What is JSP expression language ? A language used to write expressions that access the properties of JavaBeans components.

EL expressions can be used in static text and in any standard or custom tag attribute that can accept an expression. What is JSP page ? A text-based document containing static text and J ! elements that describes how to process a re"uest to create a response. A J ! page is translated into and handles re"uests as a servlet. What is JSP scripting element ? A J ! declaration# scriptlet# or expression whose syntax is defined by the J ! specification and whose content is written according to the scripting language used in the J ! page. $he J ! specification describes the syntax and semantics for the case where the language page attribute is %&ava%. What is JSP scriptlet ? A J ! scripting element containing any code fragment that is valid in the scripting language used in the J ! page. $he J ! specification describes what is a valid scriptlet for the case where the language page attribute is %&ava%. What is JSP standard action ? An action that is defined in the J ! specification and is always available to a J ! page. What is JSP tag file ? A source file containing a reusable fragment of J ! code that is translated into a tag handler when a J ! page is translated into a servlet. What is JSP tag handler ? A Java programming language ob&ect that implements the behavior of a custom tag. What is JSP tag library ? A collection of custom tags described via a tag library descriptor and Java classes. What is JSTL ? Abbreviate of Java erver !ages tandard $ag Library. What is JTA ? Abbreviate of Java $ransaction A!'. What is JTS ? Abbreviate of Java $ransaction ervice. What is keystore ? A file containing the (eys and certificates used for authentication

 What is life cycle (J !! component" ? $he framewor( events of a J)EE component*s existence. Each type of component has defining events that mar( its transition into states in which it has varying availability for use. +or example# a servlet is created and has its init method called by its container before invocation of its service method by clients or other servlets that re"uire its functionality. After the call of its init method# it has the data and readiness for its intended use. $he servlet*s destroy method is called by its container before the ending of its existence so that processing associated with winding up can be done and resources can be released. $he init and destroy methods in this example are callbac( methods. imilar considerations apply to the life cycle of all J)EE component types, enterprise beans# -eb components .servlets or J ! pages/# applets# and application clients. What is life cycle (Ja#aSer#er $aces" ? A set of phases during which a re"uest for a page is received# a 0' component tree representing the page is processed# and a response is produced. 1uring the phases of the life cycle, $he local data of the components is updated with the values contained in the re"uest parameters. Events generated by the components are processed. 2alidators and converters registered on the components are processed. $he components* local data is updated to bac(-end ob&ects. $he response is rendered to the client while the component state of the response is saved on the server for future re"uests. What is local subset ? $hat part of the 1$1 that is defined within the current 34L file. What is managed bean creation facility ? A mechanism for defining the characteristics of JavaBeans components used in a Java erver +aces application. What is message ? 'n the Java 4essage ervice# an asynchronous re"uest# report# or event that is created# sent# and consumed by an enterprise application and not by a human. 't contains vital information needed to coordinate enterprise applications# in the form of precisely formatted data that describes specific business actions. What is message consumer ? An ob&ect created by a J4 session that is used for receiving messages sent to a destination. What is message%dri#en bean ? An enterprise bean that is an asynchronous message consumer. A message-driven bean has no state for a specific client# but its instance variables can contain state across the handling of client messages# including an open database connection and an ob&ect reference to an EJB ob&ect. A client accesses a message-driven bean by sending messages to the destination for which the bean is a message listener.

 What is message producer ? An ob&ect created by a J4 session that is used for sending messages to a destination. What is mixed%content model ? A 1$1 specification that defines an element as containing a mixture of text and one more other elements. $he specification must start with 5!61A$A# followed by diverse elements# and must end with the %7ero-or-more% asteris( symbol .8/. What is method%binding expression ? A Java erver +aces EL expression that refers to a method of a bac(ing bean. $his method performs either event handling# validation# or navigation processing for the 0' component whose tag uses the method-binding expression. What is method permission ? An authori7ation rule that determines who is permitted to execute one or more enterprise bean methods. What is mutual authentication ? An authentication mechanism employed by two parties for the purpose of proving each other*s identity to one another. What is namespace ? A standard that lets you specify a uni"ue label for the set of element names defined by a 1$1. A document using that 1$1 can be included in any other document without having a conflict between element names. $he elements defined in your 1$1 are then uni"uely identified so that# for example# the parser can tell when an element should be interpreted according to your 1$1 rather than using the definition for an element in a different 1$1. What is naming context ? A set of associations between uni"ue# atomic# people-friendly identifiers and ob&ects. What is naming en#ironment ? A mechanism that allows a component to be customi7ed without the need to access or change the component*s source code. A container implements the component*s naming environment and provides it to the component as a J91' naming context. Each component names and accesses its environment entries using the &ava,comp:env J91' context. $he environment entries are declaratively specified in the component*s deployment descriptor. What is normali&ation ? $he process of removing redundancy by modulari7ing# as with subroutines# and of removing superfluous differences by reducing them to a common denominator. +or example# line endings from different systems are normali7ed by reducing them to a single new line# and multiple whitespace characters are normali7ed to one space. What is 'orth American (ndustry )lassification System ('A()S" ? A system for classifying business establishments based on the processes they use to

produce goods or services. What is notation ? A mechanism for defining a data format for a non-34L document referenced as an unparsed entity. $his is a holdover from ;4L. A newer standard is to use 4'4E data types and namespaces to prevent naming conflicts. What is *AS(S ? <rgani7ation for the Advancement of tructured 'nformation tandards. A consortium that drives the development# convergence# and adoption of e-business standards. What is *+, ? <b&ect 4anagement ;roup. A consortium that produces and maintains computer industry specifications for interoperable enterprise applications. What is one%-ay messaging ? A method of transmitting messages without having to bloc( until a response is received. What is *./ ? <b&ect re"uest bro(er. A library that enables 6<=BA ob&ects to locate and communicate with one another. What is *S principal ? A principal native to the operating system on which the J)EE platform is executing. What is *TS ? <b&ect $ransaction ervice. A definition of the interfaces that permit 6<=BA ob&ects to participate in transactions. What is parameter entity ? An entity that consists of 1$1 specifications# as distinct from a general entity. A parameter entity defined in the 1$1 can then be referenced at other points# thereby eliminating the need to recode the definition at each location it is used. What is parsed entity ? A general entity that contains 34L and therefore is parsed when inserted into the 34L document# as opposed to an unparsed entity. What is parser ? A module that reads in 34L data from an input source and brea(s it into chun(s so that your program (nows when it is wor(ing with a tag# an attribute# or element data. A nonvalidating parser ensures that the 34L data is well formed but does not verify that it is valid. ee also validating parser. What is passi#ation ? $he process of transferring an enterprise bean from memory to secondary storage. ee

activation. What is persistence ? $he protocol for transferring the state of an entity bean between its instance variables and an underlying database. What is persistent field ? A virtual field of an entity bean that has container-managed persistence> it is stored in a database. What is P*A ? !ortable <b&ect Adapter. A 6<=BA standard for building server-side applications that are portable across heterogeneous <=Bs. What is point%to%point messaging system ? A messaging system built on the concept of message "ueues. Each message is addressed to a specific "ueue> clients extract messages from the "ueues established to hold their messages. What is primary key ? An ob&ect that uni"uely identifies an entity bean within a home. What is principal ? $he identity assigned to a user as a result of authentication. What is pri#ilege ? A security attribute that does not have the property of uni"ueness and that can be shared by many principals. What is processing instruction ? 'nformation contained in an 34L structure that is intended to be interpreted by a specific application. What is programmatic security ? ecurity decisions that are made by security-aware applications. !rogrammatic security is useful when declarative security alone is not sufficient to express the security model of an application. What is prolog ? $he part of an 34L document that precedes the 34L data. $he prolog includes the declaration and an optional 1$1. What is public key certificate ? 0sed in client-certificate authentication to enable the server# and optionally the client# to authenticate each other. $he public (ey certificate is the digital e"uivalent of a passport. 't is issued by a trusted organi7ation# called a certificate authority# and provides

identification for the bearer. What is publish0subscribe messaging system ? A messaging system in which clients address messages to a specific node in a content hierarchy# called a topic. !ublishers and subscribers are generally anonymous and can dynamically publish or subscribe to the content hierarchy. $he system ta(es care of distributing the messages arriving from a node*s multiple publishers to its multiple subscribers. What is 1uery string ? A component of an ?$$! re"uest 0=L that contains a set of parameters and values that affect the handling of the re"uest What is 1ueue ? A messaging system built on the concept of message "ueues. Each message is addressed to a specific "ueue> clients extract messages from the "ueues established to hold their messages. What is .A. ? =esource Adapter Archive. A JA= archive that contains a resource adapter module. What is .2$ ? =esource 1escription +ramewor(. A standard for defining the (ind of data that an 34L file contains. uch information can help ensure semantic integrity-for example-by helping to ma(e sure that a date is treated as a date rather than simply as text. What is .2$ schema ? A standard for specifying consistency rules that apply to the specifications contained in an =1+. What is realm ? ee security policy domain. Also# a string# passed as part of an ?$$! re"uest during basic authentication# that defines a protection space. $he protected resources on a server can be partitioned into a set of protection spaces# each with its own authentication scheme or authori7ation database or both. 'n the J)EE server authentication service# a realm is a complete database of roles# users# and groups that identify valid users of a -eb application or a set of -eb applications. What is reentrant entity bean ? An entity bean that can handle multiple simultaneous# interleaved# or nested invocations that will not interfere with each other. What is reference ? A reference to an entity that is substituted for the reference when the 34L document is parsed. 't can reference a predefined entity such as @ or reference one that is defined in the 1$1. 'n the 34L data# the reference could be to an entity that is defined in the local

subset of the 1$1 or to an external 34L file .an external entity/. $he 1$1 can also carve out a segment of 1$1 specifications and give it a name so that it can be reused .included/ at multiple points in the 1$1 by defining a parameter entity. What is registry ? An infrastructure that enables the building# deployment# and discovery of -eb services. 't is a neutral third party that facilitates dynamic and loosely coupled business-to-business .B)B/ interactions. What is registry pro#ider ? An implementation of a business registry that conforms to a specification for 34L registries .for example# eb34L or 011'/. What is relationship field ? A virtual field of an entity bean having container-managed persistence> it identifies a related entity bean. What is remote interface ? <ne of two interfaces for an enterprise bean. $he remote interface defines the business methods callable by a client. What is remo#e method ? 4ethod defined in the ?ome interface and invo(ed by a client to destroy an enterprise bean. What is render kit ? A set of renderers that render output to a particular client. $he Java erver +aces implementation provides a standard ?$4L render (it# which is composed of renderers that can render ?4$L mar(up. What is renderer ? A Java class that can render the output for a set of Java erver +aces 0' components. What is resource adapter ? A system-level software driver that is used by an EJB container or an application client to connect to an enterprise information system. A resource adapter typically is specific to an enterprise information system. 't is available as a library and is used within the address space of the server or client using it. A resource adapter plugs in to a container. $he application components deployed on the container then use the client A!' .exposed by the adapter/ or tool-generated high-level abstractions to access the underlying enterprise information system. $he resource adapter and EJB container collaborate to provide the underlying mechanisms-transactions# security# and connection pooling-for connectivity to the enterprise information system. What is resource adapter module ? A deployable unit that contains all Java interfaces# classes# and native libraries#

implementing a resource adapter along with the resource adapter deployment descriptor. What is resource manager ? !rovides access to a set of shared resources. A resource manager participates in transactions that are externally controlled and coordinated by a transaction manager. A resource manager typically is in a different address space or on a different machine from the clients that access it. 9ote, An enterprise information system is referred to as a resource manager when it is mentioned in the context of resource and transaction management. What is resource manager connection ? An ob&ect that represents a session with a resource manager. What is resource manager connection factory ? An ob&ect used for creating a resource manager connection. What is .+( ? =emote 4ethod 'nvocation. A technology that allows an ob&ect running in one Java virtual machine to invo(e methods on an ob&ect running in a different Java virtual machine. What is .+(%((*P ? A version of =4' implemented to use the 6<=BA ''<! protocol. =4' over ''<! provides interoperability with 6<=BA ob&ects implemented in any language if all the remote interfaces are originally defined as =4' interfaces. What is role (de#elopment" ? $he function performed by a party in the development and deployment phases of an application developed using J)EE technology. $he roles are application component provider# application assembler# deployer# J)EE product provider# EJB container provider# EJB server provider# -eb container provider# -eb server provider# tool provider# and system administrator. What is role mapping ? $he process of associating the groups or principals .or both/# recogni7ed by the container with security roles specified in the deployment descriptor. ecurity roles must be mapped by the deployer before a component is installed in the server. What is role (security" ? An abstract logical grouping of users that is defined by the application assembler. -hen an application is deployed# the roles are mapped to security identities# such as principals or groups# in the operational environment. 'n the J)EE server authentication service# a role is an abstract name for permission to access a particular set of resources. A role can be compared to a (ey that can open a loc(. 4any people might have a copy of the (ey> the loc( doesn*t care who you are# only that you have the right (ey.

 What is rollback ? $he point in a transaction when all updates to any resources involved in the transaction are reversed. What is root ? $he outermost element in an 34L document. $he element that contains all other elements. What is SA3 ? Abbreviation of imple A!' for 34L. What is Simple AP( for 3+L ? An event-driven interface in which the parser invo(es one of several methods supplied by the caller when a parsing event occurs. Events include recogni7ing an 34L tag# finding an error# encountering a reference to an external entity# or processing a 1$1 specification. What is schema ? A database-inspired method for specifying constraints on 34L documents using an 34L-based language. chemas address deficiencies in 1$1s# such as the inability to put constraints on the (inds of data that can occur in a particular field. Because schemas are founded on 34L# they are hierarchical. $hus it is easier to create an unambiguous specification# and it is possible to determine the scope over which a comment is meant to apply. What is Secure Socket Layer (SSL" ? A technology that allows -eb browsers and -eb servers to communicate over a secured connection. What is security attributes ? A set of properties associated with a principal. ecurity attributes can be associated with a principal by an authentication protocol or by a J)EE product provider or both. What is security constraint ? A declarative way to annotate the intended protection of -eb content. A security constraint consists of a -eb resource collection# an authori7ation constraint# and a user data constraint. What is security context ? An ob&ect that encapsulates the shared state information regarding security between two entities. What is security permission ? A mechanism defined by J) E# and used by the J)EE platform to express the programming restrictions imposed on application component developers.

 What is security permission set ? $he minimum set of security permissions that a J)EE product provider must provide for the execution of each component type. What is security policy domain ? A scope over which security policies are defined and enforced by a security administrator. A security policy domain has a collection of users .or principals/# uses a well-defined authentication protocol or protocols for authenticating users .or principals/# and may have groups to simplify setting of security policies. What is security role ? An abstract logical grouping of users that is defined by the application assembler. -hen an application is deployed# the roles are mapped to security identities# such as principals or groups# in the operational environment. 'n the J)EE server authentication service# a role is an abstract name for permission to access a particular set of resources. A role can be compared to a (ey that can open a loc(. 4any people might have a copy of the (ey> the loc( doesn*t care who you are# only that you have the right (ey. What is security technology domain ? A scope over which the same security mechanism is used to enforce a security policy. 4ultiple security policy domains can exist within a single technology domain. What is security #ie- ? $he set of security roles defined by the application assembler. What is ser#er certificate ? 0sed with the ?$$! protocol to authenticate -eb applications. $he certificate can be self-signed or approved by a certificate authority .6A/. $he ?$$! service of the un Java ystem Application erver !latform Edition A will not run unless a server certificate has been installed. What is ser#er principal ? $he < principal that the server is executing as. What is ser#ice element ? A representation of the combination of one or more 6onnector components that share a single engine component for processing incoming re"uests. What is ser#ice endpoint interface ? A Java interface that declares the methods that a client can invo(e on a -eb service. What is ser#let ? A Java program that extends the functionality of a -eb server# generating dynamic content and interacting with -eb applications using a re"uest-response paradigm.

 What is ser#let container ? A container that provides the networ( services over which re"uests and responses are sent# decodes re"uests# and formats responses. All servlet containers must support ?$$! as a protocol for re"uests and responses but can also support additional re"uest-response protocols# such as ?$$! . What is ser#let container4 distributed ? A servlet container that can run a -eb application that is tagged as distributable and that executes across multiple Java virtual machines running on the same host or on different hosts. What is ser#let context ? An ob&ect that contains a servlet*s view of the -eb application within which the servlet is running. 0sing the context# a servlet can log events# obtain 0=L references to resources# and set and store attributes that other servlets in the context can use. What is ser#let mapping ? 1efines an association between a 0=L pattern and a servlet. $he mapping is used to map re"uests to servlets. What is session ? An ob&ect used by a servlet to trac( a user*s interaction with a -eb application across multiple ?$$! re"uests. What is session bean ? An enterprise bean that is created by a client and that usually exists only for the duration of a single client-server session. A session bean performs operations# such as calculations or database access# for the client. Although a session bean can be transactional# it is not recoverable should a system crash occur. ession bean ob&ects either can be stateless or can maintain conversational state across methods and transactions. 'f a session bean maintains state# then the EJB container manages this state if the ob&ect must be removed from memory. ?owever# the session bean ob&ect itself must manage its own persistent data. What is S,+L ? tandard ;enerali7ed 4ar(up Language. $he parent of both ?$4L and 34L. Although ?$4L shares ;4L*s propensity for embedding presentation information in the mar(up# 34L is a standard that allows information content to be totally separated from the mechanisms for rendering that content. What is S*AP ? imple <b&ect Access !rotocol. A lightweight protocol intended for exchanging structured information in a decentrali7ed# distributed environment. 't defines# using 34L technologies# an extensible messaging framewor( containing a message construct that can be exchanged over a variety of underlying protocols.

 What is S*AP -ith Attachments AP( for Ja#a (SAAJ" ? $he basic pac(age for <A! messaging# AAJ contains the A!' for creating and populating a <A! message. What is S5L ? tructured Buery Language. $he standardi7ed relational database language for defining database ob&ects and manipulating data. What is S5L0J ? A set of standards that includes specifications for embedding BL statements in methods in the Java programming language and specifications for calling Java static methods as BL stored procedures and user-defined functions. An BL chec(er can detect errors in static BL statements at program development time# rather than at execution time as with a J1B6 driver. What is SSL ? ecure oc(et Layer. A security protocol that provides privacy over the 'nternet. $he protocol allows client-server applications to communicate in a way that cannot be eavesdropped upon or tampered with. ervers are always authenticated# and clients are optionally authenticated. What is stateful session bean ? A session bean with a conversational state. What is stateless session bean ? A session bean with no conversational state. All instances of a stateless session bean are identical. What is system administrator ? $he person responsible for configuring and administering the enterprise*s computers# networ(s# and software systems. What is tag ? 'n 34L documents# a piece of text that describes a unit of data or an element. $he tag is distinguishable as mar(up# as opposed to data# because it is surrounded by angle brac(ets .@ and C/. $o treat such mar(up syntax as data# you use an entity reference or a 61A$A section. What is template ? A set of formatting instructions that apply to the nodes selected by an 3!ath expression. What is tool pro#ider ? An organi7ation or software vendor that provides tools used for the development# pac(aging# and deployment of J)EE applications.

 What is transaction attribute ? A value specified in an enterprise bean*s deployment descriptor that is used by the EJB container to control the transaction scope when the enterprise bean*s methods are invo(ed. A transaction attribute can have the following values, =e"uired# =e"uires9ew# upports# 9ot upported# 4andatory# or 9ever. What is transaction ? An atomic unit of wor( that modifies data. A transaction encloses one or more program statements# all of which either complete or roll bac(. $ransactions enable multiple users to access the same data concurrently. What is transaction isolation le#el ? -hat is transaction isolation level $he degree to which the intermediate state of the data being modified by a transaction is visible to other concurrent transactions and data being modified by other transactions is visible to it. What is transaction manager ? !rovides the services and management functions re"uired to support transaction demarcation# transactional resource management# synchroni7ation# and transaction context propagation. What is 6nicode ? A standard defined by the 0nicode 6onsortium that uses a DE-bit code page that maps digits to characters in languages around the world. Because DE bits covers F)#GEA codes# 0nicode is large enough to include all the world*s languages# with the exception of ideographic languages that have a different character for every concept# such as 6hinese. What is 6ni#ersal 2escription4 2isco#ery and (ntegration (622(" pro7ect ? An industry initiative to create a platform-independent# open framewor( for describing services# discovering businesses# and integrating business services using the 'nternet# as well as a registry. 't is being developed by a vendor consortium. What is 6ni#ersal Standard Products and Ser#ices )lassification (6'SPS)" ? A schema that classifies and identifies commodities. 't is used in sell-side and buy-side catalogs and as a standardi7ed account code in analy7ing expenditure. What is unparsed entity ? A general entity that contains something other than 34L. By its nature# an unparsed entity contains binary data. What is 6.( ? 0niform resource identifier. A globally uni"ue identifier for an abstract or physical resource. A 0=L is a (ind of 0=' that specifies the retrieval protocol .http or https for -eb applications/ and physical location of a resource .host name and host-relative path/. A 0=9 is another type of 0='.

 What is 6.L ? 0niform resource locator. A standard for writing a textual reference to an arbitrary piece of data in the -orld -ide -eb. A 0=L loo(s li(e this, protocol,::host:local info where protocol specifies a protocol for fetching the ob&ect .such as http or ftp/# host specifies the 'nternet name of the targeted host# and local info is a string .often a file name/ passed to the protocol handler on the remote host. What is 6.L path ? $he part of a 0=L passed by an ?$$! re"uest to invo(e a servlet. A 0=L path consists of the context path H servlet path H path info# where 6ontext path is the path prefix associated with a servlet context of which the servlet is a part. 'f this context is the default context rooted at the base of the -eb server*s 0=L namespace# the path prefix will be an empty string. <therwise# the path prefix starts with a : character but does not end with a : character. ervlet path is the path section that directly corresponds to the mapping that activated this re"uest. $his path starts with a : character. !ath info is the part of the re"uest path that is not part of the context path or the servlet path What is 6.' ? 0niform resource name. A uni"ue identifier that identifies an entity but doesn*t tell where it is located. A system can use a 0=9 to loo( up an entity locally before trying to find it on the -eb. 't also allows the -eb location to change# while still allowing the entity to be found. What is user data constraint ? 'ndicates how data between a client and a -eb container should be protected. $he protection can be the prevention of tampering with the data or prevention of eavesdropping on the data