CHAPTER 1 i)Explain the concept of energy conservation and its need.

-------------------------------------ii)State the basic elements of energy management------------------------------------Discuss the use of capacitors for improvement of power factor in electrical system. State advantages of power factor correction. -----------------------------------State concept of energy conservation & explain how energy can be conserved in various sectors. Describe tools & concepts applicable to energy management. Describe the principles of energy management. State energy conservation in different sectors/areas. Explain any TWO. Explain energy conservation in different sectors/areas. Explain any Two Discuss elements of energy management. Define Energy. Explain concept of Energy Conservation Describe the principles of energy management

CHAPETER 2 Write a note on energy conservation opportunies (steps that can be taken) with respect to use of motors. Describe energy efficient motors and state its advantage In a department of a big industry the total load is 1500kw and its power-factor is 0.72 lagging.It is desired to improve power-factor from .72 to .998 by adding static capacitor bank.If the tariff for electrical energy is Rs. 0.25/kwh plus Rs. 225/KVA of max. demand per annum and the department operates for 4500 hrs. per year Find saving in energy bill if the annual cost of the capacitor is Rs. 30 per KVAR. Explain new developments in energy efficient lamps Write a note on loads with low power-factor and also causes of low power-factor in powersystem.State methods of improving powerfactor. Write a brief note on CFL(Compact fluroscent lamp) and ii) electronic ballast Explain the advantages in the use of electronic control for induction motor drives from energy conservation point of view. Explain advantages and applications of PAM motors Discuss main merits of energy efficient motor
Draw general schematic of PAM motor connections & explain it.

A factory operates at 0.7 power factor lagging and has a monthly demand of 780KVA. The monthly power rate is Rs.7.50 per KVA. To improve the PF 280KVA capacitors costing Rs.25000 are installed having negligible power loss . Fixed charges are estimated at 10% per year. Calculate the annual saving

effected by the use of capacitors A 3 phase, 50 Hz, 400 volts motor develops 75 KW at power factor 0.75 lagging & efficiency 90%. A bank of capacitors is connected in delta across the supply terminals and power factor is raised to 0.9 lagging. Each of the capacitance unit is built of 4 similar 100v capacitors. Determine the capacitance of each capacitor. Explain advantages of power factor improvement also explain methods of improving power factor. Which method should be used? Explain the measures to improve efficiency of motor by design. In a machine winding shop illumination is made by connecting 300 fixtures of 250 watt filament lamps having luminous efficiency of 14.5lumens/watt. It is now proposed to save electrical energy by replacing old -fixtures by new one of 120 numbers each of 150 watts HPMV lamps having luminous efficiency of 30lumens/watt. If the energy charge is Rs. 2.35 per unit (KWh) and lamps operate for 3500 hours per year find the following (1) Savings in electrical energy consumed per year.(2) Savings in electrical bill per year. A 3-, 10 kW induction motor has a power factor of 0.7 lagging. A bank of capacitors is connected in delta across the supply terminals and power factor is raised to 0.9 lagging. Determine the kVAR rating of the capacitors connected in each phase. Efficiency of motor is 90%. State steps of economical design for illumination scheme. Write short note on electronic ballast. Explain energy conservation in the electric Arc-Furnaces and welding. Explain good practices in lighting. Explain how energy can be saved by soft starter. Write short note on Incandescent lamps. Discuss general schematic of PAM motor connections & explain advantages of PAM motor. Describe different steps to improve the efficiency of motor by design. Explain energy saving in series-parallal control of traction motor. Explain different methods for power factor improvement in the factory. State & explain factors affecting motor performance. Explain how energy can be saved in series parallel control of traction motor.

State advantages of electronic control & describe variable voltage speed control of a squirrel cage induction m Describe energy efficient motors and state its advantages.

State steps of economical (optimum) design for illumination scheme. What is energy efficient motor? State its advantages.-----------------------------------------Discuss the PAM motor. State its advantages.--------------------------------------------------Explain how energy can be saved in welding equipments.-----------------------------------Explain good practices in lighting.-----------------------------------------------------Write short note on electronic ballast.--------------------------------------------Write short note on T5 Tube.------------------------------------------------------------------CHAPTER 3 State various methods to calculate annual depreciation charges and explain sinking fund method. Explain the term interest & depreciation Cost of a project is Rs 8, 70,000. Scrap value is Rs 1, 20,000.Its economic working life is 10years. Annual income of project is 2, 50,000. Its operating cost is Rs 96,000/year. Take rate of interest 12%/year. Find: (a)Annual return of investment and pay back period (b)Depreciation amount/year by sinking fund method A factory takes a load of 300 kW at 0.7 power factor lagging for 3000 hours per annum. The tariff is Rs.200/kVA and 10 paise/kWh consumed. If the power factor is improved to 0.9 lagging by means of capacitors costing Rs. 300/kVAR and having power loss of 100 Watt/kVA. Calculate the annual saving effected by their use. Allow 10% per annum for interest and depreciation. Explain the condition of economically justifiable an energy project. For a 440 volt 3 ph 7.5 KW 1500 rpm induction motor operated for 6000hrs / year Motor A (Ordinary motor) : Price :Rs 20,000 Efficiency :86% Motor B (EEM) : Price :Rs 30000 Efficiency: 90% Cost of energy Rs 4.5/KWH and rate of interest is 18% Find total annual saving, payback period and return on investment. Determine the saving in annual energy cost as well as annual running cost for energy efficient motor replacing the existing 400v 75kw 1460rpm slip-ring induction motor operated for 4800hr/yr. Motor (A) guaranteed efficiency at full-load 86% Initial cost 48000 Rs Motor (B) guaranteed efficiency at fullload 92% Initial cost 75000 Rs. The rate of interest and depreciation is 16% and the tariff is Rs.2.5/kwh An industrial plant has an initial value of Rs. 2,80000 and salvage value Rs.24000 at the end of 20 yrs.Determine the value of plant at the end of 10 yrs.,using sinking fund method at 8% compounded annually.

An energy conservation project has a initial cost of Rs. 150x105 and its salvage value is Rs 15x105 after its useful life of 20 years. What would be its valuation after 10 years based upon the following : (1) Straight line depreciation method. (2) Sinking fund depreciation at 8% interest compounded annually. Determine (1) Annual savings in cost of energy (2) Payback period by use of a energy efficient electric motor operating for 3000 hours/annum & having following data : Details of motor A Motor B Load on motor 47.5 KW & 47.5 KW Efficiency 80% & 85% First cost Rs. 75000 & Rs. 95000 Cost/KWh Rs. 2.0 & Rs. 2.0 Interest & depreciation rate 10% & 10%

An industry has a maximum demand of 210 KW at a power factor of 0.75 lagging is charged at Rs. 90 / KVA / annum. If the phase advancing equipment costs Rs. 150 / KVAR is used to improve power factor. Find the most economical power factor at which the industry should operate. Interest and depreciation total 10 % of the capital investment on the phase

advancing equipment. In energy storage project initial investment is Rs.11, 50,000/-, its salvage value is Rs. 1, 50,000/-. Its economi years and annual income of the project is Rs.3, 15,000/-. Its operating cost is Rs.1, 15,000/-. Assume interest rate is 12% per annum. Calculate (i) Annual return on investment and pay back period. (ii) Find depreciation amount per year by sinking fund method. State various methods to calculate annual depreciation charge and explain sinking fund method.

In an energy conservation plant the initial cost is Rs. 7, 87,000 and salvage value after its 8 years of operation is Rs, 2,56,000. If the annual income of the plant is Rs. 85,000. Calculate its (i) return of income and (ii) Pay back period. Also calculate (iii) the depreciation fund by sinking fund method. Take annual rate of interest on investment as 12 percentages. A factory takes a load of 200 KW at 0.75 power factor lagging for 2500 hours per annum. The tariff is Rs.150/KVA plus 5 Paise/KWh consumed. If the power factor is improved to 0.9 lagging by means of capacitors costing Rs. 400/KVAR and having a power loss of 100 watt/KVA. Calculate the annual saving affected by their use. Allow 10% per annum for interest and depreciation. CHAPTER 4

State types of combined cycle power plant and explain any one of them Explain advantages and disadvantages of co-generation State the factors for high T&D losses Explain power quality monitoring systems Write a note on steps to be taken for performance improvement of existing power plant . Explain how energy conservation can take place by Demand Side Management. Explain briefly remedial actions to reduce transmission losses. -------------------------

Explain the working of a combined cycle power plant with appropriate diagram. Explain the significance of small hydro power plants from energy conservation point of view. Give classification of various sources of energy available in nature. Discuss remedial actions to reduce transmission losses. Explain energy conservation by Demand side management. State & explain the condition of economically justifiable an energy project. Explain combined cycle power plant with suitable diagram & write its advantages. States varies methods of controlling maximum demand & explain any ONE in details. State the advantage of power qualities monitoring system. How it is useful in energy conservation? Explain it. Write short note on small hydro power plant. Explain how energy can be conserve by Demand Side Management. Explain remedial action to reduce transmission losses. Explain energy conservation by energy balance. Discuss the method of controlling maximum demand. State the advantages of co-generation. Explain topping cycle co-generation power plant with diagram Write short note on small hydro power plant. Explain points to be considered for performance improvement of existing power plant with respect to boiler, heat recovery system and steam condensate. Explain remedial action to reduce transmission losses. Discuss the method of controlling maximum demand. CHAPTER 5 Explain the concept of energy audit. Explain preliminary energy audit and detailed energy audit and

give comparison between the two. Write a note on tools to be used for energy audit. State energy audit concept & elements of energy audit. Write short note on any ONE of the following(1) Tools of energy audit. (2) Procedure of energy audit for 3 phase I.M. Explain the steps for diagnostic approach of energy audit. Write the importance of energy audit in the energy conservation technique. Write importance of energy audit and also explain detailed energy audit. Explain preliminary energy audit Explain concept of energy audit Explain energy audit of a poly phase induction motor Explain Demand Side Management