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Overarching Standards
Quantities Reason quantitatively and use units to solve problems. N-Q.1 Use units as a way to understand problems and to guide the solution of multi-step problems; choose and interpret units consistently in formulas; choose and interpret the scale and the origin in graphs and data displays. N-Q.2 Define appropriate quantities for the purpose of descriptive modeling. N-Q.3 Choose a level of accuracy appropriate to limitations on measurement when reporting quantities. Reasoning with Equations & Inequalities Represent and solve equations and inequalities graphically. A-REI.10 Understand that the graph of an equation in two variables is the set of all its solutions plotted in the coordinate plane, often forming a curve (which could be a line). Seeing Structure in Expressions Interpret the structure of expressions. A-SSE.1 Interpret expressions that represent a quantity in terms of its context. A-SSE A-REI N-Q
a. Interpret parts of an expression, such as terms, factors, and coefficients. b. Interpret complicated expressions by viewing one or more of their parts as a single entity. For example, interpret P(1+r)n as the product of P and a factor not depending on P.
Note: At this level include polynomial expressions A-SSE.2 Use the structure of an expression to identify ways to rewrite it. For example, see x4 y4 as (x2)2 (y2)2, thus recognizing it as a difference of squares that can be factored as (x2 y2)(x2 + y2). Creating Equations A-CED A-CED.4 Rearrange formulas to highlight a quantity of interest, using the same reasoning as in solving equations. For example, rearrange Ohms law V = IR to highlight resistance R. Note: At this level, extend to compound variation relationships. Interpreting Functions Analyze functions using different representations. F-IF.9 Compare properties of two functions each represented in a different way (algebraically, graphically, numerically in tables, or by verbal descriptions). For example, given a graph of one quadratic function and an algebraic expression for another, say which has the larger maximum. Note: At this level, extend to quadratic, simple power, and inverse variation functions. F-IF
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a. A dilation takes a line not passing through the center of the dilation to a parallel line, and leaves a line passing through the center unchanged. b. The dilation of a line segment is longer or shorter in the ratio given by the scale factor.
Expressing Geometric Properties with Equations G-GPE G-GPE.6 Find the point on a directed line segment between two given points that partitions the segment in a given ratio. Geometric Measurement and Dimension Visualize relationships between two-dimensional and three-dimensional objects G-GMD
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G-GMD.4 Identify the shapes of two-dimensional cross-sections of three-dimensional objects, and identify threedimensional objects generated by rotations of two-dimensional objects. Modeling with Geometry Apply geometric concepts in modeling situations G-MG.1 Use geometric shapes, their measures, and their properties to describe objects (e.g., modeling a tree trunk or a human torso as a cylinder). G-MG.2 Apply concepts of density based on area and volume in modeling situations (e.g., persons per square mile, BTUs per cubic foot). G-MG.3 Apply geometric methods to solve design problems (e.g., designing an object or structure to satisfy physical constraints or minimize cost; working with typographic grid systems based on ratios). G-MG
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A-CED.3 Represent constraints by equations or inequalities, and by systems of equations and/or inequalities, and interpret solutions as viable or nonviable options in a modeling context. For example, represent inequalities describing nutritional and cost constraints on combinations of different foods. Note: Extend to linear-quadratic, and linearinverse variation (simplest rational) systems of equations. Interpreting Functions Understand the concept of a function and use function notation. F-IF.2 Use function notation, evaluate functions for inputs in their domains, and interpret statements that use function notation in terms of a context. Note: At this level, extend to quadratic, simple power, and inverse variation functions. Interpret functions that arise in applications in terms of the context. F-IF.4 For a function that models a relationship between two quantities, interpret key features of graphs and tables in terms of the quantities, and sketch graphs showing key features given a verbal description of the relationship. Key features include: intercepts; intervals where the function is increasing, decreasing, positive, or negative; relative maximums and minimums; symmetries; end behavior; and periodicity. F-IF.5 Relate the domain of a function to its graph and, where applicable, to the quantitative relationship it describes. For example, if the function h(n) gives the number of person-hours it takes to assemble n engines in a factory, then the positive integers would be an appropriate domain for the function. Note: At this level, extend to quadratic, right triangle trigonometry, and inverse variation functions. Analyze functions using different representations. F-IF.8 Write a function defined by an expression in different but equivalent forms to reveal and explain different properties of the function. F-IF
a. Use the process of factoring and completing the square in a quadratic function to show zeros, extreme values, and symmetry of the graph, and interpret these in terms of a context.
Note: At this level, completing the square is still not expected. Building Functions Build a function that models a relationship between two quantities. F-BF.1 Write a function that describes a relationship between two quantities. F-BF
a. Determine an explicit expression, a recursive process, or steps for calculation from a context.
Note: Continue to allow informal recursive notation through this level.
b. Combine standard function types using arithmetic operations. For example, build a function that models the temperature of a cooling body by adding a constant function to a decaying exponential, and relate these functions to the model.
Build new functions from existing functions. F-BF.3 Identify the effect on the graph of replacing f(x) by f(x) + k, k f(x), f(kx), and f(x + k) for specific values of k (both positive and negative); find the value of k given the graphs. Experiment with cases and illustrate an explanation of the effects on the graph using technology. Include recognizing even and odd functions from their graphs and algebraic expressions for them. Note: At this level, extend to quadratic functions and, k f(x).
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e. Graph exponential and logarithmic functions, showing intercepts and end behavior, and trigonometric functions, showing period, midline, and amplitude.
Building Functions Build a function that models a relationship between two quantities. F-BF.1 Write a function that describes a relationship between two quantities. F-BF
a. Determine an explicit expression, a recursive process, or steps for calculation from a context.
Note: Continue to allow informal recursive notation through this level.
b. Combine standard function types using arithmetic operations. For example, build a function that models the temperature of a cooling body by adding a constant function to a decaying exponential, and relate these functions to the model.
Build new functions from existing functions. F-BF.3 Identify the effect on the graph of replacing f(x) by f(x) + k, k f(x), f(kx), and f(x + k) for specific values of k (both positive and negative); find the value of k given the graphs. Experiment with cases and illustrate an explanation of the effects on the graph using technology. Include recognizing even and odd functions from their graphs and algebraic expressions for them. Common Core Math II Page 6
Note: At this level, extend to quadratic functions and, k f(x). Seeing Structure in Expressions Write expressions in equivalent forms to solve problems. A-SSE.3 Choose and produce an equivalent form of an expression to reveal and explain properties of the quantity represented by the expression. A-SSE
c. Use the properties of exponents to transform expressions for exponential functions. For example the expression 1.15t can be rewritten as (1.151/12)12t 1.01212t to reveal the approximate equivalent monthly interest rate if the annual rate is 15%.
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b. Graph square root, cube root, and piecewise-defined functions, including step functions and absolute value functions.
Building Functions Build a function that models a relationship between two quantities. F-BF.1 Write a function that describes a relationship between two quantities. F-BF
a. Determine an explicit expression, a recursive process, or steps for calculation from a context.
Note: Continue to allow informal recursive notation through this level.
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b. Combine standard function types using arithmetic operations. For example, build a function that models the temperature of a cooling body by adding a constant function to a decaying exponential, and relate these functions to the model.
Build new functions from existing functions. F-BF.3 Identify the effect on the graph of replacing f(x) by f(x) + k, k f(x), f(kx), and f(x + k) for specific values of k (both positive and negative); find the value of k given the graphs. Experiment with cases and illustrate an explanation of the effects on the graph using technology. Include recognizing even and odd functions from their graphs and algebraic expressions for them. Note: At this level, extend to quadratic functions and, k f(x).
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e. Graph exponential and logarithmic functions, showing intercepts and end behavior, and trigonometric functions, showing period, midline, and amplitude.
Note: At this level, extend to simple trigonometric functions (sine, cosine, and tangent in standard position) Similarity, Right Triangles, & Trigonometry Define trigonometric ratios and solve problems involving right triangles G-SRT.6 Understand that by similarity, side ratios in right triangles are properties of the angles in the triangle, leading to definitions of trigonometric ratios for acute angles. G-SRT.7 Explain and use the relationship between the sine and cosine of complementary angles. G-SRT.8 Use trigonometric ratios and the Pythagorean Theorem to solve right triangles in applied problems. Apply trigonometry to general triangles G-SRT.9 (+) Derive the formula A = 1/2 ab sin(C) for the area of a triangle by drawing an auxiliary line from a vertex perpendicular to the opposite side. G-SRT.11 (+) Understand and apply the Law of Sines and the Law of Cosines to find unknown measurements in right and non-right triangles (e.g., surveying problems, resultant forces). Expressing Geometric Properties with Equations Translate between the geometric description and the equation for a conic section G-GPE G-SRT
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G-GPE.1 Derive the equation of a circle of given center and radius using the Pythagorean Theorem; complete the square to find the center and radius of a circle given by an equation. Note: At this level, derive the equation of the circle using the Pythagorean Theorem.
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