DL po er 6or one cell (cell !ower saturation" not enough $LADL Node= processing capacit7 6or one site (channel element saturation" not enough DL channeli@ation codes (code saturation"
on u!lin=> the net or! is saturated:

/ < / < 151

,4/4, Limitation o6 tra66ic simulation

Limitation:
a simulation is onl7 1ased on one user distri1ution another simulation 1ased on the same tra66ic map 1ut on a di66erent user distri1ution can give di66erent results 6or DLA$L service availa1ilities
'olution:
to average the results o6 several simulations (statistical e66ect" to 1e closer to the realit7
*ther
interest o6 tra66ic simulation
'ome tra66ic simulation ouputs (that are DL (po er" and $L load 6actors per cell" can 1e used as in06 ! for CPIC. Ec2Io and D92U9 !ervice covera%e 0redic ion! (see `/4,4,"4
/ < / < 152

,4/4, Limitation o6 tra66ic simulation
/ < / < 15"

+ Lin! =udget (in $plin!"
/ < / < 15(

+4/ 'ession presentation

*12ective: to 1e a1le to calculate the cell range 6or a given service 17 doing a lin! 1udget in $L4 to 1e a1le to descri1e the t7pical $%&' radio e66ects in $L4
/ < / < 155

+4: %ain characteristics

%o1iles
UPLBN> Ana%(sis
transmit on same 6re8uenc7 simultaneousl7 *ther $Es inter6ere '7stem is inter6erence limited to Po er 0ontrol instructions9 %o1iles ad2ust their po er to:
Achieve target 0A. *vercome Pathloss (impacted 17 distance" *vercome .nter6erence (impacted 17 &ra66ic"
/nterference .erceived by user 1 -otal /nterference P Node1* @-*
As7nchronous
According
-ransmit .ower .1
.nter6erence
(.intra and .eLtra" is independent o6 $EsP locations
-ransmit .ower .i -ransmit .ower .9
-ransmit .ower .2
/ < / < 156

+4D %ain concepts
UPLBN> Ana%(sis
Lin!
=udget is per6ormed 6or one mo1ile located at cell edge (6or each service" transmitting at maL po er inter6erence (.ntra-cell and eLtra-cell" perceived 17 this $E is calculated @ Node-=9 including the entire tra66ic miL (&ra66ic %odel" is a shared resource
&he
.nter6erence
UPLBN> Ana%(sis is an MAPL ana%(sis
27.& 2a "# transmit .ower Re!uired Received 3ignal cell radius
/ < / < 15*

+4, Lin! 1udget
UPLBN> Ana%(sis
$L lin! 1udget ela1orated 6or user o6 service ! at cell edge transmitting at maLimum po er
"plin% .ath
Transmit Power
Losses and Mar#ins
Gains
Recei8er Sensiti8it(
Bnter erence
G MAPL
2a imu m 7llowable .ath &oss
"# -ransmit power (21 or 2Cd*m)
)erived from #b;No .enetration &oss Node1* 7ntenna :ain performance (outdoor;indoor) "# 7ntenna :ain s 3hadowing margin (including 30< :ain) 4ast 4ading 2argin
/ < / < 15+
4eeder losses
/nterference 2argin (depends on cell load)
*ody &oss
+4+ ELample 6or one service

Den!e Ur/an
Service Bi -a e !1ps Tar%e E/2No d= Tar%e C2I d= Node3B Noi!e 'i%6re d= S0eec# /:4: ,4D -:(4) :4+ -/:-4D /T (4, (4, D ( ;+O T4( T4,4( /4) :( -+O ,4,4+ :/ ( 1"111 016" 3+015 -T;4/ /D(
$sed 6or sensitivit7 calculation E8uipment dependent 0alculated 6rom a1ove 6igures
Node3B Sen!i ivi & d=m ,n enna Gain Ca/le I Connec or 9o!!e! Ca/le I Connec or 9o!!e! $i # TM, Bod& 9o!! ,ddi ional 9o!!e! Cell ,rea Covera%e Pro/a/ili & ;6 door S#ado$in% S andard Devia ion ;6 door S#ado$in% Mar%in S.; Gain 'a! 'adin% Mar%in Pene ra ion Mar%in Cell 9oad Noi!e -i!e In erference Mar%in d=i d= d= d= d= O d= d= d= d= d= O d= d=
UE Ma> Tran!mi Po$er d=m UE ,n enna Gain d=i M,P9 $i #o6 TM, d= Cell -an%e $i #o6 TM, !m -NP De!i%n 9evel 7CPIC. -SCP8 d=m ,cce0 ance 9evel 7CPIC. -SCP8 d=m N!i e! $i #o6 TM, 'ites
/ < / < 159
+4- E1ANo and 0A.

E/2No Relation
ith 0A.
C1B
2espreadin# .: =
ChipRate "ser*itRate
2ecoder
E!1No
(C;/)
target
5 (#b;No) target 1 .rocessing :ain
,in d.-
E1ANo target depends on: &arget 8ualit7 eLpressed in =LER Radio 1earer service (1it rate9 codingX" %ultipath channel considered and mo1ile speed (eg4 UehA D!mAh9 UehA +(!mAh"
Radio 6eatures (RLDiv on $L9 &LDiv on DL9X" Derived 6rom lin! level simulations and e8uipment measurements
/ < / < 160
+4) Receiver sensitivit7
-eceiver
Sen!i ivi & %inimum re8uired signal level to reach a given 8ualit7 (0A. target" hen 6acing onl7 thermal noise in d* Reference 3ensitivity 5 (C;/) %8N4 8 10log(NthQ) in d*m
and (C;/) %5 (#b;N0)% 1 .:
5 N4 810log(Nth)8 (#b;N0)% 8 10log(R%)

Ser8ice dependent
Chere: Nth &hermal Noise densit79 /(log(Nth" N-/), d=mAK@ (E1AN("! : 'ervice ! target E1ANo R!: 'ervice ! 1it rate N#: Node-= Noise 6igure in d=
/ < / < 161
+4T ELercise
0ompute Node-= sensitivit7 in Ueh A D!mAh

6or speech /:4:!1ps @ /O =LER #or 0'-, @ (4+O =LER
/ < / < 162

+4; ELercise
0ompute Node-= sensitivit7 in Ueh A D!mAh

6or speech /:4:!1ps @ /O =LER #or 0'-, @ (4+O =LER
ELample o6 e8uipment parameter values:

&7pical Node-= Noise #igure: :4+d= @ :BK@ E1ANo 6igures: ,4; d= 6or speech9 D4(d= 6or 0'-,
/ < / < 16"

+4/( ELample 6or one service

Den!e Ur/an
&7pical gain o6 &ri-sectored antenna9 depends on 6re8uenc7 1and Depends on 6eeder t7pe and length an 6re8uenc7 1and
Dd= 1od7 loss hen speech usage ($E near head"9 (d= 1old7 loss hen data usage
#or an7 additional losses that could 1e introduced (eg dipleLer"
/ < / < 16(
+4/( ELample 6or one service 3cont45

Den!e Ur/an
/ < / < 165
Depends on $E 0lass
+4// $E transmit po er
UE ran!mi 0o$er
Depends on $E po er class &7picall7 :/ or :,d=m output po er ith (d=i antenna gain As 6ar as one t7pe o6 :/d=m terminal is o66ered 17 the operator9 the net or! should 1e dimensioned 6or :/d=m output po er Even i6 :,d=m $Es are used9 :/d=m should 1e considered 6or speech (net or! parameter limiting the transmit po er 6or speech to :/d=m" 1ut :,d=m 6or other data services4
/ < / < 166

+4/: ELample 6or one service

Den!e Ur/an
Depends on depth o6 coverage (e4g4 deep indoor9 indoor da7light9 outdoor"4 Also accounts 6or the indoor shado ing margin A single shado ing standard deviation is considered
/ < / < 16*
+4/D Penetration margin

Penetration margin
Depends on indoor coverage level (deep indoor9 indoor da7light9 outdoor" De6ined as a mean value M shado ing margin &7pical mean M shado ing margin values @ :BK@:
Dense ur1an: :(d= $r1an: /)d= 'u1ur1an: /,d= .ncar: Td=
/ < / < 16+

+4/D Penetration margin 3cont45

Im0ac of freA6enc& on Pene ra ion mar%in
:d= lo er penetration margins are considered at T+(A;((%K@
Penetration margins depend on all materials 'ome measurements sho ed around Dd= lo er penetration margins at ;((%K@ vs :BK@
I!le of Man mea!6remen !

/ < / < 169
NIST mea!6remen !
+4/, ELample 6or one service

Den!e Ur/an
0ell area coverage pro1a1ilit7 di66erent 6rom cell edge coverage pro1a1ilit7
'hado ing margin due to the outdoor shado ing standard deviation (eLcluding the 'K* gain" 'o6t Kando66 Bain that is achieva1le 6or the given shado ing standard deviation
/ < / < 1*0
+4/+ 'hado ing margin

S#ado$in% 'hado
mar%in
ing:
'lo 6ading signal level variations due to o1stacles %odelled (in d=" as a Baussian varia1le ith @ero-mean and standard deviation depending on the environment
.mpact
on lin! 1udget :
&a!e a margin to ensure the received signal is ell received (a1ove re8uired sensitivit7" ith a given pro1a1ilit7 (e4g4 in ;+O o6 the cell" 0omputation as in B'%4 Ko ever9 in $%&'9 a mo1ile at cell edge is li!el7 to 1e in so6t-handover ('K*"4 .n that case9 the 1est-received signal ill 1e considered4 'o there is a 'K* gain: it is more unli!el7 to have a large attenuation 6or all lin!s at the same time than 6or onl7 one lin!4
/ < / < 1*1

+4/+ 'hado ing margin 3cont45
'hado ing margin including 'K* gain:

Depends on
'hado ing standard deviation Area coverage pro1a1ilit7 Pathloss eLponent F: (Kata: F/MF:log R" Num1er o6 'K* legs 0orrelation 1et een shado ing o6 di66erent legs
Same carr%er
'S1
'S2
'rea coverage pro,a,%&%ty
UF Shadow%ng marg%n (dB" UF Shadow%ng marg%n (dB" (no S-0" (S-0: 8 &egs" 56 58 5 12 56 58 5 12
528 323 )21 524 1426 1020 321 026 42) 221 )25 624
85 9 80 9
/ < / < 1*2

+4/- ELample 6or one service
#ast 6ading margin Also !no n as abPo er 0ontrol Keadroombc
/ < / < 1*"

+4/) #ast 6ading margin

'a!
'adin% 7-a&lei%#8 mar%in #ast 6ading:

#ast 6ading signal level variations due to multi-paths ( ith di66erent dela7s and amplitudes" %odelled 17 superposition o6 mutiple paths ith Ra7leigh distri1ution
$%&'
#ast Po er control:
&he $%&' s7stem tries to 6ight against 6ast 6ading ith 6ast po er control (ever7 (4---ms" Chen the mo1ile transmits at its maLimum po er9 it ill not 1e a1le to compensate 6or 6ast 6ading due to this po er limitation Po er control is not an7more e66icient at cell edge: the per6ormance at cell edge 1ecomes close to the one ithout po er control
/ < / < 1*(


4ece%ved 3ower at Node.B (dBm"
+4/) #ast 6ading margin 3cont45
Im0ac of 0o$er con rol?

#ight the 6ading dips
0 1000 2000 3000
S&ot Num,er ():CCC ms"
25
20
6a7t -a&23g 7a89:e7 /&'1 )ra3782t 9o;er /&'81
#or slo -moving mo1iles9 Po er control is e66icient and ill compensate the
15
3ower (dBm" 7ast fad%ng va&ues (dB"
10
6ading
-5
-10
-15
-20 0 1000 2000 3000
S&ot Num,er ():CCC ms"
/ < / < 1*5

.mpact on lin! 1udget:

'ensitivit7 as calculated 6or E1ANo ith po er control A margin must 1e considered to compensate po er control per6ormance degradation at cell edge : this is the 6ast 6ading margin also sometimes called HPo er 0ontrol headroomI
#b #b 4astAfadin gAmargin = N N 0 .C off 0 .C on

Note that macrodiversit7 due to so6t hando66 at cell edge decreases the 6ast 6ading margin (less received po er variation due to selection com1ining o6 the di66erent lin!s involved in 'K*"
/ < / < 1*6

Depends on:
1 0,1 BF64 0,01 0,001 0,0001 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 4e<u%red 6,/No (dB"
2orpho1structure
<2t=o!t 9o;er >o3tro: <2t= 9o;er >o3tro:
0hannel model (Uehicular9 Pedestrian" 'peed =LER service target
'AST 'A2BNG MARGBN ,2.- 'HR SEFERAL TARGET .LER 1011 1012 1$B 1019 2$+ 101C 9$9
FE7BCULAR A 3>M17
'or 'or medium medium to to $i#$ $i#$ speeds speeds t$e t$e mar#in mar#in is is equa% equa% to to +ero +ero !ecause !ecause t$e t$e power power contro% contro% is is no no more more e icient e icient
,2ENSE UR.AN3 UR.ANFE7BCULAR A ?4 >M17 ,RURAL- HR )*4>M17
0$6
/ < / < 1**

+4/T ELample 6or one service

Den!e Ur/an
&he sensitivit7 is calculated 6or noise level onl74 A margin must 1e considered 6or inter6erence a1ove noise: in erference mar%in #or a 6iLed cell load o6 -+O9 the noise rise is ,4-d= Kere a 6iLed cell load approach is considered4 An iterative cell load approach can alternativel7 1e considered i4e4 computing the cell load corresponding the tra66ic miL captured ithin the cell &he cell load contri1ution o6 the considered service is su1tracted 6rom the noise rise (in this case the contri1ution is ver7 small"
/ < / < 1*+
+4/; 0ell load and noise rise
Noise Rise ,d.-
Cell load and Noi!e ri!e =7 de6inition9 cell load and total inter6erence rise (Hnoise riseI" are lin!ed: %total itotA d. = 10 log 1 0 = 10 log (1 /U- ) o here $total is the total received po er at the node = (including the use6ul signal 0! " &he inter6erence rise includes 90 the use6ul signal 2+ -R it is not the noise rise 20 perceived 17 a userd
1+ 10 + 0 0 10 20 90 C0 +0 60 B0 E0 D0 100 +0N cell load 9d* Noise Rise
Ce%% Load ,I-
/ < / < 1*9

+4:( .nter6erence margin
&he inter6erence rise perceived 17 a user o6 service ! to 1e added to the %APL calculation is then e8ual to :
%total $2 %total %total i0 d. = 10 log = 10 log 10 log 1 o0 1o 0 %total $2 $ = 10 log(1 /U- ) 10 log 1 + % 2
Numerical
io!" = itot : !" k
"& cell load, depend on number of users in the cell
ELample 6or a P' /:T user ith -/:d= target 0A. in a cell loaded at +(O: i N Dd= - (4:d= N :4T d=
, is negligible for low data rate services, but significant for high data rate servicesR
/ < / < 1+0
+4:/ ELample 6or one service

Den!e Ur/an
&he cell range depends on the propagation model
C;ST32"1 Pro0a%a ion Model 'reA6enc& Node3B ,n enna .ei%# UE ,n enna .ei%# Mor0#o Correc ion 'ac or UE Correc ion 'ac or N1 N2 /;:( %K@ :+4( m /4+ m ( -(4(((; d= /DT4D d= D+4) d=
/ < / < 1+1
+4:: Propagation model
0ell range calculation assuming a Kata-li!e model 6or the attenuation MAPL G >)J>* %o# ,RQhere' @1' 1%m path loss @2' .ath loss e ponent "se the correction factors corresponding to the pro,ect country;towns (calibration campaign)
/ < / < 1+2
+4:D ELtension to multi-service

Den!e Ur/an
Service Bi -a e !1ps Tar%e E/2No d= Tar%e C2I d= Node3B Noi!e 'i%6re d= S0eec# /:4: ,4D -:(4) :4+ -/:-4D /T (4, (4, D ( ;+O T4( T4,4( /4) :( -+O ,4,4+ :/ ( 1"111 016" 3+015 -T;4/ /D( CS6( -, /4+ -/-4D :4+ -/:/4; /T (4, (4, ( ( ;+O T4( T4,4( : :( -+O ,4,4+ :/ ( 1291( 015* 3*+1+ -T)4+ /-/ PS6( -, /4, -/-4, :4+ -/::4( /T (4, (4, ( ( ;+O T4( T4,4( /4) :( -+O ,4,4+ :/ ( 1291+ 015+ 3*912 -T)4; /+D PS6( I .SDP, -, :4D -/+4+ :4+ -/:/4/ /T (4, (4, ( ( ;+O T4( T4,4( /4) :( -+O ,4,4, :, ( 1"119 0166 3+11" -;(4( //)
Di66erent 1it rates Di66erent E1ANos
Di66erent sensitivities &otal inter6erence calculated 6or all the su1s and services Di66erent levels o6 inter6erence margin Di66erent %APL and cell ranges: the most constraining offered service ill de6ine the cell range
/ < / < 1+"
+4:D ELtension to multi-service 3cont45

Cell -an%e in m6l i!ervice
Depends on the 1it rate to 1e guaranteed at cell edge Benerall7 -, or /:T !1ps on uplin! DT, !1ps can 1e o66ered in the cell ith 1it rate do ngrade at cell edge
'o the DT, !1ps cell range should not 1e considered as the limiting cell range unless the operator eLplicitel7 re8uires DT,!1ps at cell edge
0onsider the most limiting service to derive the cell range

e4g4 6or the previous lin! 1udget eLample
the 0'-, service is the limiting one
/ < / < 1+(

+4:, .mpact o6 &%A

TM,
also called %ast Kead Ampli6ier (%KA"
7ntenna
Iertical .olarisation
Im0ac
on lin@ /6d%e
)uple er &N7 )uple er
Sumper Cable
)ual TMA
)uple er &N7 )uple er
'lightl7 Reduce the glo1al Noise #igure 0ompensate the ca1le losses
(4,d= insertion losses
$sage
4eeder
recommended for U9 covera%e3limi ed !cenario!
-K ; RK
Sumper Cable
-Kdiv ; RKdiv
Node;.
/ < / < 1+5

+4:, .mpact o6 &%A 3cont45
4riis formula to compute the overall noise figure of the receiver chain with -27'
&7pical gain on uplin! lin! 1udget (%acro site":

21*dB %ain 6or sites ith Dd= ca1le losses D4+ d= gain 6or sites ith ,d= ca1le losses
no% rall = n$MA +

n l m nt = 10
nf
!r
g$MA
n 1 + No! " g$MA g f ! r

# l m nt 10
NF l m nt 10
g l m nt = 10
Qith
and
&7pical gain on uplin! lin! 1udget (RRK site":

01"dB %ain 6or sites ith (4,d= ca1le losses Note: &%A should not 1e considered 6or RRK sites
Qhere N4feeder 51:feeder 54eeder &osses -ypical -27 characteristics' N4-27 52 d* d* :-27 512
/nsertion losses 5 0$Cd*
/ < / < 1+6

+4:, .mpact o6 &%A 3cont45

Den!e Ur/an
Service Bi -a e !1ps Tar%e E/2No d= Tar%e C2I d= Node3B Noi!e 'i%6re Node3B Noi!e 'i%6re $i # TM, d= d= S0eec# /:4: ,4D -:(4) :4+ :4, -/:-4D -/:-4, /T D4( (4, D ( ;+O T4( T4,4( /4) :( -+O ,4,4+ :/ ( 12+15 015" /T: 1"111 016" /:; CS6( -, /4+ -/-4D :4+ :4, -/:/4; -/::4( /T D (4, ( ( ;+O T4( T4,4( : :( -+O ,4,4+ :/ ( 1261+ 01(+ ::+ 12915 015* /+; PS6( -, /4, -/-4, :4+ :4, -/::4( -/::4/ /T D (4, ( ( ;+O T4( T4,4( /4) :( -+O ,4,4+ :/ ( 12*12 01(9 :/, 12919 015+ /+/ PS6( I .SDP, -, :4D -/+4+ :4+ :4, -/:/4/ -/:/4: /T D (4, ( ( ;+O T4( T4,4( /4) :( -+O ,4,4, :, ( 1291" 0156 /-D 1"210 016* //-
Reduced Noise 6igure (1ased on #riis 6ormula" No ca1le losses 1ut (4,d= &%A insertion losses
Node3B Sen!i ivi & d=m Node3B Sen!i ivi & $i # TM, d=m ,n enna Gain Ca/le I Connec or 9o!!e! Ca/le I Connec or 9o!!e! $i # TM, Bod& 9o!! ,ddi ional 9o!!e! Cell ,rea Covera%e Pro/a/ili & ;6 door S#ado$in% S andard Devia ion ;6 door S#ado$in% Mar%in S.; Gain 'a! 'adin% Mar%in Pene ra ion Mar%in Cell 9oad Noi!e -i!e In erference Mar%in d=i d= d= d= d= O d= d= d= d= d= O d= d=
Around :4)d= gain on %APL 6or sites ith Dd= ca1le losses
UE Ma> Tran!mi Po$er d=m UE ,n enna Gain d=i M,P9 $i #o6 TM, d= Cell -an%e $i #o6 TM, !m N!i e! $i #o6 TM, 'ites M,P9 $i # TM, d= Cell -an%e $i # TM, !m N!i e! $i # TM, 'ites
,ro6nd 2+M le!! !i e! #an@! o TM,
/ < / < 1+*

+4:+ .mpact o6 RRK

U0lin@ -emo /
I Do$nlin@ 'ea 6re e -adio .ead (RRK" on lin! 1udget
sector9 up to D carriers No 6eeder losses on $L V DL Kigher output po er @ antenna connector than classical macro Node-=
.mpact
0onnection
1et een remote and local part is optical (maL _/(-:( !m"
;0 ical 'i/re .u1
/ < / < 1++

+4:+ .mpact o6 RRK 3cont45

Cith RRK 'ame &7pical Noise #igure
Lo er ca1le losses depending on RRK location
'rom 2" o 29M le!! !i e! #an@! o --.
/ < / < 1+9

+4:- Relation 1et een num1er o6 users and cell load

Cell load accordin% o ca0 6red raffic Assuming per6ect po er control and uni6orm cell loading
UPLBN> Ana%(sis
1ser3 ( $% ) 4 ( $% ) 2 $2 $ $2 = $%total %intra = 14$ $%total = 1 + ( $% ) 2 1 + ( $% ) 4 % 2 %total $2 4=1
As
%e/tra = ! $ %intra
<C/4 factor
'tra
) total = N 0 2( + ) int ra + ) = N 0 2( 1 'U&
2ulti 1 3ervice Cell &oad
Note' C;/ in non1logarithmic values
(C) ) * 'U& = (1 + f )2 N * 2 1+ ( C ) ) * * =1
Ns
r%
*ther 0ell .nter6erence #actor (*0.#"

/ < / < 190
+4:) $plin! 6actor 6
UPLBN> Ana%(sis
*ther 0ell .nter6erence #actor (*0.#" is de6ined as
6 is derived 6rom '7stem Level simulations (monte-carlo li!e or d7namic simulations" Ualues are depending on parameters such as:
Environment (dense ur1an9 ur1anX"
propagation Pathloss coe66icient shado ing standard deviation
f = e'tr" ; intr"
#ast 6ading (transmit po er raise" 'o6t-handover conditions 'ectori@ation
4T&E 'CELL INTE 5E ENCE 5!CT4
Mor9=o-7tr!>t!re
DENSE U B!N U B!N SUBU B!N U !L
6/ 63 67 6 ,. 6 ,1
0268 0268 0211 0210
021) 021) 0218 02)8
02)4 02)4 02)6 02)8
02)1 02)1 02)8 0283
0283 0283 0285 1200
.mpact on capacit7 and cell load calculations
/ < / < 191

+4:T $plin! cell load interpretation

.n %ono-'ervice
Pole capacit7 (/((O cell load" : theoretical uplin! capacit7 limit
/ 1 14 = U- 1 + 1+ ! ( $ ; %) 4
UPLBN> Ana%(sis
/U- = 1
pole ) 1( 4
1 1 = 1+ (1 + ! )$ ( $ ; %) 4
0ell Load : proportion o6 users according to pole capacit7
/U- =
14
pole ) 1( 4
.n %ulti 'ervice9 an e8uivalent relationship can 1e derived

4 = 14 1 where 1 = 1 4
(pole ) 1+i/ =
/ 1$( 4 $ 4 ) = U1+ ! 4=1
1ser3
(1 + ! )$ 4 $ 4
4=1
1ser3
/U- =
1+i/
(pole ) 1+i/
Note: the repartition o6 users o6 the services has to 1e !no nd
/ < / < 192

+4:; ELample
0ompute the cell load generated 17 one user per cell o6 each service:
'peech /:4:!1ps9 0A.N-:( d= 0' -,9 0A.N -/+ d= P' /:T9 0A.N -/: d= # 6actor N (4T e
Ko man7 simultaneous speech users (speech onl7 tra66ic miL" can support 6or a +(O cell load and 6or a )+O cell load[
/ < / < 19"

+4:; ELample 3cont45

0ompute the cell load generated 17 one user per cell o6 each service:
'peech /:4:!1ps9 0A.N-:( d= 3O 1M 0' -,9 0A.N -/+ d= 3O "M P' /:T9 0A.N -/: d= 3O 6M &o 1e multiplied 17 /4T (to consider eLtracell inter6erence" :/4)+O9 +4TO9/(4DO per user Ko man7 simultaneous speech users (speech onl7 tra66ic miL" can support 6or a +(O cell load and 6or a )+O cell load[ +(O 3O +(OA /4)+O N 29 !im6l aneo6!l& ac ive 6!er! )+O 3O )+OA /4)+O N (" !im6l aneo6!l& ac ive 6!er! e
/ < / < 19(

+4D( Numerical eLample

E>am0le? %iL o6 D services
'peech /:4:!1ps9 0A.N-/;4) d= 0' -,9 0A.N -/+4: d= P' /:T9 0A.N -/D4: d=
1ser3
UPLBN> Ana%(sis
($% ) 4 /U- = (1 + ! )$ 14 $ 1 + ($% ) 4 # 6actor N4= (4T 1
3peech 12$2 C3 6C .3 12E
1 0 0 )"6I )*"*
Num!er o 0 1 0 ?"3I &0
simu%taneous acti8e users per sector 0 26 1+ 12 0 0 0 C 2 0 1 0 0 2 6 Ce%% %oad /"3I ?4I ?4I ?4I ?4I T$rou#$put ,k!ps1sector)*/ 3)@"* 036 ?/?"* @&/
Differen com/ina ion! of 6!er! lead o #e !ame cell load , !ame cell load can lead o differen #ro6%#06 ! 7ca0aci &8
/ < / < 195

+4D/ .nteraction
ith tra66ic modelling stage
UPLBN> Ana%(sis
&he tra66ic modeling stage ena1les to assess the variation o6 the num1er o6 simultaneous users o6 each service according to tra66ic intensit7 and tra66ic miL inputs &han!s to the relationship 1et een cell load and the num1er o6 simultaneous users o6 each9 the variation o6 the uplin! cell load according to tra66ic inputs is there6ore ta!en into account &he pea! cell load satis67ing the Bo' can there6ore 1e derived 17 the tra66ic model and converged ith the lin! 1udget anal7sis (iterative process"
4or each service'
=7verage traffic intensity at busy hour

Traffic Model
($% ) 4 =/ndividual contribution to cell load(1 + ! )$ 1 + ($% ) 4

/ < / < 196
=:rade of service (bloc%ing,delay)
K"&
+4D: Needs 6or iterative process

&han!s to tra66ic densit7
UPLBN> Ana%(sis
0overage and capacit7 trade-o66
Need Need of of an an Cell Range iterati8e iterati8e process process between between tra tra ic ic ana%(sis ana%(sis
&han!s to Lin! 1udget
2ulti1service -raffic in the cell
? ? %ink %ink !ud#et !ud#et ana%(sis ana%(sis /nterference

Under! andin% #e ne $or@ /e#avio6r allo$! a /e er ailored ne $or@
&han!s to capacit7 6ormula
/ < / < 19*

+4DD .nterest o6 iterative process
UPLBN> Ana%(sis
Networ% 3i(ed by 'i=in# Ce%% load to an arbitrary constant 8a%ue (e$g$ +0N 5 9d*) in UL )oes not Re %ect real Network E8o%ution3 does not run -raffic forecasts )oes not allow to set up optimised and customised Networ% dep%o(ment strate#(
+1+ +00 Ce%% Ran#e ,mCB+ C+0 C2+ C00

4eature adding 4i ed Cell load Cell Range
Coverage 0oles
.hase 9 .hase C
.hase 1
.hase 2
Ro%%out P$ases
T#erefore4 I era ive M6l i3!ervice 9in@ B6d%e i! reA6ired

/ < / < 19+
+4D, .terative process
UPLBN> Ana%(sis
7ssume an interference level of /0 Compute cell range through lin% budget calculation 7pply -raffic 2odel to captured traffic with this cell range ' deduce /calc No, ad,ust /o /calc 5 /0 L UL Radius
limiting one of all services radii
%nowing nb of sub;s!%m per service and the >o3 re!uired per service Traffic Model
Tes
/ < / < 199

+4D+ Uisualising the iterative process
UPLBN> Ana%(sis
)ota: 3ter-ere3>e /+1 a"o4e %o27e +27e /&'1
1E 16 1C 12 10 E 6 C 2 0 0 0$2 0$C 0$6 Ce:: ra3ge /?81

*23? '!&get C!r4e7 MHST LBMBTBNG SERFBCE Ser42>e 1 Ser42>e 2 /+1 a>>or&23g to tra--2> (e372ty
BTERATBHNS
0$E
/ < / < 200

+4D+ Uisualising the iterative process 3cont45
UPLBN> Ana%(sis
1E )ota: 3ter-ere3>e /+1 a"o4e %o27e +27e /&'1 16 1C 12 10 E 6 C 2 0 0 0$2 0$C 0$6 Ce:: ra3ge /?81
*23? '!&get C!r4e7 Ser42>e 1 Ser42>e 2 /+1 -or H2g= tra--2> (e372ty
/mpact of traffic density assumptions
/+1 -or *o; tra--2> (e372ty
0$E
/ < / < 201

+4D- 'ummar7
UPLBN> Ana%(sis
M6l
i3!ervice 9in@ B6d%e is re8uired in $%&' 6or $plin! Anal7sis $plin! Anal7sis is a conventional M,P9 anal&!i! Lin! =udget is per6ormed 6or one user o6 each service located at cell edge .nter6erence perceived 17 this user is generated 17 all the mo1iles in the cell and all the services &he lin! 1udget can 1e derived 6or a fi>ed in erference mar%in (t7picall7 +( to )+O cell load" or 6or the inter6erence margin corresponding to the tra66ic captured ithin the cell (derived 6rom an i era ive process" &he shared resource in $plin! is the .nter6erence (related to cell loading" &he pea! inter6erence is calculated ith a multi-service tra66ic model
/ < / < 202

/ < / < 20"

- =asic Radio Net or! Parameter De6inition
/ < / < 20(

- =asic Radio Net or! Parameter De6inition
-4/ 'ession presentation

*12ective:
to 1e a1le to de6ine the 1asic radio net or! parameters (neigh1orhood planning and code planning parameters"
/ < / < 205

-4/4/ Neigh1orhood planning

*12ective: to 1e a1le to descri1e the criteria and methods used to per6orm neigh1orhood planning4
/ < / < 206

-4/4/4/ *vervie
&he purpose o6 neigh1orhood planning is to de6ine a neighbor set (or monitored set" 6or each cell o6 the planning areas
&he neighbor set is 1roadcasted in each cell in the P-00P0K and can there6ore 1e accessed 17 each $E Each $E monitors the neighbor set to prepare a possi1le cell re-selection or handover &he neighbor set ma7 contain:
.ntra-6re8uenc7 neigh1or list : cells on the same $%&' carrier .nter-6re8uenc7 neigh1or list: cells on other $%&' carrier .nter-s7stem neigh1or lists: 6or each neigh1oring PL%N a separate list is needed4
Note: it is N*& the aim o6 neigh1orhood planning to de6ine a ran!ing o6 the cells inside the neighbor set4 &his ran!ing is per6ormed 17 the $E using $E measurements and criteria de6ined 17 $&RAN radio algorithms4
&he neigh1orhood planning pla7s a !e7 role in $%&'4 .ndeed9 as $%&' is strongl7 inter6erence limited9 a rong neigh1ors plan ill 1ring inter6erence increase and there6ore capacit7 decrease4
e4g4 i6 a possi1le so6t handover candidate is not selected9 1ecause it is not in the neigh1or list9 it is 6ull7 or!ing as HPilot PolluterI
/ < / < 20*

-4/4/4: 0riteria and methods
0riteria: LetPs consider one cell (called cell A"4 *ne or several o6 the 6ollo ing criteria can 1e used to decide to ta!e a candidate cell as neigh1or o6 cell A :
the distance 1et een cell A and the candidate cell is less than a given maLimum inter-site distance4 the overlap area 1et een cell A and the candidate cell is more than a given minimum value4
Note: overlap area 1et een cell A and cell = N intersection 1et een ' A and '=9 'A3!m:5Narea here

ith
'=3!m:5Narea

(0P.0K R'0P"cellA and (0P.0K EcA.o"cellA 1etter than given minimum values (0P.0K EcA.o"cell A is the 1est (0P.0K R'0P"cell= 1etter than given minimum value (0P.0K EcA.o"cell =R(0P.0K EcA.o"cell A W (a given margin"
here
the candidate cell is a co-site cell (Ncell o6 the same Node="4 cell A is neigh1or o6 the candidate cell (neigh1or s7mmetr7"4 manuall7 (not possi1le to consider the overlap area criterion" ith an RNP tool see eLample ith ;;++ tool on neLt slides
/ < / < 20+
%ethods:

-4/4/4D Automatic neigh1orhood allocation

'tep/:
ith ;;++
enter input parameters

T&0ical val6e -/(+ d=m -/+ d= , d= 'elected 'elected parameters used 6or overlap area criterion co-site cellsNcells o6 the same Node= e4g4 i6 cell A is neigh1or o6 cell =9 cell = ill 1e neigh1or o6 cell A Commen
Nei%#/or#ood 0arame er! 'ignal level (pilot" %inimum 0P.0K EcA.o EcA.o margin #orce co-site as neigh1ors #orce ad2acent cells as neigh1ors #orce s7mmetr7 #orce eLceptional pairs Reset neigh1ors
/ < / < 209
#orce reciprocit7 o6 a neigh1ourhood No speci6ic recommendation lin!4 #orce 6or1id some neigh1ourhood No speci6ic recommendation relationship de6ined 17 the user No speci6ic recommendation i6 selected all the eListing neigh1ours are deleted 1e6ore computation4
-4/4/4D Automatic neigh1orhood allocation
ith ;;++ 3cont45
'tep::
6or each cell9 ;;++ RNP tool calculates the neigh1or list as 6ollo s
i6 H#orce co-site cells as neigh1orsNYesI9 co-sites cells are ta!en 6irst in the neigh1or list4 cells hich 6ul6ill the 6ollo ing criteria are ta!en in the neigh1or list:
the maLimum inter-site distance criterion the overlap area criterion Note: i6 the maLimum num1er o6 neigh1ors in the list is eLceeded9 onl7 the cells the largest overlap area are !ept4
ith
i6 H#orce neigh1or s7mmetr7INYes9 cells ith a neigh1or s7mmetr7 are ta!en in the neigh1or list9 under the condition that the maLimum num1er o6 neigh1ors has not alread7 1een eLceeded4
/ < / < 210

-4/4: 'cram1ling code planning

*12ective: to 1e a1le to descri1e the criteria and the methods used to per6orm the scram1ling code planning
/ < / < 211

-4/4:4/ *vervie
'cram1ling code planning in $%&' #DD is similar to 6re8uenc7 planning in B'%4 Ko ever it is not such a !e7 per6ormance 6actor:
it concerns onl7 DL scram1ling code (channeli@ation codes and $L scram1ling codes are automaticall7 assigned 17 the RN0" .n contrast to 6re8uenc7 planning9 it is not crucial hich scram1ling codes are allocated to neigh1ors as long as the7 are not the same code4
/ < / < 212

-4/4:4: DL scram1ling code planning
DL scram1ling codes:
used to separate cells restricted to +/: (primar7" scram1ling codes (eas7 planning"
0riteria:
the reuse distance 1et een t o cells using the same scram1ling code inside one 6re8uenc7 shall 1e higher than , L inter-site distance (pre6era1le" the same scram1ling code should not 1e used in t o cells o6 the same sector
%ethods
manuall7 ith a RNP tool (see see eLample ith ;;++ tool on neLt slide"
/ < / < 21"

-4/4:4: DL scram1ling code planning 3cont45

%ethod ith a RNP tool:
Note: Neigh1orhood planning must 1e per6ormed 1e6ore per6orming scram1ling code planning9 1ecause neigh1orhood relationships are used in the 6ollo ing method4 /4 :4 D4 ,4 +4 de6ine the set o6 allo ed codes 6or each cell (there can 1e some restrictions 6or cells at countr7 1orders" (optional" de6ine the set o6 allo ed codes per domain (one domain per 6re8uenc7" de6ine the minimum reuse distance de6ine 6or1idden pairs (6or !no n pro1lems 1et een t o cells" run automatic code allocation and chec! consistenc7
;;++ assigns di66erent primar7 scram1ling codes to a given cell i and to its neigh1ors4 #or a cell 2 hich is not neigh1or o6 the cell i9 ;;++ gives it a di66erent code:

.6 the distance 1et een 1oth cells is lo er than the manuall7 set minimum reuse distance9 .6 the cell i A 2 pair is 6or1idden (!no n pro1lems 1et een cell i and cell 2"4
;;++ allocates scram1ling codes starting ith the most constrained cell and ending ith the lo est constrained one4 &he cell constraint level depends on its num1er o6 neigh1ors and hether the cell is neigh1or o6 other cells4
/ < / < 21(

-4/4:4D De6inition o6 $L scram1ling code pool 6or RN0
$L scram1ling codes:
used to separate $Es more than one million o6 codes availa1le (ver7 eas7 planning" : di66erent $Es mustnPt have the same code (inside one 6re8uenc7"
0riterion 6or de6inition o6 $L scram1ling code pools: : RN0 mustnPt have the same scram1ling code in their pool %ethod: each RN0 is assigned manuall7 a uni8ue pool o6 codes (e4g4 ,(;- codes in R:"
Note: hen a $E per6orms a connection esta1lishment to $&RAN (RR0 connection"9 the 'erving RN0 ill assigned d7namicall7 an $L scram1ling code out o6 its pool to the $E4 &he code is released a6ter RR0 connection release4
/ < / < 215

) Deltas and %odi6ications
/ < / < 216

)4/ 'ession presentation

*12ective:
to 1e a1le to distinguish between planning parameters of different software releases$
/ < / < 21*

)4/ 'ession presentation
)4/4/ Delta $A+4L W $A- - $A)

*12ective:
Di66erences 1et een so6t are releases $A+4L9 $A- and $A)
/ < / < 21+

)4/4/ Delta $A+4L W $A- - $A)
)4/4/4/ mac-d PD$ si@e management

.n $A+4/9 the 6lag to restrict primar7 cell to DD- 1its (isKsdpa0ellKighPer6ormance in $A-4("4 as as %aL0ellRadius
=asicall79 in $A+4/9 the mac-d PD$ si@e does not change during the call hatever the con6iguration o6 the primar7 cell4 &he di66erence 1et een $A+4/ and $A-4( is the possi1ilit7 to recon6igure the mac-d PD$ si@e during the call4 &his recon6iguration is allo ed in $A-4( i6 the 6lag isKighPer6ormancePdu'i@eRecon6Allo ed is set to &rue4
/ < / < 219

)4/4/ Delta $A+4L W $A- - $A)
)4/4/4: 0S. ad2ustement according to =ler

.n $A+4(9 the purpose o6 the 6eature HK'DPA per6ormance enhancements W 0on6igura1le 0S. ad2ustment according to =LER target algorithmI is to put the parameters o6 this algorithm at the *%0-= so that the operator can tune its =LER target4 .n $A-4(9 the algorithm o6 0S. adlustement according to =ler is 6urther enhanced 17 supporting multiple =LER targets (con6igura1le via *%0-=" and auto selection o6 one o6 these targets depending upon the average 0S. and the $E speed4
/ < / < 220

)4/4/ Delta $A+4L W $A- - $A)
)4/4/4D K'DPA *0N' K'DPA *0N' PR.N0.PLE

*0N' 6or K'DPA (K'DPA-*0N'" simulates virtual K'DPA users on the air inter6ace4 &he main purpose o6 K'DPA-*0N' is to create load in the K'DPA scheduler that ill assign resources 6or virtual (*0N'" users9 and there6ore ill need to schedule these virtual users together ith the real users4 Namel7 load on 1oth K'DPA scheduler and air inter6ace transmit po er can 1e generated 17 K'DPA- *0N'4 &his K'DPA-*0N' 6unctionalit7 ould 1e o6 use in la1 testing 6or measurements and optimi@ation hen testing the K'DPA scheduler ith real users9 particularl7 hen there are limited K'DPA test terminals4 An K'DPA-*0N' setup can 1e re8uested 17 an operator 6rom an user inter6ace in *%0-R C.P' in a similar a7 as in R;; *0N'4 &he re8uest is passed to RN09 hich then repla7 it to Node = and the scheduler ill 6inall7 assign resources 6or the virtual users in K'PDA-*0N'4
*0N'
*rthogonal 0ode Noise 'imulator

/ < / < 221
)4/4/ Delta $A+4L W $A- - $A)
)4/4/4, Activit7#actor0ch

.n $A+4(9 Activit7#actor0ch is hard coded to --O4 .n $A-4(9 Activit7#actor0ch is de6ined 17 the parameter activit7#actor0cch4
/ < / < 222

)4/4/ Delta $A+4L W $A- - $A)
)4/4/4+ %anagement o6 $L po er pro6ile 6or K'DPA calls
.n $A+4/9 the management o6 $L po er pro6ile (lo er 1ound 6or $L '.R &arget" 6or K'DPA calls as handled 17 $A+4/4: HKigh 8ualit7 $L R;; RA= 6or Kigh K'DPA DL data rateI 6eature4 .n $A-9 the management o6 $L po er pro6ile (initial value9 lo er 1ound and upper 1ound 6or $L '.R &arget" 6or K'DPA calls is handled 17 H%anagement o6 $L po er pro6iles depending on hether K'DPA is mapped on the DLI su16eature o6 $A- D,:,- HPo er 0ontrol EnhancementsI 6eature4 H%anagement o6 $L po er pro6ilesXI su1-6eature o6 $A- includes all the 6unctionalities o6 $A+4/ regarding the upper 1ound 6or $L '.R &arget9 and introduces the same concept 6or the initial value and the lo er 1ound
/ < / < 22"

)4/4/ Delta $A+4L W $A- - $A)
)4/4/4- %-==$ 'upport
.n $A-4(9 up to , %-==$ per L0E% 1oard are possi1le4 An L0E% supports onl7 %-==$ t7pe starting ith this release ($A-4("4 Previous $A+4/ con6igurations 1ased on DAKAE-==$s are no more supported 6or the L0E% in $A-4(4 #or details in $A+4/ con6iguration and capacit7 6igures9 please see the appropriate version o6 this document ($A+4/ version"4
/ < / < 22(

)4/4/ Delta $A+4L W $A- - $A)
)4/4/4) %-==$ 'upport
L0E% %-==$ structure
/ < / < 225

)4/4/ Delta $A+4L W $A- - $A)
)4/4/4T L: improvements : 6leLi1le RL0 and %A0-ehs
'upport o6 6leLi1le RL0 PD$ si@es

*vercome RL0 limitations high 1it rates ith -,-SA% and %.%* *vercome $E processing limits (RL0 reassem1l7" 17 using larger RL0 PD$ si@e up to /+(, 17tes
'upport o6 %A0-ehs
.ncreasing the user throughput 17 decreasing %A0-hs padding4 Allo to schedule a $E in ver7 1ad radio conditions hen the %A0-ehs transport 1loc! cannot 6it an RL0 PD$ (than!s to segmentation at %A0-ehs level"
Ena1ler 6or -,-SA% 1ut applica1le to an7 Rel ) $E supporting L:M 'upport on L0E%
=>% S$< =>% P$< *7% -d P$< -=*7% -ehs S$<. *7% -ehs P$<
/ < / < 226
M'C.ehs header
<ser "ylo"d
*7% -d P$< 1
*7% -d P$< 2
*7% -d P$< 3
3ad
=eorderin4 S$< 1
=eorderin4 S$< 2
M'C.ehs
= >%S$ < < ser" ylod
header
= >%P$ < * 7%-d P$< *7 %-dP$ <1 - =*7% -ehs S $<. *7 %-dP$ <2 *7 -dP$% <3
M' .ehsC = eordi n4S$< 2 * 7%-e hs =eor din4S $<1 headr ? P $< he ader =eo rdin4 P$< =e ordein 4P$< 3ad
M'C.e hs
=eorderin4 P$< P$<

=eorderin4 =eorderin4 P$< P$<
)4/4/ Delta $A+4L W $A- - $A)
)4/4/4; %A0-ehs PD$ #ormat (DBPP &' :+4D:/"

-eorderin% SDU B complete %A0-d PD$ or a segment o6 a %A0-d PD$ -eorderin% PDU B one or more Reordering 'D$s o6 the same Priorit7 Sueue (PS" M,C3e#! #eader field! 0re!en 0er reorderin% PDU?
r dh r dh r dh 4FC 3/U 4FC 3/U 4FC 3/U
4FC S/U
6:e@2":e 72Ae 4FC 3/U G M'C.d 3/U
4FC S/U Segmentat%on
TSNi N &ransmission 'e8uence Num1er 6or reordering 'D$i SIi N 'egmentation .ndication 6or reordering 'D$i "GPP limi !? %aL4 :- reord4 'D$s per %A0-ehs PD$
u,
31;
4eorder%ng S/U 4eord. S/U 4eord. S/U 4eord. S/U
r dh
M'C.ehs 3/U
M'C.ehs header
Segmentat%on and Concatenat%on

4eorder%ng 3/U 31; MAC-e=7 P(# 72Ae 7e:e>te& "y 7>=e&!:er M'C.ehs header
No e : %ultipleLing o6 reord 'D$ 6rom di66erent 8ueues (to the same $E" into a %A0-ehs PD$ is not supported in $A()
B"2t7C 4
>%&-;$1
11
>1
6
TS/1
S;1
(1
>%&-;$2
>2
TS/2
S;2
(2
>%&-;$,
>,
TS/,
S;,
(,
*7%-hs he"der
=eorderin4 P$<
=eorderin4 P$< *"c-ehs "ylo"d
P"ddin4 -o t.
/ < / < 22*

)4/4/ Delta $A+4L W $A- - $A)
)4/4/4/( Per6ormance comparison
ith 6iL PD$ si@e

La1 results
#or currentl7 used K'DPA $E categor7 enhanced La7er : 6eature provides a small gain 6or highest data rate: DO 6or a cat T and up to )O 6or cat /( (not sho n"
/ < / < 22+
)4/4/ Delta $A+4L W $A- - $A)
)4/4/4// L: improvements : 6leLi1le RL0 and %A0-ehs

-adio,cce!!Service1i!Mace#!,llo$ed : =oolean (glo1al 6lag to activateAdeactivate this 6eature" .!d0a-ncConf1mace#!Ma>im6mPd6SiCeP!I/ : ,:44/+(, 17tes (maLimum RL0 PD$ si@e allo ed9 hich has mainl7 t o purposes : limit PD$ si@e on the transport M 1aseline 6or .u1A.ur 6lo control hich drives the granularit7 o6 the credits" W this is used 6or P' .A= radio-1earers4 'DDCell1i!Mace#!,llo$ed ? =oolean (6lag to activate the 6eature on the cell9 i6 the Node = cell capa1ilit7 also reports that the cell supports %A0-ehs" -lcConfCla!!1Dl-lc,c@'le>i/leMode optional %* created : RL0 parameters hen RL0 6leLi1le mode is used (%A0-ehs"4 .t contains the same set o6 parameters than DlRlcAc!%ode9 eLcept minimum&ransmissionCindo 'i@e (no interest 6or Rel)M $E" and addition o6 n1r*6=7tes=et eenPolling (polling 1ased on a num1er o6 17tes"
/ < / < 229

)4/4/ Delta $A+4L W $A- - $A)
)4/4/4// L: improvements : 6leLi1le RL0 and %A0-ehs 3cont45

'ame restrictions applies 0apacit7 impact on 1ase1and : None to -,SA% due to L:M &he La7er: Enhancements 6eature has the 6ollo ing restrictions: dependenc7 Not supported on i0E% : the R= are recon6igured to %ac-hs
*n i0E% $E categor7 /D and a1ove are handled as categor7 /(4
Not supported over .ur : the R= are recon6igured to %ac-hs4

Recon6iguration to %A0-hsA6iL PD$ si@e in case o6 serving cell change to a dri6t RN04 Recon6iguration to %A0-ehs A 6leL PD$ si@e 6ollo ing 'RN' relocation
&he %aLimum PD$ si@e is recommended not to 1e set to too high value on Live Net or! (6or optimal P'#P per6ormance"4
$A()4( : recommended value is D)T 17tes
No intra Node = recon6iguration 6rom %A0-ehs to %A0-hs and vice versa

&his could happen in case an inter-6re8 K* is triggered 6rom one cell ith K'PA handled 17 L0E% to a cell ith K'PA handled ith i0E% (not L:M support" D #all1ac! to D0K
/ < / < 2"0

)4/4/ Delta $A+4L W $A- - $A)
)4/4/4/: -,-SA% modulation 6or K'DPA

1 1
U,0*10
'E,TU-E DESC-IPTI;N D,DT 'upport o6 -, Suadrature Amplitude %odulation (-,-SA%" 6or K'DPA in addition to /--SA% and SP'F -,-SA% is selected henever allo ed 17 radio conditions and resources (i4e4 high 'NR" and amount o6 data in 1u66er Ne $E categories /D and /, (-,-SA% onl7"9 /) and /T (-,-SA% or %.%*" -,SA% applica1le to all eListing K'DPA RA= and com1inations *nl7 P' .A= tested due to $E support restricted to data cards L0E% re8uired
13S+
;C.1'M
C>.1'M
Macro la&er -,-SA% coverage 0ell &hroughput _/TO _M,O
Indoor covera%e _,+O _M:(O
%aL pea! rate :/ %1ps (M+(O versus cat /(" at %A0-hs la7er %aL pea! rate at &0P la7er R /T %1ps (target in la1" R /, %1ps (target in 6ield"
/ < / < 2"1

)4/4/ Delta $A+4L W $A- - $A)
)4/4/4/: -,-SA% modulation 6or K'DPA 3cont45

1 *vervie o6 %odulation schemes =LER vs4 '.NR
0;O
;C.1'M
#iLed 1loc! si@e: //+:(9 Num1er o6 K'-PD'0K codes N T
C>.1'M
/--SA% per6orms 1etter at lo '.NRs 1ut -,- SA% per6orms 1etter at high '.NRs -,-SA% helps i6 high '.NRs can 1e achieved and relia1l7 identi6ied4
/ < / < 2"2

)4/4/ Delta $A+4L W $A- - $A)
)4/4/4/: -,-SA% modulation 6or K'DPA 3cont45

*vervie
>
o6 &#R0 V 0S.
&he selection o6 the modulation scheme is done in the %A0-ehs as part o6 the &ransport #ormat Resource 0om1ination (&#R0" selection 6unction4 A &#R0 is a triplet o6 transport 1loc! si@e9 modulation alpha1et and num1er o6 channeli@ation codes4 A ne transport 1loc! si@e set is de6ined to include higher transport 1loc! si@e and to allo support o6 -,-SA% 17 the %A0 la7er4
T74C se&ect%on
45000 40000 35000 30000 25000 20000 15000 10000 5000 0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30
<2t= 64QAM :arger )' 72Ae >a3 "e 7e:e>te& at =2g= CQ
se&ected transport ,&ock s%2e
actua& C1
Cat.14 Cat.10
/ < / < 2""

)4/4/ Delta $A+4L W $A- - $A)
)4/4/4/D -,SA% 6or indoor coverage
>BH users ,enef%t from of C>1'M
Cith indoor coverage and advanced $E receiver (e4g4 t7pe D"9 -,SA% can 1oost the cell throughput (M:(O"
/ < / < 2"(

)4/4/ Delta $A+4L W $A- - $A)
)4/4/4/, -,SA% 6or isolated micro-cell

S23g:e 82>ro->e:: 7>e3ar2o, a&4a3>e& re>e24er7 reE!2re&
10000 9000 8000 throughput/ k,ps 7000 6000 5000 4000 3000 2000 1000 0 Cat 10F 15 !7er7 a4erage !7er t=ro!g=9!t Cat 14F 15 !7er7 95G !7er t=ro!g=9!t a4e. >e:: t=ro!g=9!t
5i #o6 6(3),M ,vera%e Cell T#ro6%#06 95M3 ile T#ro6%#06

/ < / < 2"5
5i # 6(3),M )4-+ %1itAs T4) %1itAs
Gain 10.@< 22..<
-4; %1itAs )4/ %1itAs

)4/4/ Delta $A+4L W $A- - $A)
)4/4/4/+ -,SA% 6or the macro la7er
.n macro la7er assuming advanced receiver t7pe D (e8uali@ation and receive diversit7" on the $E side9 around /TO o6 the users could 1ene6it 6rom -,SA% Estimation o1tained 6rom a case stud7 considering
#ield data in6ormation ere collected (throughput9 0S. distri1ution9 R'0P9 EcA.oX" Real monitored net or! load: tra66ic miL includes o6 0' voice over D0K and K'DPA tra66ic4 'imulated tra66ic load increased to - times the current load4 .n6luence o6 ne $E t7pe receiver has 1een modeled in term o6 per6ormance9 i4e4 reported 0S.
C1 Mapp%ng versus U6 rece%ver

30
0Ped A @ D!mAh
25
0#ield measurement
20
15
10
#er@&24H$E - )y9e 3 #er@&24H%o$E - )y9e 1 %o#er@&24H$E - )y9e 2
+
22 24
0&ra66ic load L-
C1
5 10 12 14 16 18 20
4eference C1
/ < / < 2"6

)4/4/ Delta $A+4L W $A- - $A)
)4/4/4/- #eature con6iguration
&he -,SA% modulation is con6igured 6or a ne K'DPA call i6 the 6ollo ing conditions are 6ul6illed: 13 T#e NodeB i! 6(),M ca0a/le4 i1e1 L0E% is used to ena1le K'DPA &he Node = on is not handled 17 a dri6t RN0 23 T#e UE i! 6(),M ca0a/le? &he $E in6orms the RN0 o6 its K'DPA categor7 (should 1e /D9/,9/) or /T" "3 T#e NodeB i! allo$ed o 6!ed #e 6(),M? RadioAccess'ervice4is0lABCam/n'nc3llowed N &rue #DD0ell4is0lABCam3llowed N &rue %A0-ehs is ena1led (3 T#e UE ca e%or& i! allo$ed o 6!ed #e 6(),M? KsdpaRnc0on64isABCam3llowedDorUe5ategor, N / 6or all the $E categories supporting -,SA%9 that is to sa7 /D9/,9/)9/T .6 all these conditions are 6ul6illed9 then the Node= ill send the ne the $E o6 the modulation used (SP'F9 /-SA% or -,SA%"
/ < / < 2"*
K'-'00K to in6orm
)4/4/ Delta $A+4L W $A- - $A)
)4/4/4/) -,SA% deplo7ment in $A()
-,SA% and La7er : enhancements can 1e ena1led on all K'DPA carriersto improve K'DPA cell per6ormance ithout speci6ic mo1ilit7 polic7
No negative impact 6oreseen on legac7 $E ith AL$ implementation No PA po er 1ac! o664 &he scheduler ensures po er allocation 6or -,SA% users does not lead to EU% degradation
$A() #, (R;;AK'PA" U #D (R;;AK'PA" U #: (R;;AK'PA" U ith -,SA% ith -,SA% ith -,SA%
$A() #, (R;;AK'PA" U with 6C>72 #D (R;;AK'PA" U #: (R;;AK'PA" U #/ (R;;AK'PA" U ith -,SA% ith -,SA% ith -,SA%
#/ (Rel ;;" #/ la7er reserved 6or Rel ;; ensure coverage9 i4e4 the accessi1ilit7 to the net or! K'PA tra66ic can 1e distri1uted over K'PA la7ers ith i%0RA
/ < / < 2"+
=est solution 6or s7stem capacit7
)4/4/ Delta $A+4L W $A- - $A)
)4/4/4/T Pre-re8uisites
&he
6ollo ing pre-re8uisites are needed in order to reach the maLimum throughput ith -,SA% and transport dependencies
#eature
K'$PA in $L /+ or /, K'-PD'0K have to 1e availa1le to reach maLimum throughput ith -,SA%: #air 'haring has to 1e ena1le in order to have up to /+ K'-PD'0K availa1le4 %ultiple '-00P0K9 K'-'00K and DL K'$PA have to 1e con6igured in order to reserve onl7 / '#/- : 6or eLample: / '-00P0K M : K'-'00K M / E-AB0K M / EK.0KAE-RB0K K71rid .u1 or Native .P (L00% and BigE on RN0 needed": .n order to achieve high throughput9 A&% =C (T E/s" is not su66icient4
R#
conditions
cell load9 high 'NR9 high 0S. in order to reach high data rates
Lo
/ < / < 2"9

)4/4/ Delta $A+4L W $A- - $A)
)4/4/4/; D,DT- : -,-SA% modulation 6or K'DPA %ono and %ulti $E (, users" - 'ame average 0S. W ACBN
$E categor7 cat/D V /) cat/, V /T cat/D V /) cat/, V /T ith -,SA% ith -,SA% ith -,SA% ith -,SA% Radio environment Live (Y" Live (Y" .deal (YY" .deal (YY" &arget maL throughput (&0P la7er" /: %1ps /, %1ps /+ %1ps /T %1ps
0at T : - %1ps 0at /( : /( %1ps
(Y" throughput that can 1e demonstrated in real li6e assuming no load9 good 'NR and .u1 1and idth (YY" =est in class measurement in la1 environment (ACBN"
/ < / < 2(0

)4/4/ Delta $A+4L W $A- - $A)
)4/4/4/- D,DT- : -,-SA% modulation 6or K'DPA 0at /, (-,SA%" comparison

20000 18000 16000 14000 Throughput (k,ps" 12000 10000 8000 6000 4000
ith 0at /( (/-SA%"

La1 results
R/; %1psd
U6 cat ;> (w%th C>1'M"

U/3 Throughput vs. C1
#$ >at 14 - PA3 #$ >at 14 - A<I% #$ >at 10 - A<I%
2000 0 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 C1 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
/+ K'-PD'0K codes
/ < / < 2(1
)4/4/ Delta $A+4L W $A- - $A)
)4/4/4/- D,DT- : -,-SA% modulation 6or K'DPA $ser &hroughput (multi-$E" in PAD and ACBN
La1 results
/, K'-PD'0K codes
/ < / < 2(2
)4/4/ Delta $A+4L W $A- - $A)
)4/4/4/- D,DT- : -,-SA% modulation 6or K'DPA
-,SA% can provide signi6icant user throughput 1oost 6or picoAmicro and indoor coverage .t is eLpected that -,SA% could 1e used around /TO o6 the cell area in the macro la7er delivering a small cell throughput gain Especiall7 i6 eighted ith $E support availa1ilit7 -,SA% re8uires enhanced $E receiver even 1e7ond -,SA% coverage area hich largel7 1ene6its to user and cell throughput
.t is eLpected that -,SA% activation on K'DPA capa1le cells has no negative impact on legac7 $E9 s7stem per6ormance and cell capacit7
/ < / < 2("

/ < / < 2((

End o6 %odule
End o6 0ourse
/ < / < 2(5


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