Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Education Program
8017A
WEAPONS (8017)
Course Introduction
Scope The Weapons course is designed to provide the Marine sergeant with
technical and detailed instruction on the characteristics and operation of some
of the most common small arms found in the Marine Corps arsenal. These
include the
· M9 pistol
· M203 grenade launcher
· M249 squad automatic weapon (SAW)
· M240G machinegun
· M2HB .50 caliber machinegun
· MK19 machinegun
· Traversing and elevating mechanism
· M136, 84MM HEAT launcher and high explosive anti-tank cartridge
(AT-4)
· Characteristics
· Operation
· Maintenance
· Firing Procedures
· Employment
If you find that you need a detailed review of a particular weapon, you will
probably want to enroll in specific weapons courses (commonly called “red
books”) offered by the Marine Corps Institute.
References The following references were used in the writing of this course:
· TM 9-1010-221-10, Operators Manual, Grenade Launcher, 40mm, M203.
· TM 08671A-10/1, Operators Manual, Machinegun, 5.56, M249.
· TM 08670B-10/1, Operators Manual, Machinegun, 240 Machinegun
Series.
· TM 08670B-10/1A, Supplement-1 Operators Manual.
· TM 9-1005-213-10, Operators Manual Machinegun, Caliber .50.
Browning, M2, Heavy Barrel and Mount, Tripod, Machinegun, Caliber
.50, M3.
· TM 08521A-10/1A, Operator’s Manual, Machinegun, 40mm, MK19 Mod
3.
· TM 1005A-10/1, Operators Manual, Pistol, 9mm, M9.
· TM 9-1010-221-10, Rifle, 5.56mm, M-16A2 W/E.
· TM 9-1315-886-12, Operator's and Unit Maintenance Manual for
Launcher and Cartridge, 84 Millimeter: M136 (AT4).
· MCWP 3-15.1, Machineguns and Machinegun Gunnery.
· FMFM 6-5, Marine Rifle Squad.
· FM 3-23.25, Light Anti-Armor Weapons.
Estimated You will spend about 18 hours and 20 minutes completing this course. This
Study Time includes the time you will need to study the text, complete the exercises, and
take the final exam.
Reserve You earn 6 retirement credits for completing this course. You earn reserve
Retirement retirement credits at the rate of one credit for each 3 hours of estimated study
Credits time.
Note: Reserve retirement credits are not awarded for the MCI study you do
during drill periods if awarded credits for drill attendance.
Summary The table below summarizes all the important “gateways” needed to
successfully complete this course.
References The following table lists publications that can be used as additional sources of
information about the content of this course.
Unit Scope This study unit teaches you the characteristics, operation, maintenance,
immediate action, care and cleaning techniques, and firing procedures for the
M9 pistol.
Unit Content The following table lists the lessons covered in this study unit.
Estimated 25 minutes
Study Time
Lesson Scope This lesson teaches you the basic characteristics of the M9 pistol and the
ammunition it uses.
Role The M9 pistol provides timely and accurate fire in a close combat situation
and as a means of defense for personnel assigned
Major The diagram below identifies the major components of the M9 pistol.
Components
Description The diagram below shows the major parts for the M9 pistol.
Item Part
1 Firing Pin Block
2 Extractor/Loaded Chamber Indicator
3 Trigger
4 Front Sight
5 Slide Assembly
6 Disassembly Lever
7 Slide Stop
8 Rear Sight
9 Decocking/Safety Lever
10 Hammer
11 Receiver
12 Grip
13 Lanyard Loop
14 Magazine
15 Magazine Catch Assembly
16 Disassembly Button
Weight The following table lists the approximate weight (in ounces) of the M9 pistol.
Length The following table lists the length (in inches) of the M9 pistol.
Range The following table lists the range (in meters) for the M9 pistol.
Muzzle Velocity The muzzle velocity of the M9 pistol is 1230.3 feet per second.
Safety The M9 pistol is equipped with two safety mechanisms described below:
Mechanisms
· The manual decocking/safety lever, located on the slide, which separates
the firing pin from the hammer, lowers the hammer when cocked, and
interrupts the connection between trigger and sear.
· The firing pin block prevents any motion of the firing pin and is overcome
only by pulling on the trigger.
Operation The cycle of operation for the M9 pistol consists of the following eight steps:
Standard The standard ammunition for the M9 pistol is the NATO M882 9mm ball
Ammunition round, as shown below.
Estimated 5 minutes
Study Time
Item 2 What is the weight (in pounds) of the M9 service pistol with 15 round
magazine?
a. 2.00
b. 2.50
c. 2.54
d. 3.00
Item 3 What is the fourth step in the cycle of operation of the M9 pistol?
a. Locking
b. Firing
c. Unlocking
d. Extracting
Answers The table below provides the answers to the exercise items. If you have any
questions, refer to the reference page listed for each item.
Estimated 25 minutes
Study Time
Lesson Scope This lesson teaches you how to clear, disassemble, and clean the M9 pistol.
· Identify the steps for the care and cleaning of the M9 pistol.
Procedures Before you begin to disassemble the M9 pistol, you must clear it to be sure it
is completely safe. The five steps to clear the M9 pistol are listed in the table
below.
Step Action
1 Place the weapon on safe by rotating the ambidextrous thumb
safety to the down position.
3 Pull the slide to the rear with your left hand and lock it in place by
pushing up on the slide stop with your right thumb.
4 Inspect the chamber by tilting the weapon up so you can see into
the chamber and be sure no rounds are present.
5 Release the slide and allow it to return to the forward position.
Operator After you clear the M9 pistol, you may begin disassembly into main groups
Disassembly for cleaning and inspection. The four main groups are the
· Slide group
· Recoil spring and guide group
· Barrel group
· Magazine group
· Receiver group
Slide Groups The following table lists the steps for removing the slide, barrel, and recoil
From the spring and guide groups from the receiver.
Receiver
Step Action
1 Depress the disassembly button (as shown in picture below)
located on the right hand side of the receiver just above the front
strap of the trigger guard. Extend your forefinger along the
receiver until you can depress the button. Once you have
depressed the button, hold it in that position.
2 Rotate the disassembly lever. Now, with the thumb of the left
hand, rotate the disassembly lever clockwise and down (as shown
in picture below). The lever will rotate 90 degrees to a solid stop.
Now you can relax the pressure on the disassembly button.
Slide Groups,
continued
Step Action
3 Once the disassembly lever comes to a stop, you will hear a click
and the slide will jump forward slightly. The slide is now
unlocked from the receiver. With your left hand, grasp the slide
and pull it (along with the barrel, recoil spring, and guide) forward
off the receiver as shown in the picture below. Now set the
receiver aside since nothing more can be removed from it.
Recoil Spring The following table lists the steps to remove the recoil spring and guide from
and Guide the slide.
Step Action
1 Cradle the slide upside down in your left hand and compress the
recoil spring with your right thumb (as shown in the picture
below).
2 Once the spring is compressed, lift up on the rear of the guide (as
shown in picture below) and pull the spring and guide from the
slide.
Magazine The following table lists the steps to disassemble the M9 pistol magazine.
Group
Step Action
1 Grasp the magazine with the back of the magazine tube against the
palm of the hand.
Cleaners and To be sure that your M9 pistol works correctly, keep it clean and properly
Lubricants lubricated.
Note: Your cleaning equipment can be either a regular rifle cleaning brush
(toothbrush) or a bore brush and cleaning rod.
The following table lists authorized cleaners/lubricants and their use on the
M9 pistol.
Cleaners/Lubricants Use
Cleaner, Lubricant, Preservative Cleans, lubricates, and preserves at
(CLP) temperatures down to –35°F
Caution: Do not use any dry cleaning solvent that contains acid to clean
grease, oil, or corrosion-preventive compounds from the M9
pistol.
Purpose of You must clean the M9 pistol after you have fired it because firing produces
Cleaning deposits of primer fouling, powder ashes, carbon, and metal fouling. These
deposits collect and promote rust if you do not remove them. The cleaning
procedures described on the next page enable you to remove all deposits
except metal fouling.
Caution: Report all burred, worn, cracked defective parts to your unit
armorer for correction.
Cleaning the The following table lists the steps to clean the bore of the M9 pistol.
Bore
Step Action
1 Attach the bore brush to the cleaning rod. Insert the brush in the
bore and move it back and forth in the bore to loosen carbon
deposits. Repeat this step until a dry cleaning patch pulled through
the bore exits clean.
2 Attach a clean, dry cleaning patch to the cleaning rod.
3 Moisten the cleaning patch thoroughly with CLP.
4 Pull the patch through the bore several times and inspect the patch.
Repeat this step until the patch shows no fouling.
5 Inspect bore for pitting or obstruction, blocking block moves
freely and there are no cracks or burrs visible.
Cleaning the The following table lists the steps to clean the bore of the M9 pistol.
Slide Assembly
Step Action
1 Moisten a soft brush with CLP and remove excess dirt and carbon
buildup around the decocking lever, breech face, extractor, and slide
guides.
Cleaning the The following table lists the steps to clean the receiver of the M9 pistol.
Receiver
Assembly
Step Action
1 Wipe the receiver assembly clean with cloth or soft brush paying
attention to the disassembly lever, trigger, slide stop, hammer, and
magazine release button.
Extreme Take extra precautions to be sure the M9 pistol operates trouble free in
Environments extreme environments. Refer to the table below for precautions to take in
different environments.
Estimated 10 minutes
Study Time
Item 1 To clear the M9 pistol, place the weapon on safe, __________________, lock
the slide to the rear, inspect the chamber, and release the slide to return to
forward position.
Item 2 After you have cleared the M9 pistol, what is the first step to disassemble the
pistol?
a. CLP
b. LSA
c. LAW
d. RBC
Items 4 Matching: In the space provided, place the letter of the steps to clean the M9
Through 7 pistol from column 2 in the correct sequence for cleaning the M9 pistol bore
in column 1. The answers in column 2 may be used only once.
Column 1 Column 2
Item 8 To prevent rust and corrosion in a hot, dry, sandy climate, you should
a. Remove excess oil and keep the M9 pistol temperature close to the
outside temperature.
b. Clean and lubricate daily.
c. Keep weapon free of moisture and remove excess oil.
d. Remove excess oil and keep muzzle and receiver covered.
Answers The table below provides the answers to the exercise items. If you have any
questions, refer to the reference page listed for each item.
Estimated 25 minutes
Study Time
Lesson Scope This lesson teaches you how to assemble, identify stoppages and their causes,
and perform immediate action on the M9 pistol.
Procedure After you have cleaned your M9 pistol, you are ready to assemble your
weapon. To assemble the M9 pistol, replace the parts in the reverse order of
disassembly.
Installing the The following table lists the steps to install the barrel into the slide.
Barrel into the
Slide
Step Action
1 Cradle the barrel upside down in your left hand. Push forward
until the muzzle barely protrudes from the slide.
2 Grasp the locking block lightly between the thumb and forefinger
of your right hand.
3 Insert the barrel, muzzle first, into the slide.
4 Make sure the locking lugs engage the locking lug shoulders of the
bolt. Push the barrel slightly rearward to lock it into position.
Installing the The following table lists the steps to install the recoil spring and guide into the
Recoil Spring slide.
and Guide into
the Slide
Step Action
1 Fully insert the recoil spring on the spring guide.
2 Insert the free end of the spring into the spring recess in the front of the
slide.
3 Compress the spring slightly; rotate the guide, head down, until it rests
in the guide groove. Make sure the guide fits snugly in the groove.
Installing the The following table lists the steps to install the slide, barrel, and recoil spring
Slide, Barrel, and guide onto the receiver.
and Recoil
Spring and
Guide onto the
Receiver
Step Action
1 Pick up the receiver. If the hammer is cocked, gently lower it until
it meets the receiver frame.
2 Grasp the front section of the slide with your left hand, placing
your thumb on the recoil spring and guide so the spring and guide
do not become misaligned with the locking block.
3 Carefully guide the rear portion of the slide rails onto the front
portion of the receiver rails.
4 When the rails are well engaged, push the slide all the way against
the hammer, pushing the hammer slightly rearward.
5 Rotate the wing of the disassembly lever counterclockwise to its
closed position. As soon as you rotate the lever, the recoil spring
guide (under pressure from the spring) should force the
disassembly lever up with a loud click.
6 To verify correct assembly, pull the slide back and release it. It
should close energetically.
Assemble The following table lists the steps to assemble the 15 round magazines used
Magazine with the M9 pistol.
Step Action
1 Insert the follower into the top coil of the magazine spring.
Notes: The top coil has an upward and forward pointing end.
Purpose After you have assembled your M9 pistol, perform a function check to ensure
the M9 pistol is performing properly.
Procedure The table below list the steps to perform a function check on the M9 pistol.
Step Action
1 Insert an empty magazine into the pistol and ensure that the magazine
catch locks the magazine in place.
2 Retract the slide to the rear, ensuring the magazine's slide stop locks
slide assembly to the rear.
3 Ensure the safety lever is in the safe position (down). Depress the
slide stop and allow the slide to return forward. Observe that the
hammer is in the forward position.
4 Squeeze and release trigger. Observe that firing pin block moves up
and down. The hammer should not move.
5 Place the safety lever in fire position (up).
6 Squeeze the trigger. The hammer should cock and fall (double action).
7 Squeeze the trigger again and hold it to the rear. Move the slide to the
rear and release. Release the trigger. You should hear a click and the
hammer should not fall.
Procedures The M9 pistol can fire any time the trigger is pulled with the safety lever in
the fire position and a round in the chamber. The following table lists the
steps to load the M9 pistol.
Step Action
1 Insert a loaded magazine into the magazine well of the pistol until a
click of the magazine catch is heard.
Load M9 The following table lists the steps to load a 15-round magazine used by the
magazine M9 pistol.
Step Action
1 Place a cartridge on the magazine follower in front of the lips.
2 Press down and slide the cartridge completely back under the lips.
3 Repeat these steps until the magazine is fully loaded.
Introduction The weapon must become an extension of the hand and arm. To accurately
engage targets with the M9 pistol, you must be familiar with griping, aiming
and firing position of the M9 pistol.
Grip the M9 A proper grip is one of the most important fundamentals in firing the M9
Pistol pistol. The two-hand grip used to fire the M9 pistol allows the firer to steady
the firing hand and provide maximum support during firing. Position your
hand as stated in the below table.
Hand Fingers
Non-firing Hold the weapon.
Firing Form a V with the thumb and forefinger and place
the weapon in the V with the front and rear sights
in line with the firing arm.
Firing Wrap the lower three fingers around the pistol grip,
putting equal pressure with all three fingers to the
rear.
Firing Allow the thumb to rest alongside the weapon
without pressure and grip the weapon.
Aiming Aiming is the proper sight alignment and sight placement of the M9 pistol on
the target.
Sight The front blade sight of the M9 pistol is centered and leveled with the top of
Alignment the rear sight notch.
Sight The position of the weapon’s sights on the target as seen by the firer. Proper
Placement sight placement is the correct sight alignment with the front sight post center
mass on the target.
Proper Sight The picture below shows the proper alignment and placement of the M9 sight
Alignment and on a target.
Sight
Placement
Firing Position The standing firing position is used to engage targets with the M9 pistol. To
for M9 Pistol ensure quick response to dangerously close targets, it must be practiced so it
becomes natural. The standing position is illustrated and described in the
table below.
Failure to Fire Failure of the M9 pistol to fire can be can be a result of the following:
Unintentional The table below lists common interruptions that may be experienced with the
Interruptions M9.
Stoppage Cause
Stovepipe Occurs when the weapon fails to completely
eject the casing.
Double feed Occurs when two rounds are stuck in the
receiver.
Slide not fully seated Caused by a number of reasons, as simple as
dirty ammunition or a dirty pistol.
Audible pop or reduced Occurs when only a portion of the propellant
recoil is ignited.
Definition Immediate action is the prompt action taken by the user to correct a stoppage,
without attempting to discover the cause.
Procedure Since it’s important that immediate action become instinctive, the following
table lists the steps to perform immediate action on the M9 pistol.
Step Action
1 TAP – Slap the bottom of the magazine upward to ensure it is fully
seated.
2 RACK – Pull the slide all the way to the rear and release it to
ensure a round is chambered.
3 BANG – Sight and attempt to fire. If immediate action was
successful, the pistol will fire.
Estimated 5 minutes
Study Time
Item 2 What step checks that the M9 pistol’s hammer cocks and falls (double action)
when performing a function check?
a. Two
b. Five
c. Six
d. Seven
a. in a safe direction.
b. at the target.
c. at six o’clock.
d. at 45 degrees.
a. firing hand
b. non-firing hand
c. firm grip
d. thumb and forefinger
Answers The table below provides the answers to the exercise items. If you have any
questions, refer to the reference page listed for each item.
Unit Scope This study unit teaches you the characteristics, operation, maintenance,
immediate action, care and cleaning techniques, and firing procedures for the
M203 grenade launcher.
Estimated 25 minutes
Study Time
Lesson Scope The objective of this lesson is to teach you the basic characteristics of the
M203 grenade launcher and the ammunition it uses.
· Identify the standard types of ammunition for the M203 grenade launcher
based on color and use.
Role The M203 grenade launcher supports the fire team in both the offense and the
defense by providing close fire support over the entire team sector of fire.
Components The diagram below shows the M203 grenade launcher and its major
components attached to the M16A2 service rifle.
Weight The following table lists the approximate weight (in pounds) of the M203
grenade launcher and the M16A2 rifle.
Range The following table lists the range (in meters) for the M203 grenade launcher.
Description The eight characteristics of the M203 grenade launcher are listed below.
· Lightweight
· Single-shot
· Breech loaded
· Pump action (sliding barrel)
· Shoulder-fired
· Attaches to the M16A2 rifle
· Fires a 40mm grenade
Ammunition The 40mm grenade cartridge used in the M203 is a fixed-type ammunition,
Types consisting of two major assemblies, the cartridge case and the projectile. The
standard types of ammunition used with the M203 grenade launcher are
described in the following table by color and use.
Ammunition
Types,
continued
Ammunition
Types,
continued
N/A
N/A
N/A
Estimated 5 minutes
Study Time
Directions Complete items 1 through 3 by performing the actions required. Check your
answers against those listed at the end of this lesson.
Item 2 The maximum range of the M203 grenade launcher is ______ meters.
a. 150
b. 350
c. 400
d. 460
Item 3 The standard types of ammunition used with the M203 are high explosive,
high explosive airburst, high explosive dual purpose, CS gas, and
a. variable time.
b. white phosphorous.
c. training practice.
d. variable inert.
Answers The table below provides the answers to the exercise items. If you have any
questions, refer to the reference page listed for each item.
Estimated 25 minutes
Study Time
Lesson Scope The objective of this lesson is to teach you how to clear, disassemble, and
clean the M203 grenade launcher.
· Identify steps for the care and cleaning of the M203 grenade.
Steps Before you begin to disassemble the M203 grenade launcher, you must clear
the weapon to be sure it is completely safe. The following table lists the steps
to clear the M203 grenade launcher.
Step Action
1 Place the weapon on safe by lowering the safety located inside the
trigger guard.
Procedure The table below lists the steps to disassemble the M203 grenade launcher.
Step Action
1 Remove the quadrant sight by loosening the knurled screw on the
right side of weapon.
Procedure,
continued
Step Action
3 Depress the barrel latch and slide the barrel assembly forward.
4 Insert one end of a cleaning rod section into the hole and depress
the barrel stop.
Purpose for You must clean the M203 grenade launcher after you have fired to remove
Cleaning powder ash and carbon fouling. These deposits will collect and promote rust.
Note: Only the unit armorer is authorized to remove metal fouling. Report
all burred, worn, cracked, or defective parts to your unit armorer
Cleaners and To be sure that your M203 grenade launcher works correctly, keep it clean
Lubricants and properly lubricated.
Note: Your cleaning equipment can be either a regular rifle cleaning brush
(toothbrush) or a bore brush and thong.
CAUTION: Do not use dry cleaning solvent that contains acid when you
clean grease, oil, or corrosion-preventive compounds from the
M203 grenade launcher.
Cleaning the The following table lists the steps to clean the bore of the M203 grenade
Bore launcher assembly.
Step Action
1 Attach a clean, dry rag (the size of a handkerchief) to the thong.
2 Moisten the rag thoroughly with CLP.
3 Pull the rag through the bore several times; inspect the rag. Repeat
this step until the rag shows no fouling.
4 Attach the bore brush to the thong and pull it through the bore
several times as shown in the picture below. Repeat this step until
a dry rag pulled through the bore exits clean.
Procedure The following table lists the steps to clean the chamber of the M203 grenade
launcher.
Step Action
1 Clean area around the breech insert and firing pin hole.
Extreme Take extra precautions to make sure the M203 grenade launcher operates
Environments trouble free in extreme environments. Refer to the table below for actions to
take in different environments.
Type of Climate Care/Cleaning Prevents
Hot Inspect daily/lubricate Moisture and rust
Humid Dry, clean and lubricate as Moisture and rust
necessary
Hot, dry, sandy · Clean lubricate daily and · Rust and corrosion
wipe dry · Sand and dust in the
· Keep muzzle and receiver bore
covered
Below freezing · Remove excess oil · Sluggish operation
· Keep weapon free of · Rust and corrosion
moisture · Moisture and rust
· Keep the M203 temperature
close to the outside
temperature
Salt water Inspect daily/lubricate Moisture and rust
atmosphere
Estimated 10 minutes
Study Time
Directions Complete items 1 through 8 by performing the actions required. Check your
answers against those listed at the end of this lesson.
Item 1 What is the fourth step to clear the M203 grenade launcher?
Item 2 What is the first step the gunner must perform when disassembling the M203?
Item 3 Which is the only authorized cleaner/lubricant used on the M203 grenade
launcher?
a. CLP
b. LSA
c. LAW
d. RBC
Items 4 Matching: In the sequence and the space provided, place the letter of the
Through 7 steps to clean the M203 grenade launcher assembly from column 2 to column
1. The answers in column 2 may be used only once.
Column 1 Column 2
Item 8 How do you prevent rust, corrosion, sand, and dust in the bore in a hot, dry,
and sandy climate?
a. Remove excess oil and keep the M203 temperature close to the outside
temperature.
b. Clean and lubricate daily and keep muzzle and receiver covered.
c. Keep weapon free of moisture and close to outside temperature.
d. Inspect daily.
Answers The table below provides the answers to the exercise items. If you have any
questions, refer to the reference page listed for each item.
Estimated 30 minutes
Study Time
Lesson Scope This lesson discusses how to assemble, perform a function check, and
accurately fire the M203 grenade launcher.
· Identify the steps to adjust the sight leaf on the M203 grenade launcher.
· Identify the steps to adjust the quadrant sight on the M203 grenade
launcher.
Procedure After you have cleaned your M203 grenade launcher, you are ready to
assemble your weapon. To assemble the M203 grenade launcher, replace the
parts in the reverse order of disassembly as shown in the table below.
Step Action
1 Depress the barrel stop and slide the barrel assembly onto the
receiver and close.
2 Install the handguards and secure them with the slip ring.
Purpose Perform a function check to be sure that your M203 grenade launcher works.
The areas you must inspect to perform a function check are the
Safety and To check the safety and trigger follow the steps listed in the table below:
Trigger
Step Action Result
1 Cock the launcher and squeeze the You should hear the firing
trigger. pin release.
Barrel Stop Move the barrel forward and backward. Check that the stop and latch
and Barrel function properly, locking the barrel open and closed.
Latch
Procedure To load the M203 grenade launcher, follow the steps in the table below.
Step Action
1 Move the safety to the safe position.
Three Methods The three methods of firing the M203 grenade launcher are the
Rifle Sight To engage targets under 50 meters, lower the leaf sight and use
Method the rifle sights, aiming at the foot of the target, as shown below.
Leaf Sight To engage targets between 50 and 250 meters, use the leaf sight and front
Method sight post of the M16A2 rifle as shown below.
Adjust Leaf To adjust leaf sight, follow the steps in the table below.
Sight
Step Action
1 To change the range of point of impact, loosen the elevation
adjustment screw and adjust the leaf sight as follows:
Leaf Sight The components of the sight leaf are illustrated in the picture below.
Components
Leaf Sight Align the target with the 200-meter range increment of the sight leaf and the
Picture front sight post.
Alignment
Quadrant Sight The gunner uses the quadrant sight to engage targets from 50 to 400 meters.
Method
Adjusting the To adjust the quadrant sight, follow the steps in the table below.
Quadrant Sight
Step Action
1 To adjust elevation, pull the latch on the quadrant sight arm
toward you and release it at the selected elevation.
Note: The vertical line marks the center. One notch equals
1.5 meters at 200 meters.
Quadrant Sight The diagram below shows the quadrant sight and its major components.
Quadrant Sight Align front sight post of quadrant sight and M16A2 front sight post, centered
Alignment within rear aperture on the quadrant sight arm.
Estimated 5 minutes
Study Time
Directions Complete items 1 through 5 by performing the action required. Check your
answers against those listed at the end of this lesson.
Item 1 What are the steps the gunner must perform to assemble the M203 grenade
launcher?
Item 2 The areas to inspect while performing a function check on the M203 grenade
launcher are the barrel stop, barrel latch, trigger, and the
a. breech assembly.
b. receiver tracks.
c. quadrant sight assembly.
d. safety.
Item 3 What is the first step to load the M203 grenade launcher?
Item 4 The gunner uses leaf sight method of fire to engage to engage targets at what
ranges in meters?
a. 50-150
b. 50-400
c. 50-300
d. 50-250
Item 5 To adjust the elevation adjustment screw on M203 leaf sight, the gunner uses
a
a. screwdriver.
b. multipurpose tool.
c. used 40 mm cartridge.
d. cleaning rod handle.
Item 6 When engaging targets with the quadrant sight, what must you do to adjust
the elevation or range to target?
a. Pull the latch on quadrant sight arm toward you and release at the selected
elevation.
b. Move the rear sight aperture right or left.
c. Move the front sight post away from or toward the barrel.
d. Move the rear sight aperture away from or toward the barrel.
Answers The table below provides the answers to the exercise items. If you have any
questions, refer to the reference page listed for each item.
Estimated 25 minutes
Study Time
Lesson Scope The objective of this lesson is to teach you how to identify stoppages and
their causes, perform immediate action, and identify the offensive and
defensive capabilities of the M203 grenade launcher.
· Identify the steps for immediate action on the M203 grenade launcher.
Common The table below lists common M203 grenade launcher stoppages and their
Stoppages and causes.
Their Causes
STOPPAGE CHECK FOR HOW TO FIX IT
Failure to fire Too much water or oil in Point weapon up 30
back of breech insert seconds and hand
function.
Dirt or residue in firing Clean
pin hole
Dirt in locator slot Clean
Faulty ammunition Replace.
Failure to extract Casing stuck in barrel Remove with rifle
cleaning rod.
Failure to chamber Faulty ammunition or Replace ammunition or
dirty chamber clean bore and chamber.
Failure to lock Dirty follower or receiver See unit armorer.
cavity
Procedure Because of the possibility of a misfire or hangfire, use caution while you
perform immediate action procedures. To apply immediate action, complete
the steps in the following table.
Step Action
1 Shout “Misfire,” keeping the weapon pointed down range. Be sure
all Marines are clear of the muzzle.
Note: If the primer has not been dented, then the firing
mechanism is at fault. After the cause of the failure to fire
has been corrected, reload the ammunition and continue
firing.
5 If the primer has been dented, keep the round separate from other
ammunition and follow the unit SOP for disposal.
Trajectory In employing the M203 grenade launcher to its maximum capability, you
must understand the trajectory of rounds, effects of the ammunition, and the
methods of firing.
At ranges up to 150 meters, the M203 grenade launcher has a relatively flat
trajectory. Therefore, you can fire the M203 grenade launcher from your
shoulder in the normal manner.
However, as the range increases, the height of the trajectory and the time of
flight of the projectile increase.
Effects of M203 The effective casualty radius is the radius of a circle around the point of
Grenade detonation.
Launcher Fire
Since the high explosive grenade has an effective casualty radius of 5 meters,
you can expect 50 percent of exposed troops to become casualties.
Offensive The grenadier can use the M203 grenade launcher offensively to
Employment
· Destroy groups of enemy personnel
· Provide close fire support in an assault together with other supporting
fires
The fire team leader/grenadier selects targets and delivers the M203 grenade
launcher fires during the attack. The grenadier may fire high explosive (HE)
ammunition only at targets far enough away so that the exploding HE will not
endanger the assaulting squad.
In the last 35 meters of an assault (when M203 grenade launcher fires may
endanger friendly assaulting troops), the grenadier should employ the
multiprojectile antipersonnel ammunition.
During an assault, the grenadier can employ the M16A2 rifle until suitable
targets appear or until there is time to reload the M203 grenade launcher.
Defensive Defensively, your firing position should enable you to deliver M203 grenades
Employment over the entire team sector. Primary and supplementary positions that you
prepare in the defense must provide maximum cover and concealment
consistent with the assigned mission.
Use of Grenade As the enemy gets nearer to friendly positions, use your grenade launcher to
Launcher fire on enemy
· Automatic weapons
· Troops in defilade
This will silence an enemy base of fire and cause enemy troops to leave
covered positions. Then automatic rifle fire can engage them.
Estimated 10 minutes
Study Time
Directions Complete items 1 through 6 by performing the actions required. Check your
answers against those listed at the end of this lesson.
a. 15 seconds.
b. 30 seconds.
c. 1 minute.
d. 3 minutes.
Item 3 To employ the M203 grenade launcher, you must understand the trajectory of
rounds, effects of the ammunition, and
Item 4 The trajectory of the M203 is relatively flat at ranges up to ______ meters.
a. 100
b. 150
c. 200
d. 250
Item 5 Offensively, in the last 35 meters of an assault, use ______ ammunition in the
M203 grenade launcher.
a. HE explosive
b. multiprojectile antipersonnel
c. TP
d. BAW
Item 6 Defensively, be sure fields of fire are cleared of obstructions because they
Answers The table below provides the answers to the exercise items. If you have any
questions, refer to the reference page listed for each item.
Unit Scope This study unit will teach you the characteristics, operation, maintenance,
immediate action, care and cleaning techniques, and firing procedures for the
M249 squad automatic weapon (SAW).
Estimated 25 minutes
Study Time
Lesson Scope This lesson teaches you the basic characteristics of the M249 squad automatic
weapon (SAW) and the ammunition it uses.
· Identify the eight steps in the cycle of operation for the M249 SAW.
· Identify the standard types of ammunition for the M249 SAW based on
color and use.
Role The M249 squad automatic weapon (SAW) is the fire team’s primary
automatic weapon. The SAW supports the squad in the offense and the
defense by providing a heavy volume of suppressive fire.
M249 Squad Below is a picture of the M249 SAW, the only automatic weapon at the squad
Automatic level to support primary fire team.
Weapon (SAW)
Weight The following table lists the approximate weights (in pounds) of the M249
SAW and box of 5.56 ammo.
Range The following table lists the range (in meters) for the M249 SAW.
Rate of Fire The following table lists the rate of fire (in rounds per minute) for the M249
SAW.
Sights The following table lists the types of sights for the M249 SAW.
Sight Type
Front Semi-fixed hooded post
Note: The M249 SAW fires from the open bolt position. The bolt is a
multiple-lug type that rotates into a positive locked position in the
barrel extension before firing.
Eight Steps The cycle of operation for the M249 SAW consists of eight steps shown in
the table below.
Step Action
1 Feeding: Feeding takes place as the operator places a belt of
ammunition on the feed tray or inserts a loaded magazine in the
magazine well. A cartridge is placed in the path of the bolt so
that as the bolt is driven forward from the force of the expanding
driving spring, the face of the bolt makes contact with the rim of
the first cartridge and strips it from the links or magazine.
2 Chambering: Occurs as the bolt continues to move forward and
forces the cartridge into the barrel chamber.
3 Locking: The locking lugs and bolt face make contact with the
rear of the chamber, the forward movement of the bolt stops, and
the slide assembly pushes the rotating lug of the bolt to the right.
This rotation of the bolt causes the locking lugs to disalign with
the locking recesses.
4 Firing: The firing pin then strikes the primer of the cartridge.
5 Unlocking: Expanding gases from the ignited propellant are
vented off through the gas port in the gas regulator. The
pressure of the expanding gases is directed rearward through the
gas cylinder and forces the piston assembly, slide assembly, and
bolt to the rear.
6 Extracting: The bolt moves rearward and the cartridge case is
pulled from the chamber.
7 Ejecting: The ejector strikes the upper left of the base of the
cartridge, just as the bolt face clears the rear of the ejection port,
causing the cartridge case to pivot over the extraction claw and
to be thrown clear of the receiver.
8 Cocking: As the bolt continues its movement to the rear, the
piston assembly compresses the driving spring. Cocking is
completed when the spring is fully compressed.
Four Types The M249 SAW fires various types of 5.56mm ammunition. The
recommended combat mix of SAW ammunition is four M855 ball
ammunition rounds to one M856 tracer round.
Unlike the standard 5.56mm ammunition you use with the M16A2 service
rifle, some of these rounds are color coded. The table below shows the four
standard types of M249 SAW ammunition and the color and purpose of each
type.
Estimated 15 minutes
Study Time
Directions Complete items 1 through 12 by performing the action required. Check your
answers against those listed at the end of this lesson.
Item 2 What is the maximum effective range in meters of the M249 SAW against an
area target?
a. 600
b. 800
c. 1,000
d. 1,100
Items 3 Matching: In the space provided, place the letter of the step in the cycle of
Through 7 operation for the M249 SAW from column 2 in the correct sequence in
column 1. The answers in column 2 may be used only once.
Column 1 Column 2
___ 3. a. Chambering/Locking
___ 4. b. Ejecting/Cocking
___ 5. c. Feeding
___ 6. d. Firing
___ 7. e. Unlocking/Extracting
Items 9 Matching: In the space provided, place the letter of the type of M249
Through 12 ammunition from column 2 that best matches the color or use in column 1.
The answers in column 2 may be used more than once.
Column 1 Column 2
Answers The table below provides the answers to the exercise items. If you have any
questions, refer to the reference page listed for each item.
Estimated 30 minutes
Study Time
Lesson Scope The objective of this lesson is to teach you how to clear, disassemble, and
clean the M249 squad automatic weapon (SAW).
Steps Before you begin to disassemble any weapon, you must first check to ensure
there is no ammunition present. The below table lists the steps to clear the
M249 SAW.
Step Action
1 Pull the cocking handle to the rear with the right hand and lock
the bolt to the rear. Push the cocking handle forward until it
clicks.
2 Push the safety from left to right. Red should not be visible on
the safety.
OR
4 Raise the feed tray. Inspect the chamber and receiver to ensure
that all ammunition and links have been removed.
5 Close the cover assembly and lock it.
6 Push the safety from right to left (red now visible).
7 Move cocking handle to the rear, squeeze the trigger, and ride
the bolt home.
Major Parts After you clear the M249 SAW, you are ready to disassemble it. The M249
SAW can be disassembled into its major components, shown on the figure
below. Each component is described in the table on the next page.
Major Parts, The table below lists the M249 SAW components and their uses. The
continued references are to the picture on the previous page.
Picture
Component Function
Reference
A Barrel Housing the cartridge for firing and
supporting the front sights
B Rear sight Adjusting impact of the round for both
windage and elevation
C Cover, feed Feeding the link belt ammunition into
mechanism, and feed the weapon and holding cartridges in
tray pawl position for striking, feeding, and
chambering
D Cocking handle Pulling the moving parts to the rear
E Buttstock, shoulder, Serving as a shoulder support for
and folding shoulder aiming and firing the weapon
rest
F Piston Transferring power from propelling
gases to the bolt slide assembly to
operate the weapon
G Bolt Feeding, stripping, chambering, firing,
and extracting using propellant gases
H Slide Housing the firing pin and roller
assembly
I Operating rod Absorbing recoil from the bolt and
operating rod assembly at the end of
recoil movement
J Receiver Supporting all major components and
controlling the functioning of the
weapon
K Trigger mechanism Controlling the firing of the weapon
L Handguard Providing thermal insulation to protect
the operator's hands from heat and
housing the cleaning equipment
M Bipod Supporting the weapon in a prone and
sitting position
N Gas cylinder Locking the bipod in place on the
receiver and providing a passageway for
operating gases
Procedures Now that you are familiar with the components of the M249 SAW, you can
start to disassemble the weapon into its main groups:
Note: Before disassembly begins, ensure the bipod legs are locked open.
Operating Rod The following table lists the steps to remove the operating rod assembly of
Assembly the M249 SAW.
Removing the Be sure you have read the warning on the previous page. Look at the first
Operating Rod step listed in the table below.
Assembly
Step Action
1 Pull the upper retaining pin at the rear of the receiver to the left and
allow the buffer and buttstock assembly to pivot downward.
Slide Assembly The table below lists the steps to remove the slide assembly and bolt.
and Bolt
Step Action
1 Pull the cocking handle to the rear. Slide the moving parts out and set
them aside.
2 Separate the bolt from the slide assembly by rotating the bolt
counterclockwise to disengage the lug. Pull the bolt forward off the
slide assembly.
Note: When you remove the bolt, the firing pin spring is free. Be
sure you don’t lose it.
Slide Assembly
and Bolt,
continued
Step Action
3 Separate the slide assembly from the piston using the spring guide
to press the retaining pin at the rear of the piston to the left. Lift
the slide assembly upward.
Heat Shield Hold the weapon firmly, grasp the heat shield just forward of the barrel
handle, and lift the heat shield off the barrel.
Barrel The table below lists the steps to remove the barrel assembly of the M249
Assembly SAW.
Step Action
1 Close the cover.
2 Depress the locking lever of the barrel using your left hand.
3 Hold the carrying handle with your right hand, lift the barrel up,
and push the barrel forward as shown in the picture below.
Gas Regulator The table below lists the steps to remove the gas regulator of the M249 SAW.
Step Action
1 Rotate the gas collar pin out of the notch by placing the tip of the
scraper with the concave side inside the notch.
Removing the The table below lists the steps to remove the handguard from the M249 SAW.
Handguard
Step Action
1 Push the retaining pin on the handguard from right to the left using
the cleaning rod section and pull the handguard down and away to
separate it from the receiver.
Gas Cylinder To remove the bipod and gas cylinder, turn the gas cylinder to the left or right
until you hear a click. Pull the gas cylinder forward and separate it from the
bipod.
Removing the Press the lower retaining pin to the left and separate the buffer and buttstock
Buttstock and assembly from the receiver.
Shoulder
Assembly
Removing the With the lower retaining pin still to the left, pull downward and to the rear on
Trigger the handgrip to remove the rigger mechanism assembly from the receiver.
Mechanism
· Cleaning
· Inspecting
· Lubricating
When to Clean You need to conduct care and cleaning on a regular basis.
· After firing
· At least daily under combat/field conditions
· Weekly when the gun is in storage
Cleaning and The only authorized cleaner and lubricating materials on the M249 SAW is
Lubricating CLP. No other cleaners or abrasives are authorized.
Materials
Cleaning Kit The M249 SAW is designed to hold a cleaning kit in the handguard. The
kit includes the following tools:
· Scraper Tool
· Cleaning Rod Handle
· Rod Section (2)
· Chamber Brush
· Bore Brush
· Swab Holder
Cleaning M249 The M249 SAW's barrels are cleaned in the same way as the M12A2 service
SAW’s Barrels rifle. The table below list the procedures to clean, inspect, and lubricate.
Step Action
1 Clean the bore and chamber using CPL and fresh swabs.
2 Wipe all metal components and surfaces that have been
exposed to powder fouling.
3 Inspect by looking for cracks, dents, burrs, or other damage.
4 Lubricate by applying a light coat of lubricant to all parts.
Generously lubricate the moving parts to reduce friction
during operation.
Cleaning M249 Clean the receiver and cover assembly using a general purpose bush and
SAW’s Receiver M60E3 machine gun receiver brush. The table below list the procedures to
Group clean, inspect, and lubricate.
Step Action
1 Wipe all metal components and surfaces.
2 Look for cracks, dents, burrs, or other damage.
3 The windage and elevation knobs on the rear sight should be
movable and legible. Ensure scale screws are not worn or
burred.
4 Check springs and moving parts for weak or binding action.
5 Lubricate by applying a moderate coat of CLP on the slide
rails and moving parts.
6 Place a light coat of CLP on rear sight and exercise the
windage and elevation knobs.
Cleaning the The gas system includes the regulator, cylinder, gas block, and piston. The
M249 SAW’s Gas table below lists the procedures to clean and inspect the gas system. Wipe
System the parts dry; do not use any type of oil to lubricate the system.
Step Action
1 Remove all carbon from the gas regulator by using the scraper tool
as shown below. Remove carbon from the following locations:
Cleaning the
M249 SAW’s
Gas System,
continued
Step Action
2 Clean the front interior of the gas cylinder by inserting and turning
the flat side of the scraper in a circular motion as shown in the
picture below.
3 Use the scraper tool as shown below to clean the grooves and front
hole cleans the piston.
Inspection and To inspect and lubricate the M249 SAW, do the following:
Lubrication
Step Action
1 Look for cracks, dents, burrs, or other damage.
2 Wipe dry with clean cloth. Do not apply oil to gas system.
Extreme In extreme environments, you must take extra precautions to be sure your
Environments M249 SAW operates trouble-free. The following table shows the
precautions you must take for each environmental condition.
Environment Precautions
Damp or salty air · Inspect the weapon frequently for rust.
· Keep the weapon as moisture-free as possible.
· Field-strip, clean, and lubricate the weapon
more often.
· Use a generous coat of lubricant.
Hot, dry, and sandy · Clean and lubricate more often.
· Wipe the weapon dry. Do not use extra
lubricant because the grit and dust will stick to
the parts.
· Cover the weapon when not in use.
Cold, snowy, and icy · Cover the weapon when outside.
· Keep the weapon away from direct heat when
inside.
· If the metal sweats, dry and lubricate the parts.
Lubricate enough so that it can be spread with
finger.
Estimated 15 minutes
Study Time
Directions Complete items 1 through 13 by performing the action. Check your answers
against those listed at the end of this lesson.
Item 1 To clear the M249 SAW, charge the weapon by pulling the cocking handle to
the rear, pushing the charging handle forward until it clicks, and
Items 2 Matching: In the space provided, place the letter of the function in column 2
Through 5 that best matches the component of the M249 SAW in column 1. The
answers in column 2 may be used only once.
Column 1 Column 2
Item 6 Disassembling the M249 SAW consists of removing _____ main groups.
a. 7
b. 8
c. 11
d. 14
Items 7 Matching: In the space provided, place the letter of the steps to dissemble the
Through 10 M249 SAW in column 2 in the correct sequence in column 1. The answers in
column 2 may be used only once.
Column 1 Column 2
Item 11 Which cleaner/lubricant is the only authorized lubricating for the M249
SAW?
a. CLP
b. RBC
c. LSA
a. LAW
Item 12 The procedures for proper care of the M249 SAW are
Item 13 Which precautionary measures must you take for the M249 SAW in a damp
or salty environment?
a. Inspect frequently for rust; field-strip, clean and lubricate more often; and
use generous coat of lubricant.
b. Clean and lubricate more often; wipe weapon dry; and cover weapon
when not in use.
c. Cover weapon when outside; dry and lubricate parts before taking outside;
and wipe the weapon dry.
d. Cover weapon and generously lubricate before taking outside.
Answers The table below provides the answers to the exercise items. If you have any
questions, refer to the reference page listed for each item.
Estimated 25 minutes
Study Time
Lesson Scope This lesson teaches you how to assemble, perform a function check, and
mount the M249 squad automatic weapon (SAW).
· Identify the steps to perform a function check on the M249 squad SAW.
Introduction After you have cleaned your M249 SAW, you are ready to assemble your
weapon. To assemble the M249 SAW, replace the parts in the reverse order
of disassembly.
Bipod and Gas The table below lists the steps to assemble the bipod and gas cylinder on the
Cylinder M249 SAW.
Step Action
1 Place the bipod on the receiver as shown in the picture below.
2 Push the gas cylinder through the bipod yoke into the receiver.
3 Push the cylinder to the rear and guide the end of the cylinder into
the receiver with your other hand as shown in the picture below.
4 Turn the cylinder until the spring clicks into the recess at the rear
of the gas cylinder.
Handguard The table below lists the steps to assemble the handguard on the M249 SAW.
Step Action
1 Replace all cleaning equipment, if removed, in stowage areas.
2 Place the handguard on the receiver and slide it backwards until it
stops as shown in the picture below.
3 Push the handguard retaining pin to the right using the guide rod.
4 Pull the handguard downward to check to see if it is properly
secured as shown in the picture below.
Gas Regulator The table below lists the steps to attach the gas regulator to the M249 SAW.
Step Action
1 Hold the barrel in one hand with the muzzle up.
2 Insert the gas regulator into the lower end of the gas block hole.
3 Align the notch in the regulator body with the notch in the gas
block.
4 Support the installed regulator body on a firm surface.
5 Place the gas collar regulator on the protruding end of the body
and align the spring with the stud.
6 Firmly push downward and rotate the collar clockwise into the
normal position as shown in the picture below.
Barrel The table below lists the steps to attach the barrel assembly to the M249
Assembly SAW.
Step Action
1 Depress the locking lever with your left hand as shown in the
picture below.
Trigger The table below lists the steps to attach the trigger mechanism to the M249
Mechanism SAW.
Step Action
1 Push the trigger mechanism upward to the receiver as shown in the
picture below.
Buttstock and The table below lists the steps to attach the buttstock and shoulder assembly
Shoulder to the M249 SAW.
Assembly
Step Action
1 Align the lower hole in the buttstock and shoulder assembly with
the rear hole in the trigger mechanism.
2 Push the lower pin to the right as shown in the picture below.
Bolt and Slide The table below lists the steps to attach the bolt and slide assembly to the
Assembly M249 SAW.
Step Action
1 Place the bolt carrier (slide) on the piston as shown in the picture
below.
2 Push the retaining pin from the left to the right to secure it.
Note: Step 6 ensures that the sear does not prevent the moving
parts from going forward.
Operating Rod The table below lists the steps to attach the operating rod assembly to the
Assembly M249 SAW.
Step Action
1 Hold the pistol grip with one hand and push the operating
assembly into its housing in the rear with your other hand.
2 Press in and down on the rear of the operating rod assembly until
its two lugs are positioned in the receiver grooves as shown in the
picture below.
3 Pivot the butt upward into position as shown in the picture below.
4 Push the retaining pin to the right and close the cover assembly.
Purpose To ensure proper reassembly, the operator must perform a function check of
the weapon.
Procedure The table below lists the steps to perform a function check on the M249
SAW.
Step Action
1 Grasp the cocking handle with the right hand, palm up, and pull
the bolt to the rear, locking it in place.
2 Push the cocking handle forward and lock it in place.
3 Place the safety switch to SAFE and depress the trigger. Nothing
should happen.
4 Grasp the cocking handle and pull and hold it to the rear.
5 Place the safety switch to FIRE and depress the trigger.
6 Ease the bolt forward to prevent it from slamming into the
chamber.
Procedures You can fire the M249 SAW in the prone position using the bipod group.
The table below lists the steps to engage the bipod to support the machine
gunner while firing.
Step Action
1 Lower the bipod legs by holding the legs together and pulling
them down and away from the handguard.
2 Release the legs so that they lock in the vertical position.
3 Extend the bipod legs by grasping the foot of each leg and pulling
down.
Estimated 5 minutes
Study Time
Directions Complete items 1through 3 by performing the action required and choose the
best answer. Check your answers against those listed at the end of this lesson.
Item 1 Attaching the _______________ is the last procedure in the sequence for
assembling the M249 SAW.
Item 2 Which of the following is the first step in conducting a function check on the
M249 SAW?
Item 3 What is the first step to engage the M249 SAW’s bipod?
Answers The table below provides the answers to the exercise items. If you have any
questions, refer to the reference page listed for each item.
Estimated 25 minutes
Study Time
Lesson Scope This lesson covers the techniques for sighting, firing, and performing
immediate action on the M249 squad automatic weapon (SAW).
· Identify the steps to perform immediate action for the M249 SAW.
Sight Assembly The M249 SAW has two sights that are used to aim the machinegun.
· The front sight on the M249 SAW is located on the barrel assembly. It is
a semifixed, hooded post-type sight.
· The rear sight is a peep-type sight that is fully adjustable for windage and
elevation correction, as shown below.
Parts and The table below lists the parts and function of the rear sight assembly.
Function
Part Function
Windage Knob To make adjustments for the effects of wind, traverse the
rear sight across the sliding scale.
Loading the To engage targets with the M249 SAW, you must first load ammunition into
200-Round the weapon.
Ammunition
Box The table below lists the procedure to load the 200-round ammunition box
into the M249 SAW.
Step Action
1 Charge the weapon.
2 Open the cover assembly by squeezing the cover latches.
3 Raise the feed tray and look into the chamber to be sure that there
is no round chambered.
4 Lower the feed tray.
5 Align the box latch with the receiver dovetail and attach the 200-
round ammunition box to the underside of the receiver.
6 Place the link belt in the feed tray; making certain the open side of
the links is down with the first round against the cartridge stop as
shown in the picture below.
Emergency During emergency situations, a 30-round magazine may be loaded into the
Situations M249 SAW.
Loading the 30- The table below lists the steps to load the 30-round magazine into the M249
Round SAW.
Magazine
Step Action
1 Insert the magazine into the magazine well on the left side of the
receiver as shown in the picture below.
2 Push the magazine firmly to the right until it bottoms in the well
and the magazine release tab “clicks” into the recess in the
magazine.
Using the Bipod If the automatic rifleman aims his weapon correctly and properly applies a
in the Prone steady hold he can become a formidable weapon on the battlefield. The table
Position below lists the steps to fire the M249 SAW with the bipod in the prone
position.
Step Action
1 Assume a prone position to the rear of the weapon with the
shoulder rest on your firing shoulder.
5 Place your cheek against the forefinger of your nonfiring hand and
apply a firm, steady pressure rearward and down.
Aiming the To aim the M249 SAW, the automatic rifleman must align the sights, focus
M249 SAW his eye, and obtain a correct sight picture for rounds to hit target. The
fundamentals to be successful on the battlefield are listed below.
Sight Align the hooded front sight post horizontally and vertically in the center of
Alignment the rear sight aperture (peep sight).
Sight Picture While applying sight alignment, place the front sight post on the center base
of the target.
Field Zeroing To successfully engage targets, the automatic rifleman must zero the M249
SAW. The table below lists the steps to field zero the M249 SAW.
Step Action
1 Center the rear sight by
Note: To check your sight, start with the sight all the way to the
right. Rotate the windage knob backwards until it stops
the left side. Count the clicks and divide this number by
two.
2 Rotate the elevation knob to the desired range.
Malfunctions A malfunction occurs when the M249 SAW does not operate within the
normal cycle of operation.
Common Types The table below lists the most common type of stoppages, their causes, and
the corrective action for each.
Immediate Immediate action is the action you take to clear a stoppage without
Action investigating the cause. The table below lists the steps to apply immediate
action for the M249 SAW.
Step Action
1 Keep the weapon pointed down range and wait 5 seconds.
2 Charge the M249 SAW; observing for an ejected round. If the
round is:
· Ejected, attempt to fire.
· Not ejected and the barrel is
· Hot (200 rounds fired within two minutes). Wait 15
minutes and clear the weapon.
· Cold. Clear the weapon and troubleshoot the cause of the
malfunction.
Estimated 5 minutes
Study Time
Directions Complete items 1 through 3 by performing the action required. Check your
answers against those listed at the end of this lesson.
Item 2 When placing the link belt in the feed tray of the M249 SAW, how should
you position the rounds?
Item 3 During the second step in immediate action to the M249 SAW, the gunner
observes for
a. cause of stoppage.
b. ejecting of links.
c. ejecting of a round.
d. nothing.
Answers The table below provides the answers to the exercise items. If you have any
questions, refer to the reference page listed for each item.
Unit Scope This study unit teaches you the characteristics, operation, maintenance,
immediate action, care and cleaning techniques, and firing procedures for the
M240G machinegun (M240G).
Estimated 30 minutes
Study Time
Lesson Scope This lesson is to teach you the basic characteristics of the M240G
machinegun (M240G), the M122 tripod, and the authorized ammunition.
Role The M240G supports the infantryman in both the offense and the defense by
providing a heavy volume of accurate, long-range fire beyond the capability
of individual small arms.
Major This diagram and table identify the major components of the M240G.
Components of
the M240G
Weight The following table lists the weight (in pounds) of the M240G.
Dimensions The following table lists the dimensions (in inches) of the M240G.
Manipulation The following table lists the traverse limits for the M240G (with M122 tripod
Limits of M122 with traversing and elevation (T&E) mechanism).
Tripod
Item Limits
Elevation 247 mils (18 degrees)
Depression 200 mils (11 degrees)
Traverse (traversing bar) 875 mils (49 degrees)
Rates of Fire The following table lists the rates of fire for the M240G.
Range The following table lists the range limits (in meters) for the M240G.
· Gas-operated. The gas produced from firing one round provides the
energy to mechanically prepare the weapon to fire the next.
· Air-cooled. The barrel and receiver are exposed to permit cooling by the
air.
Eight Steps The cycle of operation for the M240G consists of eight sequential steps listed
in the table below.
Step Action
Firing After the bolt reaches its locked position, the operating rod
moves forward, independent of the bolt. It carries the striker
of the fixed firing pin through the aperture in the face of the
bolt, striking and detonating the primer of the cartridge.
Unlocking After the cartridge ignites and the projectile passes the gas
port, part of the gases enter the gas cylinder. The rapidly
expanding gases enter the hollow end cap of the gas piston
and force the operating assembly to the rear, providing the
power for the last four steps in the cycle of functioning. The
operating rod now moves rearward, independent of the bolt,
for a short distance. At this point, the locking lever begins to
swing toward the rear, carrying the bolt with it into its
unlocked position, and clears the barrel socket.
Extracting The extractor grips the rim of the cartridge as the bolt and
operating rod pull the case from the chamber.
Ejecting As the case is withdrawn from the chamber, the ejector exerts
a push from the top, and the extractor exerts a pull from the
bottom. The casing falls from the gun as soon as it reaches
the cartridge ejection port. At approximately the same time,
the empty link is forced out of the link ejection port between
the cartridge stops on the feed tray by the next round moving
into the feed tray groove.
Eight Steps,
continued
Step Action
Cocking This is the process of placing the parts of the gun in
position to fire the next round. During the rearward
independent movement of the operating rod, the firing pin
striker is withdrawn from the face of the bolt. When the
bolt has moved far enough to the rear to pick up the next
round for chambering, cocking is completed.
Feeding When the bolt is to the rear, the outer feed pawls are outside
the first round of ammunition. The inner feed pawls are
between the first and second rounds. As the bolt moves
forward to fire the round in the feed tray groove, the belt
feed pawl moves to the left. It moves up and over the
second round in the belt of ammunition and is now in
position to drag the second round into the feed tray groove.
As the bolt moves to the rear after firing, the belt feed pawl
moves to the right, dragging the second round into the feed
tray groove. Inside the cover the cam roller, the feed arm
with control spring, the feed arm fork, and the pivot arm are
present only so the feed pawls can move back and forth,
dragging rounds into position to be chambered.
Chambering This is the process of stripping a round from the belt and
seating it in the chamber. As the bolt travels forward, the
upper locking lug of the bolt contacts the base of the
cartridge. The bolt strips the round from the belt link. The
chambering ramp angles downward and forces the round
toward the chamber along with the spring tension of the
cartridge guide pawl. The cartridge guide pawl also holds
back the belt link. When the round is fully seated in the
chamber, the extractor snaps over the extractor rim of the
cartridge, and the ejector is depressed.
Locking During chambering, the bolt enters the barrel socket as the
operating rod is driven forward by the drive spring and the
locking lever, which the bolt is riding on, swings forward
pushing the bolt forward and locking it to the barrel socket.
Although the term locking is used here, it should be noted
that in the M240G the bolt and barrel do not physically
interlock. This is why the barrel can be removed even
when the bolt is forward.
Bipod The bipod mount is part of the receiver group. The bipod yoke fits around the
receiver. The forward grip assembly holds the bipod yoke in position.
To lower the bipod legs, push in on the leg support lock and rotate the legs
down and forward as shown in the diagram below.
M122 Tripod The M122 tripod mount consists of the tripod assembly as shown in the
diagram below. The M122 provides a stable firing base for the M240G.
Traversing Bar The diagram below shows how the traversing bar connects the two rear legs
and supports the traversing and elevation (T&E) mechanism. The traversing
bar has a mil scale engraved on it to help the gunner adjust the gun. Engraved
on the bar is a scale that measures direction in mils. It is graduated in 5-mil
increments and is numbered every 100 mils.
Traversing and The T&E mechanism shown in the diagram below provides controlled
Elevating manipulation and ability to engage predetermined targets.
(T&E)
Mechanism
Flex Mount The flex mount joins the gun and T&E to the tripod to enhances the stability
Assembly and dampens the recoil of the weapon as shown in the diagram below.
Mounting the The preferred method is to mount the flex mount assembly first to the tripod
M240G and then mount the machine gun. The table below lists the steps to mount the
M240G.
Step Action
1 Lock the M122 tripod’s legs open.
2 Center the T&E before mounting. Do the following. On the
Mounting the
M240G,
continued
Step Action
3 Mount the flex mount assembly on the tripod.
Mounting the
M240G,
continued
Step Action
5 Attach the gun to the flex mount by
Estimated 10 minutes
Study Time
Directions Complete items 1 through 6 by performing the action required. Check your
answers against those listed at the end of this lesson.
Item 2 Which of the following is the maximum effective range in meters of the
M240G?
a. 11,000
b. 3,725
c. 1,800
d. 600
Item 4 Correctly complete the steps of the cycle of operation of the M240G:
Feeding, chambering, locking, firing,
Item 5 Ammunition with black painted tips is used for what type of targets?
a. Anti personnel
b. Lightly armored targets
c. Signaling
d. Lightly material targets
Answers The table below provides the answers to the exercise items. If you have any
questions, refer to the reference page listed for each item.
Estimated 20 minutes
Study Time
Lesson Scope The purpose of this lesson is to teach you how to clear and fieldstrip the
M240G.
Procedure Before you begin disassembling the M240G, you must clear the weapon to be
sure it is safe. The following table lists the steps to clear the M240G.
Step Action
1 Point the weapon down range or in a safe direction.
2 Attempt to move the safety to the F position as shown in the
picture below.
3 Pull the cocking handle to the rear until the bolt locks as shown in
the picture below.
Procedure,
continued
Step Action
4 Return the cocking handle forward and move the safety to the S
position as shown in the pictures below.
Procedure,
continued
Step Action
6 Raise the feed tray and visually inspect the chamber as shown in
the picture below.
Note: Ease the bolt forward to prevent damage to the bolt and
barrel.
8 Close cover assembly.
Field Stripping After you have cleared the weapon, you can begin to field strip the
machinegun into its five major groups as follows:
· Barrel
· Trigger housing group
· Buttstock
· Receiver group
· Operating group
Removing the The following table lists the steps for removing the barrel.
Barrel
Step Action
1 Depress and hold the barrel locking latch as shown in the picture
below.
Removing the The following table lists the steps to remove the trigger housing group.
Trigger
Housing Group
Step Action
1 Depress the spring pin as shown in the picture below.
3 Pull the trigger housing group back and down as shown in the
picture below.
Removing the The following table lists the steps to remove the buttstock.
Buttstock
Step Action
1 Completely depress the buttstock release latch as shown in the
picture below.
2 Lift the buttstock while holding the receiver with your free hand as
shown in the picture below.
Removing The following table lists the steps to remove the drive spring.
Receiver Group
Step Action
1 Push the drive spring up and back as shown in the picture below.
2 Lift the operating rod out of the receiver as shown in the picture
below.
Removing
Receiver Group,
continued
Step Action
3 Depress the cover latches and raise the cover assembly as shown in
the picture below.
4 Pull the cocking handle to the rear as shown in the picture below.
5 Slide the bolt and operating assembly to the rear and remove them as
shown in picture below.
Removing
Receiver Group,
continued
Step Action
6 Close the cover and push the spring pin out with the back of the
buffer and remove it as shown in the picture below.
7 Depress the cover latch and remove the cover assembly and the feed
tray assembly as shown in the picture below.
Gas System Rotate clockwise and remove the collar and the gas regulator assembly from
the gas plug. Slide the gas plug to the rear as shown in the picture below.
Estimated 10 minutes
Study Time
Directions Complete items 1 through 6 by performing the action required. Check your
answers against those listed at the end of this lesson.
Items 2 Matching: In the space provided, place the letter of the step for field stripping
Through 6 from column 2 in the correct sequence in column 1. The answers in column 2
may be used only once.
Column 1 Column 2
Answers The table below provides the answers to the exercise items. If you have any
questions, refer to the reference page listed for each item.
Estimated 25 minutes
Study Time
Lesson Scope The purpose of this lesson is to teach you the basics in cleaning, maintaining,
assembling, and inspecting the M240G machinegun (M240G).
Purpose Proper care and cleaning prevents damage to the weapon and ensures its proper
functioning during firing.
Cleaning The table below lists the types of cleaning and lubricating materials that you
Materials will need to clean the M240G.
Type Function
Cleaner-lubricant- Preferred lubricant to lubricate operating parts
preservative (CLP) before, during, and after firing.
Before Firing The following table lists the maintenance steps to take before firing the
M240G.
Step Action
1 Inspect the weapon for proper cleanliness, mechanical condition
and missing or broken parts.
Remove excess oil from the bore, chamber, barrel socket, and the
2
face of the bolt.
3 Check headspace of the barrel by counting the number of clicks
when rotating the barrel lock.
Note: A minimum of two clicks, but not more then seven, should
be heard.
4 Place a light coat of CLP on the
· Receiver. Pull the bolt to the rear and place a line of CLP on
either side of the bolt. Pull the bolt back and forth to spread
the CLP over the bolt and receiver rails.
During Firing During firing, maintain a light coat of CLP on the operating rod, bolt, and
receiver. While firing, be sure the connections of the gas system remain tight.
Change barrels when necessary.
Reasons to Change barrels periodically during firing. Use one barrel while the other is
Change Barrels cooling. Changing barrels
Note: The barrel can be changed with the bolt forward or to the rear.
After Firing The following table lists the maintenance steps to take after firing the
M240G.
Step Action
1 Clean the weapon with CLP, RBC, or dry cleaning solvent.
Clean the weapon for three consecutive days after firing to remove
2
all carbon deposits.
After the cleaning each day, wipe off all cleaning materials and
3
place a light coat of CLP on all metal parts.
Clean nonmetallic portions of the gun with hot water, rags and
4
nonabrasive brush.
General If the weapon is fired daily, repeated detailed disassembly will cause
Maintenance unnecessary wear. You can perform adequate cleaning on a weapon that has
Notes been disassembled into the five main groups.
Clean the M122 tripod and T & E mechanism on the same three consecutive
days cleaning cycle as the machinegun.
Normal Inspect the weapon daily for rust. Maintain a light coat of CLP on all metal
Maintenance parts except
Extreme In extreme environments, you must take extra precautions for the trouble-free
Environments operation of your M240G. The following table shows the precautions you
must take in these conditions.
Environment Precautions
Cold climates · Keep the weapon free of excess lubricants,
cleaners, and moisture. All of these can freeze
and cause the weapon to operate sluggishly.
Sequence The sequence for assembling the M240G is the reverse order of fieldstripping.
Assembling the The following table lists the steps to assemble and insert the operating group.
Operating
Group
Step Action
1 Insert the bolt and operating group into the receiver, aligning the
slots with the rails inside the receiver as shown in the figure
below.
2 Extend the bolt forward and then push the entire bolt and operating
rod assembly inside the receiver.
Assembling the
Operating
Group,
continued
Step Action
3 Insert the drive spring rod into the receiver.
4 Press in and down until the spring rod is seated against the
retaining studs inside the receiver as shown in the figure below.
Replacing the The following table lists the steps to replace the buttstock.
Buttstock
Step Action
1 Depress the buttstock release latch.
2 Align the recessed grooves at the front of the buttstock with the
vertical rails at the rear of the receiver and slide down until it locks
in place as shown in the figure below.
Replacing the The following table lists the steps to replace the trigger housing group.
Trigger
Housing Group
Step Action
1 Insert the holding notch on the front of the trigger housing into the
recess on the bottom of the receiver.
Replace the The following table lists the steps to replace the barrel.
Barrel
Step Action
1 Insert the gas plug into the gas regulator.
2 Place and rotate the collar over the forward end of the plug and
lock in place.
Note: There must be a minimum of two clicks, but mot more then
seven.
Replace Feed The following table lists the steps to replace the feed tray and cover assembly.
Tray and Cover
Step Action
2 Place the cover over mounting bracket on receiver and push down into
closed position as shown in the picture below.
Sequence The following table lists the suggested sequence for inspecting the M240G.
Step Action
1 Inspect the cover:
· Pull the feed cam back and forth to be sure that the belt feed
pawl moves properly.
· Carefully check parts and components for serviceability and
proper function.
2 Inspect the safety and proper assembly by performing a function
check as described in the table below.
Step Action
1 Put the safety on F.
2 Pull and ensure the bolt locks to the rear.
3 Return the safety to S and attempt to fire.
4 Put the safety on F and pull the trigger riding bolt
home.
Note: If the bolt did not remain to the rear, the sear shoulder or
sear notch is worn.
3 Inspect the forward portion of the receiver rails and the face of the
bolt.
4 Inspect the barrel socket, chamber, and bore for cracks.
5 Inspect the bipod assembly by lowering and raising the legs.
6 Inspect the sights.
Sequence,
continued
Step Action
7 Inspect the mount. Be sure the
Components The spare barrel case should contain each of the following as shown in the
figure below.
Estimated 10 minutes
Study Time
Item 1 Which is an authorized cleaner for the M240G after live fire exercise?
Item 2 The barrel of the M240G should be changed if you fire the sustained rate of
fire for
Items 3 Matching: In the space provided, place the letter of the step for assembling
Through 7 from column 2 in the correct sequence in column 1. The answers in column 2
may be used only once.
Column 1 Column 2
Answers The table below provides the answers to the exercise items. If you have any
questions, refer to the reference page listed for each item.
Estimated 25 minutes
Study Time
Lesson Scope This lesson teaches you about the employment of the M240G machinegun
(M240G). It will cover the basics of sighting, firing, malfunctions, stoppages,
and immediate action for the M240G.
Front Sight The front sight on the barrel is adjustable for elevation and windage and can
be individually zeroed to the machine gun with the combination front sight
adjusting tool.
Rear Sight The rear sight consists of a peep sight aperture on an adjustable leaf slide.
The rear sight can be used horizontally or vertically depending on range.
Note: The range plate is marked at 100 meter intervals from 200 meters to
1,800 meters.
Sight The sights are aligned when the front and the rear sights are in a line, one in
Alignment front of the other. To correctly align the sights of the M240G, center the top
of the front sight blade in the aperture of the rear sight as shown in the figure
below.
Sight Picture While maintaining proper sight alignment, align the top edge of the front
sight with the center base of the target to get proper sight picture. This
correct sight picture is commonly referred to as center mass.
With a Raised You can load the M240G with the cover raised or closed. The following table
Cover lists the steps to load the M240G with a raised cover.
Step Action
1 Be sure the bolt is forward and the safety is on F.
2 Open the ammunition box by tearing off the tab marked with the
silhouette of a round.
3 Attach the bandoleer to the bandoleer hanger by slipping the loop
on the end of the bandoleer over the hanger.
4 Locate the end of the ammunition belt and pull out the first few
rounds.
Note: Be sure the rounds are coming out of the box with the tips
pointed towards the muzzle and the solid part of the links
facing up.
5 Place the first round in the feed tray groove. Be sure the retainer
pawls have engaged the belt firmly between two rounds.
6 Close the cover and be sure it firmly latches without having to beat
on it or force it closed. The gun is now fully loaded.
With a Closed The following table lists the steps to load the M240G with a closed cover.
Cover
Step Action
1 Be sure the bolt is forward and the safety is on F.
2 Open the ammunition box by tearing off the tab marked with the
silhouette of a round.
3 Attach the bandoleer to the bandoleer hanger by slipping the loop
on the end of the bandoleer over the hanger.
4 Locate the end of the ammunition belt and pull out the first few
rounds.
Note: Be sure the rounds are coming out of the box with the tips
pointed towards the muzzle and the solid part of the facing
up.
5 Force the first round into the feedway until you hear a distinct
click.
6 Pull the cocking handle to the rear and return the handle forward.
The gun is now fully loaded.
Procedure The following table lists the steps to clear the M240G.
Step Action
1 Pull the bolt to the rear and place the safety on S.
2 Press the cover latches and raise the cover.
3 Clear the feed tray of ammunition and links.
4 Lift the feed tray and visually inspect the chamber to be sure the
gun is clear.
Procedure You can zero the M240G by the 12.7-meter or the field method. The
preferred method is field zeroing. The 12.7-meter method is used to prepare
crews for qualification fire. The following table lists the steps to field zero
the M240G.
Step Action
1 Select a clearly definable target at a known range between 300 to
700 meters. Set the rear sight slide to the correct range setting.
2 With the T&E mechanism centered, lay the gun on the target and
obtain a good sight picture.
3 Fire a three-round burst and freeze.
4 Calculate the mean center of impact.
If… Then…
The center of impact is on target Battlesight zero (BZO) is
complete.
The center of impact is not on Adjust the front sight post.
target
At 200 meters…
Moving the front sight up or Moves the point of impact up
down half a turn or down approximately 4 1/4
inches
Moving the front sight left or Moves the point of impact left
right half a turn or right approximately 3 1/8
inches
Note: To find out how to use the 12.7-meter zeroing method, refer to MCWP
3-15.1, Machineguns and Machinegun Gunnery, pages 3-60 to 3-62.
Mounted on a Changing the barrel takes only a few seconds and the weapon does not have
Tripod to be cleared to perform the actions listed in the table below.
Note: Refer to study unit 4, lesson 3 to review when to change the barrel.
Step Action
1 Stop firing.
2 Place the weapon on safe (S).
Malfunctions A malfunction is any failure of the gun to function satisfactorily. The two
most common malfunctions of the M240G are
· Sluggish operation
· Runaway gun
· The loss of gas in the gas system. The loss of gas is caused by loose
connections in the gas system or a missing gas port plug.
Runaway Gun Runaway gun is a malfunction that occurs when the gun continues to fire after
you release the trigger. A runaway gun is usually caused by a worn, broken,
or burred sear.
Stoppages A stoppage is any interruption in the cycle of functioning caused by the faulty
action of the gun or defective ammunition. Some common examples are
· Failure to feed
· Failure to fire
Immediate To maintain a continuous rate of fire, you must quickly and efficiently clear
Action any stoppages that occur. The table below lists the steps to perform
immediate action.
Step Action
1 Wait 5 Seconds for a possible hangfire.
2 Within the next five seconds, pull the bolt to the rear and see if
ejecting takes place.
If… Then…
Brass is ejected Attempt to fire.
Brass is not ejected Place the weapon on safe (S) and
continue with step 3.
Note: If you cannot pull the bolt to the rear, assume that a live
round is in the chamber. Place the safety on S. Wait
until the barrel reaches air temperature (Cold barrel).
Raise the cover, unload, and clear the gun.
3 If the barrel is cold (fired less than 150 rounds during the last 2
minutes) clear the machinegun, reload and attempt to fire.
4 If barrel is hot (fired 150 rounds or more during the last 2 minutes)
wait 15 minutes and clear the machinegun.
Definition When immediate action fails to reduce the stoppage, conduct an investigation
into the cause of the problem.
Common Two common causes of a stoppage that requires remedial action are
Causes of
Stoppages · Stuck cartridge
· Ruptured cartridge
Stuck A stuck cartridge can result from the swelling of a cartridge that keeps the
Cartridge extractor from extracting the round from the chamber. The table below lists
the steps to clear a stuck cartridge:
Step Action
1 Lock bolt to the rear.
2 Place the weapon on safe (S).
3 Allow the barrel to cool for 15 minutes.
4 Connect a cleaning rod and insert it into the muzzle end.
Ruptured The extractor sometimes tears the base of the cartridge off as the bolt moves
Cartridge Case to the rear, leaving the cartridge wedged inside the chamber. The table below
list the steps to clear this stoppage.
Step Action
1 Remove the barrel from the receiver.
2 Insert the extractor into the chamber where it can grip the cartridge.
Estimated 10 minutes
Study Time
Item 2 While loading the M240G with the cover raised, where do you place the first
round?
a. In the chamber
b. In the feed tray groove
c. Directly over the belt-holding pawl
d. Just to the left of the belt-feeding pawl
Item 3 To clear the M240G, you must pull the bolt to the rear, place the weapon on
safe, raise the cover, clear the feed tray, and
Item 4 What is the proper setting for the T&E mechanism when field zeroing?
Item 5 The T&E mechanism needs to be ________ when changing M20G barrels.
a. locked
b. centered
c. level
d. open
Item 7 You are a machinegun team leader. While firing on the range, your gun has a
stoppage. What is the first thing that your gunner should do?
Answers The table below provides the answers to the exercise items. If you have any
questions, refer to the reference page listed for each item.
Unit Scope This study unit is designed to give you the characteristics, operation,
maintenance, immediate action, care and cleaning techniques, and firing
procedures for the M2HB .50-caliber machinegun.
Estimated 25 minutes
Study Time
Lesson Scope This lesson discusses the basic characteristics of the M2HB .50-caliber
machinegun and the ammunition it uses.
· Identify the different types of mounts and accessories for the M2HB .50-
caliber machinegun.
· Identify the steps in the cycle of operation for the M2HB .50-caliber
machinegun.
Role The M2HB .50-caliber machinegun supports the infantryman in both the
offense and the defense by providing a heavy volume of accurate, long-range
fire.
· Provide
M2HB .50- The operator must understand the characteristics of the .50-caliber
caliber machinegun to have success on the battlefield The picture below shows the
Machinegun Browning M2HB .50-caliber machinegun on an M3 tripod mount.
Major The M2HB .50-caliber machinegun can be broken down into eight major
Components components pictured below.
Weight The following table lists the weight of the major parts of the M2HB .50-
caliber machinegun.
Length The following table lists the length of the M2HB .50-caliber machinegun.
Range The following table lists the range of the M2HB .50-caliber machinegun.
Rates of Fire The following table lists the rates of fire of the M2HB .50-caliber
machinegun.
Muzzle Velocity The muzzle velocity of the M2HB .50-caliber machinegun is 3,050 feet per
second.
Purpose You must mount the M2HB .50-caliber machinegun to fire. Along with the
mount, you need to install a traversing and elevating mechanism to permit a
high degree of accuracy and control.
M3 Tripod The M3 tripod mount is the principal ground mount for the M2HB .50-
Mount caliber machinegun shown in the picture below.
The tripod has three folding, telescopic legs that can be stomped into the
ground for greater stability. The gun is connected to the tripod by a pintle
that is semi-permanently attached to the gun. The pintle seats into the tripod
head and is locked in place.
A traversing bar between the two trail legs serves as a support for the
traversing and elevating (T&E) mechanism. The T&E mechanism attaches
to the rear of the gun and is locked onto the traversing bar.
Pintle Vehicle The M2HB .50-caliber machinegun can be mounted on two different mounts:
Mount
· High mobility multipurpose wheeled vehicle (HMMWV) weapons station
· M66 ring mount
Each of these mounts has a pintle adapter that accepts the pintle shown below.
HMMWV The HMMWV weapons station has a ring mount that, used with the MK64
Weapons cradle mount, will accept the M2HB .50-caliber machinegun, as pictured
Station below.
M66 Ring The M66 ring mount is installed on trucks and other combat vehicles. A
Mount truck mounted version is shown below.
T&E Used on both ground and vehicle mounts, the T&E mechanism for the M2HB
Mechanism .50-caliber machinegun
· Allows the machinegun to traverse 400 mils to the left or right of the 0
index on the traversing bar on the M3 tripod mount.
Note: For more information on the T&E mechanism, see study unit 7.
AN/TVS-5 Night The AN/TVS-5 night vision sight, used for passive night observation and
Vision Sight fire, can be mounted on the M2HB .50-caliber machinegun. Portable and
battery operated, the AN/TVS-5 night vision sight amplifies natural light
such as moonlight, starlight, and skyglow without emitting visible or
infrared light that the enemy can detect.
Eight Steps The cycle of operation of the M2HB .50-caliber machinegun consists of the
following eight steps:
Step Action
1 Firing. The firing pin is released, igniting the primer of the
cartridge.
Eight Steps,
continued
Step Action
4 Ejecting. The empty cartridge case is expelled from the receiver.
5 Cocking. The firing pin is withdrawn into the cocked position.
6 Feeding. During feeding, the cartridge is placed in the receiver.
Estimated 10 minutes
Study Time
Directions Complete items 1 through 11 by performing the actions required. Check your
answers against those listed at the end of this lesson.
Item 2 What are the three descriptive characteristics of the M2HB .50-caliber
machinegun?
Items 3 Matching: In the spaces provided, place the letter of the function from
Through 5 column 2 that corresponds to the M2HB .50-caliber machinegun mount in
column 1. The answers in column 2 may be only used once.
Column 1 Column 2
Mount Function
Items 6 Matching: In the space provided, place the letter of the color of the tip from
Through 10 column 2 that best describes the type of M2HB .50-caliber ammunition in
column 1. The answers in column 2 may be used only once.
Column 1 Column 2
Item 11 What step in the cycle of operation places the cartridge into the chamber of
the weapon?
a. Locking
b. Feeding
c. Chambering
d. Ejecting
Answers The table below provides the answers to the exercise items. If you have any
questions, refer to the reference page listed for each item.
Estimated 25 minutes
Study Time
Lesson Scope This lesson discusses how to clear, disassemble, clean, and inspect the M2HB
.50-caliber machinegun.
· Identify the cleaners and lubricants by function for the M2HB .50-caliber
machinegun.
Procedures Before you begin disassembly of the M2HB .50-caliber machinegun, you
must clear it to make sure it is completely safe. The steps to clear the weapon
are listed in the table below.
Step Action
1 Place the gun in the single shot mode by rotating the buffer tube
sleeve to the right and releasing the bolt latch to the up position as
shown in the picture below.
2 Raise the feed cover by rotating the cover latch forward and
lifting straight up as shown in the picture below.
Note: Never close the cover with the bolt to the rear.
Procedures After you clear the M2HB .50-caliber machinegun, you may begin
disassembly into the six main groups for cleaning and inspection.
Disassembly consists of the following sequential steps:
Components The picture below shows the components of the M2HB .50-caliber
machinegun.
Barrel Group Disassembling the barrel group consists of the steps listed in the table below.
Step Action
1 Turn the cover latch and raise the cover group as shown below.
2 Pull the retracting handle back until the lug on the barrel locking
spring aligns with the 3/8-inch hole on the right side of the
receiver.
3 Turn the barrel clockwise until it disengages.
4 Set the barrel aside, being careful not to damage the threaded end.
Backplate To remove the backplate, follow the steps listed in the table below.
Step Action
1 Pull out on the backplate latch lock and up on the backplate latch
as shown in the picture below. Note the placement of the hands in
the picture.
Drive Spring The drive spring on the M2HB .50-caliber machinegun is located on the right
Rod Assembly side of the receiver as shown in the picture below.
The table below lists the steps to remove the drive spring.
Removing the
Drive Spring
Step Action
1 Push in on the head of the drive spring and then slightly to the left to
unseat it from the right side plate.
Bolt Group Remove the bolt group from the receiver by following the steps listed in the
table below.
Step Action
1 Grasp the retracting slide handle and give it a quick jerk, freeing
the bolt from the barrel extension.
2 Align the collar of the bolt stud with the clearance hole in the bolt
slot on the right sideplate and remove the bolt stud as shown
below.
3 Slide the bolt to the rear and out of receiver as shown below.
4 Place the bolt down on its right side (with the extractor arm up) so
that the extractor will not fall from the bolt.
Barrel The following table lists the steps to remove the barrel buffer body group and
Extension and the barrel extension group from the M2HB .50-caliber machinegun.
Buffer Body
Group
Step Action
1 Insert a combination tool (or pointed instrument) through the
hole in the lower rear corner of the right sideplate.
2 Push in on the barrel buffer body lock. At the same time, place
one hand on the receiver and push the barrel extension and barrel
buffer body groups to the rear as shown in the picture below.
Barrel Buffer The last step to disassembly is to pull the barrel buffer assembly from the rear
Assembly of the barrel buffer body group as shown below:
Maintenance Care, cleaning, and maintenance determine whether or not your machinegun
Schedule will function properly when you need it. You should maintain your M2HB
.50-caliber machinegun on a regular basis. As a general rule, you should
clean your gun
· After firing
· At least daily when under combat/field conditions
· Several times per day when under extreme climatic conditions
· For three consecutive days upon returning from the field
· Every five days when the gun is in storage
Cleaners and The following table lists several types and functions of cleaners and lubricants
Lubricants that you may use to clean the M2HB .50-caliber machinegun.
Type Function
Cleaner-lubricant- Cleans, lubricates, and preserves.
preservative (CLP)
Note: This is the preferred material for cleaning the
.50-caliber machinegun.
Rifle bore cleaner Cleans powder residue, carbon, and dirt.
(RBC)
Note: You must lubricate the gun after using RBC.
PL special Lubricates and preserves.
(lubricating oil,
general purpose) Note: The thin oil may be used as a temporary measure
to lubricate entire weapon if you do not have
CLP.
Lubricant, semi- Used on friction-producing parts and on the exterior of
fluid, automatic the weapon.
weapons (LSA)
Note: This thicker oil lasts longer than CLP and will
not burn off by firing or wash away with rain.
Lubricant, arctic Used for extremely cold weather (below 0o Fahrenheit).
weather (LAW)
Hot, soapy water Used on the barrel when RBC or CLP are not available.
Procedure After you disassemble the gun into its major components, you can begin to
clean the different parts.
The following table lists the steps to properly clean the M2HB .50-caliber
machinegun.
Step Action
1 Inspect all parts for cracks, burrs, wear, or rust.
2 Clean the bore and chamber with RBC and lightly oil with PL
special. Or, use CLP to clean and lubricate.
3 Clean all metal parts thoroughly and apply a light coat of CLP.
Notes: Do not apply CLP to the metal parts that may contact the
ammunition.
Step Action
1 Inspect the bore and chamber for rust. Be sure they are clean and
lightly lubricated.
2 Operate the retracting slide handle and the bolt latch release
several times to see if the parts function without excessive
friction. Be sure that moving parts are lightly lubricated.
3 Check headspace and timing with gauges.
4 Be sure the rear sight is in good condition, clean, and lightly
lubricated. Set the elevation to 1000 and windage to zero.
5 Inspect the mount to be sure it is clean, lightly lubricated, and all
clamps are securely tightened.
6 Inspect spare parts and tools to be sure they are clean.
Estimated 10 minutes
Study Time
Directions Complete items 1 though 6 by performing the actions required. Check your
answers against those listed at the end of this lesson.
Item 1 What is the last step you must accomplish to clear the M2HB .50-caliber
machinegun?
a. Close the feed cover and pull the bolt to the rear.
b. Close the feed cover assembly.
c. Place the machinegun in the single shot mode.
d. Pull the retracting slide handle to the rear.
Item 2 After removing the barrel from the receiver of the M2HB 50-caliber
machinegun, the next procedure for disassembling is to remove the
a. backplate.
b. T-block.
c. bolt.
d. drive spring.
Item 3 While deployed in a desert environment with constant high winds and sand
storms, the maintenance schedule that must be followed to keep the units
M2HB .50-caliber machinegun in proper working order is to clean it
a. after firing.
b. several times per day.
c. at least daily.
d. for three consecutive days.
Item 4 What is the preferred cleaner/lubricant for use on your M2HB .50-caliber
machinegun?
a. RBC
b. CLP
c. PL special
d. Hot soapy water
Item 5 Four of the five steps to clean the M2HB .50-caliber machinegun are listed
below:
1. Disassemble the machinegun into its main groups. Inspect all parts for
cracks, burrs, wear, or rust.
2. Clean the bore and chamber with RBC, then lightly oil with PL special; or
use CLP.
3. Clean all metal parts thoroughly and apply a light coat of CLP.
4. Reassemble the weapon, and ensure that the exterior is lightly oiled.
Item 6 What is the first step in inspecting the M2HB .50-caliber machinegun?
Answers The table below provides the answers to the exercise items. If you have any
questions, refer to the reference page listed for each item.
Estimated 25 minutes
Study Time
Lesson Scope This lesson discusses how to assemble and perform a function check on the
M2HB .50-caliber machinegun.
Procedure To assemble the .50-caliber machinegun, replace the groups in the reverse
order of disassembly. Assembly is accomplished by completing the
procedures below.
Connecting the The following table lists the steps to connect the barrel buffer assembly and
Barrel Buffer the barrel buffer body.
Group
Step Action
1 Turn the barrel buffer tube until the screwdriver slot in the rear of
the tube is vertical and the arrow points to right, as shown below:
Install the The following table lists the steps to join the barrel buffer and the barrel
Barrel Buffer extension groups.
and Extension
Groups
Step Action
1 Hold the barrel buffer group in your right hand with your index
finger supporting the accelerator.
2 Join the notch on the shank of the barrel extension group with the
cross-groove in the piston rod of the barrel buffer assembly. At
the same time, align the breech lock depressors with the
guideways in the sides of the barrel extension, as shown below.
Note: The barrel buffer tube should protrude about 1 1/8 inches
from the rear of the barrel buffer body group.
Install Bolt The following table lists the steps to install the bolt stud and lock the barrel
Stud buffer, barrel extension group, and the bolt into receiver.
Step Action
1 Look at the bolt to be sure the extractor assembly is down and the
cocking lever is inclined to the front.
2 Align the rails on the bolt with the grooves on the barrel extension
and slide bolt about halfway onto the barrel extension.
3 Insert the barrel buffer, barrel extension, and bolt into the back of
the receiver as shown below.
Replace the The following table lists the steps to replace the drive spring.
Drive Spring
Step Action
1 Insert the spring into its hole in the rear of the bolt and push it all
the way in.
2 Press in and to the right until the retaining pin slips into the hole
on the right sideplate.
Replace the The following table lists the steps to replace the backplate.
Backplate
Step Action
1 Pull the backplate latch lock out and slide the backplate onto the
back of the receiver.
2 Continue to hold the backplate latch lock out and lightly tap the
backplate down with your hand until it is all the way down as
shown in the picture below.
Replace the The following table lists the steps to replace the barrel.
Barrel
Step Action
1 Pull back the retracting slide handle until the lug on the barrel
locking spring is visible through the 3/8-inch hole in the right
sideplate.
2 Place the smallest loop of a .50-caliber link between the trunnion
block and the barrel extension.
Summary Assembling the components of the M2HB 50 caliber machinegun is just the
first step of operator maintenance. The next step is to ensure that the weapon
is properly assembled.
Schedule A function check of the M2HB .50-caliber machinegun ensures that the
weapon is correctly assembled and should also be preformed before firing to
ensure the weapon is in working order.
Important: You must set headspace and adjusting timing before conducting
a function check.
Headspace Headspace is the distance between the face of the bolt and the chamber when
Definition a round is fully seated in the chamber.
Headspace To set headspace on the M2HB 50 caliber machinegun the operator needs the
Gauge gauges shown below.
Step Action
1 Ensure the gun cleared and the bolt is forward.
2 Pull back on the retracting slide handle until the locking spring lug
aligns with the 3/8-inch hole on the right sideplate as shown in the
picture below. Back barrel off two clicks from tight.
3 Grasp the retracting slide handle and pull the bolt to the rear, thus
cocking the weapon.
4 Pull the bolt back 1/16-inch and raise the extractor arm up.
5 Insert the GO end of the headspace gauge between the face of the
bolt and the chamber as shown below.
Setting
Headspace,
continued
Step Action
6 If the GO end
· Fits, go to step 7.
· Does not fit, go to step 8.
7 Turn the gauge over and try to insert the NO GO end. If the NO
GO end
Timing Timing is achieved by adjusting the machinegun so that the moving parts do
the right thing at the right time during the cycle of operation. Firing actually
takes place just before the bolt is all the way forward. The machinegun must
be adjusted to be sure this happens. Timing must be checked and adjusted
each time headspace is set or when timing is questionable
Timing Gauges The picture below shows the placement of the timing gauges between the bolt
and barrel assembly. In this case, the fire gauge has been inserted.
Preparing the The operator must ensure the following items from the table below are
Machinegun completed before adjusting timing.
Step Action
1 Cock the machinegun
2 Ride the bolt slowly home
3 Raise the feed cover
4 Raise the extractor
Adjusting After ensuring the weapon is prepared, perform the following steps from the
Timing table below to adjust timing.
Step Action
1 Pull the retracting handle back until you have a ¼-inch space
between the barrel extension and the trunnion block.
2 Insert the NO-Fire gauge between the barrel extension and the
trunnion block with the beveled edge of the gauge resting on the
barrel notches, as shown below:
Adjusting
Timing,
continued
Step Action
9 Turn the adjustment nut to the right one click.
10 With firm upward pressure, push up on the trigger lever as shown
in the picture below.
Function Check The operator must ensure the weapon is assembled properly. The table below
lists the procedure to follow.
Step Action
1 Place the weapon in single-shot mode.
2 Open the cover and lock the bolt to the rear.
3 Return the retracting slide handles to full forward position and
press the bolt latch release.
4 Press down on the trigger. The weapon should fire.
5 Place the weapon in the automatic-fire mode.
6 Pull the retractor slide handle to the rear and release.
7 Make sure the firing pin does not protrude.
8 Press down on the trigger. The weapon should fire.
9 Make sure the firing pin does protrude.
Estimated 5 minutes
Study Time
Directions Complete items 1 through 2 by performing the actions required. Check your
answers against those listed at the end of this lesson.
Item 1 What is the next step in assembling the M2HB .50-caliber machinegun after
installing the barrel buffer and extension group?
Item 2 You are setting headspace and have just inserted the GO end of the headspace
gauge. The GO end did not fit. What is your next step?
Answers The table below provides the answers to the exercise items. If you have any
questions, refer to the reference page listed for each item.
Estimated 25 minutes
Study Time
Lesson Scope The objective of this lesson is to discuss how to sight, fire, identify a
malfunction or stoppage, and apply immediate action to the M2HB .50-
caliber machinegun.
· Identify the two firing modes for the M2HB .50-caliber machinegun.
Rear Sight The M2HB .50-caliber machinegun has a leaf-type rear sight as shown in the
picture below:
The rear sight is graduated in both yards and mils from 100 to 2,600 yards
and from 0 to 62 mils and has two positions.
Front Sight The front sight is a semifixed blade-type with cover as shown in the picture
below.
Sight Alignment Using the rear sight aperture and the front sight blade in combination is
called sight alignment. Correct sight alignment for the .50-caliber
machinegun occurs when the front sight blade is centered and halfway up in
the rear sight aperture as shown in the picture below.
Sight Picture A proper sight picture occurs when the top edge of the front sight at the
center base of the target while maintaining sight alignment as shown in the
picture below.
Adjusting Sights You can adjust the rear sight for both elevation and windage as shown in the
picture below.
Elevation To change elevation, turn the elevation knob (on the top of the sight) so that
the index line moves to the required elevation scale line. The odd-numbered
elevation scale is on the left and the even-numbered scale is on the right.
Windage To change windage, turn the windage knob (at the bottom on the left side of
the sight) forward or back. The windage knob permits a change of five mils
left or right of center.
Two Modes Firing the M2HB .50-caliber machinegun is not complicated. You must load
the gun differently for both modes which include the
Automatic The table lists the steps to load the M2HB .50-caliber machinegun for the
Firing Mode automatic firing mode.
Step Action
1 Clear the machinegun.
2 Close the bolt by pressing the bolt latch release. Use the
retracting slide handle to slowly ride the bolt home.
3 Close the feed cover.
4 Lock down the bolt latch release by pressing down on the bolt
latch release and rotating it to the left until it is locked in the
down position. This sets the gun for automatic fire.
5 Insert the belt of ammunition into the feedway until you hear the
click of the belt-holding pawl engaging the belt of ammunition.
6 Cock the gun by vigorously pulling back the retracting slide
handle and then releasing it. Allowing the drive spring to carry
the handle and bolt group forward. This is called half-loading. If
the trigger is pushed, the gun will not fire.
7 Be sure to re-cock the gun as you did in step 6 so that the gun is
fully loaded. Now, when you push the trigger, the machinegun
will fire in the automatic mode.
Single Shot The following table lists the steps to load the .50-caliber machinegun so that it
Mode fires one round at a time.
Step Action
1 Clear the machinegun.
2 Close the bolt by pressing the bolt latch release. Use the
retracting slide handle to slowly ride the bolt home.
3 Close the feed cover.
4 With the bolt latch release in the up position, be sure the bolt latch
release lock is to the right. The gun is now set for single shot
firing.
5 Insert the belt of ammunition into the feedway until you hear a
click.
6 Cock the gun by vigorously pulling back the retracting slide
handle. The bolt will lock to the rear.
7 Push the bolt latch release allowing the drive spring to carry the
bolt group forward. The gun is now half-loaded.
8 Repeat steps 6 and 7 to fully load the gun. When the trigger is
pushed, the gun will fire one round and then the bolt will lock to
the rear.
9 To fire another round, you must first push down on the bolt
release, allowing the bolt to go home under the power of the drive
spring.
Firing Positions When the .50-caliber machinegun is mounted on the M3 tripod, you can use
the
· Prone position
· Two types of sitting positions
· Legs folded
· Legs extended
In any of these three positions, your grip will be the same. With your right
hand on the spade grip and your thumb in position to press the trigger, use a
light grip with a slight downward pressure. Your left hand should be palm
down on the elevating hand wheel and applying a slight downward pressure.
When you fire, use long bursts (8 to 10 rounds) and watch for the impact to
make adjustments.
Field Zeroing Field zeroing is adjusting the sights so that the rounds will hit where the
sights are pointing. The following table lists the steps to field zero the .50-
caliber machinegun.
Step Action
1 Determine the range to the target.
2 Adjust the rear sight for elevation according to the range you just
determined in step 1.
3 Center the windage scale by turning the windage knob until the
centerlines are aligned. Be sure the bolt is forward now with a
round in the chamber.
4 Obtain proper sight alignment and sight picture on the target
using the traversing and elevating handwheels.
5 Fire one round and observe the strike. If the round
Note: Move the rear sight elevation and windage knobs, not
the traversing and elevating handwheels!
7 Press the bolt latch release to send the bolt forward, chambering
another round.
8 Obtain sight alignment and sight picture on the original target
using the traversing and elevating handwheels.
9 Fire one round and observe where the round hits. If the round
· Does not hit where you were aiming, repeat steps 6 through 9
until a round hits the target.
Malfunctions Malfunctions and stoppages can occur at any time when you fire the .50-
caliber machinegun. You and your crew must know what the problem is and
how to correct it. A malfunction is any failure of the gun to function
satisfactorily. Normally the two types of malfunctions are
Stoppages A stoppage is any interruption in the cycle of operation caused by the faulty
action of the gun or ammunition. The following table lists the common
stoppages, their causes, and steps to correct them.
Using the The following table lists the steps to use the ruptured cartridge case extractor
Ruptured shown in the picture below.
Cartridge Case
Extractor
Step Action
1 Raise the cover and pull the bolt to the rear.
2 Place the ruptured case extractor in the T-slot of the bolt, as you
would a cartridge. The ejector of the extractor assembly will hold
the extractor in line with the bore.
3 With the ruptured cartridge extractor aligned, let the bolt go
forward. This forces the extractor through the ruptured case, and
the shoulders will spring out in front of the case.
4 Pull the bolt to rear and remove the ruptured case and the extractor.
Procedure Immediate action is the procedure you use when a stoppage of fire occurs and
you cannot stop to analyze its cause. The gunner usually performs immediate
action; however, every crewmember must know how to apply it. The
following table lists the steps to take immediate action.
Step Action
1 Wait 5 seconds. A hang-fire may be causing the misfire. If the
gun is very hot, it may “cook off” the round.
2 Cock the gun and observe for feeding and ejecting.
3 Re-lay on target.
4 Try to fire.
Estimated 10 minutes
Study Time
Directions Complete items 1 through 10 by performing the action required. Check your
answers against those listed at the end of this lesson.
Item 1 When the sight alignment for the M2HB .50-caliber machinegun is correct,
the front sight blade
Item 2 You are loading your M2HB .50-caliber machinegun to fire in the automatic
firing mode. You have cleared the gun, closed the bolt, and closed the feed
cover. Which step will you perform next?
Item 3 Which one of the following is a firing position for the M2HB .50-caliber
machinegun?
Item 4 You have been on the range firing your .50-caliber machinegun and you
notice that it is not functioning freely and is operating sluggishly.
What corrective action should you take?
Items 5 Matching: In the space provided, place the letter of the identification of the
Through 9 failure in column 2 that best describes the failure item in column 1. The
answers in column 2 may be used more than once.
Column 1 Column 2
Item 10 What is the first thing the gunner must do while performing immediate
action?
a. Clear the gun and inspect to determine the cause of the stoppage.
b. Attempt to fire again.
c. Re-lay on target.
d. Wait 5 seconds to see if the round will “cook off.”
Answers The following table provides the answers to the items on the previous page.
If you have any questions concerning this summary check, refer back to the
reference page listed for each item.
Unit Scope This study unit will discusses the characteristics, operation, maintenance,
immediate action, care and cleaning techniques, and firing procedures for the
MK19 machinegun (MK19).
Estimated 20 minutes
Study Time
Lesson Scope This lesson discusses the basic characteristics of the MK19 machinegun
(MK19) and the ammunition it uses.
· Identify the standard types of ammunition for the MK19 based on use.
Role The MK19 provides a high volume of fire that is effective against lightly
armored vehicles, structures, and personnel.
Range The following table lists the range (in meters) for the MK19.
Rates of Fire The following table lists the rate of fire (in rounds per minute) for the MK19.
Muzzle Velocity The muzzle velocity of the MK19 is 790 feet per second.
Operation The cycle of operation for the MK19 consists of steps shown in the table
below:
Step Action
1 Feeding: When the bolt moves forward it forces the pawls of the
feed slide assembly to position a new round in the feeder. As the
bolt moves to the rear it forces the round from the feeder into the
extractors and in position to chamber.
2 Chambering: The bolt moves forward on the rail and seats the
round in the chamber.
3 Locking: Locking takes place when the bolt reaches the forward-
most position by the recoil springs and held in place by spring
tension and the weight of the bolt.
4 Firing: As locking occurs, the cocking lever is moved to the rear
and allows the firing pin mechanism to release into the primer of
the round.
5 Unlocking: As the round fires the pressure from the gas
overcomes the tension of the spring, and moves the bolt to the
rear.
6 Extracting: The rearward movement of the bolt along the rails
pulls the casing out of the chamber.
7 Ejecting: The vertical cam forces a new round into position and
ejects the spent casing out through the ejection port.
8 Cocking: Simultaneously with ejection, the cocking lever is
moved forward, cocking the firing pin.
Types The MK19 fires 40mm ammunition. Each type is designed for a specific
situation or mission. The table below shows the name, type, and
characteristics of each round.
Characteristics The pictures below show the internal components of the round.
Important The 40mm ammunition used with the MK19 cannot be used in the M203
grenade launcher.
Estimated 5 minutes
Study Time
Item 1 You are part of a perimeter defense with your MK19. Which of the following
is a capability that can be accomplished using the MK19?
Item 3 Which of the following 40mm ammunition is the practice round used with the
MK19?
a. M383
b. M384
c. M385
d. M430
Answers The table below provides the answers to the exercise items. If you have any
questions, refer to the reference page listed for each item.
Estimated 20 minutes
Study Time
Lesson Scope The objective of this lesson discusses how to clear, disassemble, and clean the
MK19 machinegun (MK19).
Procedure Before you begin to disassemble any weapon, you must first clear it. The
following table lists the steps for clearing the MK19.
Step Action
1 Point the gun in a safe direction.
2 Place the fire/safe switch on the S position as shown in picture
below.
Procedure,
continued
Step Action
4 If ammunition is loaded in the gun, reach beneath the feeder and
press the primary and secondary positioning pawls as shown in the
picture below. At the same time, slide the linked rounds out of the
feeder and feed tray.
Procedure,
continued
Step Action
7 Inspect the chamber and bolt face again to ensure that no live
rounds are in the weapon.
8 Place the safety switch on Fire (F).
9 Press the trigger and ease the bolt forward. Return the charger
handles to their original position.
Components After you clear the MK19, you are ready to disassemble it. The MK19
machinegun can be disassembled into the major components as shown in the
illustration below.
Procedure After you have cleared your MK19, you are ready to disassemble the
machinegun by removing the following:
Removing the The secondary drive lever can be removed by following the steps in the table
Secondary below.
Drive Lever
Step Action
1 Raise the cover and push down on the pivot post from the outside
of the cover assembly as shown in the picture below.
2 Separate the secondary drive lever from the top cover assembly.
3 Remove the secondary drive lever from slide assembly.
Removing the The top cover assembly can be removed by following the steps in the table
Top Cover below.
Assembly
Step Action
1 Hold the top cover straight up with one hand and pull the top cover
pins from both sides as shown below.
2 Pull the top cover pins from both sides of the cover assembly as
shown above.
3 Lift the top cover assembly straight up and off.
Removing the The feed slide assembly and feed tray can be removed by following the steps
Feed Slide in the table below.
Assembly and
Feed Tray
Step Action
1 Align the tabs on the feed slide assembly with the slots in the feed
tray and lift them straight up as shown below.
Removing the The bolt and backplate assembly can be removed by following the steps in the
Bolt and table below.
Backplate
Assembly
Step Action
1 Take out the backplate pin using the rim of a spent cartridge case or
metal link as shown below.
Removing the The primary drive lever and vertical cam can be removed by following the
Primary Drive steps in the table below.
Lever and the
Vertical Cam
Assembly Step Action
1 Reach under the top of the receiver to locate the drive lever lock
on the vertical cam assembly. Slide the lock to the rear about 1/4
inch as shown in the picture below.
2 Press down on the primary drive lever pivot post. (This releases
the primary drive lever and the vertical cam assembly)
3 Pull the primary drive lever and the vertical cam assembly out of
the receiver.
Removing the The sear assembly can be removed by following the steps in the table below.
Sear Assembly
Step Action
1 Turn the receiver on its side or upside down.
2 Lift the lock pin with a cartridge link or with your hand as shown
in the picture below.
3 Press the receiver sear (underneath the safety), and rotate the sear
housing assembly 90 degrees in either direction.
4 Place the safety switch in the safe position.
5 Keep pressure on the sear and lift the sear assembly off the
weapon.
Note: If the fire/safe switch is on the fire (F) position when you
remove the sear housing assembly, parts from the sear
housing assembly can fall out and become lost.
Removing the The alignment guide assembly and ogive plunger can be removed by
Alignment Guide following the steps in the table below:
Assembly and the
Ogive Plunger
Step Action
1 Depress the alignment guide spring by inserting a cartridge link or
small tool into the slot in the feeder mouth.
2 Slide the alignment guide towards the feeder mouth, pulling the
assembly slightly rearward.
3 Pull the ogive plunger assembly out through the inside wall of the
receiver as shown in the picture below.
Removing The table below lists the steps to remove the round positioning block and the
Round charger assemblies.
Positioning
Block and
Charger
Assemblies
Step Action
1 Depress the round positioning block and slide it towards the
muzzle end of the gun as shown in the picture below.
2 Pull the round positioning block away from the wall of the
receiver.
Removing
Round
Positioning
Block and Step Action
Charger 3 Place the charger assemblies in the upright position.
Assemblies, 4 Using a metal link or spent cartridge case, retract the locking
continued plunger at the base of the charging arm.
5 Slide the charger housing rearward to disengage the lugs from the
key slots in the receiver as shown above.
6 Lift the charger assembly away from the receiver.
When to Clean Care and cleaning consists of three actions: cleaning, inspecting, and
lubricating. You need to conduct care and cleaning on a regular basis.
· After firing.
· At least daily under combat/field conditions.
· Weekly when the gun is in storage.
· Three consecutive days upon returning from the field.
Cleaning and The table below describes the five types of cleaning and lubricating materials
Lubricating that you can use on the MK19.
Materials
Cleaner/Lubricant Use
Lubricant, weapons, semi-fluid Lubricates the weapon.
(LSAT)
Note: This is the preferred material
for lubricating the MK19.
Cleaner, lubricant, preservative Cleans, lubricates, and preserves the
(CLP) weapon.
Cleaning The table below lists the steps to clean the MK19.
Step Action
1 Disassemble the weapon into its components.
2 Inspect all parts for cracks, burrs, wear, and rust.
3 Clean the bore and chamber with RBC or CLP.
4 Immerse the parts in drycleaning solvent or apply drycleaning
solvent to a rag or brush and scrub the parts.
Inspecting Inspections are usually conducted in conjunction with cleaning. The table
below lists the steps to inspect the MK19.
Step Action
1 Disassemble the weapon into its components.
2 Inspect the barrel for carbon buildup in the bore or chamber.
3 Inspect all parts for cracks, wear, burrs, and rust.
4 Inspect all pins to be sure they are not loose or missing.
5 Inspect all springs for weak spring action.
6 Inspect all moving parts for binding.
7 Reassemble the weapon.
8 Inspect the mount, spare parts, and tools.
Lubricating The MK19 must be lubricated to reduce wear and to prevent rust and
malfunctions. The table below lists the steps to lubricate the MK19.
Step Action
1 Apply a light coat of lubricant to all parts. The table below lists
the authorized lubricates for use.
2 Apply several drops of lubricant to moving parts (feeder pawls,
pivot posts and latch mechanism) and work the parts to spread the
lubricant.
Extreme In extreme environments, you must take extra precautions to be sure your
Environments MK19 operates trouble-free. The following table shows the precautions you
must take for each environmental condition.
Environment Precautions
Hot, humid climate · Inspect the weapon frequently for
rust.
· Keep the weapon as moisture-free
as possible.
· Field-strip, clean, and lubricate the
weapon more often.
· Use a generous coat of lubricant.
Hot, dry, and sandy climate · Clean and lubricate daily.
· Wipe the weapon dry. Do not use
extra lubricant because the grit and
dust will stick to the parts.
· Cover the weapon when not in use.
Cold climates · Cover the weapon when outside.
· Keep the weapon free of excess
lubrication and moisture.
· If the metal sweats, dry and
lubricate the parts before taking the
weapon outdoors again.
Estimated 5 minutes
Study Time
Item 1 Which of the following is the first step in the procedure for clearing the
MK19?
Item 2 The first item you remove to begin disassembling the MK19 is the
a. LSAT
b. CLP
c. LAW
d. RBC
Item 4 How often do you conduct care and cleaning of the MK19 when it is in
storage?
a. Daily
b. Weekly
c. Bi-weekly
d. Monthly
Answers The table below provides the answers to the exercise items. If you have any
questions, refer to the reference page listed for each item.
Estimated 20 minutes
Study Time
Lesson Scope This lesson discuses how to assemble, perform a function check, and mount
the MK19 machinegun (MK19).
Procedure After you have cleaned and inspected your MK19, you are ready to begin
assembly. To assemble the MK19, replace the parts in the reverse order of
disassembly by attaching the
· Charger and round positioning block assemblies
· Ogive plunger and the alignment guide assembly
· Sear assembly
· Vertical cam assembly and the primary drive lever
· Bolt and backplate assembly
· Feed tray and the feed slide assembly
· Top cover assembly
· Secondary drive lever
Attaching the The table below lists the steps to attach the charger and round positioning
Charger and block assemblies to the MK19.
Round
Positioning
Block
Assemblies
Step Action
1 Rotate the charger handle to the up position.
2 Line up the lugs on the charger with the slots in the receiver rail.
6 Insert the round positioning block into the slots in the receiver.
7 Push against the block and slide it toward the rear until it locks in
place.
Attaching the The table below lists the steps to attach the ogive plunger and the alignment
Ogive Plunger guide assembly to the MK19 machinegun.
and Alignment
Guide Step Action
Assembly
1 Insert the ogive plunger into the feeder wall.
Attaching the The table below lists the steps to attach the sear assembly
Sear Assembly
Step Action
1 Turn the receiver upside down.
2 Place the sear on the receiver and squeeze the sear lock and rotate the
assembly 90 degrees to the right or left until it locks in place.
Attaching the Attaching the Charger and Round Positioning Block Assemblies. The table
Vertical Cam below lists the steps to attach the charger and round positioning block
Assembly and assemblies to the MK19.
the Primary
Drive Lever
Step Action
1 Slide the vertical cam assembly through the rear of the receiver.
The raised portion slides over the hole in the receiver. The drive
lever lock is underneath.
Attaching the The table below lists the steps to attach the bolt and backplate assembly to the
Bolt and MK19.
Backplate
Assembly
Step Action
1 Note: Be sure the cocking lever is cocked and forward.
3 When the bolt and backplate assembly stops, press the receiver sear
and slide the bolt and backplate assembly all the way forward.
Attaching the The table below lists the steps to attach the feed tray and the feed slide
Feed Tray and assembly to the MK19.
the Feed Slide
Assembly
Step Action
1 Drop the feed tray into the top of the feeder, recessed side up. The
pinholes on the tray line up with the lugs on the receiver.
2 Position the feed slide assembly so that the tabs are lined up with
the slots in the tray. Insert the tabs into the slots.
3 Slide the feed slide assembly to the right side of the feed tray.
4 Line up the pinholes in the feed tray and in the top cover, and the
receiver lugs.
5 Hold the top cover straight up. Insert the top cover pins on both
sides. Be sure the crosspin enters the receiver.
Attaching the Hold the top cover straight up with one hand and install the top cover pins
Top Cover from both sides as shown in diagram below.
Assembly
Attaching the The table below lists the steps to attach the secondary drive lever to the
Secondary MK19.
Drive Lever
Step Action
1 Lift the feed slide assembly and tray.
2 Engage the forked end of the secondary drive lever with the feed
slide pin.
3 Press the raised pivot post through the hole in the top cover.
4 Press the tray firmly against the top cover.
After-Assembly After assembling the MK19, conduct a check to ensure proper assembly.
Check The table below lists the steps to conduct an after-assembly check.
Step Action
1 Be sure the secondary drive lever is properly engaged with the
feed slide pin.
2 Be sure the feed slide assembly is all the way to the left.
3 Be sure the bolt is forward and the charger handles are up.
4 Close the top cover.
5 Be sure the top cover pins are flush.
Purpose You should conduct a function check immediately after assembly and before
preparing to fire. Before conducting a function check, be sure the
· Secondary drive lever is properly engaged with the feed slide pin.
· Feed slide assembly is all the way to the left.
· Bolt is forward.
Procedure The table below lists the steps to perform a function check.
Step Action
1 Charge the gun. If the bolt jams midway
· M3 tripod mount
· Vehicle mount
Accessories The MK19 must be mounted to fire. Along with one of the mounts listed
above, you need the accessories listed in the blocks below. These include the
MK 64 cradle, a traversing and elevating mechanism, and a pintle. To aid in
night firing, you may need to use a night vision sight. There is also a feed
throat that can be attached to guide ammunition into the feeder.
MK64 Cradle The MK64 gun cradle, shown in the picture below, is used to support the
MK19. The cradle permits mounting on the M3 tripod and vehicle mounts.
The T&E mechanism is attached to the cradle to permit accurate delivery of
fire.
T&E The MK19 uses the same mounts (M3 tripod, M4 pedestal, M66 ring,
Mechanism HMMWV weapons station) and the same T&E mechanism as the M2HB .50-
caliber heavy machinegun.
Pintle Adapter The pintle adapter is needed to mount the MK19 to the mounting well of a
HMMWV weapons platform and M3A2 ring mount with the M66 ring. A
picture of the adapter is shown below:
AN/TVS-5 Night vision sight can be installed on the MK19 for passive night observation
Night Vision and fire. Portable and battery operated, the AN/TVS-5 amplifies natural light
Sight such as moonlight, starlight, and skyglow. AN/TVS-5 does not emit visible
or infrared light that could be detected by the enemy.
Feed Throat The MK19 has a feed throat that can be attached to the weapon to guide the
ammunition belt into the feeder. The table below lists the steps to attach the
feed throat to the MK19 machinegun.
Step Action
1 Squeeze the spring-loaded pins on the feed throat as shown in the
picture below.
2 Insert the feed throat into the slots on both sides of the feeder.
Estimated 5 minutes
Study Time
Item 1 What is the next step in assembling the MK19 after attaching the top cover
assembly?
Item 2 While performing a function check on the MK19, the operator depresses the
trigger with the fire/safe switch in the F position. What should happen?
a. Nothing.
b. A click should be heard.
c. The bolt should slam forward.
d. A round should eject.
Item 3 Which of the following night vision sights can be installed on the MK19 to
aid in night observation and fire?
Answers The table below provides the answers to the exercise items. If you have any
questions, refer to the reference page listed for each item.
Estimated 25 minutes
Study Time
Lesson Scope This lesson discusses how to set the sights, fire, handle malfunctions and
stoppages, and apply immediate action for the MK19 machinegun (MK19).
Introduction The MK40 sight, is the rear sight assembly on the MK19. The sight is a
ladder type design with graduated range indications from 300-1,500 meters.
The strengthening rib on the gun’s top cover is used as the front sight blade.
Front Sight The front sight is a raised ridge on the top cover assembly, as shown in the
illustrated below:
MK40 Parts The illustration below lists the parts of the sight assembly for the MK19.
Function The table below lists the function of the parts located on the front sight
assembly.
Part Function
Plunger Releases the sight frame
Retainer lock nut Locks the aperture carrier in place
Sight frame Contains the graduated range indications
Elevation wheel Adjusts the degrees of elevation
Aperture carrier Sets the elevation
Windage screw Adjusts the windage
Battlesight Sight used with sight assembly folded down to engage
targets with in battlesight range.
Prepare Sights When the rear sight frame is down, use the battlesight to engage snap targets.
The table below lists the steps to sight in on a target with the rear sight frame
up.
Step Action
1 Estimate the range to the target.
2 Push in on the lock nut and move the aperture carrier up or down
to the range indication that corresponds to your estimated range.
3 Adjust the T&E mechanism to obtain a sight picture on the target.
Feeding the The following table lists the steps to feed ammunition into the MK19.
Ammunition
Step Action
1 Clear the MK19.
2 Insert the first round, female link first, into the feeder as shown in
the picture below.
3 Push the round across the first pawl as shown in the picture below
until you hear a click.
4 Move the secondary drive lever (inside the top cover) to the left.
Charging After feeding, charging the gun manually moves the round into position to be
fired. The table below lists the steps to charge the MK19.
Step Action
1 Grasp the charger handles (1).
2 Press the charger handle locks (2), as shown in the picture below,
and rotate the handles down.
Loading the The table below lists the steps to load the first round onto the face of the bolt.
First Round
Step Action
1 Place the fire/safe switch on the F position.
2 Press the trigger, allowing the bolt to slam forward.
3 Charge the gun again.
4 Return the fire/safe switch to the S position. The gun is now
loaded, charged, and ready to fire.
Firing The table below lists the steps to fire the MK19.
Step Action
1 Place the fire/safe switch on the F position. (Be sure the charger
handles are forward and up.)
2 Place your hands on the control grips with your thumbs on the
trigger.
3 Press the trigger to fire. (Fire in three- to five-round bursts.)
Zeroing The table below lists the steps to zero the MK19.
Step Action
1 Locate a target at a known distance. (Recommended distance is
400 - 600 meters)
2 Adjust the rear sight setting to the range to the target.
3 Center the windage scale by turning the windage screw until the
center index lines are aligned.
4 Adjust the T&E mechanism until the correct sight picture is
obtained at the base of the target.
5 Fire a single round and observe the impact. If the round
Introduction Malfunctions and stoppages can occur any time you are firing the MK19.
You must be able to identify and correct the problem quickly and continue
your mission.
Common The table below lists the most common types of malfunctions, their causes,
Malfunctions and the corrective action to take.
Common The table below lists the most common types of stoppages, their causes, and
Stoppages the corrective action to take.
Procedure The table below lists the steps to perform immediate action.
Estimated 5 minutes
Study Time
Item 1 Which of the parts below contain the graduated sight indications scale on the
MK40 sight?
a. Sight frame
b. Elevation wheel
c. Aperture carrier
d. Elevation screw
Item 2 What is the first step to preparing the MK19 for firing?
Item 3 Which of the following is the corrective action if you have a runaway gun
with the MK19?
Item 5 After observing feeding and ejecting while performing immediate action on
the MK19, a round is ejected. What is the next step the gunner performs?
Answers The table below provides the answers to the exercise items. If you have any
questions, refer to the reference page listed for each item.
Scope This study unit covers the traversing and elevating (T&E) mechanism and its
use and operation.
Estimated 15 minutes
Study Time
Lesson Scope This lesson will describe the use and components of the T&E mechanism.
Note: The information in this lesson applies to using the T&E mechanism
on all the machineguns discussed in this course.
Capabilities When properly employed, the traversing and elevating (T&E) mechanism
enables you to
· Lock the gun into a desired position which allows you to accurately
engage predetermined targets during periods of reduced visibility
· Obtain direction and elevation readings from the traversing bar and T&E
mechanism and record the readings on your range card. This allows you
to
Estimated 5 minutes
Study Time
Directions Complete items 1 through 3. Check your answers against those listed at the
end of this lesson.
Item 1 Which of the following actions does the T&E mechanism enable you to
accomplish?
Item 3 What part on the T&E locks itself to the traversing bar?
Answers The table below provides the answers to the exercise items. If you have any
questions, refer to the reference page listed for each item.
Estimated 20 minutes
Study Time
Lesson Scope This lesson describes the operation of the T&E mechanism.
Note: The information in this lesson applies to using the T&E mechanism on
all the machineguns discussed in this course.
· Identify where you lock the traversing bar to lay the machinegun for
direction.
· Identify the procedure for obtaining a direction reading from the T&E.
· Identify the procedure for obtaining elevation reading from the T&E.
Center the You must center the traversing mechanism before obtaining direction and
Traversing elevation readings. The following table lists the steps for centering the
Mechanism traversing mechanism.
Step Action
1 Turn the traversing handwheel (shown below) toward your body
as far as it will go.
Two Methods After centering the traversing mechanism, you can lay the gun for direction.
The two methods of laying the gun for direction depend on if a final
protective line (FPL) has been assigned or has not been assigned.
Final Protective The following table lists the steps for laying the gun for direction if a final
Line (FPL) protective line has been assigned.
Assigned
Step Action
1 Lock the traversing slide all the way to the end of the traversing
bar opposite to the direction of the FPL.
2 Lift the rear legs of the tripod and shift the tripod until the muzzle
of the gun points along the FPL.
No Final If an FPL has not been assigned, lay the gun on the center of your sector of
Protective Line fire. The following table lists the steps for laying the gun for direction if an
(FPL) Assigned FPL has not been assigned.
Step Action
1 Lock the left edge of the traversing slide on the 0 graduation on
the traversing bar.
Note: If the tripod legs are moved, you must obtain new readings.
When to Obtain direction readings for all targets within your sector of fire except for
Obtain the FPL.
Readings
Note: The FPL needs no direction reading since the traversing slide is
positioned all the way to the left or right of the traversing bar to fire.
Procedure The following table lists the steps to obtain direction readings to targets.
Step Action
1 Loosen the traversing slide lock lever. Slide the traversing slide
along the traversing bar until the gun is laid on the center of a
point target or on either flank of a linear target.
2 Lock the traversing bar and read the direction reading from the
scale on the traversing bar as shown in the figure below.
Procedure,
continued
Step Action
4 Move the left edge of the traversing bar slide back to the next
smaller graduation.
5 Use the traversing handwheel to complete the initial lay and record
the reading.
6 Add the mil readings obtained from steps 4 and 5.
Example The gunner centers the gun on a point target and finds the left edge of the
traversing bar slide falls between the 300 and 305 graduations on the
traversing bar. The gunner next
· Moves the left edge of the traversing bar slide back to the LEFT 300
graduations.
· Turns the traversing handwheel to return the muzzle of the gun to the
center of the target (left 3 clicks).
· Adds the readings together. 300 + 3, you obtain a reading of 303 mils.
Note: Since the gunner moved the muzzle of the gun to the right of center,
this is a right reading. The direction reading is right 303 mils.
Introduction After obtaining a direction reading, the next step is to obtain an elevation
reading. This reading is obtained from two scales.
Elevation The two scales used to obtain an elevation reading on the T&E are taken from
Scales the
Method For The following table lists the steps to obtain the elevation reading.
Obtaining
Elevation
Reading
Step Action
1 Estimate the range to the target and place the range on the sight.
2 Lay the gun on the center base of the target.
3 Lower your head until your eyes are on line with the top of the
elevating handwheel.
4 The first part of the reading is the number and the plus (+) or (-)
minus sign above the first visible index line.
5 Locate the graduation on line with the indicator this is the second
part of the number.
Example To place the elevation reading on the T&E, follow the steps in the table
below.
Step Action
1 Manipulate the elevating handwheel until the horizontal line is
below the number needed at eye level.
2 Turn the handwheel until the indicator shows the proper number.
Estimated 5 minutes
Study Time
Directions Complete items 1 through 4. Check your answers against those listed at the
end of this lesson.
Item 1 Which of the following are the first two steps of the procedure for initially
positioning the traversing mechanism?
a. Slide the traversing slide so that the left edge is lined up with the index
line.
b. Turn the traversing handwheel toward your body until the zero on the
scale is lined up with the zero index line.
c. Turn the traversing handwheel toward your body as far as it will go then
turn it two complete revolutions away from you.
d. Turn the traversing handwheel until the muzzle of your gun is centered in
your primary sector of fire.
Item 2 You are laying your gun in a defensive position. Your platoon commander
assigns you a final protective line (FPL) to your right, across the front of the
platoon battle position. When laying your gun, where do you lock the
traversing slide?
a. Lock the left edge on the zero graduation on the traversing bar.
b. Lock the slide on the graduation that indicates the direction of the FPL.
c. Leave the traversing slide unlocked.
d. Lock the traversing slide all the way to the left on the traversing bar.
Item 3 You are obtaining a direction reading. You have laid the gun on the center of
the target and locked the traversing slide. You look down on the traversing
bar scale and see that the left edge of the traversing slide is between the 230
and 235 graduation. Which of the following is your next step?
a. Move the left edge of the traversing slide to the 230 graduation.
b. Move the left edge of the traversing slide to the 235 graduation.
c. Turn the traversing handwheel until the muzzle of your gun is centered.
d. Add the mil readings to obtain your direction reading.
Answers The table below provides the answers to the exercise items. If you have any
questions, refer to the reference page listed for each item.
Unit Scope In this study unit, you will cover the characteristics, components,
employment, and capabilities of the M136, 84mm HEAT launcher and the
AT-4 anti-tank cartridge.
Estimated 25 minutes
Study Time
Lesson Scope This lesson discusses the mission and basic characteristics of the M136,
84mm high explosive anti-tank launcher (AT-4).
Mission The AT-4, as shown below, is used primarily against armored personnel
carriers; however, it can also be used against
Capability Limits
Muzzle Velocity 290 meters per second (950 feet per second)
Maximum Range 2,100 meters (6890 feet)
Maximum Effective Range 300 meters (985 feet)
Minimum Training Range 30 meters (99 feet)
Minimum Combat Range 10 meters (33 feet)
· Self-contained.
· An anti-armor weapon.
· Provides anti-armor capability for the rifle squad and other units or
installations that do not have organic anti-armor weapons.
· Can be used offensively by assault and support elements.
Technical Data The following table lists data that applies to the AT-4.
Dimension Measurement
Weight of rocket 4 pounds
Caliber of rocket 84 mm
Length of Launcher 40 inches
AT-4 The gunner must be able to identify the major components of the AT-4. The
components are identified in the graphic below:
Transport The transport safety pin provides for safe transportation. A lanyard attaches it
Safety Pin to the AT-4.
Firethrough The firethrough muzzle cover keeps out moisture and prevents foreign objects
Muzzle Cover from entering the muzzle.
Color Code The color code band indicates the type of cartridge.
Band
· The rear sight consists of a sight blade, range setting knob, range
indicator, 2mm peephole, and a 7mm peephole.
· The front sight consists of a sight blade, a center post, and right and left
lead posts.
Forward Safety The red safety catch must be fully depressed and held before pressing the
(Red Safety trigger button or the AT-4 will not fire. It is also provided as a final safety
Catch) measure.
Shoulder Stop The shoulder stop helps to stabilize the AT-4 on the shoulder.
Carrying Sling The carrying sling provides a means for carrying the AT-4.
Red Trigger The red trigger button is located between the cocking lever and forward safety
Button as shown below.
Note: The weapon cannot be fired until all three safeties have been
disengaged.
Transport The transport safety pin blocks the firing pin from striking the cartridge
Safety Pin percussion cap. To disengage the safety, pull it outward and release. See the
diagram below.
Cocking Lever The cocking leaver separates the firing rod and trigger to prevent accidental
firing.
To cock, push the lever forward and rotate it downward and to the right. This
will cause the firing rod to connect to the red trigger button as illustrated
below.
Forward Safety The forward safety is on the front end of the firing mechanism. It blocks the
firing rod from striking the firing pin.
Introduction The AT-4’s front and rear sights resemble those of the M16-series rifle. This
feature makes it easier to hit targets with the AT-4.
Front Sight As shown in the picture below, the front sight consists of
Rear Sight As shown in the picture below, the rear sight consists of
Packaging the AT-4s are individually wrapped in a plastic barrier bag and packed in wooden
AT-4 containers containing five AT-4s. The illustration below shows the packing
of AT-4 containers.
Note: Do not stack containers more than four deep on a pallet, as shown
below:
Introduction The AT-4 launchers are marked with color-code bands for proper
identification for use.
Markings of Each wooden container is marked on the two corners that shows
Container
· The color code for the type of round packed inside.
· The serial numbers and classification for each round.
Marking of The color-code bands that represent use of the AT-4 are listed in the table
Launcher below.
Bands Use
Black/Yellow High explosive anti-tank
Gold/Yellow Field handling trainer
(None) M287 9-mm tracer bullet trainer
Estimated 10 minutes
Study Time
Directions Complete items 1 through 8 by performing the actions required. Check your
answers against those listed at the end of this lesson.
Item 2 Which of the following is the maximum effective range in of the AT-4?
a. 290 meters
b. 300 meters
c. 1,800 meters
d. 2,100 meters
Item 4 The purpose of the firethrough muzzle cover on the AT-4 launcher is to
Item 5 What are the three safety devices that must be disengaged before firing the
AT-4?
Item 6 Where is the range setting knob found on the AT-4 launcher?
a. Rear sight
b. Front sight
c. Neither sight
d. Both sights
a. 2
b. 6
c. 4
d. 8
Item 8 The color band used for the high explosive anti-tank cartridge is
a. red/yellow.
b. gold/yellow.
c. no band.
d. black/yellow.
Answers The table below provides the answers to the exercise items. If you have any
questions, refer to the reference page listed for each item.
Estimated 25 minutes
Study Time
Lesson Scope This lesson discusses how to inspect, fire, and take appropriate procedures
when a misfire occurs on the AT-4.
Introduction The AT-4 is issued as a round of ammunition rather than a weapon; therefore,
it is completely sealed, making it waterproof until fired. Inspection is limited
to the visual examination of the external components.
Procedure The following table lists the steps to prepare the AT-4 for firing.
Step Action
1 Cradle the weapon by removing the AT-4 from the carrying
position with the left arm as shown in the picture below.
WARNINGS:
2 Remove the transport safety pin by pulling it out with the right
hand and releasing it as shown in the picture below.
Procedure,
continued
Step Action
3 Unsnap the shoulder stop and unfold it as shown in the picture
below.
Procedure,
continued
Step Action
5 As shown in the picture below, release the
· Front sight
· Rear sight
Procedure,
continued
Step Action
6 To cock the AT-4
Procedure,
continued
Step Action
7 Make sure your backblast area is large enough and that it is free of
obstructions. Then, stabilize the weapon by pressing the shoulder
stop against the shoulder as shown below.
Note: For added stability
· Grasp the carrying sling near the muzzle with the left hand
· Pull back on the carrying sling until the shoulder stop is snug
against the shoulder
Procedure,
continued
Step Action
9 With your index and middle fingers on your right hand, hold the
forward safety down and to your left as shown in the picture
below.
Note: Ensure you check the back blast area before firing.
· Firing mechanism
· Element in the propelling charge explosive train
· Forward safety not depressed far enough
While Training While training with the AT-4, should you encounter a misfire, follow the
steps provided in the table below.
Step Action
1 Immediately shout, “Misfire!”
2 Maintain original sight picture.
3 Release the forward safety.
4 Recock the launcher.
5 Press the forward safety all the way down.
6 Attempt to fire.
Failure to Fire After you have performed the misfire steps listed above and the weapon still
fails to fire, perform the steps below for disposal of the launcher.
Step Action
1 Shout misfire again.
Release the forward safety and move the cocking lever to the safe
2
(uncocked) position.
Take the AT-4 off your shoulder while keeping the muzzle pointed
3
toward the target.
4 Reinsert the transport safety pin.
Wait two minutes and then carefully lay the launcher on the
5
ground with the muzzle facing toward the target.
6 Dispose AT-4 launcher according to your unit’s SOP.
During Combat If a misfire occurs during combat, perform the same steps as those performed
during training.
Failure to Fire In combat if the AT-4 fails to fire after performing misfire procedures
During Combat
· Break off the sights to identify the misfired launcher.
· Place on the ground (pointing toward enemy) and use another launcher.
Estimated 5 minutes
Study Time
Directions Complete items 1 through 3 by performing the actions required. Check your
answers against those listed at the end of this lesson.
Item 3 The gunner released the forward safety while performing misfire procedures
on an AT-4. What is the next step the gunner must perform?
a. Shout misfire.
b. Recock the launcher.
c. Repress the forward safety.
d. Attempt to fire.
Answers The table below provides the answers to the exercise items. If you have any
questions, refer to the reference page listed for each item.
Estimated 25 minutes
Study Time
Lesson Scope This lesson discusses the fundamentals of marksmanship of the AT-4.
· Identify the correct placement of the front sight lead posts when firing at
moving targets using the AT-4.
· Identify the backblast danger zones for the AT-4 in an infantry fighting
position.
· Identify the conditions a building must meet to allow firing an AT-4 from
inside.
Eye Relief To sight the AT-4, first determine the range to the target. Once you have
determined the range, place the AT-4 in position on the right shoulder so the
right eye is 2½ to 3 inches from the rear sight.
Sight Picture A correct sight picture is obtained when the sights are properly aligned and
the aiming point (target) is in the correct relationship to the front sight posts
as shown in the picture below. The sight picture includes two basic elements:
· Sight alignment
· Placement of the front sight lead posts
Sight To obtain correct sight alignment, the sights must be aligned as shown in the
Alignment picture below. Ensure the proper sight alignment by looking through the rear
sight peephole and focus your eye on the front sight post. The top center of
the front sight posts are in the center of the rear sight peephole.
Note: The white line fits inside the bottom half of the 2mm peephole.
Placement of The table below outlines the placement of the front lead post in various
Front Lead conditions.
Post
Steady Hold When firing the AT-4, apply the “steady hold.” As the term implies, steady
hold is the technique of holding the AT-4 as steady as possible by
· Grasping with the left hand, the carrying sling where it is attached to the
AT-4 near the muzzle.
· Holding down the forward safety with the index and middle fingers of the
right hand.
· Pulling on the carrying sling with the left hand and at the same time,
pulling back to the rear with the right hand. This helps to get the shoulder
stop fully seated into the pocket of the shoulder.
· Holding the elbows close to the body to aid in balance and control and to
counter jerking and flinching.
Introduction The AT-4 is fired from the right shoulder only in the following positions
· Standing
· Kneeling
· Sitting
· Prone
Note: The exact position may vary slightly to allow for the shape of the
shooter's body with individual preference governing the selection of
the best position.
Standing The standing position, as shown in the picture below, is similar to the off-
Position hand position for firing a rifle and will expose you more than any other
position. Choose this position when firing from behind a protective barrier,
such as a wall or a fighting position.
Standing To assume a proper standing position, follow the steps in the table below:
Position
Step Action
1 Raise the AT-4 about shoulder level, keeping the AT-4 pointed
towards the target while rotating your body under the AT-4 by
doing a half-left face.
2 Spread your feet a comfortable distance apart and place the AT-4
on your right shoulder. Your body should be balanced with the
hips level. Your left (non-firing) hand should be directly under the
front of the AT-4 grasping the carrying sling.
3 Place your left elbow against the body for stability.
4 Grasp the firing mechanism with your right (firing) hand and keep
your right elbow placed tightly against your body.
Basic Kneeling To get into this kneeling position, follow the steps below. Use this position to
Position engage moving targets.
Step Action
1 Assume the standing position.
2 Kneel on your right knee, keeping your thigh of the right leg
vertical. Keep your buttock and back straight.
3 Point your left leg towards the target, keeping your left foot at a
right angle and opposite your right knee.
4 Keep your left thigh parallel to the ground.
5 Keep your elbows tucked against your sides.
Sitting Position There are two sitting positions. The sitting positions are suitable for firing at
stationary targets and are more stable than the kneeling positions. The
modified sitting position is primarily used on downward slopes.
Modified To assume the modified sitting position, follow the steps listed below:
Sitting Position
Step Action
1 Keep the AT-4 pointed towards the target and execute a half-left
face.
2 Sit with your legs crossed and place the AT-4 on your right
shoulder.
3 Lean slightly forward from the hips and rest your elbows forward
of the knees to avoid bone-to-bone contact.
Basic Sitting To assume the basic sitting position, follow the steps listed in the table below.
Position
Step Action
1 Keep the AT-4 pointed towards the target and execute a half-left
face.
2 Sit with your legs partially extended and well apart and place the
AT-4 on your right shoulder.
3 Dig your heels in the ground to keep from sliding down.
4 Rest your elbows forward of the knees to avoid bone-to-bone
contact.
Prone Position This position is the most dangerous position due to its proximity to the
ground. Ideally, the ground should slope downward from the rear of the
launcher. This slope reduces the effects of the backblast.
Assume the To get into the prone position, follow the steps in the below table:
Prone Position
Step Action
1 Lay the launcher on the ground, pointed toward the target.
2 Lie on your stomach at an angle of not less than 90o to the line of
fire.
Infantry You can fire the AT-4 from the standard infantry fighting position. You must
Fighting ensure the venturi protrudes past the rear of the position to minimize the
Position danger to friendly troops due to backblast as shown in the picture below.
Backblast The area immediately to the rear of an AT-4 must not have walls, large trees,
Danger Zones or any other obstructions within 5 meters (Zone A) that can deflect the
backblast onto you, as shown in the dark shaded area in the picture below.
The backblast danger area (Zone B) is 60 meters deep with a 90o fan from the
rear of the weapon, as the picture below, should be free of personnel.
Introduction Firing from an enclosure creates unique hazards. Leaders must consider
several factors that affect safety.
Considerations Fire from a building only when all of the following conditions are met:
· There must be an opening of at least 20 square feet to the rear of the AT-4
for the backblast pressure to escape. An open door at least 7 feet high by
3 feet wide would provide adequate ventilation.
· All glass must be removed from the windows, and all loose objects
removed from the room.
· All Marines within the room must be forward of the backblast area of the
AT-4.
· All Marines in the room must protect their hearing with ear plugs when
the AT-4 is fired.
· The muzzle of the AT-4 must protrude 6 inches beyond the opening from
which the AT-4 will be fired.
Estimated 10 minutes
Study Time
Directions Complete items 1 through 6 by performing the actions required. Check your
answers against those listed at the end of this lesson.
Item 1 When aiming the AT-4, the right eye should be at a distance of _________
inches from the rear sight.
a. 2 to 3
b. 2 to 3½
c. 2½ to 3
d. 2½ to 3½
Item 2 While aiming at a slow moving vehicle (any direction), place the lead post of
the front sight
Item 3 What technique is used to hold the AT-4 in a comfortable tight position?
a. Steady grasp
b. Steady hold
c. Standing
d. Sitting
Item 4 When engaging moving targets, what two firing positions are recommended?
Item 5 Backblast danger zone “B” has a 90-degree fan from the rear of the weapon,
is _______ meters deep, and free of personnel.
a. 30
b. 40
c. 50
d. 60
Item 6 When firing the AT-4 from inside a building, an open door at least ___ feet
high by ___ feet wide will provide adequate ventilation.
a. 7, 3
b. 8, 4
c. 10, 5
d. 11, 6
Answers The table below provides the answers to the exercise items. If you have any
questions, refer to the reference page listed for each item.
Estimated 25 minutes
Study Time
Lesson Scope Marines who fire the AT-4 must learn how to determine range and vehicle
speed to be successful in hitting their intended target.
Introduction To be successful at hitting targets with the AT-4, we must first be able to
accurately determine how far the target is from us.
· Range finders
· Measuring the distance on a map
· Pacing (most desirable in defense)
· Using visual range estimation (least desirable)
Predetermined Any of the methods listed above may be used; however, range to expected
Range armor engagement locations should be predetermined and recorded on the
· Range card
· Squad sector sketch
Introduction The AT-4 is designed primarily for use against armored vehicles. Often these
targets are in motion, and accurate engagement depends on the your ability to
determine speed and range.
Speed The ability to determine speed is developed through constant practice. One
method of speed determination is to estimate how fast a vehicle moves during
one second. Start counting when the front end of the vehicle passes a chosen
object, shown in the black figure below. Count “one thousand one” (takes
one second).
IF… THEN…
More than half of the vehicle passes the object Estimate the vehicle as
shown in the outline figure below. being fast.
Less than half of the vehicle passes the object. Estimate the vehicle as
being slow.
Note: If you don't have an object to use to estimate how fast a vehicle is
moving, you will have to estimate the vehicle speed and determine if
the vehicle is moving slow or fast. Consider all oblique moving
vehicles to be slow and all flank moving vehicles to be fast.
Introduction As leaders, we must think of how we are going to engage the target with the
assets available. This section covers the methods to engage targets with the
AT-4.
Single Firing In single firing, a Marine fires one AT-4 with no succeeding shots fired at the
target. Use this method only
· At short ranges (200 meters or less) when you have not determined
range to target
· When you have accurately determined the range to the target at ranges
longer than 200 meters
· Sight alignment
· Steady hold positions
· Placing the AT-4 into and out of operation
Sequence A shooter who is equipped with two or more AT-4s and engages the target
Firing must
Pair Firing In this case, two or more shooters equipped with two or more AT-4s engage
a single target and each shooter inspects and prepares several AT-4s.
· The first shooter announces the estimated range and the lead to be used
and fires.
· The second shooter observes the firing and announces a revised estimate
of the range and lead if the target is not hit.
Example: The first gunner who sees the target identifies it and announces:
“BMP, one five zero meters, fast target.”
Note: Each shooter continues exchanging range and lead information until
the target is destroyed as shown in the illustration below:
Volley Firing On a prearranged signal, two or more firers engage a single target. This
method is desirable because more rounds are fired at a target at one given
time, increasing the probability of killing the target as shown in the
illustration below.
Note: You must determine the range to the target before firing.
Estimated 5 minutes
Study Time
Directions Complete items 1 through 3 by performing the actions required. Check your
answers against those listed at the end of this lesson.
Item 1 Which of the following is the least desirable method of range determination?
a. Range finders
b. Pacing
c. Firing the pair and sequence method
d. Visual range estimation
Item 2 If less than half the vehicle passes an object in one second, the gunner can
estimate the vehicle speed as being
a. stationary.
b. slow.
c. fast
d. moderate.
Item 3 One shooter with two or more AT-4s can employ which method of target
engagement?
a. Single firing
b. Sequence firing
c. Pair firing
d. Volley firing
Answers The table below provides the answers to the exercise items. If you have any
questions, refer to the reference page listed for each item.
Estimated 25 minutes
Study Time
Lesson Scope The AT-4 has greater penetrating power and after-armor effect than previous
light antiarmor weapons. Use of the AT-4 is not limited to armored vehicles;
it is also effective against bunkers and field fortifications.
· Identify the range firing precautions to be taken before firing the AT-4.
Introduction Armored vehicles have more protection on their front slopes, leaving them
more venerable on their sides (flank). Shooters should try to engage an
armored vehicle from the side or rear whenever possible. See the illustration
below.
Note: You should always aim center of mass hit on a target to allow for a
greater chance of a target hit.
Target Hits Hits on armored vehicles hits can be classified into the following groups:
· Mobility kills
· Firepower kills
· Catastrophic kills
· The vehicle has stopped moving because a track or road wheel has been
blown off.
· The vehicle has been hit in the engine compartment.
Important: The vehicle is no longer mobile, but it can still return fire.
Firepower Kill The main gun cannot return fire because a hit in the turret has knocked out its
capability to fire.
Note: The vehicle can still move and can get away.
Catastrophic The vehicle can neither move nor return fire. For all practical purposes, it is
Kill destroyed.
Introduction Before firing the AT-4, the gunner must think about safety. Below are some
safety precautions that must be considered.
· Do not fire the AT-4 when temperatures exceed its operating limits of -40
to 140 degrees Fahrenheit.
· Do not engage targets closer than the minimum arming range. During
training, do not engage targets closer than 30 meters.
· Do not fire the tracer trainer device and tracer trainer cartridge at targets at
a range of less than 125 meters because of the possibility of ricochet. Use
wooden targets for stationary targets when possible.
· All personnel must wear hearing protection when the AT-4s are fired.
· Do not fire the AT-4 over the heads of friendly troops unless protection is
adequate against direct impact and other hazards.
Introduction The AT-4 is a closed chamber weapon with a plexiglass baseplate at the rear.
When the weapon is fired, gas pressure builds up inside the chamber and
ruptures the baseplate. The gases exit the rear of the weapon in the form of a
backblast.
Blackblast Backblast can severely injure personnel and damage equipment. The total
backblast area extends 65 meters (216 feet) to the rear of the AT-4.
Danger Zones Clear the following danger zones before firing AT-4s:
· Danger Zone A
· This zone extends 5 meters immediately to the rear of the AT-4. It
must be absolutely clear of all obstacles.
· Clear away all obstacles, such as barriers, trees, or other vertical
objects because of the risk of debris ricocheting. Any obstacle behind
the shooter may deflect the backblast onto the shooter and cause
injury.
· Backblast heat or flying debris may injure the shooter and other
Marines in this zone.
· Before firing, clear the entire backblast area of all personnel, equipment,
and flammable material.
· Do not allow any personnel within 75 meters of the area behind the firing
line without permission of the range safety officer or officer in charge.
Who Marines who normally carry the M16A2 service rifle also carry and use the
AT-4. The AT-4 supplements other organic anti-armor weapons.
Offense In the attack, AT-4s should be readily available to influence the action
because of its relatively short range, spread the AT-4 throughout the
maneuver element.
Use the AT-4 primarily against armored vehicles, although you may also use
it against
· Light vehicles
· Bunkers
· Crew-served weapon positions
Defense In the defense, the AT-4 can play an important role in stopping the enemy.
Here are some considerations for the use of the AT4 in the defense.
Other Because of its light weight, the AT-4 can be use against such targets as
Operations command posts, communication installations, and supply dumps and is an
excellent weapon for
· Combat patrols
· Ambush parties
· Raiding parties
Estimated 5 minutes
Study Time
Directions Complete items 1 through 5 by performing the actions required. Check your
answers against those listed at the end of this lesson.
Item 1 Armored vehicle hits can be classified into which three groups?
Item 3 Backblast danger zone A extends _____ meters immediately to the rear of the
AT-4.
a. 5
b. 15
c. 30
d. 60
Item 4 When firing AT-4s on a range, the gunner needs to consider which of the
following?
a. Cover the AT-4s to protect them prolong exposure from direct sunlight.
b. Wear protective masks and double the backblast area dimensions.
c. Do not allow personnel within 70 meters behind the firing line.
d. Equipment and flammable materials are kept at least 50 meters behind the
shooter.
Item 5 The methods of tactical employment for the AT-4 are offense,
Answers The table below provides the answers to the exercise items. If you have any
questions, refer to the reference page listed for each item.
Introduction The purpose of the review lesson examination is to prepare you for your final
examination. We recommend that you try to complete your review lesson
examination without referring to the text, but for those items (questions) you
are unsure of, restudy the text. When you finish your review lesson and are
satisfied with your responses, check your responses against the answers
provided at the end of this review lesson examination.
Directions Select the ONE answer that BEST completes the statement or that answers
the item. For multiple choice items, circle your response. For matching
items, place the letter of your response in the space provided.
a. 10
b. 25
c. 50
d. 75
Item 3 What is the sixth step in the cycle of operation of the M9 service pistol?
a. Locking
b. Unlocking
c. Extracting
d. Ejecting
Item 5 After removing the magazine, what is the next step to clear the M9 pistol?
Item 6 What is the second step when disassembling the slide group from the receiver
of the M9 pistol?
a. RBC/CLP
b. LSL/LSA
c. CLP/LAW
d. RBC/LSL
a. CLP
b. LAW
c. RBC
d. LSL
Item 11 Identify the first step in performing a function check on the M9 pistol.
Item 12 You are loading the M9 pistol. The first round from the magazine is
chambered when
Item 13 Where do you place your firing hand thumb when engaging targets with the
M9 pistol?
Item 14 You are firing your M9 pistol and it fails to operate. What type of stoppage
has occurred?
a. Failure to extract.
b. Failure to fire.
c. Failure to chamber.
d. Failure to cock.
Item 15 The unhesitating application of a probable remedy when your M9 pistol fails
to fire without investigating the cause of the malfunction is defined as
a. stoppage.
b. immediate action.
c. an unintentional interruption in the weapon’s cycle of operation.
d. any unintentional interruption in the weapon.
a. 1, 2, 4, 5
b. 2, 3, 5, 6
c. 1, 2, 3, 6
d. 1, 3, 4, 6
Item 17 When engaging a point target, what is the maximum effective range in meters
of the M203 grenade launcher?
a. 100
b. 150
c. 250
d. 350
Item 18 What type of M203 ammunition is used to engage enemy personnel armed
with automatic weapons and dug into fighting positions?
a. HE
b. CS
c. VT Frag
d. TP
Item 19 Below in scrambled order are the steps for clearing the M203 grenade
launcher. Put the steps in the proper order. Then answer the question.
Which is the correct sequence of steps for clearing the M203 grenade
launcher?
a. 1, 2, 3, 4
b. 4, 1, 3, 2
c. 4, 2, 3, 1
d. 4, 3, 2, 1
Item 20 Which component of the M203 grenade launcher is removed first during
disassembly?
Item 21 What is the only authorized lubricant for the M203 grenade launcher?
a. LAW
b. CLP
c. LSA
d. Dry cleaning solvent
Item 22 What is used to clean the bore of the M203 grenade launcher?
Item 23 In a below freezing environment, what is the best thing to do with the M203
grenade launcher if you are going to be sleeping in a sleeping bag?
Item 24 You are assembling the M203 grenade launcher. Before sliding the barrel
assembly onto the receiver, you must first
Item 25 What area of operation is checked when performing a function check on the
M203 grenade launcher?
Item 26 Which M203 grenade launcher firing method would you use to engage targets
at 200 meters?
Item 27 To adjust the leaf sight to increase the range for the M203 grenade launcher,
use the adjustment screw to
Item 28 One notch of the M203 quadrant sight equals ___ meters at ____ meters.
a. 5; 100
b. 5; 200
c. 10; 100
d. 10; 200
Item 29 Suddenly, you realize that an ammunition casing is stuck in the breech of
your M203 grenade launcher. The stoppage that has just occurred is failure to
a. cock.
b. extract.
c. fire.
d. unlock.
Item 30 What is the first thing you should do if your M203 grenade launcher has a
misfire?
Item 31 Which of the following is the effective casualty radius in meters of the M203
grenade launcher?
a. 1
b. 5
c. 10
d. 15
Items 32 Matching: In the space provided, place the letter of the employment method
Through 34 from column 2 that best describes the employment situation in column 1. The
answers in column 2 may be used more than once.
Column 1 Column 2
Item 35 Below is a list of capabilities. Select the capabilities that are applicable to the
M249 SAW. Then, answer the question.
a. 1, 2, 4, 5, 7
b. 1, 4, 5, 6, 7
c. 2, 3, 5, 6, 7
d. 2, 4, 5, 6, 7
Item 36 What is the maximum effective range of the M249 SAW in meters for an area
target?
a. 700
b. 1,000
c. 1,100
d. 3,600
Item 38 Below are listings of cycles of operations. Identify which list for the M249
SAW is correct.
Item 39 Which of the following lists ammunition types used with the M249 SAW?
Item 40 Below in scrambled order are the steps for clearing the M249 SAW during an
emergency situation. Put the steps in the proper order. Then, answer the
question.
a. 2, 5, 7, 3, 1, 4, 6
b. 3, 2, 5, 7, 6, 1, 4
c. 5, 7, 2, 3, 1, 4, 6
d. 5, 7, 3, 2, 6, 1, 4
Items 41 Matching: In the space provided, place the letter of the component of the
Through 44 M249 SAW from column 2 that is described by the function in column 1.
The answers in column 2 may be used only once.
Column 1 Column 2
Item 45 Which list correctly states some of the main groups of the M249 SAW?
Item 46 The bolt must be forward to prevent death or injury before removing which
assembly of the M249 SAW?
a. Operating rod
b. Buffer
c. Barrel
d. Trigger
Item 47 What is the preferred material for cleaning and lubricating the M249 SAW?
Item 48 What tool is used to clean carbon from the gas regulator on the M249 SAW?
a. Cleaning rod
b. Bore punch
c. Bore brush
d. Scraper tool
Item 49 For which of the following extreme conditions should you do the following
on an M249 SAW: Inspect the weapon frequently for rust. Keep the weapon
as moisture-free as possible. Field-strip, clean, and lubricate the weapon
more often. Use a generous coat of lubricant.
a. Gas cylinder
b. Handguard
c. Bipod
d. Cleaning equipment
Item 51 Below, in scrambled order, are the steps for performing a function check on
the M249 SAW. Put the steps in the proper order. Then, answer the
question.
Which is the correct sequence of steps for performing a function check on the
M249 SAW?
a. 1, 2, 3
b. 1, 3, 2
c. 2, 1, 3
d. 3, 1, 2
Item 52 The gunner for the M249 SAW can extend the legs of bipod when engaging
targets by
Item 53 What are the components of the rear sight assembly on the M249 SAW?
Item 54 You are firing your M249 SAW and you observe the strike of your rounds
impacting to the right of your target. What action would you have to take to
bring the strike of the rounds on target?
Item 55 When is the 30-round magazine authorized for use in the M249 SAW?
a. Primarily provides automatic fire for the fire team in both offensive and
defensive operations
b. Provides close defensive, final protective fires in the defense, either by
using a final protective line or a principle direction of fire
c. Provides reconnaissance by fire on suspected enemy positions in either
offensive or defensive operations
d. Supports the infantryman in offensive and defensive combat by providing
a heavy volume of controlled and accurate fire beyond the capability of
individual small arms
Item 58 Which of the following is the maximum effective range to an area target in
meters for the M240G?
a. 700
b. 1,000
c. 1,800
d. 3,725
Item 60 Which is the correct sequence in the cycle of operation of the M240G?
Item 61 Which type of 7.62mm linked ammunition for the M240G can you use to
observe fire, create incendiary effect, signal, and mark targets?
a. Ball
b. Armor-piercing
c. Tracer
d. Dummy
Item 62 What is the first step in clearing your M240G after completing live fire
exercise?
Item 63 Below in scrambled order are the steps for general disassembly of the
M240G. Put the steps in the proper order. Then, answer the question.
a. 4, 3, 1, 2, 5
b. 2, 4, 5, 3, 1
c. 3, 4, 2, 5, 1
d. 2, 1, 5, 4, 3
Item 64 Below is a list of cleaning and lubricating materials. Use this list to answer
the question.
a. 1, 2, 5
b. 1, 4, 5
c. 2, 4, 5
d. 3, 4, 5
Item 65 Which is the proper maintenance schedule for your M240G after returning
from a field exercise?
a. Clean the gun immediately until all carbon and CLP is removed.
b. Clean and lubricate the gun for three consecutive days.
c. Clean and lubricate the gun weekly.
d. Let gun soak in CLP for five days, then clean and lubricate.
Item 66 What is the last part or group to be replaced during reassembly of the
M240G?
a. Barrel group
b. Buffer yoke
c. Buttstock
d. Trigger housing
Item 67 Matching: In the space provided, place the letter of the steps for inspecting
Through 72 the M240G in column 2 in the correct sequence in column 1. The answers in
column 2 may be used only once.
Column 1 Column 2
Item 73 The top of the front sight should be _________when the gunner correctly
align the sights for the M240G on a target.
Item 74 While loading the M240G with the cover raised, which of the following
conditions should exist?
Item 75 What is the first step you must perform to clear the M240G?
Item 76 What is the proper setting for the T&E mechanism when you are field zeroing
the M240G?
a. Centered
b. At the far left of the traversing bar
c. At the far right of the traversing bar
d. Zero degrees magnetic
Item 77 The gunner must ________ when changing the barrel on the M40G mounted
on it bipod.
a. insert the cold barrel into the barrel socket and be sure it is fully seated
b. lock the barrel into the receiver with the barrel lock. Then, you may
continue the mission
c. lock the gun in position by the T&E mechanism and pintle lock
d. stabilize the gun by locking the buttstock into your right shoulder
a. Defective ammunition
b. Failure to fire
c. Sluggish operation
d. Failure to feed
a. Faulty ammunition
b. Failure to unlock
c. Worn parts
d. Improper loading
Item 80 What is the first step in immediate action you must take when a stoppage
occurs with the M240G?
Item 83 What mount is the principal ground mount for the M2HB .50-caliber
machinegun?
a. Vehicle mount
b. M3 tripod mount
c. M4 pedestal mount
d. M66 ring mount
Item 84 What type of round for the M2HB .50-caliber machinegun is used for light
armored vehicles, concrete shelters, and other bullet-resisting targets?
a. Ball
b. Tracer
c. Armor-piercing
d. Armor-piercing incendiary
Item 85 Which of the following is the correct sequence of steps for the cycle of
operation of the M2HB .50-caliber machinegun?
Item 86 To clear the M2HB machinegun, the gunner removes the ammunition, locks
the bolt to the rear, opens the feed cover and then performs what step next?
Item 87 The six steps for disassembling the M2HB .50-caliber machinegun are listed
below in scrambled order. Place them in the proper sequence.
Which of the following is the correct order for disassembly of the M2HB .50-
caliber machinegun?
a. 6, 2, 4, 7, 3, 5, 1
b. 6, 4, 7, 3, 1, 5, 2
c. 6, 5, 2, 1, 3, 4, 7
d. 4, 7, 3, 6, 1, 2, 5
Item 88 What maintenance schedule should be followed for the M2HB machinegun
while conducting a seven-day field exercise?
Item 89 What type of cleaner would you use on friction-producing parts and on the
exterior of the M2HB .50-caliber machinegun?
a. RBC
b. CLP
c. PL special
d. LSA
Item 90 When preparing an M2HB .50-caliber machinegun for inspection, set the
elevation for _______ meters and the windage to _____.
a. 500, 10 left
b. 750, 10 right
c. 1000, 0
d. 1500, 0
Item 91 During reassembly of the M2HB .50-caliber machinegun, after installing the
barrel extension and bolt?
Item 92 When should you perform a function check of the M2HB .50-caliber
machinegun?
a. After firing
b. Before disassembling
c. Immediately after assembling
d. During an inspection
Item 93 What is correct sight alignment for the M2HB .50-caliber machinegun?
a. When the front sight blade is centered and halfway up in the rear sight
aperture
b. When the top edge of the front sight at the center base of the target while
maintaining sight alignment
c. When the front sight blade is at the bottom of the rear sight aperture
d. When the front sight blade is at the top of the rear sight aperture
Item 94 The two firing types for the M2HB .50-caliber machinegun are automatic
firing and
Item 95 What are the two firing positions for the M2HB .50-caliber machinegun?
a. Kneeling, prone
b. Prone, sitting (legs folded or legs extended)
c. Kneeling, sitting (legs folded or legs extended)
d. Standing, prone
a. Failure to fire
b. Uncontrollable automatic fire
c. Twisted ammunition belt
d. Jammed trigger
a. Clear the gun and inspect to determine the cause of the stoppage.
b. Attempt to fire again.
c. Re-lay on target.
d. Repeat immediate action.
Item 100 Which of the following is the maximum effective range in meters against a
point target for the MK19?
a. 1,100
b. 1,500
c. 1,830
d. 2,212
Item 101 Which of the following is the correct sequence of steps in the cycle of
operation of the MK19?
Item 102 Which of the following is the standard round far the MK19?
a. HEDP
b. HE
c. Practice
d. HEP
Item 103 The seven steps for clearing the MK19 are scrambled below. Place them in
the correct sequence to answer the question.
Which of the following lists the correct order of steps to clear the MK19?
a. 6, 2, 1, 3, 7, 5, 4
b. 2, 7, 5, 1, 6, 4, 3
c. 3, 5, 1, 7, 6, 2, 4
d. 3, 7, 4, 1, 6, 5, 2
Item 104 The procedures for disassembling the MK19 are listed below in scrambled
order. Place the procedures in the proper order. Then answer the question.
Which of the following lists the correct order of procedures for disassembling
the MK19?
a. 1, 3, 6, 4, 5, 7, 8, 2
b. 4, 1, 3, 6, 5, 7, 2, 8
c. 3, 6, 4, 1, 7, 8, 5, 2
d. 6, 2, 4, 1, 5, 8, 7, 2
Item 105 Which of the following cleaning and lubricating materials is the preferred
lubricant for the MK19?
Item 106 Which of the following is the recommended order for assembling the MK19?
Item 107 The following are steps that you, the operator, should check before you
conduct a function check on the MK19.
a. Secondary drive lever is properly engaged with the feed slide pin.
b. Sights are zeroed.
c. Round is fully seated.
d. Slide the drive lever lock on the vertical cam forward.
Item 108 Which of the following types of mounts are used with the MK19?
Items 109 Matching: In the space provided, place the letter of the function in column 2
Through 113 that matches the part on the MK19 sight assembly listed in column 1. The
answers in column 2 may be used only once.
Column 1 Column 2
Item 114 What is the first thing you must do to prepare to engage a target with the
MK19?
Item 115 In the sequence of steps in the procedure for feeding the MK19 listed below,
which is the missing step?
1. ______
2. Insert the first round, female link first, into the feeder.
3. Push the round across the first pawl until you hear a “click.”
4. Move the secondary drive lever to the left and close the top cover.
5. Close the top cover.
Item 116 In the sequence of steps in the procedure for charging the MK19 listed below,
which is the missing step?
Item 117 In the sequence of steps for loading the first round onto the face of the bolt
into the MK19 listed below, which is the missing step?
Item 118 In the sequence of steps in the procedure for firing the MK19 listed below,
which is the missing step?
a. Place your hands on the control grips with your thumbs on the trigger.
b. Pull the chargers to the rear.
c. Ensure that the top cover is closed.
d. Aim in on the target.
Item 119 Which are the two most common malfunctions of the MK19?
Item 120 Which of the following are the two most common types of stoppages of the
MK19?
Item 121 In combat, what is the first step in immediate action on the MK19?
Item 122 What does the T&E mechanism allow you to do?
Item 123 Which part of the T&E mechanism allows you to adjust direction left and
right?
Item 124 From the list below, which of the following is the procedure for centering the
traversing mechanism?
a. Turn the traversing handwheel toward your body until the ZERO on the
scale is lined up with the ZERO index line.
b. Turn the traversing handwheel until the muzzle of the weapon is centered
in your primary sector of fire.
c. Turn the traversing handwheel toward your body as far as it will go, then
turn it two complete revolutions away from you.
d. Slide the traversing slide so that the left edge is lined up with the index
line.
Item 125 You are assigned a final protective line to the right, across the front of a
platoon’s battle position. What would you do with the traversing slide to lay
the machinegun?
a. Lock the traversing slide all the way to the left on the traversing bar.
b. Lock the left edge on the ZERO graduation of the traversing bar.
c. Lock the traversing slide on the graduation that indicates the FPL.
d. Leave the traversing slide unlocked.
Item 126 You are obtaining a direction reading on the T&E. The M2HB .50-caliber
machinegun is on the center of the target. The gunner looks at the traversing
bar scale and see that the left edge of the traversing slide is between 210 and
215 graduation. What is the next step the gunner must perform?
a. Turn the traversing handwheel until the muzzle of the gun is centered.
b. Move the left edge of the traversing slide to 210 graduation.
c. Move the left edge of the traversing slide to 215 graduation.
d. Add the mil readings to obtain your direction reading.
Item 127 In the sequence of steps in the procedure for obtaining an elevation reading
listed below, which is the missing step?
1. Estimate the range to the target and set the sight to this range.
2. _________
3. Lower your head until your eyes are on line with the top of the elevating
handwheel. The first portion of this reading is the number and the plus or
minus sign above the first visible index line.
4. Look at the top of the elevating handwheel. The second portion of the
reading is the graduation on line with the indicator.
Item 128 In addition to its primary target, the AT-4 may also be used against
Item 129 What is the maximum effective range in meters of the AT-4?
a. 200 meters
b. 300 meters
c. 400 meters
d. 500 meters
Item 130 The main characteristics of an AT-4 are that it is a lightweight, _________,
anti-armor weapon.
a. gas-operated
b. self-contained
c. blowback operated
d. air cooled
a. 74mm
b. 84mm
c. 94mm
d. 104mm
Item 132 The _______ keeps out moisture and prevents foreign objects from entering
the muzzle.
a. venturi
b. muzzle cap
c. color code band
d. firethrough muzzle cover
Item 133 The ________ is a safety that provides for safe transportation of the AT-4.
a. cocking lever
b. red safety catch
c. trigger safety
d. transport safety pin
Item 134 The ________ sight on the AT-4 has a sight blade, range setting knob, range
scale, and two peep holes.
a. front
b. barrel
c. rear
d. gun
Item 135 Do not stack AT-4 containers more than ____ deep on a pallet.
a. 2
b. 3
c. 4
d. 5
Item 136 The color band used for the AT-4 practice round is
a. black/yellow.
b. gold/yellow.
c. blue.
d. red.
Item 137 What part of the AT-4 should you inspect to ensure there are no cracks, dents,
or bulges?
a. Body
b. Rear seal
c. Firethrough muzzle cover
d. Color code band
Item 139 The common causes for a misfire on the AT-4 are the a faulty fire
mechanism, _____________, and element in the propelling charge explosive
train.
Item 140 When aiming the AT-4, the eye relief should be ___ to ___ inches.
a. 1, 3
b. 2, 2½
c. 2½, 3
d. 2½, 3½
Item 141 The placement of the front sight posts is primarily determined by the
Item 142 The technique that should be applied when firing the AT-4 is the
a. steady hold.
b. supported kneeling.
c. supported prone.
d. steady squeeze.
Item 143 Which firing position for the AT-4 is preferred to track moving targets?
a. Standing
b. Basic kneeling
c. Modified kneeling
d. Modified sitting
Item 144 The backblast danger zone A extends for how many meters?
a. 5
b. 15
c. 30
d. 60
Item 145 What is the minimum size of a room that an AT-4 can be fired from?
a. 10 feet by 10 feet
b. 12 feet by 10 feet
c. 15 feet by 15 feet
d. 17 feet by 24 feet
Item 146 The most desirable way to determine range to possible engagement points in
the defense is by
a. map estimation.
b. visual estimation.
c. pacing the distance.
d. measuring with a M203 round.
Item 147 If a vehicle is moving at an oblique to your position, you consider its speed to
be
a. slow.
b. stationary.
c. fast.
d. medium.
Item 148 What is the best method to use to engage a single target at a known distance?
a. Single firing
b. Sequence firing
c. Pair firing
d. Volley firing
Items 149 Matching: In the space provided place the letter of the definition from
Through 151 column 2 that identifies the armor destruction term for the AT-4 in column 1.
The answers in column 2 may be used only once.
Column 1 Column 2
Item 152 Do not fire the AT-4 when temperatures exceed its operating limits of ___ to
____ degrees Fahrenheit.
a. -20/120
b. -30/130
c. -40/140
d. -50/150
Item 153 Backblast danger zone “B” extends _____meters in a ____degree fan behind
the weapon.
a. 5, 45
b. 5, 90
c. 60, 45
d. 60, 90
a. backblast.
b. depth of position.
c. storage for AT-4's
d. obtaining frontal fires on the enemy.
Answers The table below provides the answers to the review lesson items. If you have
any questions, refer to the reference page listed for each item.
Answers,
continued
Answers,
continued
Answers,
continued,
continued
Answers,
continued