Annotated Bibliography

Primary Sources
Photographs: Cesar Chavez. Digital image. Obama Hits a Foul by Honoring Cesar Chavez. Cable News Network, 2013. Web. 1 Dec. 2013. <http://www.cnn.com/2012/10/08/opinion/navarrette-chavezobama/>. This source was very interesting to me because, Cesar Chavez is shown smiling in front of two pictures of Genghis Khan and John F. Kennedy. It tells me that Cesar Chavez views himself as honorable as them, which he should. It also gives me the idea that he respects these men and thinks they made a wonderful impact on the world today and he would like to do the same.

Painting of Cesar's accomplishments. Digital image. Support TX University Students by Signing the Petition Demanding Their Cesar Chavez Holiday Be Reinstated. United Farm Workers, n.d. Web. 30 Nov. 2013. <http://action.ufw.org/page/s/chavez_utep>. This primary source relates to the theme, rights and responsibilities, in several ways. First, it shows how Cesar Chavez fought with picket signs and boycotts to gain the farm workers rights. Also, Cesar had a great responsibility to fight harder for their rights. Lastly, Cesar and the farm workers stood up for what's right, even in the beginning, no one thought it would last, but it did. Overall, Cesar Chavez is a role model to stand up for what's right, even if it means standing alone.

Protest. Digital image. Burning with a Patient Fire. N.p., 2001. Web. 13 Nov. 2013. <http://chavez.cde.ca.gov/ModelCurriculum/Teachers/Lessons/Resources/Biographies/High_Sc hool_Biography.aspx>. This image helped me understand what farm workers were going through. They were holding signs up saying, Come let us vote Nov. 4th and Dont pass the buck, give a vote to your party. The farm workers were not even allowed to vote! The discrimination and unjust ways were highlighted in this photo and the poor conditions they worked and lived in just proved it more.

Remembering Cesar Chavez. Digital image. Los Angeles Times. N.p., n.d. Web. 30 Nov. 2013. <http://framework.latimes.com/2012/03/29/remembering-cesar-chavez/#/0>. This photo shows me that the farm workers were so determined to gain their rights, they would do anything. Cesar Chavez was equally or more determined because he would stand on the stage for hours talking about how unjust this treatment was. This is a primary source because it is a black and white photo and was taken during 1979. Cesar Chavez was there for the farm workers when they needed it and no one else helped them.

Speech being given by Cesar Chavez. Digital image. (3256) Cesar Chavez, Demonstrations, 1970s. Eclemens, 12 Aug. 2008. Web. 18 Nov. 2013. <https://www.reuther.wayne.edu/node/652>. This photo helped me see the determination in peoples faces to create a successful boycott that will lead to the farm workers gain of rights. This is a primary source because it is a black and white photo (clearly taken when colored cameras were not invented). It is supposedly taken during the 1970s. This photo relates to the theme, rights and responsibilities, because the farm workers are fighting for their rights on the fields and during that time, they gained the responsibility to fight for whats right.

Workers in Fields. Digital image. Category Archives: Cesar Chavez. N.p., n.d. Web. 8 Dec. 2013. <http://leftwingnutjob.wordpress.com/category/cesar-chavez/>. This picture is a primary source because it is a black and white photo clearly taken when colored cameras were not invented. This was the most interesting primary source because it showed me the harsh working conditions that farm workers had to go through. The picture also has big ice covered mountains in the background which makes me question where the photo was taken. To summarize, this source helped me understand my project more by showing me the way farm workers were treated and their options.

Speeches: Chavez, Cesar. Speech. 29 Nov. 2013. Smithsonian Source. Smithsonian Institution, 2007. Web. 29 Nov. 2013.<http://www.smithsoniansource.org/display/primarysource/viewdetails.aspx?PrimarySou rceId=1028> This is a primary source because this speech in was written and spoken by Cesar Chavez. He was an inspiration to others insisting them to follow their dreams to do what is right. Cesar Chavez will always be a role model for his bravery and determination to create better lives and working conditions for farm workers.

Chavez, Cesar. Address to the Commonwealth Club of California. Speech. Commonwealth Club, San Francisco. 1 Dec. 2013. Cesar Chavez Foundation. 2012. Web. 1 Dec. 2013. <http://www.chavezfoundation.org/_cms.phpmode=view&b_code =001008000000000&b_no=16&page=1&field=&key=&n=8>. This source relates to the theme, rights and responsibilities, because Cesar Chavez discusses the right people should have to believe in themselves and do what they think is right. The source also discusses the harsh reality of the farm working conditions. Farm workers often slept in the fields and were subjected to vicious rats gnawing on them and catching diseases. This treatment must have given many farm workers the responsibility to create a more safe environment but feared the idea of being rejected. This fear, is the fear that determined Cesar Chavez to go up against the law.

"The Life and Work of Cesar Chavez." Commonwealth Club, San Francisco. 9 Nov. 1984. Speech. This is a primary source because it was written and said in the Commonwealth Club of San Francisco by Cesar Chavez. First, it summarized the main goal of his work. In addition, he states what he accomplished. Finally, Chavez states that he was successful in retrieving the farm workers rights. This helped me understand my topic because he had the faith and bravery all along and knew his plan would succeed.

Secondary Sources
Books: Collard, Sneed B. Cesar Chavez: The Farm Workers' Best Friend. New York: Marshall Cavendish Benchmark, 2010. Print. This secondary source book taught me how Cesar Chavez grew up and how he the racist bullies made him want to fight for farm workers rights. This source also taught me about the life on the fields. Their lives were rough and there was no one better to help them gain their rights than Cesar Chavez. Cesar describes the harsh life on the fields. Only "rich" workers got a home on the field and their homes where the equivalent to a small shack. The fear and determination is greatly described in this source.

Collins, David R. Farmworker's Friend: The Story of Cesar Chavez. Minneapolis: Carolrhoda, 1996. Print. This book taught me the way Cesar Chavez got inspired to help farm workers and how he chose to fulfill his dream. Cesar Chavez was a symbol of farm workers rights and gave them the responsibility to stand up for what they believe in. Cesar Chavez is a role model for future boycotts or uprisings to stand up for whats right even if it means standing alone.

Olmstead, Mary. Cesar Chavez. Chicago, IL: Raintree, 2005. Print. This book explained what Cesar Chavezs childhood was like and how he decided to stand up for whats right in the United Farm Workers movement. I learned that working on a field was similar to slavery. Their payment was so low, it was almost as if they didnt get paid at all. I also learned that Cesar Chavez worked as a migrant farm worker when he was younger. To summarize, Cesar Chavez was determined at a young age to change the working conditions of farm workers.

Young, Jeff. Cesar Chavez. Greensboro: Morgan Reynolds Publishing, 2007.

This secondary source discusses how Cesar Chavez became interested in creating a union to boycott unfairly paid farm workers. First, the author, Jeff Young, points out that at a young age, Cesar began working on the fields and realized what harsh treatments the workers got. In addition, Jeff emphasizes Cesars determination to remain loyal to the workers and stand up for what he believes in. Finally, Jeff concludes that the United Farm workers boycott was successful and that it wouldnt have happened if Cesar Chavez didnt stand up for whats right.

Websites: "Cesar Chavez Biography: Labor Leader - EnchantedLearning.com." Cesar Chavez Biography: Labor Leader - EnchantedLearning.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 18 Nov. 2013. <http://www.enchantedlearning.com/history/us/hispanicamerican/chavez/>. This secondary source relates to the theme, rights and responsibilities in several ways. First, it relates to the theme because Cesar Chavez fought to give rights to farm workers that had no better option than to work in the fields for small pay. Also, he gave them the responsibility to fight for whats right and their right as a nation that everyone is equal. Overall, Cesar Chavez created an impact on today by giving farm workers their rights.

Florez, Rick Tejada. The Fight in the Fields. PBS. PBS, 2004. Web. 11 Nov. 2013. <http://www.pbs.org/itvs/fightfields/cesarchavez.html>. This source taught me about Cesars early life. I learned that he had a brother, Paul and an older sister, Rita. This source also taught me about Cesars struggles in creating the United Farm Workers boycott and the difficult life he had working on the fields. The determination of Cesar Chavez to help others, led to a new beginning of farm workers rights.

"UFW: The Official Web Page of the United Farm Workers of America." UFW: The Official Web Page of the United Farm Workers of America. United Farm Workers, 2006. Web. 14 Oct. 2013. <http://www.ufw.org/_page.php?inc=history/07.html>.

In this source, I learned about Cesar Chavezs life and how he became inspired to boycott the unfairly paid migrant farm workers. One of the most important pieces of information I read was that at a young age, both his parents deserted him, so he made money by becoming a farm worker. It helped me with my research because I got to know Cesar Chavezs story and how he changed history. The most provoking thing the author mentioned was that Chavez often fasted (not eating or drinking for a cause) on only water for 25 days because he wanted to protest pesticide poisoning of grape workers and their children. In conclusion, this was a helpful source for me to get to know my topic.

Photographs: Cesar Chavez quote. Digital image. UFW Strong-arms Its Own Employees. N.p., 14 June 2013. Web. 14 Nov. 2013. This picture shows that Cesar Chavez really cares about the welfare of the people he is supporting. He says, The fight is never about grapes or lettuce. It is always about people. This means a lot to the farm workers and they had a good strong leader who was not afraid to stand up for whats right.

Videos: "Cesar Chavez Videos." Bio.com. A&E Networks Television, n.d. Web. 14 Oct. 2013. <http://www.biography.com/people/cesar-chavez-9245781/videos>. This secondary source discusses the working conditions for migrant farm workers. First, the author points out that Cesar Chavez was a migrant farm worker and had experienced the hardships of being treated like an animal on the fields. In addition, they emphasize the meaning of equality. This helped me understand my topic because it told me what Cesar Chavez did to prevent the unequal way of treating people.

Newspaper Articles:

Wilson, Jenny. "A Not-Quite National Holiday: Eight States Celebrate Cesar Chavez Day." Time Newsfeed. N.p., 31 Mar 2011. Web. 29 Nov. 2013. <http://newsfeed.time.com/2011/03/31/ anot-quite-national-holiday-eight-states-celebrate-cesar-chavez-day/>. This source was about Chavez day and how only eight states (California, Arizona, Colorado, Michigan, New Mexico, Texas, Utah, and Wisconsin) chose to celebrate Chavez day. It relates to the theme, rights and responsibilities, because the farm workers rights were restored when Cesar Chavez took the responsibility to stand up for whats right and to gain the farm workers rights back. Chavez day is on March 31 and celebrates the bravery Chavez had when he did what was right and the gained the farm workers rights.