International Journal of Applied Mathematics

& Statistical Sciences (IJAMSS)

ISSN(P): 2319-3972; ISSN(E): 2319-3980
Vol. 3, Issue 1, Jan 2014, 63-70
© IASET

COMMON FIXED POINT THEOREMS IN HILBERT SPACE

ARVIND KUMAR SHARMA1, V. H. BADSHAH2 & V. K. GUPTA3

1
Department of Engineering Mathematics, M.I.T.M, Ujjain, Madhya Pradesh, India
2
School of Studies in Mathematics, Vikram University, Ujjain, Madhya Pradesh, India
3
Department of Mathematics, Government Madhav Science College, Ujjain, Madhya Pradesh, India

ABSTRACT

The aim of this present paper is to obtain a common fixed point for continuous self mappings on Hilbert space.
Our purpose here is to generalize the our previous result [3]

KEYWORDS: Common Fixed Point, Hilbert Space, Continuous Self Mappings

2010 Mathematics Subject Classification: 47H10.

INTRODUCTION

Kannan [3] proved that a self mapping T on complete metric space (X,d) satisfying the condition

d ( x, y )    d ( x, Tx)  d ( y, Ty )  for all x, y in X where 0 <  <

1
has a unique fixed in (X,d).
2

Koparde and Waghmode [5] have proved fixed point theorem for a self mappings T on a closed subset S of
Hilbert space H, satisfying the Kannan type condition

Tx  T y
2
 2
  x  T x  y  Ty
2
 for all x, y in S and x  y ;0  a  1
2

Koparde and Waghmode [5] also extended this result to the pair of mappings T 1 and T2 and to their power p,q are
some positive integers.

In this paper we have obtained a unique fixed point for self mapping satisfying rational inequality

 x  Tx 2  y  Ty 2  1
Tx  Ty       x  y for all x, y in S and x  y ;    0,   0 and 2    1.
x  Tx  y  Ty 2
 

In a Hilbert space

MAIN RESULTS

We proved followingg fixed point theorems.

Theorem 1: Let S be a closed subset of a Hilbert space H. Let T be a self mappings on S satisfying the following condition

 x  Tx 2  y  Ty 2  1
Tx  Ty       x  y for all x, y in S and x  y ;    0,   0 and 2    1.
 x  Tx  y  Ty  2

Then T has a unique common fixed point.

64 Arvind Kumar Sharma, V. H. Badshah & V. K. Gupta

Proof: Let S be a closed subset of a Hilbert space H . Let T be a self mappings on S. Let x0  S be any arbitrary
point in S.

Define a sequence xn n1 in S by



xn1  Txn  Tn1x0 , for n  0,1, 2, ....

Suppose that xn1  xn for n  0,1, 2, ....

For any integer n ≥ 1.

xn 1  xn  Txn  Txn 1

 2
 xn  Txn  xn 1  Txn 1
2 

     xn  xn 1
 x  Txn  xn 1  Txn 1 
 n 

2 2
xn  xn 1  xn 1  xn
   xn  xn 1
xn  xn 1  xn 1  xn

 xn  xn1 
2
 xn1  xn
   xn  xn1
xn  xn 1  xn 1  xn

  xn  xn 1   xn 1  xn   xn  xn 1

  xn 1  xn   xn  xn 1   xn  xn 1

i.e. xn 1  xn   xn 1  xn   xn  xn 1   xn  xn 1

 (1   ) xn 1  xn  (   ) xn  xn 1

 
 xn1  xn  xn  xn1
1

 
If k  then k  1.
1- 

xn 1  xn  k xn  xn 1

 k xn  xn 1  k 2 xn 1  xn  2  k 3 xn  2  xn 3  ...  k n x1  x0

i.e. xn 1  xn  k n x1  x0 for all n  1 is integer .

Now for any positive integer m  n  1

xn  xm  xn  xn 1  xn 1  xn  2  ...  xm1  xm

 k n x1  x0  k n 1 x1  x0  ...  k m 1 x1  x0
Common Fixed Point Theorems in Hilbert Space 65

 k n x1  x0 1 k  ...  k mn 1


 kn 
i.e. xn  xm   x x  0 as n   (k  1)
 1  k  1 0
 


Therefore xn n1 is a Cauchy sequence.


Since S is a closed subset of a Hilbert space H, so xn n1 converges to a point u in S.

Now we will show that u is common fixed point of self mappings T from S into S.

Suppose that Tu  u .

Consider

u  T u  u  xn  xn  T u

 xn  T u

 T xn 1  T u

 2
 xn 1  Txn 1  u  Tu
2 

     xn 1  u
 x  Txn 1  u  Tu 
 n 1 


 xn1  xn  u  Tmu
2 2


     xn1  u
 xn1  xn  u  Tmu
 


i.e. u  T u    xn1  xn  u  T u    xn1  u

(1   ) u  T u   xn 1  xn   xn 1  u  0 as n

So u  T u  0.

Hence u  T u .

Hence u is a common fixed point of self mappings T.

Uniqueness: Suppose that there is u  w such that T w  w .

Consider u  w  Tu  Tw


 u  Tu  w  Tw 
2 2

    u w
 u  Tu  w  Tw 
 

  u  Tu   w  Tw   u  w

i.e. uw   uw

66 Arvind Kumar Sharma, V. H. Badshah & V. K. Gupta

 uw  0

Thus u  w .

Hence fixed point is unique.

Theorem 2: Let S be a closed subset of a Hilbert space H. Let T1 and T2 are self mappings on S satisfying the following
condition

 x  T x 2  y  T y 2  1
T1 x  T2 y       x  y for all x, y in S and x  y ;    0,   0 and 2    1.
1 2

 x  T1 x  y  T2 y  2

Then T1 and T2 have a unique common fixed point.

Proof: Let S be a closed subset of a Hilbert space H . Let T1 and T2 are self mappings on S. Let x0  S be any

arbitrary point in S.

Define a sequence xn n1 in S by



x2n1  T1 x2n 

 for n  0,1, 2, ... .
x2n 2  T2 x2n1 


Suppose that xn2  xn1  xn for n  0,1, 2, ....

Consider

x1  x2  T1 x0  T2 x1

 2
 x0  T1 x0  x1  T2 x1
2 

     x0  x1
 x0  T1 x0  x1  T2 x1 
 

2 2
x0  x1  x1  x2
   x0  x1
x0  x1  x1  x2

  x0  x1   x1  x2   x0  x1

i.e. x1  x2   x0  x1   x1  x2   x0  x1

 (1   ) x1  x2  (   ) x0  x1

(   )
 x1  x2  x0  x1
(1   )

 
If k  then k  1.
1- 

x1  x2  k x0  x1

Now
Common Fixed Point Theorems in Hilbert Space 67

x2  x3  T2 x1  T1 x2
 T1 x2  T2 x1

 2
 x2  T1 x2  x1  T2 x1
2 

     x2  x1
 x2  T1 x2  x1  T2 x1 
 

2 2
x2  x3  x1  x2
   x2  x1
x2  x3  x1  x2

i.e. x2  x3   x2  x3   x1  x2   x2  x1

 (1   ) x2  x3  (   ) x1  x2

(   )
 x2  x3  x1  x2
(1   )

 
If k  then k  1.
1- 

x2  x3  k x1  x2
 k 2 x0  x1

i.e. x2  x3  k 2 x0  x1

Hence by induction we get for integer n ≥ 1

xn  xn1  k n x0  x1

Or

xn1  xn  k n x1  x0

Now for any positive integer m  n 1

xn  xm  xn  xn 1  xn 1  xn  2  ...  xm1  xm

 k n x1  x0  k n 1 x1  x0  ...  k m 1 x1  x0

 k n x1  x0 1 k  ...  k mn 1


 kn 
i.e. xn  xm   x x  0 as n   (k  1)
 1  k  1 0
 


Therefore xn n1 is a Cauchy sequence.


Since S is a closed subset of a Hilbert space H, so xn n1 converges to a point u in S.

Now we will show that u is common fixed point of the pair of mappings T1 and T2 from S into S.
68 Arvind Kumar Sharma, V. H. Badshah & V. K. Gupta

First we will show that u is fixed point of T1. .

Suppose that T1u  u

Consider

u  T1u  u  x2n2  x2n2  T1u

 x2n2  T1u

 T2 x2 n 1  T1u
 T1u  T2 x2 n 1


 u  T1u  x2 n1  T2 x2 n1 
2 2

     u  x2 n1
 u  T1u  x2 n1  T2 x2 n1 
 


 u  T1u  x2 n1  x2 n 2
2 2


     u  x2 n1
 u  T1u  x2 n1  x2 n 2
 


i.e. u  T1u    u  T1u  x2 n1  x2 n2   u  x2 n1

(1   ) u  T1u   x2n 1  x2n  2   u  x2n 1  0 as n  

So u  T1u  0.

Hence u  T1u .

Similarly we can prove that u is fixed point of T2.

Hence u is a common fixed point of mappings T1 and T2

Uniqueness: Suppose that there is w  u such that T2 w  w .

Consider u  w  T1u  T2 w


 u  T1u  w  T2 w 
2 2

    u w
 u  T u  w  T w 
 1 2


  u  T1u   w  T2 w   u  w

i.e. uw   uw

 uw 0

Thus u  w.

Similarly v  S if is such that T1v  v then u  v

Common Fixed Point Theorems in Hilbert Space 69

Hence u is unique common fixed point of T1 and T2.

Corollary

Let p and q be two positive integers such that operators T 1p and T2q :S→S where S is closed subset of Hilbert
space H,satisfy the inequality

 2 2
 x  T1
p
x  y  T2
q
y  1
T1p x  T2q y       x  y for all x, y in S and x  y ;    0,   0 and 2    1.
 x  T1 x  y  T2 y 
p q 2
 

Then T1 and T2 have a unique common fixed point.

Proof: By the above theorem, the T1p and T2q have a unique common fixed point, say u  S
.

Since u  T1p u

therefore 
T1 u  T1 T1p u 
 T1p  T1u 

i.e. T1u is also a fixed point of T1p .But by above theorem T1p has a unique fixed point.

Therefore, T1 u  u.

Similarly T2 u  u.

Hence u is common fixed point of T1 and T2.

For uniqueness ,if w is a another common fixed point of T 1 and T2,then clearly w is a also a common fixed point
of T1 and T2q
p

This gives w = u.

This completes the proof.

Example: Let X = [0, 1], with Euclidean metric d .Then {X, d} is a Hilbert space with the norm defined by

d ( x, y)  x  y .

 1
 ( n 1)/2 x0 when n is odd
  2.6
Let  xn n 1 
 1 x0 when n is even
 6n /2

be the sequence in X

and let Let T1 and T2 are self mappings on X defined by

x x
T1  x   and T2  x  
3 2
70 Arvind Kumar Sharma, V. H. Badshah & V. K. Gupta

 xn n1 is a Cauchy sequence in X, which


Clearly T1 and T2 are are satisfy the rational inequality. Also sequence

is converges in X also it has a common point in X.

CONCLUSIONS

In this paper we replace Kannan inequality by rational inequality The theorems proved in this paper by using
rational inequality is improved and stronger form of some earlier inequality given by Kannan [3], Koparde and
Waghmode [5]. We have obtained a unique fixed point for self mapping satisfying rational inequality extended this result
to the pair of mappings T1 and T2 and to their power p,q are some positive integers.

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3. Kannan, R., (1968) Some results on fixed points, Bull. Calcutta Math. Soc. 60,71-76.

4. Koparde, P.V. and Waghmode, B.B. (1991): On sequence of mappings in Hilbert space, The Mathematics
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