Social Institutions Are defined as a set of widely shared beliefs, norms, or procedures for satisfying the members basic

ic needs. (Henshin, 2004) They are also an organized system of relationships, which embody certain common values to meet certain basic needs of society.

Family and Society A group of two or more persons related by marriage, blood or adaptation who reside together. (Duvall) Provides unit that maintains a common culture, derived from the general culture which members learn and practice expected social roles.(Cavan) An organization or social institution with continuity(past, present and future) in which there are certain behaviors in common that affect each other; sharing goals and identity, mutual concern for physical and emotional needs, and patterns of response that do not require the person to be constantly on guard.(Messer)

Purpose of Family 1. To perpetuate the springs by providing the union of male and female to produce offsprings (biological). 2. To assure their nurture and training within a given society (social). 3. To satisfy respective emotional needs (psychological). 4. To provide for economic needs (economical).

Types of Family 1. Traditional composed of parents and children living in the same households and characterized by the traditional gender roles. Nuclear consists of parents and children, who are usually offsprings of their parents or who may also be adopted or receiving foster care. Patriarchal headed by a man. Matriarchal headed by a woman. Blended occurs when children from one or both spouses are combined into one family; may also include the half-siblings if the couple has other children. Extended consists of a nuclear family plus blood-related relatives sharing common privileges and responsibilities within a household. 2. Single parent consists of one parent and his or her children.

3. Social Contact consists of unmarried couples of the opposite sex who love to be together and may bear children. 4. Communes large groups of individuals residing in close proximity and sharing the same values and goals Varieties of the Family Those who marry have, in effect, two families: 1. Family of orientation. The family in which the couples grew up. 2. Family of procreation. The family which the couples establish through marriage. Mate Selection The selection of partner depends, too, on the societys norms regarding what partners are appropriate: 1. Exogamy. Cultural norms prescribing that people marry outside their social group or category. 2. Endogamy. Cultural norms prescribing that people marry within their social group or category. Norms governing the number of mates a person may have: 1. Monogamy. A marriage between two partners, usually a woman and a man. 2. Polygamy. The concurrent marriage of a person of one sex with two or more members of the opposite sex. Forms of polygamy: 1. Polygyny the concurrent marriage of one man with two or more women. 2. Polyandry the concurrent marriage of one woman with two or more men. Rules of Residence 1. Patrilocal Residence. The custom of a married couple living in the same household or community with the husbands family. 2. Matrilocal Residence. The custom of a married couple living in the same household or community with the wifes family. Rules of Descent and Inheritance 1. Patrilineal descent. A system of tracing descent through the fathers side of the family. 2. Matrilineal descent. Descent is traced through the line of the mothers family. Rules of Authority 1. Patriarchal Family. A family structure in which authority is held by the eldest male usually the father.

2. Matriarchal Family. A family structure in which authority is held by the eldest female usually the mother. 3. Egalitarian Family. A family structure in which both partners share power and authority equally.

Functions: A normal or characteristic action expected or required of someone in a given situation. All functions of the family can be reduced to two basic roles: 1. Insuring a physical survival of species 2. Transmitting the culture, thereby insuring mans essential humanness

Types of Family Functions 1. Physical Function 2. Affectional Function 3. Social Function Other Functions of Family 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Sexual regulation Reproduction Protection Socialization Affection and Companionship Providing of social status Economic and Psychological support Emotional Security

Tasks a function assigned to a person done as part of ones own duties. Family Development Task Eight Basic Tasks for Families 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Providing physical necessities Allocation of resources Division of labor Socialization of family members Reproduction, recruitment into the family, release of new members for society Maintenance of order through effective communication and patterns of interaction Placement of members into the larger society

8. Maintenance of motivation and morale

Phases and Stages of the Family Life Cycle: A. Establishment Phase begins with the couple at marriage and continues until they become aware of the fact that the wife is pregnant. B. Expecting Phase starts with the awareness that the wife is pregnant and continues until the birth of the first child. C. Child Bearing Stage begin with the birth of the 1st baby and continues until the 1st born is in pre-school. D. Pre-School Stage includes elements of the childbearing stage and considerations for a family with a child between 2 1/2 and 5 years of age. E. School Age Stage starts when the 1st child goes at school, at 5-6 years of age, and continues until he or she becomes a teenager at 13. F. Teenage Stage continues from the time the 1st born child is 13 years of age until he departs from the home as a young adult. G. Launching Stage heralded by the event of the 1st born child leaving home for a job, college, and military service or in some cases of marriage. H. Middle Years extends from the launching of the last child until retirement or death of one of the spouses. I. Aging Years the final stage of the family life cycle, which begins with the wage earners retirement and encompasses the death of one spouses and finally death of the other.

The Filipino Family Structural and Functional Characteristics: The Filipino family is NUCLEAR. Extra members are included, the husbands relatives predominate

In the barrios, son and daughters marry within the community so that adults are closely related.

Authority in the Family The Filipino family is PATRIARCHAL. The husband plays the role of breadwinner and the mother plays the housekeeper and manager of the familys income. The traditional domain of the man lies outside of the home.

Lineage Descents Descent is BILATERAL. Property is usually acquired through inheritance and equal distribution is one basic principle. Parents can not completely cut-off any of the children even through a will, although a parent may indicate preference for one or another of the children.

Patterns of Residence The ideal is to set up an independent household immediately after marriage. The couples will more likely stay with the parents of the husband until the coming of the first child.

Happiness Orientation The Filipino finds his family as his chief source of happiness. Children are the most common source of happiness. The family is the best insurance against old age Sibling relationships are also very strong, extending after marriage.

Family Code of the Philippines Chapter I, Article I of the new family code provides that, Marriage is a special contract of permanent union between a man and a woman entered into in accordance with the law for the establishment of conjugal and family life. It is the foundation of the family and an inviolable social institution whose nature, consequences and incidents are governed by law and not subject to stipulation, expects that marriage settlements may fix the property relations during the marriage within the limits provided by this code. Essential Requisites of Marriage (Art.2) Marriages Exempted from License Requirement (chapter 2 articles 27-34) Void and Voidable Marriage(Chapter 3 Article 35-41) Annulment of Marriage Legal Separations