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RIMT COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE

ASSIGNMENT ON
INTERIOR DESIGNING

SUBMITTED BY: MEGHNA, 6TH SEM, ROLL NO.21

QUES 1: EXPLAIN ANY 4-5 ELEMENTS OF INTERIOR DESIGN BY TAKING RELEVANT EXAMPLES. ANS: For creating anything beautiful some necessary basic elements
are necessary. From nature, man has picked up a few elements of art as pattern, line, colour, form, texture and light. 1. LINE: Line is the basic element that represents continuous movement along a surface. The lines in a room are important in setting the overall mood or feeling of a room. Usually the dominant line is straight rather than curved. Edges of shapes and forms create lines. The choice of and direction of lines in a room should be based on the mood you want to create. Horizontal lines create a peaceful, if informal feeling, ideal for a family room. Vertical lines add height and dignity and balance horizontal lines found in furniture and other objects. Curved lines are feminine and soft, giving a room an atmosphere that is soft and light. Diagonal lines attract attention which can be disturbing, so should be used with caution.

2. COLOR: More than any other element, color can make a room
beautiful. Color can set the mood. It can make a room warmer or cooler, larger or smaller. It can hide unsightly features or call attention to the center of interest. Even with the simplest furnishings, the proper use of color can transform a room.

3.TEXTURE: Texture is the surface characteristics of objects. It refers to the roughness, smoothness, shine or dullness, softness or stiffness, its weight and fall, so on. Texture gives character and beauty to objects. Rough texture absorbs more light and smooth surface reflects light. So in small dark rooms smoother textured material should be used to reflect more light, whereas

large rooms with more light can show rough textures gracefully. Texture in homes refers to wall finish, rugs, wood work, oil paintings or woods used for furniture's.

4.SPACE: Space defines the boundaries and sets the limits on the functional and decorative things you can do. Usually you will not determine the space; instead, you will be faced with the challenge of using the existing space effectively.

5. LIGHT: Light is very closely related to both colour and texture. In fact, colour has no existence without light. A variety of moods and effects may be obtained by the clever use of light and shade.

QUES2: WHAT ARE THE VARIOUS MATERIALS THAT FORMS TEXTURE DIFFERENCE IN INTERIORS? ANS: natural elements create a unique visual effect and all visual effects have a corresponding effect on human mind. That's why when used carefully textures can create wonders in interior design. The most commonly used materials in interior design and decoration are wood for furniture, cloth for linen, rubber/leather for flooring or upholstery, paper as wallpapers, plastic for accessories like lampshades and other decorative items, steel for furniture. 1. WOOD: Most commonly used for furniture, door frames, shutters. A fully polished wood surface gives a very rich finish and projects user friendliness. Also wood comes in

many varieties and colors, each having its own pros and

cons.

2. CLOTH: A very natural choice for linen. Since a cloth finish is a smooth one it is most suitable in a bedroom where comfort is a very vital factor. Cloth has one more important quality that it can be "painted" for expressing detailed decorative patterns, that can greatly add to the beauty of the space. Depending upon the weave of the cloth strands the thickness, transparency, etc. can be easily achieved. This makes the cloth most suitable for various kinds of uses such as linen, curtains, bed sheets, etc.

3. RUBBER/LEATHER: Rubber is used in the form of PVC flooring, is easily available and most importantly is wash proof and durable. It can be printed upon using design patterns of any style, rich with colors.

4. PLASTIC: There are infinite uses of this great material. The biggest advantage of plastic is it is waterproof and electrical shockproof. That's why mainly used for electrical accessories. It is lightweight as compared to other material types. Entire furniture pieces such as chairs, tables can be easily molded out as a seamless model in plastic.

5. STEEL/IRON: Steel is mostly used in interior design where the main purpose is to give support and carry weight to the floor. Because of its shining nature, it very quickly gives a rich quality to the object being used on and enhances the overall quality of the interior space. Furniture objects that have been designed with a combination of wood and steel look much balanced from aesthetic point of view.

QUES3: WHAT IS THE ROLE OF SCALE IN INTERIOR DESIGN? ANS: Having a good sense of scale is very important in the practice of interior design. we naturally sense when objects are "in scale" or "out of scale" with their surroundings or with each other. Scale is the size relationship of one object to another. From our very earliest years, we develop the habit of looking at scale.

A basic principle of interior design states that all elements in a good design must be in scale to the human body. This makes a lot of sense, because interior spaces are designed for the occupancy and use of human beings. For example, seating pieces must be a size that can be easily used by the human figure. If the seat is too high or low, the whole purpose of the design is defeated.

A large overstuffed sofa requires an equally large coffee table. Scale can imply meaning as in the image below. The larger circle confronts the smaller circle communicating pressure

and intimidation. The larger circle dominates the smaller circle.

In design when we talk about scale were usually talking about size. We often compare and contrast objects with terms from opposite ends of the scale. Bigger and smaller for example. Contrast only exists within a scale. Objects contrast through scale and the greater the difference along the scale the greater and better the contrast. When scale is in harmony, its in proportion. The relative size of elements works.

Thus, Size and scale are design elements that allow us to manipulate the ideas of many different design principles.

The scale of this adorable console will fit nicely in a small entry hall.

Use of large patterned wallpaper for a dramatic effect.

The large scale of the framed mirror and console are appropriate against the large scaled rock wall. Nothing here looks wimpy or bulky. QUES4: INTERIOR DESIGN IS A TOOL TO ENHANCE THE FUNCTIONAL EFFICIENCY OF AN INTERIOR SPACE. ELABORATE. ANS: In interior design, form should follow function. It's the job of an interior designer to create an extremely usable space and then make it beautiful. Experienced designers know a variety of tricks to enhance the practical function of a space without limiting its visual allure. LIGHTING: lighting is the key to the function and safety of all spaces. Lighting may be hidden under cabinets, recessed or come from a genuine work of art like a Tiffany or Waterford lamp.

FLOOR PLANNING: A designer starts with a good floor plan to ensure that logical pathways between entrances and exits are kept clear. Appropriate space must be left for all anticipated activities.

WORK SURFACES: A well-designed interior should provide as many work surfaces as is reasonable. Some may be obvious: table tops, for instance, while others may be more subtle, like fold-down laptop desks or tables with extendable leaves.

STORAGE: With function in mind, a designer should create as many storage spaces as possible, including using tables with drawers, hinged ottomans and storage benches.

STREAMLINE: A floor plan maximized for function can appear crowded. A designer will add decorative appeal with quality furnishings, flooring and a sedate wall color, while avoiding multiple accessories or excessive wall decor.

QUES5: EXPLAIN THE SCOPE, IMPORTANCE AND PURPOSE OF INTERIOR DESIGNING. ANS: SCOPE OF INTERIOR DESIGN: Earlier architects would do all the design work, both exteriors and interiors themselves. Of late people have become more conscious of the design, layout and placement of their interiors, for offices, factories as well as residences. This has opened the door for a large number of professional interior designers. Most interior designers specialise in a particular area. For example, some may concentrate on business design, while others focus on residential design and landscape designing. Still others may specialize further by focusing on particular rooms, such as kitchens or baths. Interior design is one of the fastest growing professional fields. There are lots of employment opportunities for interior designers in various fields. Interior Designers can find employment with architects or architectural firms, builders, public works department, hotel and resort chains, hospitals, town planning bureau, regional and metropolitan development works, private consultancies, studios and theaters and exhibition organizers. etc. They can also set up their own

business. Once they make a name, it is a very lucrative profession. Interior design offers excellent opportunities for those who wish to be self employed, or work part time. It is one of the few professions where one can operate from home with a minimal investment. IMPORTANCE OF INTERIOR DESIGN: Interior design impacts, influences and affects our world in many ways and in many different aspects; from the public bathrooms at the local football fields, to the most upper class hotel rooms in the city centre, to your very own kitchen. Without interior design a lot of minute yet important details would be over looked. Interior designing goes a long way in enhancing the aesthetics of public and private places. Public places need to be able to suit and be aesthetic to a number of different people whereas private homes are generally only designed on one or a couple of peoples tastes. Interior design in the work place is also very important . For example, doctors surgeries and hospitals; courthouses, jails and other places of law enforcement; schools and day care centres; Military establishments; restaurants and kitchens; etc.

PURPOSE OF INTERIOR DESIGNING: The purpose of interior design is to improve the function and enhance the aesthetics value and psychological aspects of intrior spaces. It aims to develop a regular basis by parts into one whole order of things. Organization of space is very important. Proper use of space for various activities leads to better functioning and beauty. There should be minimum circulation area and best use of available space for the activity to be performed. Turning an interior space into an effective sitting for the range of human activities.

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