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The attitudes of Western nations during that time when Asia was
witnessing the ascendancy of Japan and her joining the ranks of
modern world powers were just of exactly the same kind that can
be seen today.
US and European nations tried to pry open Japan for trade during
the 19th century but only the US actually succeeded. The European
nations focused on China and the other communities of east Asia,
plundering, swindling, acquiring concessions and taking territory
and stealing riches and forcing local inhabitants to flee their
homelands. But the US dealt with Japan in a slightly different
way. Instead of sending gunboats with cannons firing wantonly,
or soldiers mindlesssly hacking and shooting their way in, the
US indicated their interest to negotiate a trade agreement with
the Japanese.
The initial contacts between the two sides did not go down well,
as the Japanese side did not quite agree to all the requests of
the US side. Still, the US sailors were satisfied that they were
able to make some minor breakthroughs and were happy enough to
give time for things to settle and did not resort to any outright
or immediate use of force.
Perry's visits to Japan opened their eyes and taught them how
important modern warships were to the future of the Japanese nation.
If the country was to be able to fend off these coarse foreigners,
and avoid having to meet their excessive and unreasonable demands,
they needed to acquire a modern navy.
Shortly after, Japan contacted the French and requested for help
to fabricate a state-of-the-art shipyard. A noted French engineer,
Verny, directed and built the Yokosuka shipyard for the Japanese
and thus the modern Japanese navy was born.
Russia was defeated after a short campaign and the victory over
the Russians signaled the arrival of a mighty power on the world
stage, one that was not identified with the white races.
Many Western people often liked to blame Russia for Japan's rise as
a military power but a frank and neutral analysis would point the
finger of guilt directly at the West. Many reasons were put forward.
One was that Russia's presence in the Far East posed a mortal threat
to Japan. Really, they were all merely lies and false claims. Japan's
awakening was stirred by the West and no one else. The transformation
of Japan was made possible by the West. Russia had absolutely nothing
to do with it. By the time the Japanese and the Russians came into
contact with one another, eyeball to eyeball, the Japanese were
already very firmly set on the path of unbridled aggression. In
fact, the Japanese actually occupied some Russian territory between
1918 to 1922 (at the behest of the Western powers). It is so very
wrong to blame the Russians.
When WW1 broke out, Japan sided with the Allies and as such she was
allowed to seize German possessions in China. These were again in
close proximity to the Russians who were themselves also in China.
For a time, the Russians were themselves mired deeply in their own
troubles but they never abandoned their interests south of the border.
The Japanese who were also there were by no means a shy or reserved
side, and again, friction between the two colonial masters became
all but inevitable.
Over the years Japan extended their control in China and in the
end their lines met or overlapped those belonging to the Russians
(now USSR). An undeclared war soon erupted but this time, the
Japanese were not so hot. The Soviet forces around the area were
far stronger compared to the earlier Czarist forces. By 1939, the
Japanese were forced to sign a peace agreement and for a while,
both sides were left free to do their own thing. For Japan, it
was a fully open and unimpeded road further and deeper into China.
For China, it was soon to be total hell on earth.