A&P Bio 2870 Exam 4

1. Agents that increase urine excretion are known as DIURETICS 2. The majority of glomeruli are located in the CORTEX of the kidney 3. The mechanism for producing a concentrated urine involves a. Secretion b. Aquaporins being inserted c. High concentration of NaCl 4. The ridge of oral mucosa that surrounds the base of the a tooth. GINGIVA 5. MOLARS teeth with flattened crowns and prominent ridges that are adapted for crushing and grinding 6. Function of the stomach except: ABSORPTION OF TRIGLYCERIDES 7. Parietal cells secrete: HYDROCHLORIC ACID 8. The region of the stomach that empties into the duodenum. PYLORIS 9. The prominent ridges in the lining of the empty stomach. RUGAE 10. The duodenal ampulla receives secretions from the COMMON BILE DUCT AND PANCREATIC DUCT 11. The intestinal hormone that stimulates the pancreas to release a watery bicarbonate rich fluid. SECRETION 12. The fusion of hepatic duct and cystic duct form COMMON BILE DUCT 13. The basic functional unit of the liver LOBULE 14. The pancreas produces PROTEINS digesting enzymes in the form of proenzymes 15. Nutrients absorbed by all, except: OSMOSIS 16. Lamina propria and mucous epith. are components of MUCOSA 17. Haustra are EXPANSIBLE POUCHES OF THE COLON 18. The roof of the oral cavity is formed by THE HARD PALATE AND THE SOFT PALATE 19. All are the functions of the tongue except. PARTITIONING THE OROPHARYNX FROM THE NASOPHARYNX **For 20-23 Look at the figure of the nephron 20. Where the physiological process takes place 21. Where countercurrent multiplication occurs 22. Where nutrient reabsorption happens 23. Where it is sensitive to hormone ADH 24. Urine passes in order. COLLECTING DUCT, RENAL PELVIS, URETER, BLADDER, URETHRA 25. Organs that are a part of the urinary system except: URETHRA 26. The urinary system does all the following except: EXCRETES EXCESS ALBUEN MOLECULES 27. Enzyme amylase digests: POLYSACCHARIDES

A&P Bio 2870 Exam 4

28. Blockage of the common hepatic duct interferes with the digestion of: FATS AND COMPLEX CARBS **For 29-31 Look at stomach figure 29. What regulates gastric emptying 30. What is the oblique muscle layer 31. What helps the stomach to stretch as it fills 32. Bowmans capsule and glomerulus MAKE UP THE RENAL CORPUSCLE 33. What is the order of which air passes through the airways 34. Carbs digestion begins in THE MOUTH 35. The oral mucosa has STRATIFIED SQUAMOUS EPITH. 36. Which of the following is greater. THE CONCENTRATION OF THE SOLUTE IN FILTRATE AT THE BOTTOM OF THE NEPHRON LOOP 37. What is the organ primarily responsible for water absorption. LARGE INTESTINE 38. What is the double layer sheets of the serous membrane that support the viscera. MESENTERIES 39. What is the U-shaped segment of the nephron. NEPHRON LOOP 40. When the level of ADH decreases. MORE URINE IS PRODUCED AND THE OSMOLARITY OF THE URINE DECREASES 41. Ureters and urinary bladder are lined by TRANSITIONAL EPITH. 42. Blood enters the glomerulus through a blood vessel called the AFFERENT ARTERIOLE 43. The process of filtration occurs at THE BOWMANS CAPSULE 44. The renal threshold of glucose is 180 MG/DL 45. The primary function of proximal convoluted tubule is THE ABSORPTION OF IONS, ORGANIC MOLECULES, VITAMINS, WATER 46. Normal constituent of urine are except: PROTEINS 47. The tubular reabsorption involves all of the following except. STEM CELL MOVEMENTS 48. Chloride ion is reabsorbed in the thick ascending limb by COTRANSPORTING WITH NA AND K IONS 49. Describe the nephron loop: RELIES ON COUNTERCURRENT MULTIPLICATION, CREATES HIGH INTERSTITIAL NACL CONCENTRATION, AND ENABLES PRODUCTION OF HYPERTONIC URINE 50. The larynx, trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles all make up THE LOWER RESPIRATORY TRACT 51. True of the pharynx- Nasopharynx is superior, oropharnyx connects to the oral cavity, laryngopharynx ends at the esophagus opening, solids, liquids, and gases pass through False of pharynx- Shared by integumentary and respiratory systems

A&P Bio 2870 Exam 4

Structure- Upper Airways 52. Function of nasal conchae- Swirl air within the respiratory passageways, improve warming og air, create narrow passages, help olfaction 53. Identify oropharynx 54. Function of epiglottis- Prevent food from entering larynx 55. Identify structure that vibrates to produce sound 56. Actual site of gas exchange within the lungs- Alveoli 57. Which respiratory organ has a cardiac notch- Left lung 58. 1 Atmosphere of pressure- 760 mmHg 59. What happens if intrapulmonic pressure if 763 mmHg- exhalation 60. Inspiratory reserve volume- Amount of air that you can inhale above the resting tidal volume 61. Function of pulmonary ventilation is to- maintain adequate alveolar ventilation 62. Alveolar ventilation rate= Respiratory rate x (Tidal volume anatomic dead space) 63. Partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood pressure approximately- 100 mmHg 64. Daltons law of gases- Partial pressure of gas in a mix of gases 65. Most of Carbon dioxide in blood is transported as- Bicarbonate ions 66. Which factors would increase the amount of oxygen discharged by Hemoglobin to peripheral tissues- Decreased pH 67. The most important chemical regulator of respiration- Carbon dioxide 68. Pneumotaxic center of the pons- Modifies the rate and depth of breathing 69. Pneumotaxic centers of the pons- Inhibit apneustic centers, promote passive or active exhalation, receive input from the hypothalamus and cerebrum, and modify respiratory rate and depth 70. In emphysema- Alveoli collapse, compliance increases, elevated PCO2 in the blood, and depressed PO2 in the blood 71. During choking, most foreign objects lodge in the- Right primary bronchus due to the large diameter and steeper angle

A&P Bio 2870 Exam 4

72. If a patient inhales as deep as possible and then exhales as much as possible, volume of air expelled would be the patients- Vital capacity 73. If the glomerular capillary pressure is 69 mmHg, the pressure in the capillary space is 15 mmHg, the colloid osmotic pressure is 30 mmHg, and no plasma proteins are filtered in glomerulus. What is the new filtration pressure- 24 mmHg 74. The filtration barrier in the renal corpuscle is made of 3 layers- Endothelium of glomerulus, the dense layer of the glomerulus, and the podocyte filtration slits 75. If your stomach is mostly removed to lose weight, you will be at risk for- Pernicious anemia

Figures from Exam 4: Upper Airways: -Function of nasal conchae- Swirl air within the respiratory passageways, improve warming og air, create narrow passages, help olfaction -Identify oropharynx -Function of epiglottis- Prevent food from entering larynx -Identify structure that vibrates to produce sound

Nephron: -Site of concurrent multiplication- Nephron loop -Site of filtration- Glomerulus -Site of the majority of nutrient reabsorption- Proximal convoluted tubule

Stomach: -Site of regulation for gastric emptying- Pyloric sphincter -Identify the oblique muscle layer -Helps the stomach stretch when filled with food- Rugae

A&P Bio 2870 Exam 4

Order of air passage1. Primary bronchus 2. Secondary bronchus 3. Bronchioles 4. Terminal bronchiole 5. Respiratory bronchiole 6. Alveolar ducts 7. Alveoli