Shingai Study Centre

A-Level Chemistry Test

ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS

1)Which property decreases down group 7 in the periodic table?

A.

Melting point

B.

Electronegativity

C.

Atomic radius

D.

Ionic radius

2)Which oxides produce an acidic solution when added to water?

I.

P4O10

II.

MgO

III.

SO3

A.

I and II only

B.

I and III only

C.

II and III only

D.

I, II and III

3)Which ion has the largest radius?

A.

Cl

B.

K+

C.

Br

D.

4)Which properties of the alkali metals decrease going down group 1?

A.

First ionization energy and reactivity

B.

Melting point and atomic radius

C.

Reactivity and electronegativity

D.

First ionization energy and melting point

5)Which statements about the periodic table are correct?

I.

The elements Mg, Ca and Sr have similar chemical properties.

II.

Elements in the same period have the same number of main energy levels.

III.

The oxides of Na, Mg and P are basic.

A.

I and II only

B.

I and III only

C.

II and III only

D.

I, II and III

6)Which is the best definition of electronegativity?

A.

Electronegativity is the energy required for a gaseous atom to gain an electron.

B.

Electronegativity is the attraction of an atom for a bonding pair of electrons.

C.

Electronegativity is the attraction between the nucleus and the valence electrons of an
atom.

D.

Electronegativity is the ability of an atom to attract electrons from another atom.

7)Which statements are correct for the reactions of Cl2, MgCl2 and SiCl4 with water?
Cl2

MgCl2

SiCl4

A.

forms a neutral solution

forms a neutral solution

no reaction

B.

forms an acidic solution

forms an acidic solution

forms an acidic solution

C.

forms an acidic solution

forms an acidic solution

no reaction

D.

forms a neutral solution

forms a neutral solution

forms an acidic solution

8)Consider the bonding and structure of the period 3 elements.

(a)

Explain the increase in the melting point from sodium to aluminium.

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(2)

(b)

Explain why sulfur, S8, has a higher melting point than phosphorus, P4.
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(2)

(c)

Explain why silicon has the highest melting point and argon has the lowest melting
point.
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(2)
(Total 6 marks)

9)The periodic table shows the relationship between electron arrangement and the properties of
elements and is a valuable tool for making predictions in chemistry.
(i)

Identify the property used to arrange the elements in the periodic table.
(1)

(ii)

Outline two reasons why electronegativity increases across period 3 in the periodic
table and one reason why noble gases are not assigned electronegativity values.
(3)
(Total 4 marks)

10)(i) State whether aqueous solutions of magnesium oxide and magnesium chloride are acidic,
alkaline or neutral.
(1)

(ii)

State an equation for the reaction between magnesium oxide and water.
(1)
(Total 2 marks)

11)(a) Outline a condition that leads to the production of carbon monoxide, CO, in an internal
combustion engine.
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(1)

(b)

State an equation for the reaction that takes place between CO and a primary pollutant
in a catalytic converter of an internal combustion engine.
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(2)

(c)

Identify the environmental problem associated with one of the products formed in part
(b).
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(1)

(d)

Other than the use of a catalytic converter, state two methods of controlling CO
emission from an internal combustion engine.
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(1)
(Total 5 marks)

12) The two major acids that cause acid rain originate from different sources.
(i)

Outline the process responsible for the production of each acid and state an equation to
show its formation.
Acid 1:

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Acid 2:
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(4)

(ii)

Acid rain has caused damage to limestone buildings and marble statues. State an
equation to represent the reaction of acid rain with limestone or marble.
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(1)
(Total 5 marks)

b) State an equation that shows why rain water is naturally acidic.

(1)

c) CFCs and NOx are pollutants responsible for the depletion of the ozone layer. Discuss the role of
NOx in this process and include equations for a stepwise mechanism. (3)

13)Explain the meaning of the term hybridization. State the type of hybridization shown by the
carbon atoms in carbon dioxide, diamond, graphite and the carbonate ion. (5)

14) Ammonia, NH3, is a weak base.

(i)

Draw the Lewis structure of ammonia and state the shape of the molecule and its bond
angles. (3)

(ii)

The conjugate acid of ammonia is the ammonium ion, NH4+. Draw the Lewis structure
of the ammonium ion and deduce its shape and bond angles. (3)

15)(i) Solid sodium chloride does not conduct electricity but molten sodium chloride does.
Explain this difference.
(2)

(ii)

Outline what happens in an electrolytic cell during the electrolysis of molten sodium
chloride using inert electrodes. Deduce equations for the reactions occurring at each
electrode.
(4)
(Total 6 marks)

16) Nitrogen and silicon belong to different groups in the periodic table.
(i)

Distinguish in terms of electronic structure, between the terms group and period.
(2)

(ii)

State the maximum number of orbitals in the n = 2 energy level.

(1)
(Total 3 marks)

17) Describe the structure and bonding in silicon dioxide.

(Total 2 mark

18) If white anhydrous copper(II) sulfate powder is left in the atmosphere it slowly absorbs water
vapour giving the blue pentahydrated solid.
CuSO4(s) + 5H2O(l) CuSO45H2O(s)
(anhydrous)
(pentahydrated)
It is difficult to measure the enthalpy change for this reaction directly. However, it is
possible to measure the heat changes directly when both anhydrous and pentahydrated
copper(II) sulfate are separately dissolved in water, and then use an energy cycle to
determine the required enthalpy change value, Hx, indirectly.

(a)

To determine H1 a student placed 50.0 g of water in a cup made of expanded

polystyrene and used a data logger to measure the temperature. After two minutes she
dissolved 3.99 g of anhydrous copper(II) sulfate in the water and continued to record
the temperature while continuously stirring. She obtained the following results.

(i)

Calculate the amount, in mol, of anhydrous copper(II) sulfate dissolved in the

50.0 g of water.
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(1)

(ii)

Determine what the temperature rise would have been, in C, if no heat had
been lost to the surroundings.
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(2)

(iii)

Calculate the heat change, in kJ, when 3.99 g of anhydrous copper(II) sulfate is
dissolved in the water.
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(2)

(iv)

Determine the value of H1 in kJ mol1.

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(1)

(b)

To determine H2, 6.24 g of pentahydrated copper(II) sulfate was dissolved in 47.75 g

of water. It was observed that the temperature of the solution decreased by 1.10 C.
(i)

Calculate the amount, in mol, of water in 6.24 g of pentahydrated copper(II)

sulfate.
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(2)

(ii)

Determine the value of H2 in kJ mol1.

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(2)

(iii)

Using the values obtained for H1 in (a) (iv) and H2 in (b) (ii), determine the
value for Hx in kJ mol1.
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(1)

(c)

The magnitude (the value without the + or sign) found in a data book for Hx is
78.0 kJ mol1.
(i)

Calculate the percentage error obtained in this experiment. (If you did not
obtain an answer for the experimental value of Hx then use the value 70.0 kJ
mol1, but this is not the true value.)
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(1)

(ii)

The student recorded in her qualitative data that the anhydrous copper(II)
sulfate she used was pale blue rather than completely white. Suggest a reason
why it might have had this pale blue colour and deduce how this would have
affected the value she obtained for Hx.
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(2)
(Total 14 marks)

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