Subject : PHYSICS Topics : -List of command words -The common mistakes -Notes: Chapter : Introduction to Ph!

sics Chapter " : #orces and $otion Chapter % : #orces and Pressure Chapter & : Heat 'uestions -Paper % : Section ( : Structured Item Section ) : *pen +esponse Item -'uestion

LIST *# C*$$(N, -*+,S.

. ,efine / Takrifkan 0 This means !ou are on1! re2uired to write a concise statement to sa! what somethin3 is or means. ". -hat do !ou understand b! / (pakah !an3 difahamkan den3an 0 This means a definition p1us a comment on the conte4t or si3nificance of the term. %. State /N!atakan 0 This means a short5 concise answer is e4pected5 without e4p1anation. &. List /Senaraikan 0 This means !ou are to 3i6e a number of points in a 71ist8. 9ach point mi3ht on1! be a sin31e word or a short phrase or sentence. : = 94p1ain / Teran3kan;<e1askan 0 This usua11! means some reference to ph!sics theor! ,escribe / Huraikan 0 This means !ou are to state the main points in words5 to3ether with a dia3ram5 if appropriate.

>. ,iscuss /)incan3kan 0 This means 3i6e a critica1 account of the points in a topic. This mi3ht inc1ude 3i6in3 positi6e and ne3ati6e points. ?. *ut1ine /+an3kakan 0 This means 3i6e a brief answer5 mentionin3 on1! the main points. @. Predict or deduce / +ama1kan 0 This means !ou are to deduce an answer from information in the 2uestion or from ear1ier answers. It means !ou are not e4pected to produce an answer from memor!. A. Su33est /Cadan3kan 0 Ber! often this t!pe of 2uestion 1ooks as if it is not in the s!11abus. )ut 7su33ests8 means !ou are not e4pected to know the correct answer. You are supposed to make a 1o3ica1 deduction from the information 3i6en in the 2uestion or from !our ph!sics know1ed3e. Your answer ma! not be true5 but it is correct if what !ou sa! is sensib1e from what !ou mi3ht reasonab1! be e4pected to know. . #ind / Cirakan 0 This 3enera11! means ca1cu1ate5 measure5 determine etc. ". Ca1cu1ate / Hitun3kan 0 This means a numerica1 answer is e4pected and the workin3 is e4pected to be shown.

%. ,etermine /Tentukan 0 This usua11! means the answer cannot be measured direct1! but is obtained b! ca1cu1ation or perhaps5 b! takin3 a readin3 from a 3raph. Norma11! a numerica1 answer is e4pected &. 9stimate / (n33arkan 0 This means obtain an answer as accurate1! as !ou can5 a1thou3h it ma! not be e4act. :. Sketch /Lakarkan 0 This is often app1ied to 3raph. It means that on1! the correct shape and appro4imate position of the 3raph is e4pected. It mi3ht mean !ou need to add one or two numbers to make the position c1ear.

C*$$*N $IST(C9S
. (nswer correct5 but no unit 3i6en to ca1cu1ated 6a1ue. (d6ice: make sure to write down the units. ". Name of scientists. e.3 : (rchimedes5 accept c1ose answers5 sound simi1ar when read. %. 9.c.f 5 accept wron3 ca1cu1ated 6a1ue in ear1ier part .Pena1iDe once on1! 5 correct method used is awarded marks. &. Ce! words ; don8t need comp1ete sentences. :. Number of decima1 p1aces in fina1 answers. (t 1east ,on8t round up to who1e number. =. Ber! often5 don8t accept EcontraF answers. 9.3:..Bo1tmeter;ammeter >. Gnits not consistent. No marks. ?. In essa!. $arks are 3i6en accordin3 to points 3i6en. A. ,ifferences between Section ) and Section C. Section C : Ha6e to ana1!se datas in tab1e form; man! dia3rams of same instruments but different features. (sk to se1ect one de6ice with supportin3 information5 must choose one de6ice. Section ): ,efinition5 Conccptua1iDe 2uestion /men3konsepsikan0 usua11! from " dia3rams5 e4p1anation of an e6ent5 describe an instrument5 app1ication of know1ed3e. Section C: ,efinition5 e4p1anation of an e6ent5 3raph. Tab1e containin3 data;dia3rams.5 make a choice. point5 mark. @. -rite answers based on obser6ations5 cannot inc1ude ph!sics that !ou cannot see. d.p.5 "5 %5 &5 5 but not too man!.

PHYSICS PAPER 3 Section A: Structured Item

TABLE . In section (5 students are usua11! re2uired to tabu1ated the data in a tab1e and p1ot a 3raph ". ( comp1ete tab1e must consist of: /i0 /ii0 /iii0 /i60 Co1umn tit1e that contain ph!sica1 2uantit!5 s!mbo1 and unit. #irst co1umn /on the 1eft0 of tab1e is norma11! fi11ed with manipu1ated 6ariab1eH Last co1umn /on the ri3ht0 of tab1e is norma11! fi11ed with respondin3 6ariab1e. (11 6a1ues must be recorded b! usin3 appropriate decima1 p1ace and consistent for each co1umn.

/iii0 /i0 /iii0

/i60 (11 6a1ues must be recorded b! usin3 appropriate decima1 p1ace and consistent for each co1umn

/ii0

. ". %. &. :. =.

" '8s Identif! 6ariab1es: $B5 +B5 CB Tab1e I No. of co1umn based on the construct Identif! t!pe of 3raphs I ,irect1!; In6erse1! proportiona1 J 94trapo1ation of 3raph Ca1cu1ate 3radient

GRAPH (11 comp1ete 3raph must contain the fo11owin3: /i0 Tit1e of 3raph I The first 6ariab1e used in the tit1e must be used for !-a4is 94amp1e: Tit1e of 3raph: Lraph of T" 6ersus 1 Bariab1e T" must be used as 1abe1 and 6a1ues on !-a4is /ii0 /iii0 /i60 /60 /6i0 /6ii0 Labe1s of 4-a4is and !-a4is and units The 6ertica1 and horiDonta1 sca1es must be e6en. SiDe of the 3raph must be at 1east M of the 3raph paper. The 6a1ues for the ori3in of the 3raph must be written. Coordinates of the 3raph must be p1otted with a sma11 cross mark /40 In ca1cu1atin3 the 3radient of the 3raph5 the trian31e used for the ca1cu1ation must be drawn on the 3raph with the siDe of at 1east ? N A cm.

Graph of T2 er!u! "

PHYSICS PAPER 3 Section B: #pen Re!pon!e Item . In this section students are re2uired p1an an e4periment based on the scenario 3i6en in the 2uestion. ". To answer this section5 students must be ab1e to Identif! +espondin3 Bariab1e /+B0 and $anipu1ated Bariab1e /$B0. +e1ate the +espondin3 Bariab1e /+B0and $anipu1ated Bariab1e /$B0.

%. The tab1e be1ow pro6ides the techni2ue to answer 2uestions in this section.

ST9PS

+9$(+C +B and $B must be the ph!sica1 2uantities that can $e mea!ured durin% the e&periment' (n inference is a conc"u!ion dra(n from o$!er ation of a phenomenon studied Lenera1 statement that assumed to be true re3ardin3 the re1ationship between $B and +B /$ust ha6e ,I+9CTI*N0 $a!ed on the e&periment $ein% p"anned' To find the re1ationship between $B and +B )anipu"ated *aria$"e +)*, I Ph!sica1 'uantit! which is contro11ed ; chan3ed for the purpose of in6esti3atin3 the resu1ts of an e4periment.. Re!pondin% *aria$"e +R*, I Ph!sica1 'uantiti! which is the resu1t of the chan3es made to $B Con!tant *aria$"e +C*, I Ph!sica1 'uantities which are kept constant durin3 the e4periment List a11 apparatus and materia1s used +the apparatu! that are u!ed to mea!ure the R* and )* mu!t $e inc"uded,

#*+$(T

S($PL9 (NS-9+

. Identif! +B and $B

+B: acce1eration of the boat $B: The tota1 mass of the boat /a0 (cce1eration of the boat decreases when its mass is increased. *+ (cce1eration of the boat depends on the tota1 mass of the boat /b0 #or a constant e4terna1 force actin3 on an object5 the bi33er the mass of the object5 the sma11er is its acce1eration. /c0/i0 To find the re1ationship between acce1eration and the mass of an object. /C0/ii0 )anipu"ated aria$"e +)*,: mass of the object5 m Re!pondin% aria$"e +R*,: acce1eration of the object5 a -i&ed aria$"e +-*,: force actin3 on the object5 #

". Inference

+B depends on $B *+ $B inf1uences +B

%. H!pothesis

The 1on3er;bi33er the $B the 1on3er;sma11er the +B

&. (im

To find the re1ationship between the $B and the +B

:. Bariab1e

List down the: $anipu1ated Bariab1e /$B0 +espondin3 Bariab1e /+B0 Constant Bariab1e /CB0 that are u!ed in the e&periment

=. 92uipment or (pparatus

List a11 apparatus and materia1s used

/C0/iii0 Ticker tape5 ce11ophane tape5 three identica1 e1astic cords;rubber bands5 ticker timer5 three tro11e!s5 two retort stand with c1amps as support5 power supp1!5 runwa! for

>

tro11e!. /C0/i60

>. ,ia3ram

,raw the correct dia3ram

,raw the correct dia3ram

?. Procedure

-rite in passi6e form I past tense. The procedures must inc1ude: o $ethod of measurin3 the first 6a1ue of $B. o $ethod of measurin3 the +B o +epetition of e4periments usin3 at 1east another & $B

-rite down the procedures

/C0/ 60 /i0 The apparatus is set up as shown in the fi3ure. /ii0 the ticker timer which is connected to the " B a.c. power supp1! is started and the tro11e! is pu11ed down the runwa!.The e1astic cord is a1wa!s maintained at the same 1en3th and para11e1 with the tro11e!. /iii0 The ticker obtained is cut into :-tick strips and a tape chart for the motion of the tro11e! is made. The acce1eration of the tro11e!5 a5 is ca1cu1ated and recorded. /i60 The steps are repeated with " and then % identica1 tro11e!s stacked up. #or each case5 the e1astic cord is kept stretched unti1 the end of the runwa!. /C0/6i0 $ass5 m ; number of tro11e! " % & : ;m (cce1er ation5 a ; cm s-"

@. Tabu1ation of data

,raw the basic tab1e to record data

,raw tab1e to record data

Norma11! must ha6e a minimum of : tria1s;data

/6ii0 the 3raph of acce1eration5 a a3ainst m /or a a3ainst ;m0 is p1otted. / point wi11 be 3i6en for 9ITH9+ /a0 writin3: 7the 3raph of a a%ain!t m /or a a%ain!t ./m0 is p1otted8 5 or /b0 an! of these %raph !0etche!. (LL 1abe1s must be present.0

A. (na1!sis of data

Sketch the 3raph with suitab1e 2uantities.

Samp"e 1ue!tion +Ph2!ic! Paper 33 !ection B,

#i3ure shows a fisherman startin3 his fishin3 journe! in the mornin3. #i3ure " shows the fisherman returned with a boat 1oaded with fish. *n his return journe!5 he rowed with the same stren3th as he started5 but the boat mo6ed much s1ower.

#i3ure

#i3ure "

Gsin3 the information on the fisherman and his e4perience5 /a0 make one suitab1e inferenceH O markP /b0 state one appropriate h!pothesis that cou1d be in6esti3atedH O markP /c0 desi3n an e4periment to test !our h!pothesis stated in /b0H Choose suitab1e apparatus such as tro11e!5 ticker timer and other apparatus. In !our description5 state c1ear1! the fo11owin3H /i0 aim of the e4periment5 /ii0 6ariab1es in the e4periment5 /iii0 1ist of apparatus and materia1s5 /i60 arran3ement of the apparatus5 /60 the procedure of the e4periment which inc1udes the method of contro11in3 the manipu1ated 6ariab1e and the method of measurin3 the respondin3 6ariab1e5 /6i0 the wa! !ou wou1d tabu1ate the data5 /6ii0 the wa! !ou wou1d ana1!se the data. O A marksP (nswer /a0 (cce1eration of the boat decreases when its mass is increased. /b0 #or a constant e4terna1 force actin3 on an object5 the bi33er the mass of the object5 the sma11er is its acce1eration. /c0 /i0 to determine the re1ationship between acce1eration and the mass of an object. /ii0 $anipu1ated 6ariab1e: mass of the object5 m +espondin3 6ariab1e: acce1eration of the object5 a #i4ed 6ariab1e: force actin3 on the object5 # /iii0 Ticker tape5 ce11ophane tape5 three identica1 e1astic cords;rubber bands5 ticker timer5 three tro11e!s5 two retort stand with c1amps as support5 power supp1!5 runwa! for tro11e!. /i60

/60

- The apparatus is set up as shown in the fi3ure. - the ticker timer which is connected to the " B a.c. power: supp1! is started and the tro11e! is pu11ed down the runwa!. - The e1astic cord is a1wa!s maintained at the same 1en3th and para11e1 with the tro11e!. - The ticker obtained is cut into :-tick strips and a tape chart for the motion of the tro11e! is made. The acce1eration of the tro11e!5 a5 is ca1cu1ated and recorded. - The steps repeated with " and then % identica1 tro11e!s stacked up. #or each case5 the e1astic cord is kept stretched unti1 the end of the runwa!. $ass5 m ; number of tro11e! ;m (cce1eration5 a ; cm s-"

Norma11! must ha6e a minimum of : tria1s;data

" % & : /6ii0 the 3raph of acce1eration5 a a3ainst m /or a a3ainst ;m0 is p1otted.

point wi11 be 3i6en for 9ITH9+ /a0 writin3: 7the 3raph of a a%ain!t m /or a a%ain!t ./m0 is p1otted8 5 or /b0 an! of these %raph !0etche!. (LL 1abe1s must be present.

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