Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Compiled by S.E. Kroll (Iran), M. Roaf, St J. Simpson and T. Sinclair (Turkey), 1996 Introduction
Turkey The Roman empire occupied parts of the area covered by the map, and from 591 nearly all of it. Moreover, irrespective of political hegemony, the Armenian and Syrian regions here were by virtue of culture and religion an extension of the Greek and Roman world. Armenia in the Roman and Late Antique periods was bounded to the west by the R. Euphrates and to the south by the Taurus mountains, apart from the upper Tigris basin (districts of Ingilene, Sophanene and Arzanene). The area to the south of the Taurus was not considered part of Armenia nor settled by Armenians, but was inhabited by Syrians. The northern edge of the map more or less coincides with the boundary of Armenia in the Roman and Late Antique periods, except towards the east, where significant districts of Armeniathe plain east of the R. Araxes and the mountainous area around Lychnitis Limnelie within Map 88. The parts of Armenia on Map 89 consist mostly of plains separated by mountains and hills. Elevation rises from west to east, reaching about 5,000 ft in the Thospitis Limne basin. It drops, however, in the basin of Matiane Limne and the Araxes plain further north; these two areas were part of Atropatene during classical antiquity, but were counted within Armenia by the early seventh century A.D. (they are now in Iranian Azerbaijan). Despite its height and partly mountainous nature, the terrain of Armenia was capable of supporting a large and quite evenly dispersed population. Pottery surveys, together with such excavation as has taken place, show that Armenia was most densely populated during the Roman period, with the exception of the Thospitis Limne region, where the pre-Achaemenid Urartian occupation was the most active. Archaeological excavation over the whole area, within classical Armenia or beyond, has been largely confined to rescue work behind the dams on the Euphrates and Tigris rivers, and to pre-Achaemenid sites elsewhere. Pottery surveys apart, surface-instrument survey of sites, as opposed to standing monuments, has been mostly limited to Urartian settlements. This said, Atropatene is an exception on both counts. More systematic excavation work could well lead to more complete and satisfactory identification of known toponyms, and would certainly permit a better-balanced picture of occupation with the inclusion of significant unnamed sites. Except in Atropatene, virtually none of the unnamed sites excavated counts as significant at this scale. For the most part, the toponyms known from Greek and Latin sources occur in texts whichfrom a geographic perspectiveare highly unsystematic. They are therefore supplemented selectively by Armenian and Syriac names. Iraq and Syria The difficulties of working with limited evidence (both written and material) in this general area, as outlined in the Introduction to Map 91, apply here likewise. The standard study of the region during classical antiquity is the important and useful work of Dillemann (1962). Unfortunately, however, many of his proposals cannot be confirmed, and his locations for ancient toponyms (except in a few cases) are disputed. Although large numbers of churches and monasteries are recorded in texts (Fiey 1965), relatively few of them can be identified with existing ruins, and even fewer such sites can be shown to have existed before the Islamic period. The road system is discussed by Dillemann (1962) and Oates (1968; 1990). Only small fragments of constructed roads have been discovered, and none of these is securely dated. Bridges have been identified as Roman, although they may date to a later period. Some milestones have been found, but perhaps not in situ. Hollow ways identified on the plains of northern Iraq and Syria (Wilkinson 1995) may indicate the positions of ancient routes.
MAP 89 ARMENIA
1269
There is no evidence for large-scale canal building except in the river valleys. A canal (not marked) investigated between Tell Sahlan and Tell Hammam al-Turkmen in the R. Balihu valley has been dated by excavation to the Hellenistic period (Gerritsen 1996). In all likelihood, during classical times, as today, canals were constructed to irrigate the river valleys. Iran See Introduction to Map 90.
Directory
All place names are in Turkey unless otherwise noted Abbreviations
GCyp ...G GCyp ...H TIB Kappadokien H. Gelzer (ed.), Georgii Cyprii Descriptio Orbis Romani, Teubner, Leipzig, 1890 (for passages omitted from Honigmanns edition) E. Honigmann (ed.), Le Synekdmos dHirokls et lopuscule gographique de Georges de Chypre, Brussels, 1939 F. Hild and M. Restle, Tabula Imperii Byzantini 2, Kappadokien (Kappadokia, Charsianon, Sebasteia und Lykandos), DenkWien 149, 1981
Names
Grid B2 C3 D1 E1 E3 C3 D1 F4 C3 B1 F2 C3 E4 H3 B3 D2 A1 Name Abarne Aborras/ Chaboras fl. Abos M. Acachia Ad fl. Tigrim Ad Pontem? = Tel Afar Ad Tygrem/ Amida Adconfluentes Adiabene Adipte Aegea = Elegeia Aga M. Aghtamar Ain al-Qerd Ain Sinu/ Zagurae? Zogorra? Ain-i Rum tepe Aisoumas M. Akbas Akilisene Period L R L L L/ L L L R L ACHR RL?/ R?L L CH L L HR Modern Name / Location ermik SYR / TKY Bingl Da Tutak? Cizre Diyarbakr Kprky IRQ 4 miles E Bismil? mountains between Derzene plain and Satala Aghtamar SYR Ain al-Shaheed IRQ IRN Karaca Da Baka Kale districts of Kemah and Eriza in upper R. Euphrates valley, and of Ovack to S Kemah near Var village IRN near R. Balikh SYR Lake Van region Bakale? Reference GCyp 931H; Honigmann 1935, 35 See Map 91 Strabo 11.14.2, 13; T. Sinclair GeogRav 2.9; T. Sinclair Dillemann 1962, 160 Palmer 1990; Sinclair 1996, VII.2 Manandian 1965, 91, 96-98 See Map 91 Sinclair 1996, VII.2 RE Xerxene, col. 2094; T. Sinclair Garsoian 1989, 438 Lyonnet 1996, site 38 Oates 1968, 73-92 Dillemann 1962, 136 Kroll 2000, UR 107 Honigmann 1935, 25 Honigmann 1935, 24-25, 27; T. Sinclair Adontz 1970, 43-45
G2 B4 E2 G2 B1
Aladagh Qal'eh Alagma Alaina? = Tell Hayal Alarodioi Alouaka Altntepe Amida = Ad Tygrem
RL R C R CL
Kleiss 1979, 202-203, 233-34 T. Feyter Hewsen 1983, 126, 129-31, 133 Ptol. 6.2.10 Summers 1993, 88-95
1270 Grid C3 Name Ammodios/ Amouda Ammidios Ammodion Amudis Chanmaudi? Anaetica Regio Anastasioupolis = Dara Andaga Ani Antiochia = Nisibis Antiochia Arabis/ Antoninopolis/ Tella/ Constantia/ Maximianopolis Antitaurus M. Antoninopolis = Antiochia Arabis Anzita Anzitene *Aphoumon/ Kish Apostoli, Mon. [Apqu] = Tell Abu Marya *Aquae Frigidae = Meiacarire Ar(a)ban = Shadikanni Arabia Arade Araxenon Pedion Araxes fl. Arba-ilu = Arbela Arban = Shadikanni Arbayestan/ Beth Arbaye Bearbaes? Arbela/ Arba-ilu Arbelitis Artakene? Arcaiapis = Charcha Archene *Arda? = *Artales Arest/ Dagnevana Aretissa L. = Arsissa L. *Aribacha *Arkathiokerta/ Artagigarta/ Baras/ Basileon Phrourion/ Ingila Armanas Armenia Arnay? Period R?L/ R?L
MAP 89 ARMENIA Modern Name / Location Amuda SYR Reference Dillemann 1962, 159
B1 E1 B1 B3
L R L RL R/ RL/ L/ L/ L HR RL RL RL L/ L L
Dilleman 1962, 136 Russell 1987, 248; T. Sinclair Manandian 1965, 91, 97-98; T. Sinclair ItMiller 676, 679, 682; Garsoian 1989, 442 RE Antiocheia 9; RE Antoninopolis; Honigmann 1935, 21; Dillemann 1962, 107 RE Antitauros Ptol. 5.12.8; Sinclair 1989a, 103-104, 137, 139 Adontz 1970, 27-32 GCyp 939H; Sinclair 1996, VIII.3 Thierry 1976
B1 B2 B2 D2 D2
Antitaurus Tilenzit (renamed Korluca) Elaz plain and neighboring W bank of upper R. Euphrates Zercel Kale Arak kilisesi
B3 C3 F1 E1 D4 G4
L HRL HR
Tektek Da and district of Viranehir SYR plain of R. Araxes N Mt. Ararat and W Artaxata
Dillemann 1962, 77; T. Sinclair Lyonnet 1996, site 25 Garsoian 1989, 451-52; T. Sinclair See Map 90
D2 F2 E3 C2
R L/ L L HR/ R/ L/ L/ L L CHRL L
Markwart 1930, 76-77 Garsoian 1989, 445; Sinclair 1996, VII.3.1; T. Sinclair GCyp 940H; Honigmann 1935, 30-31; T. Sinclair Hbschmann 1904, 304; RE ; Dillemann 1962, 121
E1 C1 G2
MAP 89 ARMENIA Grid E2 B3 B2 B2 F1 B2 F2 Name Arreston Klima Arsameia Arsamosata Arsanias fl. Arsinos? fl. Arsesa/ Elegosine Arsinia Arsissa/ Aretissa L. Arsakis Limne Arsene L. Artagigarta = *Arkathiokerta *Artales/ *Arda? Artaxata Neronias Artemita Arxama = Arzamon Arxata Arzamon fl. Arzamon/ Arxama Arcamo Arzanene Arziyayad tepe Ashtishat (As)Syria Astaunitis/ Asthianene Attachas Autisparate/ Theodosiopolis Bagauna/ Sagouana Raugonia Bagrauandene Baioulous = Balisbiga Balabitene Balad/ Shahrabadh Balajuk tepe *Balaleisa = Cymiza Balihu/ Balissus fl. Balisbiga/ Baioulous Balissus fl. = Balihu fl. Balouos = Cymiza *Banabela Baranduz tepe Barantea Baras = *Arkathiokerta Barbare Barabeta Barsalium Barzala Period L H HRL HRL L R L HR/ R Modern Name / Location Rshtunik, district of Vastauna Gerger Kale Haraba lower R. Euphrates (Murat Su) plain of Erci (Eski) Ergani? L. Erek Reference Adontz 1970, 11 RE 3; Drner 1939, 16-29, 86-91 RE; Sinclair 1989a, 112-15, 136-37 RE 1 Procop., Bell. 1.17.21 RE Elegosine; RE Tigris 1, col. 1010; Hewsen 1992, 333; T. Sinclair ItMiller 739; Sinclair 1989a, 265-66 RE; T. Sinclair
1271
C1 G1 F2 H1 C4 C3 D2 H2 D2 B4 C2 C2 D1 F1 E1 B2 E4 G3 B4 B2
citadel of Ki peninsula in R. Aras, near Aralik ARM Edremit Shahtakht? Zergan Harzem upper Tigris basin E Nymphios fl. SE Salmas IRN Derik Euphrates plain around Bingl Anta, formerly Hattakh Erzurum Kilise plain of Ar plain of Palu Eski Mosul IRQ near Lur village IRN SYR / TKY
GCyp 957G; Honigmann 1935, 16-17; Sinclair 1989a, 130-31, 142-43; 1990, 372; T. Sinclair RE Hewsen 1982, 140 RE; R.H. Hewsen Whitby 1986, 242 RE; Dillemann 1962, 103, 159 Dillemann 1962, 121-23 Kroll 2000, SL 5 Garsoian 1989, 449-50 See Map 3 Garsoian 1989, 467-68 GCyp 938H; Honigmann 1935, 37 RE Theodosiopolis 2; Manandian 1965, 91, 98; T. Sinclair EncIran 1.428; Garsoian 1989, 452 ItMiller 677 Garsoian 1989, 452-53 Hewsen 1992, 155 (n. 34) EncIs; Morony 1982 Kroll 2000, UR 7 See Map 67 Ptol. 5.12.7; Howard-Johnston 1989, 223; T. Sinclair GCyp 924H; Honigmann 1935, 35 Kroll 2000, UR 55 Manandian 1965, 91, 98; T. Sinclair ItMiller 777; Dillemann 1962, 171-73; T. Sinclair RE Barsalion
R/ L L CH L L RL
Palu
C3 H3 E1 B3 B2
Numan Bey Kalesi above Benabil IRN Horasan? Mohammed Khan? Killik
1272 Grid G1 F4 Name Barun Qal'eh Ba'shiqa Basileon Phrourion = *Arkathiokerta Bassiane = Phasiane Bastam Batas-Harir Bavian Beberaci L. Beioubaitha Beioudaes Beth Arbaye = Arbayestan Bezabde/ Zabdaion Chorion Birthon/ Virta? Birthas? Bizana/ Leontopolis Bouana = Thospia Boumelos? fl. Bumodus fl. Bouron fl. Calata Calcidava Carrhae Carsa(g)is = Chorsabia *Castellum Arabum = Shadikanni Castra Maurorum Catispi/ Hatsiun Chaboras fl. = Aborras fl. Chadas Charcha/ Arcaiapis/ Karcharoman Chasira? = Hariza Chauon/ Kaputa/ Gobdi Choda Her [Huwaij] Kapauta Kapoutan Chlomaron Chlomaron = Tigranocerta Cholimma = Tigranocerta Chorsabia/ Carsa(g)is Elegarsina? Chorz(i)ane(ne) Chosomachon Chothaitai *Chozana Period CH L
MAP 89 ARMENIA Modern Name / Location near Imam Quli Kandi IRN IRQ Reference Kleiss 1976, 36; Kroll 2000, MK 47 Morony 1982, 14
G2 G4 F4 D4 D3 E3 C3 C1 F4 C4 E2 D1 B4
near Bastam village IRN IRQ IRQ Lake Khatuniya SYR Fafe Hendek Mirdon? in S part of Tercan plain perhaps R. Khazir and R. Gomel IRQ Dara Ahlat? Ilca Altnbaak, formerly Harran
Kroll 1988 Boehmer 1973 Mathiesen 1992, 184-85 ItMiller 781-82; Oates 1990, 231-32 GCyp 930H Palmer 1990, 23, 152 (n. 25) RE Bezabde; RE Zabdicene, col. 2202; Algaze 1989, 250-52; T. Sinclair GCyp 937H; RE Birtha 2; Honigmann 1935, 14, 37 RE; Adontz 1970, 16-17, 133, 136; T. Sinclair RE Gaugamela, cols. 862-63 Whitby 1986, 44 (n. 2) RE Manandian 1965, 91, 98-99; T. Sinclair See Map 67
D3 G1 E1 C3
L L/ L L RL/ L/ L HRL/ R/ L
forts of Sapha, on Izzeddin Da, 'Abra, and camp of Lln Hatsiun IRN Elekirt or nearby tepe, formerly Kerh
Poidebard 1934, 159-60; T. Sinclair ItMiller 748, 781; Honigmann 1935, 29; Kleiss 1979a Manandian 1965, 91, 97; T. Sinclair Honigmann 1935, 25; Sinclair 1996, VII.2
G2
Khoy IRN
D2 A1 C1 A1 D2 B1
CL
Golamasya
L L L
river system of upper Peri Su in Khoyt district in Taurus Mts. Ulu Kale
Adontz 1970, 14-15; Hewsen 1992, 155 (n. 28) See Map 64 GCyp 946G GCyp 951G; T. Sinclair
MAP 89 ARMENIA Grid C2 D3 F1 B2 Name Coissa Colchana Kolsa Colchion Colchis Coloceia = *Zolocerta Commisimbela? = Tell Sahlan Constantia =Antiochia Arabis Corduena = Gordyene Corvilu = Korra Cymiza/ *Balaleisa/ Balouos Cyriacus, Mon. Dabanas Dadima Dagnevana = Arest Dara/ Anastasioupolis Daranalis Daranissa = Gymnias Darman Darucinte/ Tareina?/ Horonon? Datamisa = Gymnias Dauduana/ Dyzanas Derzene Deyrulzafaran Didima Digesine Doubios Duger Durba Qal'eh Dur-Sharrukin Dyzanas = Dauduana Elegeia/ Aegea (E)Legerda/ Illyrisos *Elegoana Elegosine = Arsesa Eleia? = Tell Hayal Entsakisar M. Eriza Eski Hizan Euphrates fl. Fakhrikah Fesh-Khabur/ Peroz-Shapur? Gali Zardak Period L L R L RL? Modern Name / Location erbetin Kelleha Tarlas near Ar Yukar Huh Reference ItMiller 739; Sinclair 1989a, 285-86 Dillemann 1962, 165; Sinclair 1996, VII.2; T. Sinclair Manandian 1965, 91, 97; T. Sinclair ItMiller 739; T. Sinclair
1273
E2 C3 C2 B2 C3 A1 H2 C1
L/ L/ L L RL L L/ L L
Bitlis Der Diyuk, c. 12 miles N Mardin Dibni Tadm Ouz, formerly Dara district of Ani on upper R. Euphrates IRN Karakulak
GCyp 943H; GCyp 945G; Honigmann 1935, 31-32, 37; Sinclair 1996, VII.3.1 Hage 1966, 107 Honigmann 1935, 13; T. Sinclair Howard-Johnston 1983, 250; Sinclair 1989a, 247 KlPauly Dara 2; Sinclair 1989a, 219-24, 373-78 RE See Map 90 Ptol. 5.12.7; ItMiller 676; Bryer 1985 I, 35; T. Sinclair Ptol. 5.12.10; Sinclair 1996, VII.3.1 RE Sinclair 1989a, 214-19 Manandian 1965, 103; T. Sinclair GCyp 960G; T. Sinclair See Map 88 Meijer 1986, 6 (site 5) Kleiss 1979, 213, 242 OEANE Khorsabad Ptol. 5.12.5; Syme 1958, 395; Manandian 1965, 91, 100; T. Sinclair Ptol. 5.12.8; Adontz 1970, 13-14; Sinclair 1989a, 272-77; T. Sinclair Sinclair 1996, VII.2 Honigmann 1935, 29; T. Sinclair Sinclair 1989, 426-30 Mitford 1986 See Map 93 Huff 1971; Kroll 2000, MB 18-20 Dillemann 1962, 161 Boehmer 1981
E2 B1 C3 F1 A1 G1 D3 H3 F4 C1 C2 F1 E2 B1 E2 A1 H4 E3 F4
Tu, near Tatvan plain of Tercan Didem? W end of Dersim ARM SYR IRN Khorsabad IRQ Pekeri Birkleyn Erci mountains S Deveboynu peninsula Erzincan, old town
1274 Grid B3 D3 F4 G2 H2 H3 G2 H3 D2 E3 H2 E3 E4 B2 D1 Name Ganaba Theganaba? Garine? = Koriaia? Gaugalion M. Gaugamela Gavur Qal'eh Gavur Qal'eh Gavur Qal'eh Gazrik Girdagun Glak, Mon. Glale Gobdi = Chauon Gol tepe Gordyene/ Corduena Grai Darki Gumathene [Guzana] = Tell Halaf Gymnias/ Daranissa/ Datamisa Hajestan Qal'eh Haftavan tepe Hah Hajji Firuz tepe Halaqu Qal'eh Halaqu tepe Hariza/ Chasira? Hasanabad tepe Hasanlu tepe Hassan Khan Qal'eh Hassar Qal'eh Hassis = Haza Hatsiun = Catispi Haza/ Hassis Hiaspis Hirmas/ Mygdon(ios) fl. Hlahlah, Mon. (H)Oraba? = Shadikanni Horonon? = Darucinte Horren/ Lorne Hkani Ichnae? = Tell al-Sadde Idriphthon Ilan Qarra Illyrisos = (E)Legerda Indua Ingila = *Arkathiokerta Ingilene *Inzieta? = Ziata Iohannes Urtius, Mon. Period L R L ACHR CH ACH CH L CH L L CH HRL/ L HR? L C/ R/ L CHL ACHL L RL CH CH RL/ R CH ACH CHL CH RL L R?L/ L L
MAP 89 ARMENIA Modern Name / Location Cimdin Kale S part of Tur Abdin perhaps Tell Gomel IRQ 14 miles SW Khoy IRN E Djulfa IRN Rashakan IRN near Cariq village IRN S Ain-i Rum IRN engelli near Dadar near Alamdar village IRN Bohtan district IRQ district of Abarne Pasinler, formerly Hasankale IRN S Salmas IRN Antl, formerly Hah SE Hasanlu IRN IRN IRN Aruch, near Misun IRN IRN IRN IRN near Balahor Yarba, formerly Isfis / Hespist Jaghjagh SYR / TKY at Lower Dera Reference Dussaud 1927, 494; T. Sinclair Feissel 1989, 544 Palmer 1990, 74, 115-16, 146; T. Sinclair Dillemann 1962, 97, 161 Kleiss 1978a, 34-36, 63 Kleiss 1976a, 108-13, 118-23 Kleiss 1978a, 47-48, 66 Kroll 2000, SL 13 Kroll 2000, NQ 3 Thierry 1983, 398-405 Fiey 1977, 215-16; Sinclair 1989a, 337, 380 Kroll 1984, 32 Hbschmann 1904, 333-34; RE Gordyene Curtis 1987 Dillemann 1962, 103-104, 110, 126 RE; Manandian 1965, 91, 98; Sinclair 1989, 226-32, 525 Kleiss 1979a, 290-96 Burney 1973 Sinclair 1989a, 241-46, 372, 377-79 Voigt 1976, 59 Kroll 2000, MD 18 Kroll 1984, 24-28 Ptol. 5.12.5; Manandian 1965, 91, 94-95; T. Sinclair Kroll 2000, NQ 15 Dyson 1989 Kleiss 1978a, 52, 70 Kleiss 1979a, 290, 301 ItAnt 183.4; ItMiller 676; T. Mitford Palmer 1990, 4 RE Mygdonius 1; Dillemann 1962, 53 Fiey 1977, 197-99; Sinclair 1989a, 333-34, 380 Dillemann 1962, 24-26, 157; T. Sinclair Mitford 1980, 917 Honigmann 1935, 13, 35; Sinclair 1989a, 312-13 Kleiss 1979a, 206-209, 241 Manandian 1965, 103; T. Sinclair Garsoian 1989, 440-41 Palmer 1990, 74-75, 83
G1 G2 D3 H3 H2 H2 F1 H4 H3 G2 G1 B1 D3 D4 E3
C3 B2 C3 G1 E1 B2 C3
L/ L L? L CH L RL L
Qal'at el-Mer'a at Horrin / Glhorrin signal station Hisarkaya, formerly Kale Bozrea? near Hassar village IRN at or near Hamur? district N Ad Tygrem and beneath Taurus Mts. just N Ad Tygrem
MAP 89 ARMENIA Grid B3 C1 G3 E1 C3 G1 G2 E3 Name Iouliopolis? Heba? *Ioustiniane Ioustinianopolis = Maipa Ismail Agha Qal'eh Isumbo/ Patansana/ Zombis Izala/ Masius M. Jarabad tepe Kafir Qal'eh [Kahat] = Tell Barri Kamul, Mon. *Kapauta Limne = Matiane Limne Kapros? fl. = Zabas Mikros fl. Kaputa = Chauon Karcharoman = Charcha Kardouchoi Karenitis Kargan tepe Kaukab M. Kakkabu M. Kentrites/ Tigris/ Zirmas fl. Kepha(s) = (Ris)Kepha(s) Kerefto Keshmesh Khakh Kharaib Mahlabiya Khezerlu Qal'eh Khirbet Deir Situn Khirbet Qasrij Khoy Qiz Qal'eh Kish = *Aphoumon Kitharizon Korde Koriaia?/ Garine? Korra/ Corvilu Kotor(odz) Kuh-i Chorblach Legerda = (E)Legerda Leontopolis = Bizana Lesser Khabur R. Livar Qal'eh Lorne = Horren Lucus Basaro Bressos Lumbad Qal'eh Lykos? fl. = Zabas Megas fl. Period R L L CH L/ L/ L L/ HR CH C L Modern Name / Location ruins near Taraksu 3 m. p. W Bizana; near Vican IRN Patnos? massif from Karaca Da E to R. Tigris E Disaj IRN W Salmas IRN W Dadar Reference Mitford 1980, 924; French 1983, 77-79, 81 ItMiller 684; T. Sinclair Procop., Aed. 3.5.15; Sinclair 1989, 274 Kleiss 1977, 64-68, 98-109 Dillemann 1962, 162; Sinclair 1996, VII.3; T. Sinclair RE ; Palmer 1990, 8, 109 (n. 189) Kroll 2000, UR 78 Kroll 2000, SL 17 Fiey 1970, 106; 1977, 199-200
1275
D3 C1 H3 C4 D3
inhabitants of Bohtan district Erzurum plain near Hassan village IRN Kaukab M. SYR Bohtan Su
RE RE Kroll 2000, UR 134 Khne 1980 Pliny, NH 6.127-28; RE ; Honigmann 1935, 23; T. Sinclair Mitford 1998, 259 Kleiss 1975, 60-62; Kroll 2000, MK 10 Garsoian 1989, 502 Ibrahim 1986, 63, 67 (site 127) Kleiss 1976, 20-24; Kroll 2000, MK 31 Curtis 1987 Killick 1985, 236-37 Kleiss 1974, 80-82; Kroll 2000, KH 1 Howard-Johnston 1989 Dillemann 1962, 228 GCyp 961G; RE ; T. Sinclair Ptol. 5.12.8; ItMiller 739; T. Sinclair Berkian 1976, 164-66 Kleiss 1973, 29-30; Kroll 2000, NQ 59
B2 G1 B1 E4 G2 E4 E4 H2 C2 C3 B1 B2 G2 H3
IRN Hah IRQ W Siahcheshme IRN IRQ IRQ N Khoy IRN Yeni Ky Kurdis E half of Dersim at SE corner of Hazar Gl above Qotur village IRN SE Haidarabad IRN
E3 H2 C1 H3
L L ACHRL
Kleiss 1977a, 54-57, 84-98 Manandian 1965, 91, 100 Hewsen 1992, 333; T. Sinclair Kleiss 1979, 190-94, 228-30
1276 Grid C3 Name Mac(h)arta/ Tiberioupolis/ Monokarton Manacarta Maipa/ Martyropolis/ Ioustinianopolis Malejin Mambouta/ Mambrathon Mambre? Mar Abay Mar Abrohom Mar Awgin Mar Bassos, Shushan Mar Matta Mar Melki Mar Samuel, Simeon Mar Shushan = Mar Bassos Mar Simeon = Mar Samuel Mar Yohannon Marathken M. Marde/ Margdis Mardoi? Margdis = Marde Martyropolis = Maipa Masius M. = Izala M. Matiane/ *Kapauta Limne Magriane Limne Matiane Matzaron Massaron Maximianopolis = Antiochia Arabis Media Atropatene Media Minor Meiacarire/ *Aquae Frigidae Melabason M. Mertikerton Mespila? = Mosul Mesopotamia Metita Mindon Mohammad Shah tepe Molchia Monokarton = Mac(h)arta Mor(o)unda Mosul/ Mespila? Moxoena Musaifna *Mouzoura Period L/ L/ L R/ L/ L CH R/ L L L L L L L L L L L RL/ L RL
MAP 89 ARMENIA Modern Name / Location Kzltepe Reference Honigmann 1935, 24; Dillemann 1962, 109, 165 RE; Honigmann 1935, 17; Sinclair 1989a, 287-91; Hewsen 1992, 335 Kroll 2000, MD 22 Dillemann 1962, 161-62; T. Sinclair Garsoian 1989, 477 Palmer 1990, 21-24 Sinclair 1989a, 349-50, 379-80 Fiey 1977, 134-41 Sinclair 1989a, 330 Fiey 1965 III, 20, 32 Sinclair 1989a, 325-26 Sinclair 1989a, 252-28 Sinclair 1989a, 348-49, 351, 379-80 GCyp 947G; T. Sinclair RE ; Honigmann 1935, 12 Hewsen 1992, 187 (n. 167)
D2 H2 C3 D2 C3 D3 D3 D3 F4 D3 D3 D3 D2 C3 F1
Silvan IRN emrah Kalesi Boat above Dere i, formerly Qillith / Kllt Mor Awgin / Mar Augen at Hidil IRQ Mar Gabriel
Taurus Mts. between Bitlis pass and vale of Kulp? Mardin in plains of Saray; and in district of upper Kara Su to N?
H3 H4 C3
RE ; RE Matiane, col. 2198 RE GCyp 931H; Honigmann 1935, 36; Dillemann 1962, 230; T. Sinclair RE RE; Dillemann 1962, 49, 157-58 Honigmann 1935, 17-18; T. Sinclair Howard-Johnston 1989, 223, 227 (n. 27) RE Mitford 1998, 259 Palmer 1990, 5 (n. 7) Kroll 2000, NQ 63 Sinclair 1996, VII.3. RE Marundai 2; Kroll 2000, MD 1 Oates 1968, 60-61; EncIs RE Killick 1983, 217 TIB Kappadokien 242-43; Garsoian 1989, 482; T. Sinclair
H2 C3 D3 B1 B3 B2 D3 H4 F2 H2 F4 E2 E4 B1
between L. Urmia and R. Aras Khan Sheikhan district of Beiri Mazgirt includes Osrhoene near Tillo few miles E Midun IRN Amik Marand IRN IRQ upper valley of Bohtan Su and districts of Hizan and Mks IRQ Ovack plain
MAP 89 ARMENIA Grid Name Mygdon(ios) fl. = Hirmas fl. Mygdonia Nabaris/ Navarra Naqadeh tepe Navarra = Nabaris Naxouana Nicephorion fl. Nineveh/ Ninos Niphates M. Nisibis/ Antiochia Nodh-Ardashirakan Norshirakan Nuarsak? Nymphaeum Nymphios fl. = Parthenias fl. H1 H3 B3 B1 B1 G1 H1 D3 Oghlu Qal'eh Oraba? = Shadikanni Ormi/ [Urmia] Ospa = Thospia Osrhoene Paline Palios Paracata Parakan Parthenias/ Nymphios fl. Patansana = Isumbo Peroz-Shapur? = Fesh-Khabur Phaenica = Pinaka Phasiane/ Bassiane Phasioi Phasis fl. Pheison Phora/ Phlorianon? Pinaka/ Phaenica Qalat Qalateh Qal'eh Qalatgah Qara tepe Qara Zia Eddin tepe Qasr Serij Qiz Chakhlu Qotur Qal'eh Rashgund AC L/ L? near Qurshaqlu IRN Urumiyeh IRN SYR / TKY L L L R/ L district of lower Peri Su Ban Bulakba, sometimes Babulak ARM ARM Batman Su Kleiss 1972, 60-64; Kroll 2000, MK 53 Schwarz 1969, 1103-1108 See Map 67 GCyp 962aG; T. Sinclair GCyp 956G Manandian 1965, 91, 93-94; Sinclair 1987, 407-10 See Map 90 RE Tigris 1, cols. 1012-13 Period Modern Name / Location Reference
1277
C4 C3 H4 H1 D2 F4 E2 D3 F4 G2 E2
district of Nisibis near crossing of Ambar ay IRN Nakhchevan ARM Garzan Su Kuyunjik IRQ Taurus massif, S Lake Van Nusaybin SYR / TKY IRQ Shurik village IRN near spring of Ba Bulak
RE 5 Sinclair 1996, VII.2 Kroll 2000, NQ 43 Hewsen 1992, 333 (n. 51) Pliny, NH 6.129 RE; Oates 1968, 30 Syme 1995, 29-34; T. Sinclair RE; Garsoian 1989, 479 Morony 1982, 10 Manandian 1965, 113 Pliny, NH 6.128; Thierry 1972, 148-49; Sinclair 1996, VII.3
D1 D1 D1 C2 E2 E3 H3 H3 H3 G2 H2 E4 G2 G2 H3
Pasinler and Kars plains on Basean plain, and probably in upper R. Aras basin upper reaches of R. Aras Dakyanus Kale Por Eski Yap, formerly Fenek Rashakan IRN E Ain-i Rum IRN near Cheshme Gol IRN N Salmas IRN IRN IRQ SE Qara Kalisa IRN 2 miles E Qotur IRN IRN
Honigmann 1935, 21; Garsoian 1989, 454, 499-500; T. Sinclair Hewsen 1983, 131 Hewsen 1983, 128-32 RE ; Sinclair 1989a, 272-73, 375 GCyp 941H; Honigmann 1935, 31, 37; Hewsen 1992, 335; T. Sinclair Dillemann 1962, 219; Sinclair 1989a, 333, 359 Kleiss 1977a, 72-76 Kleiss 1978, 17-18; Kroll 2000, NQ 5 Kroll 2000, NQ 28 Kroll 2000, SL 3 Kroll 2000, KH 25 Simpson 1994 Kleiss 1974, 101-102; Kroll 2000, MK 34 Kroll 2000, KH 15 Kroll 2000, UR 113
1278 Grid H4 E3 C4 D3 D3 D3 B4 D4 G2 B1 G2 C3 D2 C2 G1 D3 C2 D3 C3 E3 D3 B1 E3 C3 E4 C4 Name Rasuh tepe Rehimena Resaina/ Theodosiopolis Rhabdion (Ris)Kepha(s) Romaion Agros Sagouana = Bagauna Sahal [Sahlala] = Tell Sahlan Saibakh Sal(a)mas Salmalasso Salmas Sammachi *Samocharta Sanasounitai Sangar Qal'eh Sapha/ Thilsaphata? Saphchai Sarbane/ Sisara Sisauranon Sardeoua/ Sardebar Sareisa Sargathon Satala Satalka/ Thamanon Sauras Seh Gubba Shadikanni/ Ar(a)ban/ (H)Oraba?/ *Castellum Arabum Shahrabadh = Balad Shalat Shawarshan Sheytanabad Bardakunte Saukand Shilloh Shno Shukaraba Siah Qal'eh Siai = Si(t)ai Sinara Singara Digeren? Sirgora? Singaras M. Siphrios Siraganon Sisara = Sarbane Period RL RL ACHRL/ L L L L L R?L? L L L L L L CH RL?/ L L L/ L R/ L R L RL HR/ L L RL A?C/ RL/ R?L/ R L CHR L L L CHR L RL L L RL R?L L
MAP 89 ARMENIA Modern Name / Location near Pazveh IRN plain to S Cudi Da Tell Fakhariya near Ras al-Ain SYR Hatem Tai Kale Hasankeyf on plain beneath Rhabdion E Carrhae SYR Salmas IRN Gelenge rock-relief SE Salmas IRN at crossing of Shammerkh ay Semrah tepe inhabitants of Sasun E Maku IRN Bbil eper Sirvan Kale-i Zerzevan rnak? Sercihan Sadak alayan, formerly ah Savur IRQ Tell Ajaja West SYR Reference Kroll 2000, PR 1 Hoffmann 1880, 190; T. Sinclair Dillemann 1962, 107, 224-26 Sinclair 1989a, 350-51; Palmer 1990, 4-7, 151-52 GCyp 913H; Honigmann 1935, 12, 35; Sinclair 1989a, 232-39, 370, 373-75 Honigmann 1935, 12 Astour 1993, 113 Oates 1990, 229-31 Schwarz 1969, 1108-11 Bryer 1985 I, 34-35 Hinz 1965 Sinclair 1996, VII.2 GCyp 944H; Honigmann 1935, 24, 32, 37; T. Sinclair GCyp 947G Kleiss 1968, 3-13; Kroll 2000, MK 4 Poidebard 1934, 159-60; Sinclair 1989a, 372; T. Sinclair Honigmann 1935, 18; Sinclair 1989a, 272-73, 375 Poidebard 1934, 159; RE Sinclair 1996, VII.2 Dillemann 1962, 111 Poidebard 1934, 147 RE; Lightfoot 1998 RE , ; Sinclair 1989a, 335-37, 433 RE Ball 1987, 246 Rllig 1977, 125 ; Mahmoud 1988; Dodgeon 1991, 344-45
H1 G1 H4 D3 H3 D2 G1 C1 D4 D4 C3 G3
ARM Maku IRN N Mahabad IRN Salah Ushnu IRN Zok W Pol-i Dasht IRN Akale Balad Sinjar IRQ Sinjar Mt. IRQ Rabat Kalesi Sharekand
See Map 90 Eremyan 1961, 64-65 Kleiss 1973, 36-38; Kroll 2000, MB 4 Bell 1982, 147-48 Eremyan 1961, 38, 74 Sinclair 1996, VIII.3 Kleiss 1973a, 183-86; Kroll 2000, MK 5 Manandian 1965, 91, 99; T. Sinclair RE Dillemann 1962, 140 Dillemann 1962, 136 RE Honigmann 1935, 9, 13, 35; Sinclair 1989a, 227-30 Hewsen 1988, 302
MAP 89 ARMENIA Grid C3 H1 C2 B2 G3 G1 Name Si(t)ai/ Siteon Chiphas Siwnik Sophanene Sophene Sophanene Sormanabad tepe Surb Tadeos Syria = (As)Syria [Tabite] = Tell Taban [Ta'idu]? = Tell Hamidi Taj ed-Din Qal'eh Tarauna *Taraunites Tareina? = Darucinte Taronitis Tasuk Taurus M. Tel Afar/ Ad Pontem? Teleboas? fl. Tell Abu Dhahir Tell Abu Marya/ [Apqu] Tell Abu Wajnam Tell Ahmar Tell Ahmed Agha Kabir Tell al-Baye'a Tell al-Hawa Tell al-Sadde/ Ichnae? Tell Arbid Tell Aswad Takhtani Tell Barri/ [Kahat] Tell Beidar Tell Bezari Tell Brak Tell Deir Situn Tell Farfara Tell Hadhail Tell Halaf/ [Guzana] Gauzanitis? Gizama Tell Hamidi/ [Ta'idu]? Tell Hammam al-Turkmen Tell Hassake Tell Hassu Period RL/ L L AHRL R L Modern Name / Location Ziyaret tepe ARM upper R. Tigris basin immediately W Batman Su Dersim, W Lower Euphrates valley and W half of upper Tigris basin IRN Qara Kalisa IRN Reference
1279
GCyp 933H; RE ; Honigmann 1935, 36; Sinclair 1996, VII.2 See Map 90 Garsoian 1989, 457 RE Sophene, cols. 1015-17; Garsoian 1989, 457-58 Kroll 2000, UR 124 Kleiss 1967
H2 D2 E3 H2 C2 E4 D2 E4 E4 E4 D4 E4 F4 E4 B4 D4 C4 D4 C4 C4 D4 E4 D4 E4 C4
AC L R L ACHRL/ L CL AC?HRL ? AC?H?R L/ A A?C?H? R?L AC H?R L HR?L HRL/ R AC?HR RL? ACHR/ A ACH AC?H?R L? AR?L? L AC?H?R L? AC/ A? H?R H?R AC?H?R/ A?C HR A?C?H? R?L? R
17 miles SSE Khoy IRN plain of Mu Hazil Su basin Tasuj village IRN IRQ Kara Su IRQ IRQ IRQ SYR IRQ IRQ IRQ SYR SYR SYR SYR SYR SYR SYR IRQ SYR IRQ SYR
Kleiss 1979, 203-206, 235-41 Hbschmann 1904, 325; RE Taron Hewsen 1985, 57, 58 Hbschmann 1904, 473; Kroll 1984, 34 See Map 66 ItMiller 772; Oates 1968, 79-80 RE 3 Ball 1987, 234 Oates 1968, 54-55; RLAss Apqu Oates 1968, 77 Lyonnet 1996, site 45 Ibrahim 1986, 75 (site 222) Ibrahim 1986, 59 (site 98) Wilkinson 1995, 125-34 Gerritsen 1996, site BS93 Dillemann 1962, 70, 174; Bielinski 1997 Lyonnet 1996, site 29 Khne 1980; Meijer 1986, 31 (site 289) Lebeau 1997 Oates 1990, 238-39 Oates 1990, 227-29 Curtis 1997 Meijer 1986, 24 (site 210) See Map 91 RLAss Halaf Dillemann 1962, 146 Dillemann 1962, 146 Eichler 1990 T. Feyter Khne 1978, 185 Ibrahim 1986, 75 (site 223)
D4 B4 C4 E4
1280 Grid D4 Name Tell Hayal/ Eleia?/ Alaina? Hileia? Tell Hugna Tell Ibra/ Vicat? Tell Jikan Tell Majdal Tell Mohammed Arab Tell Muhammad Kabir Tell Qarasa Tell Sahlan/ [Sahlala]/ Commisimbela? Tell Sharisi Tell Taban/ [Tabite]/ Thebet(h)a? Thubida? Tell Tawila Tell Uwaynat Tell Zanatri Tella = Antiochia Arabis Teroua? Thalbasaris = Thelbalane Thamanon = Satalka Thannuris Thannourios Tharsidarate Thebet(h)a? = Tell Taban Thelbalane/ Thalbasaris Theodosiopolis = Autisparate Theodosiopolis = Resaina *Thibitha/ Thilbisine Banasymeon? Bismideon Mnasoubion? Thiloson Kome = Til Thilsaphata? = Sapha Thospia/ Bouana/ Ospa Thospitis Thospitis Limne Thespites L. Tiberioupolis = Mac(h)arta Tigranocerta/ Cholimma/ Chlomaron Tigris fl. = Kentrites fl. Tigris/ Diglitus fl. Til/ Thiloson Kome Tili Tordan Period R?L
MAP 89 ARMENIA Modern Name / Location IRQ Reference ItMiller 779, 782; Oates 1968, 78-79; Ibrahim 1986, 77 (site 238) Ibrahim 1986, 73 (site 210) Oates 1968, 79-80; Ibrahim 1986, 73 (site 209) Killick 1985, 231-32 Dillemann 1962, 108; Lyonnet 1996, site 42 Roaf 1984 Meijer 1986, 26 (site 231b) Meijer 1986, 14 (site 98) Astour 1993, 113; Gerritsen 1996, site BS246-47; T. Feyter Meijer 1986, 24 (site 205) Rllig 1977
E4 E4 E4 C4 E4 D4 D4 A4 D4 C4
C4 E4 D4 G1 C4 D1 D3
H?R?L H?R/ R?L HRL AC?H?R L HL HR AC?HRL HRL/ A/ R RL AC?HRL / L?/ RL R?L R?L RL? R R?L L R/ L
IRQ IRQ IRQ SYR IRQ SYR SYR SYR SYR SYR
IRQ IRQ SYR Dariunk' / Doubayazt Tell Tuneinir SYR Ezirmik? Tilmis or (less likely) Barsil
Lyonnet 1996, site 10 Wilkinson 1995, 125-34 Oates 1990, 231 Garsoian 1989, 459-60 Dillemann 1962, 176-77; Fuller 1994 Manandian 1965, 91, 98; T. Sinclair Sinclair 1996, VII.2
C3
L/ L
Tel Beme
F2
CR/ R/ L HR R HRL/ R/ L
Van
GeogRav 2.10; Garsoian 1989, 499; R.H. Hewsen; T. Sinclair RE Pliny, NH 6.128; T. Sinclair Markwart 1930, 341-42; Sinclair 1994; Sinclair 1996, VIII.3 See Map 93
E2 D3
C2 / F4 B1 D3 B1
RL/ L RL RL
Garsoian 1989, 495; Kettenhofen 1989, 72; T. Sinclair Lightfoot 1986 Garsoian 1989, 496
MAP 89 ARMENIA Grid G2 B1 Name Turki tepe Tzoumina [Urmia] = Ormi F2 G1 Vastauna Verahram Qal'eh Vicat? = Tell Ibra Virta? = Birthon Zabas Megas/ Zapatas?/ Lykos? fl. Zabas Mikros/ Kapros?/ Zerbis? fl. Heteros Zabas fl. Zabdaion Chorion = Bezabde Zabdicene Zagurae? = Ain Sinu Zanserio Zapatas? fl. = Zabas Megas fl. Zarawand? Zarnuqa Zerbis? fl. = Zabas Mikros fl. Zernaki tepe Ziata/ *Inzieta? Zingir Qal'eh Zir tepe Zirmas fl. = Kentrites fl. Zoaranda *Zolocerta/ Coloceia Zotozeta Zogokara Zombis = Isumbo L CH near Geva near Shotlu IRN Sinclair 1996, VII.3 Kleiss 1974, 82-93; Kroll 2000, MK 7 Period L L Modern Name / Location SW Siahchesme IRN hills W southern part of Tercan plain Reference
1281
Kleiss 1977a, 62-64, 93-98; Kroll 2000, MK 32 Hewsen 1992, 18 (n. 81)
F4 H4
D3 D2 H2 E3 F1 C2 G2 H4 E2 G1
RL L ACHL L H?R? L CH L R L/ L
district W R. Tigris and S Tur Abdin Baykan Evoghlu Qal'eh IRN at upper Dera just N Erci Amini Kale near Tamar village IRN near Latch village IRN Gindirans olakert
Hbschmann 1904, 321 Sinclair 1996, VII.3.1 Hbschmann 1904, 338; Kleiss 1973a, 186-88 Fiey 1977, 94-96; Sinclair 1989a, 333 Sinclair 1987, 281-82, 314-15 Honigmann 1935, 35; Dillemann 1962, 155; Sinclair 1989a, 269-70, 371 Kroll 2000, SL 10 Kroll 2000, MB 8 Pliny, NH 6.128; T. Sinclair Manandian 1965, 91, 94; Sinclair 1987, 407-408
Bridges
Grid B1 C2 C3 Location E Ani Dabanas Ad Tygrem, below Diyarbakr on R. Tigris Period R?L? R L Reference Mitford 1998, 267; T. Mitford Sinclair 1989a, 267-69 Palmer 1990, 12, 116
1282
MAP 89 ARMENIA
Roads
Itinerary Satala W Satala Eriza Ani Satala Haza Map 87 Satala Lucus Basaro Bagauna Artaxata Colchis Arsinia Ad Tygrem Chorsabia Euphrates Euphrates gorge via Barsalium Network between Ad Tygrem, Tigranocerta and Charcha Tigranocerta Dauduana Artemita Isumbo Bagauna Ad Tygrem Sardebar Nisibis Barbare Nisibis Ad fl. Tigrim Ad fl. Tigrim NW Ammodios S Nisibis S Zagurae? SE Period RL RL RL RL RL RL? RL RL RL RL RL R RL RL RL Reference Mitford 1998, 266 French 1983, 84; Mitford 1998, 266-67 Sinclair 1989, 327 Manandian 1965, 91-100; T. Sinclair ItMiller 739; T. Sinclair Mitford 1998, 267 Mitford 1998, 259-60 Sinclair 1996, VII.2 Sinclair 1996, VII.3 ItMiller 740-41; Sinclair 1996, VII.4 Poidebard 1934, 158-63; Dillemann 1962, 171-73 Algaze 1991, 190 ItMiller 777; Dillemann 1962, 173 ItMiller 770-71 ItMiller 779
Unlocated Toponyms
Name Ad Dracones = Dagona Ad Tigrim / Ad flumen Tigrem Akraba Aladin = Auladis Alaleisos Alexandria Amostae Anaeticus L. Anisena Anteba Apadna *Arabessa Araborum, Mon. Armeniae Pylae At(o)uria Athraelon Audasson Auladis/ Aladin Ayli = Eli Azara Azoni Period Probable Location Reference
L H?R L R L R L L L L L RL H?RL L L R/ L R R
Mosul? IRQ S Carrhae? SYR in Izala massif, between Karaca Da and Bohtan district in Adiabene / Mygdonia W Singara IRQ / SYR in Erzincan plain? in upper Mesopotamia? on Artaxata Gobdi road, two stations before the latter near Ad Tygrem S Autisparate between Viranehir and Tel Beme pass in Armenia, at Tomisa? or Ergani pass? Nineveh region IRQ Mac(h)arta vicinity? near Ad Tygrem? near Carrhae? Idr? tribe E Gaugamela near Zerbis? fl. IRQ
ItMiller 772; Dillemann 1962, 141, 167 and fig. XII Ptol. 5.17.7 Honigmann 1935, 26 Pliny, NH 6.42; RE 14 ItMiller 779; Dillemann 1962, 185 RE Anatica regio Hoffmann 1880, 229 ItMiller 748, 781 Dillemann 1962, 159, 239 Adontz 1970, 19-20 Dillemann 1962, 77 Syme 1995, 39-45 RE Aturia; Morony 1982, 10 Honigmann 1935, 22 Honigmann 1935, 35 Ptol. 5.17.7; Gawlikowski 1988, 82 Dillemann 1962, 181-83 RE 1 Pliny 6.118
L R H?R L L R L
near Artaxata NE Carrhae? TKY in Osrhoene SYR / TKY AZE? W Singara IRQ / SYR
ItMiller 771; Dillemann 1962, 137, 141 RE Ptol. 5.17.7 NotDig Or. 35.6 Hoffmann 1880, 265 Ptol. 5.12.6 Dillemann 1962, 137, 141
MAP 89 ARMENIA Name Baxala Bebasa/ Bibas(ara) Belkania Belkiana Bessara Bethallaha Betooun Bibas(ara) = Bebasa Bidamas/ Vidamas Biddon Bimisdeon Birthaba Birthachabraes Bubalia Busan Caini Castra Maurorum Chalkitis Chazene Choathras M. Chordiraza Chouddon Cunissa Dabanas/ Davana Dagona/ Ad Dracones Daphnoudin Darna Dausaron Davana = Dabanas Deba Degia Demetrias Diospage Dolba Dosa Duodecimum Eisone Elegea Endielon Filadelfia Fons Scabore Gomara Gorgos fl. Hadia Haris Haste Period H?R L R H?R H?R L H?R L L L H?R L L L L L H?R H?RL H?R H?R L R?L L Probable Location W Singara SYR W Dara SYR / TKY near Tigris IRQ near Tigris IRQ in Mesopotamia TKY on or near Tigris IRQ near Resaina SYR / TKY on Melabason M., in NE Tur Abdin near Resaina SYR / TKY IRQ S Ad Tygrem, in hill district? in Mesopotamia TKY Reference Ptol. 5.17.7 Dillemann 1962, 290 Ptol. 5.12.8; Hewsen 1982, 135 Ptol. 6.1.3 Ptol. 6.1.3 NotDig Or. 36.35 Ptol. 5.17.6 RE Honigmann 1935, 17-18 Procop., Aed. 2.6.14 Ptol. 6.1.4 Honigmann 1935, 36 ItMiller 682 Dillemann 1962, 157 NotDig Or. 36.34 AmmMarc 18.6.9; 25.7.9; Dillemann 1962, 212-214 Ptol. 5.17.4 RE Ptol. 6.1.1 RE Honigmann 1935, 35 ItMiller 676 RE Dabana 2 AmmMarc 23.3.7; Gawlikowski 1988, 88 (n. 62) Ptol. 5.6.20; ItMiller 676, 682; T.B. Mitford Honigmann 1935, 31, 37 Ptol. 6.1.4 Procop., Aed. 2.6.14; Dillemann 1962, 109 Ptol. 5.17.6 Ptol. 6.1.5 RE 4 RE RE Ptol. 6.1.5 NotDig Or. 35.34 Ptol. 6.1.5 RE Elegeia 2 Procop., Bell. 1.7.5 ItMiller 781 Dillemann 1962, 177 IRQ perhaps Lesser Zab? IRQ near Resaina? SYR / TKY W Satala near Resaina? SYR / TKY Ptol. 6.1.5 Ptol. 6.1.7 ItMiller 779; Dillemann 1962, 185 ItMiller 682 ItMiller 779; Dillemann 1962, 185
1283
Haza district? IRQ town of Mygdonians SYR / TKY in Siphrios district? W Satala Ain al-Arus?
RL? L H?R L H?R H?R H?RL R H?RL H?R L H?R R L L L H?R H?R L RL? L
W Satala, close to the summit of imen Daglari? in Arzanene IRQ near Resaina SYR / TKY on or near Tigris between Sapha and Singara IRQ IRQ near Arbela IRQ E Tigris IRQ in Adiabene IRQ IRQ in Osrhoene SYR / TKY IRQ where Euphrates breaks through Taurus, 10 m.p. below Melitene days march from Ad Tygrem on Gobdi Ecbatana road, first station after Gobdi; Shahpur?
1284 Name Hibita Inigene = (T)Inigene Kadisenoi Kalonos Kardouchoi Komopolis Korkoura RL L R H?R H?R Period L
MAP 89 ARMENIA Probable Location possibly Thebet(h)a? SYR Reference Dillemann 1962, 167 (n. 3)
people between Singara and Tell Taban SYR IRN IRQ IRQ
Dillemann 1962, 97 (n. 8) Honigmann 1935, 37 Ptol. 6.2.5 Ptol. 6.1.5 Ptol. 6.1.4
Magdalathon Magrus *Magustana = Matoustana Malioi Mannouorra/ Manneotai Maratha Marde Mareptikon Klima Margasoi Martiana Matoustana/ *Magustana Maurikiopolis Nasabi Nazada Nibaros M. Nikatorion M. Obana Obarene Obbane Odomantis Olane Oroba Orontes Orroei Arabi Orthaga/ Orgatha Oruros Phathachon Phichas/ Philas Phirthachabraes Phousiana Praetavi Rasin/ Rhasios Reman Rene
L L
R. Khabur and Jaghjagh region; Tell Majdal? on S Carrhae Singara road, between Haste and Amostae tribe near Euphrates
RE ItMiller 779; Khne 1980, 57-58; Oates 1990, 239-40 Strabo 16.1.27 Dillemann 1962, 168-69, 177-79 NotDig Or. 35.33 Ptol. 6.1.3 Honigmann 1935, 21; Adontz 1970, 11 Ptol. 6.2.5; RE Ptol. 6.2.5 Hewsen 1992, 187 (n. 168), 334 Honigmann 1935, 27 ItMiller 748, 781 Ptol. 6.2.11 Strabo 11.14.14 Strabo 16.1.4 Ptol. 6.1.4 Ptol. 5.12.4 Procop., Bell. 2.12.4 Hewsen 1985, 58, 73 Garsoian 1989, 485 Ptol. 6.1.3 Pliny, NH 6.118; RE 3 Pliny, NH 6.25; 6.117; 6.129; RE Osroene Ptol. 5.17.7; RE Pliny, NH 6.120; Dillemann 1962, 171; RE Adontz 1970, 13 Procop., Bell. 1.19.35; 2.6.14; Dillemann 1962, 108 GCyp 932G Ptol. 6.1.5 Pliny, NH 5.86 Honigmann 1935, 13 Dillemann 1962, 157 ItMiller 770; Dillemann 1962,165
in Osrhoene SYR / TKY near Tigris IRQ in Van region? E Matianae Limne? IRN possibly Shawarshan 7 stades from Maipa on Artaxata Gobdi road, immediately before the latter in N Media IRN in Armenia; conceivably phan Da near Arbela
S upper Euphrates? W Sophene? near Artaxata IRQ tribe E Gaugamela IRQ tribe W Tigris near Carrhae and Eleia SYR / TKY Roman border in Pompeys time in Izala M. massif between Karaca Da and Bohtan district near Resaina IRQ tribe near Singara IRQ in Osrhoene, probably towards Ad Tygrem in Raman Da, S Ad Tygrem? between Resaina and Ma(c)harta; Tell Arade?
MAP 89 ARMENIA Name Rhandeia Rhasios = Rasin Ripaltha Roschirea/ Vesceria S. Iohannis, Mon. Sadrakai Sakada Sarbena Sarmathes Sauara Selgia Sihinnus Silices Sinas/ Sina Iudaeorum/ Sinna Sinervas Sinnaka Sisila/ Sissilisson Phrourion/ Ziziola? Sitrae Sorvae/ Zourzoua Sosingites L. Suae Tarmel, Mon. Taska Terebia Thallaba Thamaudi Thebeta/ Thebitha/ Thelia Thelda Thelia = Thebeta Themeres Thengoubis Thesara Thilapsum Thillafica Thillazamana/ Monithilla Thilsaphata Thiolla Thospia Thubida (T)Inigene Tirittha Trispeda Tzinobia Period R L L L CHR H?R H?R L H?R R L R L/ L/ RL RL? H RL? R L/ R L R L R R L L L Probable Location Arsamosata vicinity, probably N Arsanias fl. in upper Mesopotamia Reference Adontz 1970, 31 Dillemann 1962, 231-32 ItMiller 778; Dillemann 1962, 185
1285
near Korde S Arbela near Tigris IRQ IRQ near Tigris IRQ possibly Siirt? on Amouda Singara road, beyond Thilapsum; Tell Zenbil? tribe in mountains E Gaugamela in Osrhoene, probably near Ad Tygrem near Carsa(g)is near Carrhae W or S Satala tribe E Gaugamela on Artaxata Gobdi road, after Catispi; Tsortsor? Thospitis Limne? not on Tigris in (As)Syria TKY on cliff near Gaugamela? IRQ near Dara in upper Tigris basin? in upper Tigris basin or districts S Thospitis Limne? N or W Beberaci L. SYR between Nisibis and Singara
Dillemann 1962, 32 Strabo 16.1.4 Ptol. 6.1.3 Ptol. 6.1.5 Procop., Aed. 5.9.32; Dillemann 1962, 108, 125 Ptol. 6.1.3 Hewsen 1982, 35-36 ItMiller 777; Dillemann 1962, 173-4 Pliny, NH 6.118 Honigmann 1935, 13; RE Sinna ItMiller 676-77 RE ItMiller 676 Pliny, NH 6.118 ItMiller 748, 781 AmmMarc 23.6.15; Dillemann 1962, 40 (n. 3) Pliny, NH 6.118 Dillemann 1962, 32 Ptol. 5.12.10 Ptol. 5.12.10 ItMiller 781; Dillemann 1962, 175 ItMiller 777; Dillemann 1962, 136-40 RE Thebeta; Dillemann 1962, 142, 166
on or near Euphrates SYR / IRQ near Theodosiopolis SYR / TKY IRQ in Osrhoene SYR / TKY in Osrhoene SYR / TKY between Nisibis and Hatra near Resaina SYR / TKY in region of Arsanias fl., downstream of plain of Mu between Thallaba and Beberaci L. below Gauzanitis SYR on Gobdi Ecbatana road, second station after Gobdi; Ormi? near Ad Tygrem or Arsinia?
RE Procop., Aed. 2.6.14 Ptol. 5.17.7; RE; Dillemann 1962, 181 Ptol. 6.1.4 ItMiller 777; Dillemann 1962, 173 Dilleman 1962, 108, 187 Dilleman 1962, 108 Dillemann 1962, 308 (n. 2), 311-12 Procop., Aed. 2.6.14 Ptol. 5.12.8 ItMiller 781; RE; Dillemann 1962, 176 Ptol. 5.17.4 Ptol. 5.17.7 ItMiller 781 Honigmann 1935, 35
1286 Name Ur Vesceria = Roschirea Volandum Zama Zamarthas Zigira Zorbandon Zuqnin, Mon. Period L
R H?R L H?R L L
RE Ptol. 5.17.7 Procop., Aed. 2.6.14 Ptol. 6.1.4 Honigmann 1935, 25 Palmer 1990, 74, 83
False Toponyms
Name Armenochalybes Baris M. Karkathiokerta Chalonitis Chalybes (Klima) Makrabandon Mazara Phaunitis Spauta L. (Klima) Tarannon Tourandios Tourhabdios Xerxene Period H H HR R CH L R?L? H RL L L L HR Reference Magie 1950, 1069 Jos., AJ 1.93-95; cf. RE 8 RE Syme 1995, 33 Magie 1950, 1069, 1213 Honigmann 1935, 21 ItMiller 739; T.Sinclair Hewsen 1992, 147 RE ta Honigmann 1935, 21 GCyp 914G; T.Sinclair Honigmann 1935, 25, 35 RE Comment applied to Chaldaei of Karenitis Cudi Da; name misunderstood? Eil false name for settlement near Ba Bulak; see Nymphaeum applied to Chaldaei of Karenitis plain of Ar; false for *Bagravandon false as station on Melitene Ad Tygrem road Siunik? (*Saunitis?) Matiane Limne; false for *Kapauta plain of Mu probably from Turhabdios false for Rhabdion plain of Tercan; false for Derzene
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MAP 89 ARMENIA
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