TOPIC: RADIOACTIVITY 1.

Two identical samples (same material and same amount) P and Q of a radioactive substance having mean life T are observed to have activities A p & AQ respectively at the time of observation. f P is older than Q! then the difference in their ages is" AP AP AQ 1 AP T l n l n T a) Tl n b) c) d) A A T AP Q AQ Q t&' t
1 # A $ % (' ' ' (1 (# ()

#.

n the above radioactive decay % is stable nucleus. Then" a) rate of decay of A will first increase and then decrease b) number of nuclei of *$ will first increase and then decrease c) if # > 1 ! then activity of $ will always be higher than activity of A d) if 1 >> # ! then number of nucleus of % will always be less than number of nucleus of $. ). A 1''m l solution having activity +' dps is ,ept in a bea,er. t is now constantly diluted by adding water at a constant rate of 1'm l -sec and #m l -sec of solution is constantly being ta,en out. .ind the activity of 1' m l solution which is ta,en out! assuming half life to be effectively very large.

A sample has two isotopes A1+' and $ having masses +'g and )'g respectively. A is radioactive and $ is stable. A decays to A0 by emitting particles. The half life of A is # hrs. .ind the mass of the sample after / hour and number of particles emitted. +. ( atoms of a radioactive element emit n alpha particles per second at an instant. Then the half1life of the element is n n n ( sec a) b) 1.// sec c) '.23 sec d) '.23 sec ( ( ( n

/.

2.

%onsider a nuclear decay process A $ % (4table) At a certain time! the activity of nuclei A is 560 and the net rate of increase of number of nuclei $ is 5y0. The activity of nuclei $ at this instant is

a) y 8.

b) 6 7 y

c) y 7 6

d) 6

The radioactive nucleus can decay by either emitting an particle or by emitting a particle. Probability of decay is 8+9 while that of decay is #+9. The decay 1 constant of decay is 1 and that of decay is # . is # 1 a) ) b) c) 1 d) cannot be said ) (uclei ; decay into nuclei < be emitting particle are found to be only 1 =e> & 1./=e>. ?isregarding the recoil of nuclei <. The energy of photon emitted will be a) '.:=e> b) 1./=e> c) 1 =e> d) './ =e> An element ; decays! first by positron emission and then two particles are emitted in successive radioactive decay. f the product nuclei has a mass number ##3 and atomic number :3! the mass number and atomic number of element ; are a) #)8!3) b) #)8!3/ c) ##1!:/ d) #)8!3# The rate of disintegration of a radioactive substance falls from :'' decay-min to 1'' decay-min in 2 hours. The half1life of the radioactive substance is" a) 2-8 b) #hrs c) )hrs d) 1hr The activity of a radioactive sample decreases to one1tenth of the original activity A' in a period of one year further. After further 3 years! its activity will be" A A A' a) ' b) ' c) d) none of these 1'' 3' 1'1' An un,nown stable nuclide after absorbing a neutron emits an electron! and the new nuclide splits spontaneously into two alpha particles. The un,nown nuclide is" a) / $e3 b) ) @i8 c) # Ae/ d) + $1' A radioactive material is made at the constant rate of 1' / nuclei per second and the material is getting decayed with decay constant '.'1#) month 7 1 . Activity of material after a very long time (if initially there was no radioactive material) is" 1'/ a) b) 1.2 6 1':dps c) 1'/ dps d) none of these dps '.'1#) A laboratory solution is prepared with an initial activity due to #/ (a of #.+m%i-ml and 1'ml of this solution is diluted (at t '&') to a wor,ing solution whose total volume is #+'ml. After )' hours! a +ml sample of the wor,ing solution is monitored with a counter. Bhat is the measured activity* Civen that half life of #/ (a is 1+ hours. The decay constant of a radio active substance is '.18) (years) 7 1 Therefore" a) (early 2)9 of the radioactive substance will decay in (1-'.18)) year. b) half life of the radio active substance is (1-'.18)) year. c) one1forth of the radioactive substance will be left after nearly : years. d) all the above statements are true.

:.

3.

1'.

11.

1#.

1).

1/.

1+.

12.

The mean lives of a radioactive substance are T 1 & T# years for 1emission and 1 emission respectively. The total decay constant of the radioactive substance isDDDDDDDDDD
A 6 emits an particle & a particle! then the daughter nucleus will f a nucleus E have which of the following configurations* a) A 7 / nucleons b) / nucleons c) A 7 F 7 ) neutrons d) E 7 # protons

18.

1:.

%onsider a radioactive disintegration according to the eGuation A $ % . ?ecay constant of A and $ is same and eGual to . (umber of nuclei of A! $ and % are ( '! '! ' respectively at t&'. .ind a) (umber of nuclei of $ as function of time t. b) Time t at which the activity of $ is ma6imum and the value of ma6imum activity of $. At time t&'! (1 nuclei of decay constant 1 & (# nuclei of decay constant # are mi6ed. The decay rate of the mi6ture at time 5t0 is" ( ( 1#) t t t a) (1( #e( 1 +# ) t b) 1 e c) ( (11e 1 + ( # #e # ) d) (11( # #e(1 + # )t (# The number of and emitted during the radioactive decay chain starting from #'2 Ha and ending at :# Pb is a) ) & 2 b) / & + c) + & / d) 2 & 2
##2 ::

13.

#'.

#1.

The activity of a sample of radioactive material is A1 at time t1 and A# at time t# (t#It1). ts mean life is T. A1 A # = constant a) A1t1 = A #t# b) c) A # = A1e(t1 t#)- T d) A # = A1e(t1 - Tt#) t# t1 A radioactive nucleus 5;0 decays to a stable nucleus 5<0. Then the graph of rate of formation of 5<0 against time5t0 will be"

##.

2 1 0 1 8

3 1 1 1 9

4 1 2 2 0

79g m, (A / B

5 1 3 2 1

6 1 4 2 2

7 1 5

A A, C

8 1 6

D
T1 + T# T1T#

9 1 7

B A, C

B a) ( $ = ( 'tet b) ( ' 1 A ma6 = Jt = e

1#+%i