CSSGB Exam Questions

1. Which option does not reflect how replication affects an experiment. a. Increase the treatment effects b. Better estimate of the error of experiments. c. Improve precision of experiments. d. Better estimate of the treatment effects. Solution: a. Replication can be done without increasing treatment effects. 2. Blocking is valid for all except: a. A blocking factor has 2 levels. b. A block segments the experiment c. Blocks contribute to getting more random samples d. A block of trials would be run together. Solution: a. Blocking variables can have as many levels as desired. 3. Which statement about confounding is true: a. Variables are confounded if their effects are not separable. b. Variables are confounded due to complexity. c. Variables are confounded if the same effects are produced. d. Variables are confounded if they are collinear. Solution: a. Variables are confounded if their effects are not seperable. 4. A sequence of four replications consists of a. One experiment with three repetitions. b. One experiment with three levels. c. One experiment with three factors. d. Planned grouping with four blocks. Solution: a. One experiment with three repetitions is four replications. 5. A 4^3 experiment describes: a. Four levels of three factors b. Three levels of three factors c. Four factors at three levels d. Full factorial randomized block experiment Solution: a. Four levels of three factors. 6. Designed experiments: a. Can use quantitative and qualitative data b. Must use quantitative data only c. Should be normally distributed d. Must be tracked with a control chart Solution: a. Can use quantitative and qualitative data. 7. Designed experiments support Improvement by a. Replicating results within a balanced design quicker than trial and error methods b. Following a sequential cycle. c. Expanding complexity of analysis. d. Charting processes with control limits. Solution: a. Replicating results through main effects and interaction effects. 8. Full Factorial experiments with 2 levels of 3 factors will require how many trials?

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Daniel Zrymiak Author/Compiler

CSSGB Exam Questions

a. b. c. d. 8 9 6 4

Solution: a. 2^3 = 2 X 2 X 2 = 8 trials since in Full Factorial all trials must be run. 9. Confounding is defined by a. Mixing main effects and interaction effects of an experiment b. Complicating experiments c. Reversing Average and Range data on control charts d. Discovering the effects of an experiment. Solution: a. Mixing main effects and interaction effects of an experiment. 10. The following definitions are correct except: a. A replication is a group of treatments and levels that indicates the required experiments. b. Randomization is a technique to increase experimental validity. c. Treatments are the levels assigned to each factor. d. Factors are studied for their impact on a process. Solution: a. A block is a group of treatments, Replications are additional experiments to better estimate experimental error. 11. The items are valid objectives for Design of Experiments except. a. Compliance to external standards b. Comparative c. Screening d. Optimization Solution: a. Compliance to external standards is not a valid objective.

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Daniel Zrymiak Author/Compiler

CSSGB Exam Questions

1. A p-chart showing high levels of defectives can be improved by the following except: a. Applying 100% inspection. b. Revising the design. c. Revising the process. d. Substituting inferior materials and components with superior alternatives. Solution: a. Applying 100% inspection will not improve quality, and is flawed by human error. 2. Control charts are necessary to: a. Identify process variation assignable to causes. b. Investigate root causes. c. Monitor operator productivity d. Demonstrate quality function deployment Solution: a. Identify non-random process variation. 3. A special cause of process variation is: a. Assignable to a correctable problem. b. A normal event. c. Inherent in the process d. Only changeable with corporate quality objectives Solution: a. Assignable to a correctable problem, unlike common causes which are inherent. 4. Inherent process variation is distinct from all except: a. Common causes b. Piece to Piece variation c. Time to Time variation d. Product Spread Solution: a. Common causes are inherent process variation which remains after other causes of variation are eliminated. 5. Rational subgrouping for variables charts commonly separates a. Within time vs. Time to Time variation b. Within place vs. Place to Place variation c. Within operator vs. Operator to Operator variation d. Within piece vs. Piece to Piece variation Solution: a. Within time vs. Time to Time variation. Rational Subgrouping manages time to affect shiftwork, process wear and tear, and inherent cycles. 6. The following items can identify Key Process Variables for analysis except: a. Corporate Quality Policy b. Design of Experiments c. Customer Requirements d. Statistical ANOVA methods Solution: a. Corporate Quality Policy is too high level to be effective. 7. The D4 factor is used in Variables control charts to a. Calculate the Upper Control limit b. Calculate the Lower Control limit c. Define the levels for an experimental run d. Prevent confounding of Main Effects and Interaction Effects

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Daniel Zrymiak Author/Compiler

CSSGB Exam Questions

Solution: a. Calculate the Upper Control limit of the Range chart. 8. When analyzing a variables chart measuring Averages and Ranges, if Averages are within control and Ranges increase, there is a risk of: a. The mean being out of control b. The mean increasing over time c. The mean decreasing over time d. The mean trending closer to the center. Solution: a. If the range increases, the spread of results is increasing to the point where X-bar could exceed the upper or lower control limit. 9. When analyzing a control chart and finding an out-of-control trend: a. Investigate the process for assignable causes. b. Maintain the status quo c. Immediately adjust the process d. Stop recording and switch to Pre-Control methods Solution: a. Investigate the process. 10. Pre-Control charts offer the following advantages except a. Permanent record of process controls for audit trail b. Application of customer specifications. c. Applicable for both attributes and variables d. Simplicity and ease of use Solution: a. Pre-control does not require recording of process adjustments. 11. Short run charts support the process by: a. Plotting and controlling small production runs b. Applying pre-control c. Monitoring moving average and moving range d. Preventing confounding of Main Effects and Interaction Effects. Solution: a. Short run charts plot and control small production runs. 12. Measuring systems would need revisiting after improvements because. a. Lower variation will increase the need for precision. b. Compliance to external standards c. Necessary prerequisite for Six Sigma certification d. Measuring systems must be deactivated Solution: a. Lower variation in the process will affect control limits, which will impair the ability to detect variation at an early stage.

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Daniel Zrymiak Author/Compiler