Sutra 1:1 Source: Sanskrit transliteration from The Yoga Sutras of Patanjali (Sri Swami Satchidananda) ATHA YOGANUSASANAM.

Source: English translation from The Yoga Sutras of Patanjali (Sri Swami Satchidananda) Now the exposition of Yoga is being made. Source: Sanskrit transliteration from Light on the Yoga Sutras of Patanjali (B.K.S. Iyengar) atha yoganusasanam Source: English translation from Light on the Yoga Sutras of Patanjali (B.K.S. Iyengar) With prayers for divine blessings, now begins an exposition of the sacred art of yoga. Source: How to Know God: The Yoga Aphorisms of Patanjali (Swami Prabhavananda, Christopher Isherwood) This is the beginning of instruction in yoga. Source: English translation from The Heart of Yoga (T.K.V. Desikachar) Here begins the authoritative instruction on Yoga. Source: Sanskrit transliteration of the Yoga Sutras of Patanjali (Swami Jnaneshvara Bharati) atha yoga anushasanam Source: English translation of the Yoga Sutras of Patanjali (Swami Jnaneshvara Bharati) Now, after having done prior preparation through life and other practices, the study and practice of Yoga begins. Sutra 1:2 Source: Sanskrit transliteration from The Yoga Sutras of Patanjali (Sri Swami Satchidananda) YOGAS CITTA VRTTI NIRODHAH. Source: English translation from The Yoga Sutras of Patanjali (Sri Swami Satchidananda) The restraint of the modifications of the mind-stuff is Yoga. Source: Sanskrit transliteration from Light on the Yoga Sutras of Patanjali (B.K.S. Iyengar) yogah cittavrtti nirodhah Source: English translation from Light on the Yoga Sutras of Patanjali (B.K.S. Iyengar) Yoga is the cessation of movements in the consciousness. Source: How to Know God: The Yoga Aphorisms of Patanjali (Swami Prabhavananda, Christopher Isherwood) Yoga is the control of thought-waves in the mind. Source: English translation from The Heart of Yoga (T.K.V. Desikachar) Yoga is the ability to direct the mind exclusively toward an object and sustain that direction without any distractions.

Source: Sanskrit transliteration of the Yoga Sutras of Patanjali (Swami Jnaneshvara Bharati) yogash chitta vritti nirodhah Source: English translation of the Yoga Sutras of Patanjali (Swami Jnaneshvara Bharati) Yoga is the control (nirodhah, regulation, channeling, mastery, integration, coordination, stilling, quieting, setting aside) of the modifications (gross and subtle thought patterns) of the mind field. Sutra 1:3 Source: Sanskrit transliteration from The Yoga Sutras of Patanjali (Sri Swami Satchidananda) TADA DRASTUH SVARUPE VASTHANAM. Source: English translation from The Yoga Sutras of Patanjali (Sri Swami Satchidananda) Then the Seer [Self] abides in His own nature. Source: Sanskrit transliteration from Light on the Yoga Sutras of Patanjali (B.K.S. Iyengar) tada drastuh svarupe avasthanam Source: English translation from Light on the Yoga Sutras of Patanjali (B.K.S. Iyengar) Then, the seer dwells in his own true splendour. Source: How to Know God: The Yoga Aphorisms of Patanjali (Swami Prabhavananda, Christopher Isherwood) Then man abides in his real nature. Source: English translation from The Heart of Yoga (T.K.V. Desikachar) Then the ability to understand the object fully and correctly is apparent. Source: Sanskrit transliteration of the Yoga Sutras of Patanjali (Swami Jnaneshvara Bharati) tada drashtuh svarupe avasthanam Source: English translation of the Yoga Sutras of Patanjali (Swami Jnaneshvara Bharati) Then the Seer abides in Itself, resting in its own True Nature, which is called Self-realization. Sutra 1:4 Source: Sanskrit transliteration from The Yoga Sutras of Patanjali (Sri Swami Satchidananda) VRTTI SARUPYAM ITARATRA. Source: English translation from The Yoga Sutras of Patanjali (Sri Swami Satchidananda) At other times [the Self appears to] assume the forms of the mental modifications. Source: Sanskrit transliteration from Light on the Yoga Sutras of Patanjali (B.K.S. Iyengar) vrtti sarupyam itaratra Source: English translation from Light on the Yoga Sutras of Patanjali (B.K.S. Iyengar) At other times, the seer identifies with the fluctuating consciousness.

Source: How to Know God: The Yoga Aphorisms of Patanjali (Swami Prabhavananda, Christopher Isherwood) At other times, when he is not in the state of yoga, man remains identified with the thoughtwaves in the mind. Source: English translation from The Heart of Yoga (T.K.V. Desikachar) The ability to understand the object is simply replaced by the mind's conception of that object or by a total lack of comprehension. Source: Sanskrit transliteration of the Yoga Sutras of Patanjali (Swami Jnaneshvara Bharati) vritti sarupyam itaratra Source: English translation of the Yoga Sutras of Patanjali (Swami Jnaneshvara Bharati) At other times, when one is not in Self-realization, the Seer appears to take on the form of the modifications of the mind field, taking on the identity of those thought patterns. Sutra 1:5 Source: Sanskrit transliteration from The Yoga Sutras of Patanjali (Sri Swami Satchidananda) VRTTAYAH PANCATAYYAH KLISTA AKLISTAH. Source: English translation from The Yoga Sutras of Patanjali (Sri Swami Satchidananda) There are five kinds of mental modifications which are either painful or painless. Source: Sanskrit transliteration from Light on the Yoga Sutras of Patanjali (B.K.S. Iyengar) vrttayah pancatayyah klista aklistah Source: English translation from Light on the Yoga Sutras of Patanjali (B.K.S. Iyengar) The movements of consciousness are fivefold. They may be cognizable or non-cognizable, painful or non-painful. Source: How to Know God: The Yoga Aphorisms of Patanjali (Swami Prabhavananda, Christopher Isherwood) There are five kinds of thought-waves -- some painful, others not painful. Source: English translation from The Heart of Yoga (T.K.V. Desikachar) There are five activities of the mind. Each of them can be beneficial and each can cause problems. Source: Sanskrit transliteration of the Yoga Sutras of Patanjali (Swami Jnaneshvara Bharati) vrittayah pancatayah klishta aklishta Source: English translation of the Yoga Sutras of Patanjali (Swami Jnaneshvara Bharati) Those gross and subtle thought patterns (vrittis) fall into five varieties, of which some are colored (klishta) and others are uncolored (aklishta). Sutra 1:6 Source: Sanskrit transliteration from The Yoga Sutras of Patanjali (Sri Swami Satchidananda) PRAMANA VIRARYAYA VIKALPA NIDRA SMRTAYAH.

Source: English translation from The Yoga Sutras of Patanjali (Sri Swami Satchidananda) They are right knowledge, misconception, verbal delusion, sleep and memory. Source: Sanskrit transliteration from Light on the Yoga Sutras of Patanjali (B.K.S. Iyengar) pramana viparyaya vikalpa nidra smrtayah Source: English translation from Light on the Yoga Sutras of Patanjali (B.K.S. Iyengar) They are caused by correct knowledge, illusion, delusion, sleep and memory. Source: How to Know God: The Yoga Aphorisms of Patanjali (Swami Prabhavananda, Christopher Isherwood) These five kinds of thought-waves are: right knowledge, wrong knowledge, verbal delusion, sleep and memory. Source: English translation from The Heart of Yoga (T.K.V. Desikachar) The five activities are comprehension, misapprehension, imagination, deep sleep, and memory. Source: Sanskrit transliteration of the Yoga Sutras of Patanjali (Swami Jnaneshvara Bharati) pramana viparyaya vikalpa nidra smritayah Source: English translation of the Yoga Sutras of Patanjali (Swami Jnaneshvara Bharati) The five varieties of thought patterns to witness are: 1) knowing correctly (pramana), 2) incorrect knowing (viparyaya), 3) fantasy or imagination (vikalpa), 4) the object of void-ness that is deep sleep (nidra), and 5) recollection or memory (smriti). Sutra 1:7 Source: Sanskrit transliteration from The Yoga Sutras of Patanjali (Sri Swami Satchidananda) PRATYAKSANUMANAGAMAH PRAMANANI. Source: English translation from The Yoga Sutras of Patanjali (Sri Swami Satchidananda) The sources of right knowledge are direct perception, inference and scriptural testimony. Source: Sanskrit transliteration from Light on the Yoga Sutras of Patanjali (B.K.S. Iyengar) pratyaksa anumana agamah pramanani Source: English translation from Light on the Yoga Sutras of Patanjali (B.K.S. Iyengar) Correct knowledge is direct, inferred or proven as factual. Source: How to Know God: The Yoga Aphorisms of Patanjali (Swami Prabhavananda, Christopher Isherwood) The right kinds of knowledge are: direct perception, inference and scriptural testimony. Source: English translation from The Heart of Yoga (T.K.V. Desikachar) Comprehension is based on direct observation of the object, inference, and reference to reliable authorities. Source: Sanskrit transliteration of the Yoga Sutras of Patanjali (Swami Jnaneshvara Bharati) pratyaksha anumana agamah pramanani

Source: English translation of the Yoga Sutras of Patanjali (Swami Jnaneshvara Bharati) Of these five, there are three ways of gaining correct knowledge (pramana): 1) perception, 2) inference, and 3) testimony or verbal communication from others who have knowledge. Sutra 1:8 Source: Sanskrit transliteration from The Yoga Sutras of Patanjali (Sri Swami Satchidananda) VIPARYAYO MITHYAJNANAM ATADRUPA PRATISTHAM. Source: English translation from The Yoga Sutras of Patanjali (Sri Swami Satchidananda) Misconception occurs when knowledge of something is not based upon its true form. Source: Sanskrit transliteration from Light on the Yoga Sutras of Patanjali (B.K.S. Iyengar) viparyayah mithyajnanam atadrupa pratistham Source: English translation from Light on the Yoga Sutras of Patanjali (B.K.S. Iyengar) Illusory or erroneous knowledge is based on non-fact or the non-real. Source: How to Know God: The Yoga Aphorisms of Patanjali (Swami Prabhavananda, Christopher Isherwood) Wrong knowledge is knowledge which is false and not based upon the true nature of its object. Source: English translation from The Heart of Yoga (T.K.V. Desikachar) Misapprehension is that comprehension that is taken to be correct until more favorable conditions reveal the actual nature of the object. Source: Sanskrit transliteration of the Yoga Sutras of Patanjali (Swami Jnaneshvara Bharati) viparyayah mithya jnanam atad rupa pratistham Source: English translation of the Yoga Sutras of Patanjali (Swami Jnaneshvara Bharati) Incorrect knowledge or illusion (viparyaya) is false knowledge formed by perceiving a thing as being other than what it really is.