November 14, 2013

WESTWARD MOVEMENT AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF PLANTATION SLAVERY Origins of growth of black belt o From eastern seaboard to other parts (west Louisiana purchase) o Coastal vs. Miss. (Western movement) o Black belt = Louisiana Purchase; with movement of people came slaves Slow process; slavery appeared to be on the decline especially in the North where slavery was slowly being outlawed state by state. However as Westward lands opened up and New England merchants began bringing Africans although international slave trade was outlawed o Southern planters experimentation with cotton began surfacing and paying off Adventurous men began buying land and slaves in the newly land 1786 - Suppression of the slave trade; Jefferson and Franklin urged the freeing of slaves Prohibited bringing new African slaves in Virginia 1807 - last year that slaves brought from Africa/Islands to N. America legally though slaves still brought illegally Southerners being elected the presidency and preserving the slavery interests of the Southern states o 1802 - Even while slavery was being outlawed in the North, Jefferson prohibited Blacks from voting Laws were also created to exclude Blacks from certain work = relegating Blacks to other lower-class lower paying jobs (nigger work) Society had to find new groups of people to do the work that Whites wouldnt (Irish, German immigrants) New wave of immigrants played great impact on upward mobility of Blacks o Land Lottery Similar to the lottery except no one paid for land because it was free land Some would just find a plot and work it to lay claim to it o 1793 - Invention of the Cotton Gin, Eli Whitney

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Some say that Blacks already invented the machine already in a less sophisticated form, and Whitney was just the first person to be able to patent what was already in use by his or other slaves 1792 - 13 thousand bails = cotton produced 1817 469 thousand bails 1840 over 2 million bail 1850 4 million bails Birth of the cotton industry created high demand for slaves thereby increasing the number of slaves o War of 1812 Against Britain over Impression; kidnapping and forcing people o work as marines (sailors in the British Navy) Andrew Jackson introduced as a general Col. William Perry used abt 400 Blacks in his regiment Jackson used 500 Blacks in New Orleans; promised them $125 and 160 acres of land (enough to be completely self-sufficient) End of the war helped expand the growing Cotton Kingdom Problem = Native Americans Jackson took it upon himself to move them out or run them out of the land he and others wanted for the common man in the land lottery Hailed as a champion of the common man o Florida Tri-Racial Society Whites, Indians, and Blacks both free and runaway Could be said to be Qua-Racial (Spanish Tampa) but at the time Spanish counted as White (European) Metal and guns traded to the Native Americans to support family Domestic slave trade o Virginia, Maryland, N. Carolina, Kentucky had more slave that they needed, breeding producing excess amts.; addtl slaves could be sold to the further Southern states o Majority of Black people in Florida, Georgia,etc. came from the more northern Southern states previously listed 1820 triracial; Seminole, Black, White

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1830 white majority 1840 Black majority 1850 Black population increases 1860 Black population double that of white population Small land owners took advantage of land lottery to sell to elite whites who consolidated disparate land creating a planter class in the Deep South leading to the cotton kingdom Peculiar Institution o Slavery intensified due to Westward movement and domestic slave trade o 1830-1860- Virginia imported 300 thousand slaves due to decline of tobacco & greed (selling slaves) o Women baring a lot kids were set free (???) o T. Jefferson said that about every 2 yrs. A child should be born; mother works a yr and then get pregnant and have another child (rinse, repeat) o S. Carolina children of slaves counted as animals under agricultural census (every 10yrs) o Detail of agricultural lists livestock growth/decline and lists how many slaves were owned therefore ages can be gauged o Taxes (Every year) include estate records; ways to acct for slaves and property.