Diet and Prostate Cancer

Prostate Cancer
o Second mosL common
cancer ln men
worldwlde
o 14 of all new cancer ln
men (2008)
o 1 ln 6 men ln uS wlll be
dlagnosed ln llfeume
wotlJ neoltb Otqoolzouoo, lotetoouoool Aqeocy fot keseotcb oo coocet, ClO8OcAN, 2008.
AcoJemy of Nottluoo ooJ uleteucs, Nottluoo cote Mooool. Oocoloqy
Prostate Risk Factors
!"# Medlan age aL dlagnosls: 72
%&'()*)&+ Afrlcan Amerlcan aL greaLer rlsk, Aslan & Plspanlc aL lowesL rlsk
,-./(-0)&+ Plgher lncldence ln n. Amerlca, Carlbbean, nW Lurope, AusLralla
1-2)0+ 3)4&/5+
6)#&
lncreased lnLake of red meaL
lncreased lnLake of hlgh-faL dalry and calclum
78#4)&+
%9#5*)4#
:5/4&-..4
;#(#.*4
lncreased lncldence ln rsL-degree male relauves of women
dlagnosed wlLh early onseL breasL cancer
AcoJemy of Nottluoo ooJ uleteucs, Nottluoo cote Mooool. Oocoloqy
Lycopene
o robable evldence LhaL lycopene can reduce rlsk
of prosLaLe cancer
o AlC8 recommends eaung aL leasL 3 poruons a day
of frulLs and vegeLables
o uleLs hlgh ln lycopene-conLalnlng foods could
prevenL 11 of prosLaLe cancer ln uS/yr (27,000
cases per year)
o CLher sLudles show no llnk
Ametlcoo losutote fot coocet keseotcb, wbot oo NeeJ to koow oboot lteveouoq ltostote coocet
bup.//www.olct.otq/teJoce-yoot-coocet-tlsk/coocet-slte/coocetslte_ptostote.btml
Sel enium
o robable evldence LhaL selenlum supplemenL
use reduces prosLaLe cancer rlsk
o Cverall evldence on supplemenLs and cancer ls
lnconslsLenL
o Selenlum planL foods, soll conLenL, brazll nuLs,
oaLmeal, some anlmal foods
Ametlcoo losutote fot coocet keseotcb, wbot oo NeeJ to koow oboot lteveouoq ltostote coocet
bup.//www.olct.otq/teJoce-yoot-coocet-tlsk/coocet-slte/coocetslte_ptostote.btml
Diet and Prostate Cancer
AlC8 and WC8l concluded LhaL Lhere ls sumclenL
evldence LhaL suggesLs:
robable evldence LhaL dleLs hlgh ln calclum ^ rlsk
LlmlLed evldence: processed meaL, mllk and dalry producLs
^ rlsk
LlmlLed evldence: legumes - lncludlng soy - and foods wlLh
vlLamln L j rlsk
Cruclferous vegeLables (and Lhelr phyLonuLrlenLs) may j
rlsk
Cmega-3 fauy acld lnLake: ^ lnLake assoclaLed wlLh j rlsk
wotlJ coocet keseotcb looJ ooJ Ametlcoo losutote fot coocet keseotcb,
5ecooJ xpett kepott. looJ, Nottluoo, lbyslcol Acuvlty & 1be lteveouoo of coocet, 2007.
Nutrition Impact of Prostate Ca
o 8adlcal prosLaLecLomy: lecal lnconunence
o CryoLherapy: urlnary sLula
o 8adlauon: AcuLe cysuus, procuus, and
enLerlus (maybe reverslble or become chronlc)
o Pormonal Lherapy: ularrhea, nausea, hoL
ashes, osLeoporosls, and welghL galn
AcoJemy of Nottluoo ooJ uleteucs, Nottluoo cote Mooool. Oocoloqy
Research: Sel enium & Vitamin E
o SLLLC1: Selenlum and vlLamln L Cancer
revenuon 1rlal, nauonal Cancer lnsuLuLe
o 1esLed selenlum & vlLamln L on 33,000 healLhy
uS and Canadlan men
o CcLober 2008, halLed, ndlngs: selenlum (200
mcg/day), vlL L (400 lu/day) or boLh had no lower
rlsk of prosLaLe cancer vs. placebo
o SupplemenLs noL advlsed ln
Research: Mil k and Prostate Ca
o nlP-AA8 sLudy Lracked 300,000 men for 6 years
o 1hose who reporLed drlnklng aL leasL 2 glasses
nonfaL mllk per day had 23 > rlsk prosLaLe cancer
Lhan Lhose who drank no nonfaL mllk
o 8uL found no llnk wlLh low-faL mllk, preuy slmllar Lo
nonfaL mllk
o Weak assoclauon, no supporL for sLrong hypoLhesls
Am I plJemlol. 2007 uec 1,166(11).1270-9.
Research: IGF-1 & Prostate Ca
o Mllk lncreases levels of lnsulln-llke growLh
facLor-1
o Plgher levels of lCl-1 are relaLed Lo aggresslve
prosLaLe cancer
o MeLa-analysls of 12 sLudles on 9,000 men, Lhose
wlLh ')"'#4& <;1=> 0#?#04 '-@ ABC ')"'#5 5)4D /E
F5/4&-&# *-(*#5 &'-( &'/4# G)&' 0/G#4& 0#?#04
Aoo loteto MeJ. 2008 Oct 7,149(7).461-71, w8J-8.
Research: Cal cium & Prostate Ca
o PealLh rofesslonals lollow-up SLudy
o 47,000 men for 16 years
o 1hose who aLe 1,300-1,999 mg calclum/day from
food and supplemenLs comblned had 87 hlgher
rlsk of faLal prosLaLe cancer compared Lo Lhose
who goL less Lhan 730 mg/day
o 8lsk was 2 x umes hlgher for Lhose 2,000 mg/day
coocet plJemlol 8lomotkets ltev. 2006 leb,15(2).20J-10.
Summar y Recommendations
o Lose - or don'L galn - excess welghL
o uon'L exceed recommended levels:
Selenlum: 33 mcg
vlLamln L: 33 lu
Calclum: 1,200 mg
Zlnc: 11 mg
o Consume cooked LomaLoes or LomaLo sauces
along wlLh oLher vegeLables
c5ll Nottluoo Acuoo neoltbleuet, 5eptembet 2009.
For More Infor mation
o Crnlsh SpecLrum - rosLaLe Cancer:
hup://www.ornlshspecLrum.com/proven-
program/Lhe-research/
o nauonal Cancer lnsuLuLe - rosLaLe Cancer,
nuLrluon & SupplemenLs:
hup://www.cancer.gov/cancerLoplcs/pdq/cam/
prosLaLesupplemenLs/healLhprofesslonal/page1