EUDIOMETRY (GAS ANALYSIS) :- APPLICATION OF POAC ON EUDIOMETRY (gas analysis) NUMERICALS and HOW TO FIND OUT MOLECULAR FORMULA

OF ANY HYDROCARBON USING "POAC"

Eudiometry:- Eudiometry

means gas analysis. It means in this type of numericals either you have to find out vol. of GAS From the data given in question or you have to find out any other thing like molecular formula of hydrocarbon ,no. of mole , mass of any other reactant and vol. of GAS is given. Specific gases are absorbed in specific reagents as given below Reactants KOH solution Alkaline Pyrogallol Absorbed gases CO2 & SO2 O2

Solution of ammonical cuprous chloride CO And if the mixture is cooled, H2O vapour changes to liquid. Hence, when temperature is above 100 0C (373 K) then only volume of H2O is considered. Eudiometry is mainly based on Avogadro's law, A (g) + B (g) C(g) + D(g)

a volume b volume c volume d volume a moles b moles c moles d moles

Q.1 Three moles of Na2CO3 is reacted with 6 moles of HCl solution. Find out the volume of CO2 gas produced at STP Sol. Na2CO3 NaCl + CO2 Apply POAC on C atom

No. of moles of C atoms in Na2CO3 = no. of moles of C atoms in CO2 1* no. of moles of Na2CO3 = 1* no. of moles of CO2 So no. of moles of Na2CO3 = no. of moles of CO2 = 3 moles (given) Vol. of CO2 = 3 * 22.4 litre = 67.2 litre HOW TO FIND OUT MOLECULAR FORMULA OF ANY HYDROCARBON USING POAC:Q. 10 ml. of a gaseous hydrocarbon was burnt completely in 80 ml. of O2 at NTP. The remaining gas occupied 70 ml. at NTP. This vol. became 50 ml on treatment with KOH solution. What is the formula of hydrocarbon? Solution: - Cx Hy + O2 CO2+ H2O Vol. of ( CO2 + unreacted O2) = 70 ml. Because CO2 can be absorbed by KOH . So when this 70 ml. mix. Is treated it becames 50 ml it means vol. of CO2 in the mixture was 20 ml. which is absorbed by KOH and remaining 50 ml. was unreacted O2 ( O2 can NOT absorbed by KOH) So vol. of CO2 = 20 ml. Vol. of O2 reacted = 80 -50 = 30 ml. Vol. of hydrocarbon = 10 ml. Apply POAC on C atoms X* no. of mole of Cx Hy = 1* no. of mole of CO2 -----------------------( i )

X* 10 = 20 So X = 20/10= 2 Apply POAC on H atoms Y* no. of moles of Cx Hy = 2* no. of mole of H2O -----------------( ii ) Apply POAC on O atoms 2* no. of moles of O2 = 1* no. of mole of H2O+2* no. of mole of CO2 From eq. (ii) 2* no. of moles of O2 = y/2* no. of mole of Cx Hy + 2* no. of mole of CO2 2*30 = Y/2*10 + 2 *20 20 = 10Y/2 Y=4 Put the value of X and Y in Cx Hy The molecular formula of hydrocarbon is C2H4

TRY TO SOLVE FOLLOWING QUESTION

Q.2 7.5 ml of hydrocarbon gas was exploded with excess of oxygen. On cooling it was found to have undergone a contraction of 15 ml. if vapour density of hydrocarbon is 14. Determine its molecular formula.

Solution ( HINT ) :- molecular wt.= 2* vapour density

Answer:- C2H4

Q.3 7.5 ml of hydrocarbon gas was exploded with 36 ml.of oxygen. The vol. of gases on cooling was found to be 28.5 ml., 15 ml. of which was absorbed by KOH and the rest was absorbed in a solution of alkaline pyrogallol. If all vol. are measured under the same conditions, determine the molecular formula of hydrocarbon. Answer:- C2H4