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What is Wastewater?
Water is used for many purposes. Water that has been used and contains domestic, industrial, institutional and commercial waste products is called wastewater.
Process of removing pollutants from waste water before it enters water bodies or is reused is called treatment of water. Usually refer to sewage treatment, or domestic wastewater treatment
SEWAGE
Sewage is wastewater that flows down the drain of houses, industries, hospitals, offices, fields etc. Rainwater that runs down the streets during storm or heavy rain also adds to the sewage. The dissolved and suspended solid impurities present in sewage are called contaminants.
To produce waste stream (effluent) To produce solid waste (sludge) To discharge or reuse them back into the environment
WASTEWATER TREATED
Clean water is basic need of al human being, plants and animals. To make drinking water available to people, wastewater has to be treated to remove all impurities. The clean water that can be consumed is called potable water.
Preliminary Treatment:
Wastewater is passed through parallel bar screen. This remove materials like rags, sticks, cans, plastic etc. The wastewater is than passed through grinder where solid waste is reduced in size so that it does not clog up the plant.
WATER CALRIFIER
Wastewater then goes to large tank called water clarifier. The tank sloped towards the middle to allow organic material like faeces to settle at its bottom. The sludge is removed with scrapers. Here floatable solids like oil and grease are also removed with skimmer. The cleared water, so obtained, is called clarified water.
DIGESTION
Sludge is solid material removed from primary sedimentation tanks and secondary clarifiers. The sludge is transferred to separate tank where anaerobic bacteria act on it and convert it into methane, carbon dioxide and humus like material. This process is called digestion. The digested sludge is dried by spreading on sand beds and used as fertilizer. Air is the pumped through clarified water. Aerobic bacteria grow in presence of air and consume the remaining waste.