Pemilihan Material

Fungsi Produk Sifat Mekanis Sifat Fisik Jenis Material

Kapan kita memilih material yang spesifik ?

Kebutuhan customer

Formula
Kebutuhan customer Berat Karakteristik engineering Kualitas Eng. Design Specs

Konsep Desain Abstract embodiment ? Physical principles Material geometri

Konfigurasi Desain

arrangement of parts/features (i.e. shaping materials)

Tahapan

Formulation Concept Design

materials Configuration Design

Parametric Design Detail Design

manufacturing processes

Saling Ketergantungan - compatibility

Material Properties

Manufacturing Processes

Kesesuaian/Kecocokan materials & processes

Saling ketergantungan - capability

Kemampuan proses Untuk geometri

Manufacturing Processes

Geometri produk

Fungsi produk adalah saling ketergantungan

Material Properties

Product Function
Manufacturing Processes Product Geometry

contoh
Design a support for the electric motor

Tekniker-ILL neutron monochromator

Example

Tekniker-ILL neutron monochromator

Example

Tekniker-ILL neutron monochromator

Kriteria apa yang disyaratkan untuk material?

Mechanical Strength, modulus etc. Physical Density, melting point. Electrical Conductivity, resistivity. Aesthetic Appearance, texture, colour Processability Ductility, mouldability And last, but not least. Cost, cost, cost!

Sifat Material

Sifat Mekanik Data yang menunjukkan perilaku material terhadap respon beban dari luar

Sifat Fisik Data yang menujukkan perilaku material terhadap respon fenomena fisik Contoh : panas, radiasi

Fundamental properties
Characteristic Fatigue resistance Conductivity (heat, electric) Creep resistance Impact resistance Density (mass) Density (weight) Temperature tolerance Behavior endures many load cycles Property endurance limit thermal conductivity electrical conductivity creep strength Charpy energy mass density weight density melting point Units MPa (Mpsi) (Btu/hr) / (F-ft), Mhos MPa (ksi) N-m, (ft-lbs) kg/m3, (slugs/ft3) N/m3, (lbs/ft3) degrees C, F

conducts, insulates

time dependent stretching shock, impact loads heavy, light softens, or melts easily

Sifat Mekanik
stress F/A
A

ductile ?
S ut
Sy

L L

brittle
elastic plastic

strain

L L L

stiffness ?

Strength = stress at failure = (failure)

Sifat Mekanik

Fundamental properties
Characteristic Strength Elastic strength Stiffness Ductility Hardness Corrosion resistance Behavior strong, weak elastic then plastic flexible, rigid draws, forms easily resists surface indentation resists chemicals, oxidation Property ultimate strength yield strength modulus of elasticity % elongation, % area reduction Brinell No. galvanic series Units MPa (ksi) MPa (ksi) MPa (Mpsi) dimensionless MPa (ksi) activity number

Dimana bisa ditemukan data data sifat material ?

Textbooks Databooks Manufacturers literature Internet Sites

Klasifikasi Material Teknik

Materials

Metals Ferrous

Plastics Thermoplastics

Ceramics

Composites

Family (Ashby)

Non-ferrous

Thermosets
Elastomers

Sub-family

Sub Klasifikasi Material

Materials

Metals Ferrous Cast iron Carbon steel Alloy steel Stainless steel

Family Sub-family

Classes

Logam
Metals

Ferrous cast iron carbon steel alloy steel stainless steel

Non-ferrous aluminum brass bronze copper lead magnesium nickel tin titanium tungsten zinc

Polimer
Polymers

Natural and synthetic rubbers

Thermoplastics ABS acetal acrylic nylon polycarbonate polyethylene polypropylene polystyrene vinyl

Thermosets alkyd epoxy melamine phenolic polyester urethane

Elastomers butyl fluorocarbon neoprene nitrile polysulfide rubber silicone

Polimer
No chemical reaction

Cross-linking

Keramik
Ceramics alumina beryllia diamond magnesia silicon carbide silicon nitride zirconia

Komposit

Composites carbon fiber ceramic matrix glass fiber Kevlar metal matrix

Komposit
Manufacturing process
Carbon fiber Style 282 bidirectional. Araldite epoxy resin with HY956 additive.

Komposit
College Park Foot

Otto Bock Advantage

Ossur Flexwalk

Pie protsico dinmico 2004

Pie protsico dinmico 2005

Komposit

Marlon Shirley Ossur Cheeta Flex-Foot Date of birth: April 21, 1978 Hometown: Thatcher, Utah Current Home:San Diego, CA Date of birth: Sep 15, 1986

Cameron Clapp Otto Bock C-Leg

Profile Sifat Material

Pemilihan Material
prospective materials and processes

functional? manufacturable?

screening feasible materials and processes

rejected materials and processes

relative performance?

rating

best material(s) and processes

Screening: Bagaimana memilih material

Fungsi produk tergantung pada material, proses manufaktur, geometri
Kita harus memperhatikan ketiga faktor tersebut

Apakah kita harus memilih material yang layak dahulu kemudian memilih proses manufaktur yg cocok? Atau

Apakah kita memilih proses manufaktur yang cocok dahulu kemudian memilih jenis material?

Screening: Materials first approach

Informasi aplikasi
1. Applied loads

magnitude cyclic nature (steady, fatigue) rate (slow, impact) duration (creep) 2. Ambient conditions temperature moisture sunlight chemical liquids/vapors 3. Safety 4. Cost

Screening: Manufact process first approach

Informasi komponen
1. Volume produksi 2. Ukuran komponen (overall) 3. Shape capability (features)

boss/depression 1D boss/depression >1D holes undercuts (internal/external) uniform walls cross sections (uniform /regular) rotational symmetry captured cavities

Pemilihan Material
prospective materials and processes

functional? manufacturable?

screening feasible materials and processes

rejected materials and processes

relative performance?

rating

best material(s) and processes