Optimization Guidelines Retain Ability NSN Draft1

Optimization Guidelines:
Retainability in NSN
CONTENTS
1 0BINTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................................... 3
2 1BRETAINABILITY ......................................................................................................................... 4
2.1 6BCell Update .......................................................................................................................................... 4
2.2 6BCS drop versus PS drop ...................................................................................................................... 4
3 2BRETAINABILITY KPIs (Key Performa!e I"#!a$ors% ............................................................. &
3.1 8BHigh Level KPIs .................................................................................................................................. 6
3.1.1 14BRetainability Rate - RR (%) .......................................................................................................................... 6
3.1.2 15BDropped Call Rate - DCR (%) ...................................................................................................................... 6
3.1.2.1 32BUSpeec DCR (%) .......................................................................................................................... !
3.1.2.2 33BU"ideo DCR (%) ............................................................................................................................ !
3.1.2.3 34BUCS Strea#in$ DCR (%) ............................................................................................................... %
3.1.2.4 34BU&S Strea#in$ DCR (%) ................................................................................................................ %
3.1.2.5 35BU&S DCR (%) ................................................................................................................................ %
3.1.2.6 3'BU()rter con*ideration* on &S+,S DCR (%) ................................................................................. '
3.1.2.! 35BU-S- &ac.et Call DCR (%) .......................................................................................................... '
3.1.2.% 36BU,S DCR (%) .............................................................................................................................. 1/
3.1.2.' 3!BU0U1 DCR (%) ............................................................................................................................ 11
3.1.2.1/ 3%BUCell2(3C, DCR (%) .............................................................................................................. 11
3.1.3 16B4in)te* per Drop ........................................................................................................................................ 12
3.1.3.1 4/BU"oice 4in)te* per drop .............................................................................................................. 12
3.1.3.2 "ideo 4in)te* per drop ....................................................................................................................... 12
3.1.3.3 42BU,S 4in)te* per drop .................................................................................................................. 12
3.1.4 1!BDrop* per 0rlan$ (or Drop* per ,o)r) ........................................................................................................ 13
3.1.4.1 43BU"oice drop* per o)r .................................................................................................................. 13
3.1.4.2 44BU"ideo drop* per o)r .................................................................................................................. 13
3.1.4.3 45BU,S drop* per o)r ...................................................................................................................... 13
3.1.5 1%B56erall Ser6ice Retainability - 5SR07 (%) ............................................................................................... 13
3.2 B!ediu" Level KPIs# $oi%e &rop 'easo(s ...................................................................................... 14
3.2.1 1'BR3D85 9R3B: DCR (%) .......................................................................................................................... 14
3.2.2 2/B8) 9R3B: DCR (%) ................................................................................................................................... 15
3.2.3 21B8)r 9R3B: DCR (%) .................................................................................................................................. 15
3.2.4 21BB7S 9R3B: DCR (%) ............................................................................................................................... 16
3.2.5 2/BU0 9R3B: DCR (%) ................................................................................................................................. 16
3.2.6 21BUn*peci;ied 0rror 9R3B: DCR (%) .......................................................................................................... 16
3.2.! 2/B&re-e#ption 9R3B: DCR (%) ................................................................................................................... 16
3.2.% 21BR-C (57,0RS) 9R3B: DCR (%) ........................................................................................................... 1!
3.2.' 22B8R37 Speec DCR (%) .............................................................................................................................. 1!
4 3BPER'OR(ANCE ANALY)I) ................................................................................................... 1*
4.1 1)B'adio Coverage Issues .................................................................................................................... 18
4.1.1 24BUplin. &roble#* ......................................................................................................................................... 1%
4.1.1.1 4!BURadio Connection S)per6i*ion ;or U0 in Cell2DC, ................................................................ 1%
4.1.1.2 4!BURadio Connection S)per6i*ion ;or U0 in Cell2(3C, .............................................................. 1'
4.1.2 25BDo<nlin. &roble#* .................................................................................................................................... 2/
4.1.3 26B1ayer 2 (ail)re* tri$$ered by Co6era$e ..................................................................................................... 21
4.1.4 2!BCritical radio proced)re ;ail)re* d)e to co6era$e ....................................................................................... 21
4.1.5 2%BRadio 0n6iron#ent 06al)ation ................................................................................................................... 22
4.1.5.1 4%BU&ri#ary Strai$t 8ndicator* ........................................................................................................ 22
4.1.5.2 4'BUSecondary 8ndicator* .................................................................................................................. 22
4.1.5.3 5/BU=-4RR ...................................................................................................................................... 22
4.1.5.4 51BU>&0, ;or Radio Co6era$e 3naly*i* .......................................................................................... 23
4.1.5.5 52BURRC #ea*)re#ent Report* ........................................................................................................ 23
4.2 11B!o*ilit+ Issues ................................................................................................................................. 23
4.2.1 2'BSSo;t+So;ter ,ando6er (ail)re* .................................................................................................................. 24
4.2.2 3/B4i**in$ -ei$bo)r Relation* ..................................................................................................................... 25
4.2.3 31B8R37 ,ando6er (ail)re* ............................................................................................................................ 25
4.2.4 1!B8( ,ando6er (ail)re* .................................................................................................................................. 2%
4.3 12BCapa%it+ Issues# Co(gestio( !o(itori(g ....................................................................................... 2
4.4 13B,ther -aults ..................................................................................................................................... 3)
+ 4BRE'ERENCE) ........................................................................................................................... 31
& +BANNE, I- Ca.. Rees$a/.#s0me$ (Ce.. U1"a$e 1ro!e"2re% ....................................................... 32
3 +BANNE, II- UL4DL Ra"#o )y!0ro#5a$#o .............................................................................. 33
..1 13B&L S+(%hro(i/atio( ........................................................................................................................ 33
..2 13BUL S+(%hro(i/atio( ........................................................................................................................ 34
1 0BINTRODUCTION
This series of Optimization Guidelines cover all main topics regarding
Performance Monitoring & Analysis
Configuration settings
Trouleshooting
!efer to the internal Claro document !ef" ####"## $ Optimization Process$ for a summary of %G
&C'MA !adio Access (et)or* Optimization Basics"
This specific document focuses on RETAINABIIT! and its specifics in NSN infrastructure +!elease
!,-0."
Target users for this document are all personnel re/uiring a detailed description of this process
+!etainaility Optimization.$ as )ell as configuration managers )ho re/uire details to control the
functions and optimize parameter settings" 0t is assumed that users of this document have a )or*ing
*no)ledge of %G telecommunication and are familiar )ith &C'MA"
Do"ument Re#ision Cont$ol
!evisio
n
'ate Author Changes
'raft0
-
1%2'ec21003 4C567(6( 8irst 'raft of the document
% -BRETAINABIIT!
!etainaility is the aility of a service to e *ept 9 once it )as accessed 9 under given conditions for a
re/uested period of time" 0n other )ords$ it is the proaility that a service$ once otained$ )ill continue
to e provided under given conditions for a given time duration"
Target is to get a -00: !etainaility$ i"e"$ all connections maintained until their normal release"
Poor !etainaility is typically due to
;andover performance +soft7softer70ur708;O70!AT. and missing neighor cell
,<7'< imalance
0ncorrect parameter settings +po)er$ admission$ release.
Congestion
!adio environment impact +corner effect$ fast 5c7(o drop$ Pilot pollution$ etc.
(ode ;ard)are76oft)are failure
0u +5-s. Congestion
!etainaility is to e monitored independently for the different !AB types +e"g" 6peech$ C6 =ideo$ P6
0nteractive !33$ P6 0nteractive ;6'PA$ etc". as in certain situations only one of the !AB types )ill e
affected"
%&1 >BCell Update
0n %G a ne) mechanism is availale to rescue some dropped calls +oth C6 and P6. due to !< 8ailure?
Call Reestablis'ment y Cell Update p$o"edu$e" !efer to A((5@ 0 for further details"
0f timer T%-A is set higher than 0$ =oice calls that suffer from a !< 8ailure are not considered BdroppedC
till timer T%-A eDpires and the call could not e reestalished y the Cell ,pdate Procedure"
6imilarly$ if timer T%-E is set higher than 0$ P6 calls that suffer from a !< 8ailure are not considered
BdroppedC till timer T%-E eDpires and the call could not e reestalished y the Cell ,pdate Procedure"
&e could say that in oth cases$ C6 and P6$ those !< 8ailures that can e rescued are Fust system(
pe$"ei#ed drops$ ut not use$(pe$"ei#ed drops$ as the user does not have to perform any additional
manual operations li*e for eDample manual re2activation of the P'P conteDt" 0n reality$ during the Cell
,pdate procedure +T%-A or T%-E seconds.$ =oice calls )ill e perceived as BsilentC y the user$ and P6
data sessions may suffer from delays and lo)er throughputs$ ut the fact is that the call does not drop$
and it is not counted y the !AB releases counters +and therefore$ neither as a drop."
0n (6( infrastructure$ T%-AG0 is hardcoded$ and T%-EG%0 sec +changeale.$ i"e"$ this Cell ,pdate
mechanism is only availale for P6 data calls +not for =oice calls."
0n terms of =oice Calls$ this means that all !< 8ailures in '< )ill finally lead to a drop +user and system
perceived$ and !AB release counters 9and drops2 increased."
0n terms of P6 Calls$ those !< 8ailures that are rescued )ill e system ut not user2perceived$ and the
anormal !AB release counter +Gdrops. )ill not e increased"
As some other vendors may have the Cell ,pdate mechanism de2activated for P6$ the optimization team
should *eep in mind these considerations )hen comparing P6 'C! +:. in different vendors? usually
)orst in those ones )ith this functionality disaled" (evertheless$ this )orst ehavior in the HP0 usually
does not match the user perception +that is typically good. than*s to additional implicit re2estalishment
mechanisms +Paging76ervice !e/uest."
%&% >BCS d$op #e$sus )S d$op
One important difference et)een the Circuit 6)itched +C6. and Pac*et 6)itched +P6. domains is that in
the C6 domain$ the end2to2end services +voice$ video2telephony$ C6 data. can e maintained only if all
lo)er layer lin*s are maintained" 8or eDample$ if the !adio Bearer is ro*en during a voice call$ the
net)or* may allo) only limited time +T%-A. to perform a Cell ,pdate efore terminating the end2user
application"
8or P6 data$ to accommodate the ursty nature of the traffic$ lin*s from different layers can e
independent" 8or eDample$ the Pac*et 'ata Protocol +P'P. conteDt is preserved$ )hile the !adio and
!adio Access Bearers are reconfigured or disconnected during lo) activity periods" The ehavior of an
8TP session is another eDampleI )hen !adio Bearers are dropped or eDperience a high loc* error rate$
the 8TP might time out$ even if the P'P conteDt is active"
The interdependence et)een layers complicates data service optimizationI all layers must e
considered"
A single P6 call +G a single P6 !AB. goes dynamically through different BphasesC +'C; !33$ ;6'PA$ 5,<$
CellJ8AC;. ased on different radio configurations" 0t may also go to 0'<5 +)ith Bpdp conteDt
preservedC. due to inactivity periods" 0t is the system that re2estalishes the lo)er layer connections$
)ith no user intervention"
&hen the P6 call goes to 0dle )ith Bpdp conteDt preservedC due to inactivity$ the P6 !AB is considered
normally released$ and there )ill e a ne) process of call estalishment starting )ith an !!C
connection re/uest$ and !AB estalishment$ etc" +ut )ithout the ,P<0(H '0!5CT T!A(685! K6M?
Activate P'P ConteDt !e/uestL as it )as preserved."
0n case there is a !< 8ailure$ the pdp conteDt is also preserved and either Cell ,pdate or implicit re2
estalishment mechanisms +Paging76ervice !e/uest. )ill re2estalish the lo)er layer connections )ith
no user intervention" ,ser does not notice the call drop +ut typically eDperiences lo) throughput or
delay." 6o in terms of Buser perceptionC +or 'ata Application 'C! :$ or 'ata 6ession 'C! :$ or P'P
conteDt 'C! :.$ the retainaility is not impacted" These latest metrics +from an operational point of
vie). can only e derived from P6 CO!5 +GG6(. counters"
0n terms of Anormal !AB !eleases due to !< 8ailure$ typically those vendors )ith C, enaled +(6( &
;ua)ei$ for eDample. )ill not increase the counter +in fact$ they )ill not increase any !AB !elease
counter 9 nor normal neither anormal2I !AB is not released.I those ones )ith C, disaled )ill +5ricsson$
for instance." 6o$ as already anticipated$ you can eDpect a )orst HP0 P6 'C! : performance in these
last ones"

* 1BRETAINABIIT! +)Is ,+ey )e$-o$man"e Indi"ato$s.
Belo) the main metrics used for !etainaility Monitoring of a %G &C'MA7,MT6 (et)or*$ and their
implementation )ith NSN counters"
!efer to B6MA!T 'ocumentationC for further details on the actual implementation of these HP0s in the
tool$ together )ith the additional considerations regarding?
Treatment of zeros in the denominators
'ifferentiation of P6? Gloal$ !33$ ;6$ 5,< HP0s"
Considerations regarding 6!(6 !elocations and Outgoing ;ard ;andover
*&1 MB/i0' e#el +)Is
*&1&1 -ABRetainability Rate ( RR ,1.
Based in statistical counters$ it is possile to count every time a !AB is no$mally $eleased$ e"g"?
Call ended y ,5 or user control
+user generates a BdisconnectC to)ards the C( or ,5 6ignaling Connection !elease.
Call ended ecause of any prolem or action on the other part
+the monitored user receives a BdisconnectC from the C(.
Connection ends ecause of user inactivity +P6 calls only.
Connection ends ecause the call is successfully transferred to another system +0!AT handover.
and abno$mally $eleased ,2 DRO).?
Call ended y the net)or* for any other reason than (O!MA<"
A gloal Retainability Rate ,1. can e calculated as follo)s?
;o)ever$ it is common practice to use the Non Retainability Rate ,NRR. instead$ a"*"a" D$opped
Call Rate ,1.$ that )e )ill use throughout this document?
As already stated$ target is to *eep !etainaility !ate$ !! +:. as closed as possile to -00:$ )hile target
for (!! +:. is to *eep the 'C! +:. as closed as possile to 0:"
*&1&% -EBD$opped Call Rate ( DCR ,1.
0t is the most common HP0 for !etainaility"
The value is dependent on the call duration? the shorter is the average call duration$ the lo)er shall e
the drop call rate and vice versa" Any changes in the net)or* that modify the call duration shall impact
on the 'rop Call !ate +e"g" 0!AT ;andover thresholds for speech or inactivity timers for P6 calls."
Counters availale in (6( for the (ormal and Anormal !AB !eleases are?
(o of No$mal !AB !eleases (o of Abno$mal !AB !eleases

1
]
1
+ !eleases. !AB Anormal of (o !eleases !AB (ormal of +(o

!eleases !AB (ormal of (o
N -00

1
]
1
+ !eleases. !AB Anormal of (o !eleases !AB (ormal of +(o

!eleases !AB Anormal of (o
N -00
!ABJACTJCOMPJC6J=O0C5 O
!ABJACTJ!5<JC6J=O0C5J6!(C
!ABJACTJ!5<JC6J=O0C5JPJ5MP O !ABJACTJ!5<JC6J=J,(6P5J5!JC( O
!ABJACTJ8A0<JC6J=O0C5J0, O !ABJACTJ8A0<JC6J=O0C5J!A'0O O
!ABJACTJ8A0<JC6J=O0C5JBT6 O !ABJACTJ8A0<JC6J=O0C5J0,! O
!ABJACTJ8A0<JC6J=O0C5J!(C O !ABJACTJ8A0<JC6J=O0C5J,5
!ABJACTJCOMPJC6JCO(= O
!ABJACTJ!5<JC6JCO(=J6!(C
!ABJACTJ!5<JC6JCO(=JPJ5MP O !ABJACTJ!5<JC6JCJ,(6P5J5!JC( O
!ABJACTJ8A0<JC6JCO(=J0, O !ABJACTJ8A0<JC6JCO(=J!A'0O O
!ABJACTJ8A0<JC6JCO(=JBT6 O !ABJACTJ8A0<JC6JCO(=J0,! O
!ABJACTJ8A0<JC6JCO(=J!(C O !ABJACTJ8A0<JC6JCO(=J,5
!ABJACTJCOMPJC6J6T!5A O
!ABJACTJ!5<JC6J6T!5AJ6!(C
!ABJACTJ!5<JC6J6T!5AJPJ5MP O !ABJACTJ!5<JC6J6J,(6P5J5!JC( O
!ABJACTJ8A0<JC6J6T!5AJ0, O !ABJACTJ8A0<JC6J6T!5AJ!A'0O O
!ABJACTJ8A0<JC6J6T!5AJBT6 O !ABJACTJ8A0<JC6J6T!5AJ0,! O
!ABJACTJ8A0<JC6J6T!5AJ!(C O !ABJACTJ8A0<JC6J6T!5AJ,5
!ABJACTJCOMPJP6JCO(= O
!ABJACTJ!5<JP6JCO(=J6!(C
!ABJACTJ!5<JP6JCO(=JPJ5MP O !ABJACTJ!5<JP6JCJ,(6P5J5!JC( O
!ABJACTJ8A0<JP6JCO(=J0, O !ABJACTJ8A0<JP6JCO(=J!A'0O O
!ABJACTJ8A0<JP6JCO(=JBT6 O !ABJACTJ8A0<JP6JCO(=J0,! O
!ABJACTJ8A0<JP6JCO(=J!(C O !ABJACTJ8A0<JP6JCO(=J,5
!ABJACTJCOMPJP6J6T!5A O
!ABJACTJ!5<JP6J6T!5AJ6!(C
!ABJACTJ!5<JP6J6T!5AJPJ5MP O !ABJACTJ!5<JP6J6J,(6P5J5!JC( O
!ABJACTJ8A0<JP6J6T!5AJ0, O !ABJACTJ8A0<JP6J6T!5AJ!A'0O O
!ABJACTJ8A0<JP6J6T!5AJBT6 O !ABJACTJ8A0<JP6J6T!5AJ0,! O
!ABJACTJ8A0<JP6J6T!5AJ!(C O !ABJACTJ8A0<JP6J6T!5AJ,5
!ABJACTJCOMPJP6J0(T5! O
!ABJACTJ!5<JP6J0(T5!J6!(C
!ABJACTJ!5<JP6J0J,(6P5J5!JC( O !ABJACTJ8A0<JP6J0(T5!J0, O
!ABJACTJ8A0<JP6J0(T5!J!A'0O O !ABJACTJ8A0<JP6J0(T5!JBT6 O
!ABJACTJ8A0<JP6J0(T5!J0,! O !ABJACTJ8A0<JP6J0(T5!J!(C O
!ABJACTJ8A0<JP6J0(T5!J,5
!ABJACTJCOMPJP6JBACHG O
!ABJACTJ!5<JP6JBACHGJ6!(C
!ABJACTJ!5<JP6JBJ,(6P5J5!JC( O !ABJACTJ8A0<JP6JBACHGJ0, O
!ABJACTJ8A0<JP6JBACHGJ!A'0O O !ABJACTJ8A0<JP6JBACHGJBT6 O
!ABJACTJ8A0<JP6JBACHGJ0,! O !ABJACTJ8A0<JP6JBACHGJ!(C O
!ABJACTJ8A0<JP6JBACHGJ,5
(6( considers % possiilities for a !AB in the BACT0=5C phase?
RAB3ACT3CO4)35RAB type6? (ormal !elease +counter updated )hen the !(C sends an !A(AP?
!AB A660G(M5(T !56PO(65 or !A(AP? 0, !5<5A65 COMP<5T5 to the C( after normal !AB release for a
certain type of !AB.
RAB3ACT37AI35RAB type635Reason6? Anormal !elease due to some abnormal reason related to Iu-
interface, Radio, BTS, Iur-interface, RNC or UE.
RAB a"ti#e $eleases$ the cause of )hich has een either inter2system handover$ intra2system hard
handover$ 6!(6 relocation$ pre2emption or "unspecified failure. re2emption for conversational and streaming
and all releases )ith Punspecified failureP cause received from C( have een considered BAnormal !eleasesC"

All aove counters are in Measurement B6ervice <evelC$ so all 'C! +:. HP0s )e can derive from them
are availale at cell level" Also$ as eDpected for a ;igh <evel HP0$ they can e aggregated at nation$
mar*et7vendor$ region$ city$ !(C$ cluster$Q levels"
*&1&%&1 %1B,Spee"' DCR ,1.
;igh value +e"g" R1:. indicates retainaility issues for 6peech connections"
*&1&%&% %%B,8ideo DCR ,1.

5 J , 5 0 < J C 6 J = O 0 C ! A B J A C T J 8 A O 5 J ! ( C 0 < J C 6 J = O 0 C ! A B J A C T J 8 A
O 5 J 0 , ! 0 < J C 6 J = O 0 C ! A B J A C T J 8 A O 5 J B T 6 0 < J C 6 J = O 0 C ! A B J A C T J 8 A
O 5 J ! A ' 0 O 0 < J C 6 J = O 0 C ! A B J A C T J 8 A O 5 J 0 , 0 < J C 6 J = O 0 C ! A B J A C T J 8 A
P 5 J 5 ! J C ( < J C 6 J = J , ( 6 ! A B J A C T J ! 5 O J P J 5 M P < J C 6 J = O 0 C 5 ! A B J A C T J ! 5
J 6 ! ( C < J C 6 J = O 0 C 5 ! A B J A C T J ! 5 O 5 M P J C 6 J = O 0 C ! A B J A C T J C O

N - 0 0
,
_
,
_
+
+
+

J , 5 0 < J C 6 J C O ( = ! A B J A C T J 8 A O J ! ( C 0 < J C 6 J C O ( = ! A B J A C T J 8 A
O J 0 , ! 0 < J C 6 J C O ( = ! A B J A C T J 8 A O J B T 6 0 < J C 6 J C O ( = ! A B J A C T J 8 A
O J ! A ' 0 O 0 < J C 6 J C O ( = ! A B J A C T J 8 A O J 0 , 0 < J C 6 J C O ( = ! A B J A C T J 8 A
P 5 J 5 ! J C ( < J C 6 J C J , ( 6 ! A B J A C T J ! 5 O P J 5 M P < J C 6 J C O ( = J ! A B J A C T J ! 5
6 ! ( C < J C 6 J C O ( = J ! A B J A C T J ! 5 O M P J C 6 J C O ( = ! A B J A C T J C O

N - 0 0
,
_
,
_
+
+
+
;igh value +e"g" R1:. indicates retainaility issues for =ideo C6>A connections"
*&1&%&* %AB,CS St$eamin0 DCR ,1.
;igh value +e"g" R1:. indicates retainaility issues for C6 6treaming connections"
*&1&%&9 %AB,)S St$eamin0 DCR ,1.
;igh value +e"g" R1:. indicates retainaility issues for P6 6treaming connections"
*&1&%&: %EB,)S DCR ,1.

A J , 5 0 < J C 6 J 6 T ! 5 ! A B J A C T J 8 A O A J ! ( C 0 < J C 6 J 6 T ! 5 ! A B J A C T J 8 A
O A J 0 , ! 0 < J C 6 J 6 T ! 5 ! A B J A C T J 8 A O A J B T 6 0 < J C 6 J 6 T ! 5 ! A B J A C T J 8 A
O A J ! A ' 0 O 0 < J C 6 J 6 T ! 5 ! A B J A C T J 8 A O A J 0 , 0 < J C 6 J 6 T ! 5 ! A B J A C T J 8 A
P 5 J 5 ! J C ( < J C 6 J 6 J , ( 6 ! A B J A C T J ! 5 O J P J 5 M P < J C 6 J 6 T ! 5 A ! A B J A C T J ! 5
J 6 ! ( C < J C 6 J 6 T ! 5 A ! A B J A C T J ! 5 O A M P J C 6 J 6 T ! 5 ! A B J A C T J C O

A J , 5 0 < J C 6 J 6 T ! 5 ! A B J A C T J 8 A O A J ! ( C 0 < J C 6 J 6 T ! 5 ! A B J A C T J 8 A
O A J 0 , ! 0 < J C 6 J 6 T ! 5 ! A B J A C T J 8 A O A J B T 6 0 < J C 6 J 6 T ! 5 ! A B J A C T J 8 A
O A J ! A ' 0 O 0 < J C 6 J 6 T ! 5 ! A B J A C T J 8 A O A J 0 , 0 < J C 6 J 6 T ! 5 ! A B J A C T J 8 A
O P 5 J 5 ! J C ( < J C 6 J 6 J , ( 6 ! A B J A C T J ! 5 O J P J 5 M P < J C 6 J 6 T ! 5 A ! A B J A C T J ! 5
N - 0 0
,
_
,
_
+
+

A J , 5 0 < J P 6 J 6 T ! 5 ! A B J A C T J 8 A O A J ! ( C 0 < J P 6 J 6 T ! 5 ! A B J A C T J 8 A
O A J 0 , ! 0 < J P 6 J 6 T ! 5 ! A B J A C T J 8 A O A J B T 6 0 < J P 6 J 6 T ! 5 ! A B J A C T J 8 A
O A J ! A ' 0 O 0 < J P 6 J 6 T ! 5 ! A B J A C T J 8 A O A J 0 , 0 < J P 6 J 6 T ! 5 ! A B J A C T J 8 A
P 5 J 5 ! J C ( < J P 6 J 6 J , ( 6 ! A B J A C T J ! 5 O J P J 5 M P < J P 6 J 6 T ! 5 A ! A B J A C T J ! 5
J 6 ! ( C < J P 6 J 6 T ! 5 A ! A B J A C T J ! 5 O A M P J P 6 J 6 T ! 5 ! A B J A C T J C O

A J , 5 0 < J P 6 J 6 T ! 5 ! A B J A C T J 8 A O A J ! ( C 0 < J P 6 J 6 T ! 5 ! A B J A C T J 8 A
O A J 0 , ! 0 < J P 6 J 6 T ! 5 ! A B J A C T J 8 A O A J B T 6 0 < J P 6 J 6 T ! 5 ! A B J A C T J 8 A
O A J ! A ' 0 O 0 < J P 6 J 6 T ! 5 ! A B J A C T J 8 A O A J 0 , 0 < J P 6 J 6 T ! 5 ! A B J A C T J 8 A
O P 5 J 5 ! J C ( < J P 6 J 6 J , ( 6 ! A B J A C T J ! 5 O J P J 5 M P < J P 6 J 6 T ! 5 A ! A B J A C T J ! 5
N - 0 0
,
_
,
_
+
+

G J , 5 0 < J P 6 J B A C H ! A B J A C T J 8 A ! J , 5 0 < J P 6 J 0 ( T 5 ! A B J A C T J 8 A
O G J ! ( C 0 < J P 6 J B A C H ! A B J A C T J 8 A O ! J ! ( C 0 < J P 6 J 0 ( T 5 ! A B J A C T J 8 A
O G J 0 , ! 0 < J P 6 J B A C H ! A B J A C T J 8 A O ! J 0 , ! 0 < J P 6 J 0 ( T 5 ! A B J A C T J 8 A
O G J B T 6 0 < J P 6 J B A C H ! A B J A C T J 8 A O ! J B T 6 0 < J P 6 J 0 ( T 5 ! A B J A C T J 8 A
O G J ! A ' 0 O 0 < J P 6 J B A C H ! A B J A C T J 8 A O ! J ! A ' 0 O 0 < J P 6 J 0 ( T 5 ! A B J A C T J 8 A
O G J 0 , 0 < J P 6 J B A C H ! A B J A C T J 8 A O ! J 0 , 0 < J P 6 J 0 ( T 5 ! A B J A C T J 8 A
P 5 J 5 ! J C ( < J P 6 J B J , ( 6 ! A B J A C T J ! 5 P 5 J 5 ! J C ( < J P 6 J 0 J , ( 6 ! A B J A C T J ! 5
J 6 ! ( C < J P 6 J B A C H G ! A B J A C T J ! 5 J 6 ! ( C < J P 6 J 0 ( T 5 ! ! A B J A C T J ! 5
O G M P J P 6 J B A C H ! A B J A C T J C O ! M P J P 6 J 0 ( T 5 ! A B J A C T J C O

G J , 5 0 < J P 6 J B A C H ! A B J A C T J 8 A ! J , 5 0 < J P 6 J 0 ( T 5 ! A B J A C T J 8 A
O G J ! ( C 0 < J P 6 J B A C H ! A B J A C T J 8 A O ! J ! ( C 0 < J P 6 J 0 ( T 5 ! A B J A C T J 8 A
O G J 0 , ! 0 < J P 6 J B A C H ! A B J A C T J 8 A O ! J 0 , ! 0 < J P 6 J 0 ( T 5 ! A B J A C T J 8 A
O G J B T 6 0 < J P 6 J B A C H ! A B J A C T J 8 A O ! J B T 6 0 < J P 6 J 0 ( T 5 ! A B J A C T J 8 A
O G J ! A ' 0 O 0 < J P 6 J B A C H ! A B J A C T J 8 A O ! J ! A ' 0 O 0 < J P 6 J 0 ( T 5 ! A B J A C T J 8 A
O G J 0 , 0 < J P 6 J B A C H ! A B J A C T J 8 A O ! J 0 , 0 < J P 6 J 0 ( T 5 ! A B J A C T J 8 A
P 5 J 5 ! J C ( < J P 6 J B J , ( 6 ! A B J A C T J ! 5 P 5 J 5 ! J C ( < J P 6 J 0 J , ( 6 ! A B J A C T J ! 5
N - 0 0
,
_
,
_
+
+ +
+ +
+
+
+ +
;igh value +e"g" R1:. indicates retainaility issues for Pac*et 6)itch connections"
This is an overall P6 RAB 'C! +:. ased in counters from Measurement type B6ervice <evelC" Typically$
C, mechanism is enaled for P6 and rescues many potential !AB anormal releases due to !< 8ailure
+!A'0O.$ so values for this metric are commonly very lo) +i"e"$ very good."
According to (6( documentation +6ee !eferences.$ formula aove gives the B(et)or* perspectiveC of
the HP0"
By Fust sustracting neDt 1 counters from the numerator$ )e otain the B,ser perspectiveC?
R!B"!CT"#!I$"S"INT"C%& '(en a call )it( t(e S data interacti*e R!B in cell-C% state is dropped.
R!B"!CT"#!I$"S"B!C+,"C%& '(en a call )it( t(e S data bac-.round R!B in cell-C% state is dropped.
*&1&%&; %3B,7u$t'e$ "onside$ations on )S</S DCR ,1.
The 'rop Call !ate for P6 connections +Pac*et 0nteractive7Bac*ground. re/uires a special consideration"
Counters in the formula aove refer to !AB !eleases +(ormal or Anormal. of the P6 connection at any
active phase$ no matter if in dedicate or common channels"
0n order to calculate the 'rop Call !ate for each single P6 phase +;6'PA or 5,< or 8AC; or P6 !33. you
need to count all the transitions at the end of that specific phase" 8or instance$ to calculate the ;6 'C!
: you should consider all the possiilities?

0f counters for all those transitions are not availale$ then the HP0 could e not that meaningful"

*&1&%&= %EB,NSN )a">et Call DCR ,1.
Another metric is availale in (6($ ased in counters from Measurement BPac*et CallC$ )here the
impact of !< 8ailures can e oserved" This is a )a">et A"ti#e Sessions 'C! +:.$ i"e"$ a retainaility
HP0 to account for issues during active data transfer periods"
8or your reference$ Pac*et Calls +sessions. are sho)n in lue in the follo)ing diagram$ their (ormal
!eleases in green and an Anormal !elease due to !< 8ailure in red" (ote that the data transfer )as
interrupted y the !< 8ailure$ ut the !AB )as *ept until its (ormal !elease"

. JotherJ!AB J;6JtoJany chingJfrom annelJ6)it 6uccessJCh !elease ;6J(ormalJ alJ!elease +;6JAnorm
lJ!elease ;6JAnorma
N -00
1
]
1
+ +
No$mal Releases +of (6( Pac*et Call. counters are updated$ for eDample$ due to inactivity or !AB
release" The counters are also updated in case of outgoing 6!(C relocations$ outgoing 0nter2!(C hard
handovers$ 0nter26ystem hard handovers$ and state transitions to 'C; +070.78AC;7PC;"
Abno$mal ,27ailu$e. Releases +of (6( Pac*et Call. counters are updated in case of !adio <in*
failures$ pre2emption and !T over (!T" 0n case of !< failure$ all radio lin*s go out of sync state during a pac*et
call$ and as a conse/uence$ the dedicated user plane allocation is released and the call is dropped into the
CellJ8AC; or CellJPC; state" The counter for other failures is updated )hen a pac*et call is released due to
some other failure cause than a radio lin* failure$ pre2emption$ or !T over (!T" The counter is updated$ for
eDample$ if the reservation of the 'MPG resource does not succeed )hen s)itching the ;6PA to a 'C;$ or
)hen a '6P runtime error occurs"
This (6( metric is closer to the P6 !AB 'C! +:. in vendors )ith no C, enaled$ )here P6 !AB drops
due to !< failures are count" 0t is certainly BCloserC as account for !< 8ailures ut nor Bcompletely
comparaleC as this formula aove refers to the (6( concept of Pac*et Call +data transfers in 8AC; not
included. and the P6 !AB 'C! +:. refers to P6 !ABs +8AC; included."
(ote also that transitions et)een the different P6 states have not een considered +;6 SR !33 'C;$
etc."
To e agreed if Pre2empted (!T calls are to e considered Anormal or (ormal !eleases"
*&1&%&? %>B,/S DCR ,1.
This metric has een uilt ased also on counters in Measurement PACH5T CA<< and follo)ing the
considerations included in section %"-"1"> +i"e"$ channel s)itching transitions from ;6 to other P6 !AB
states have een considered.?
;igh value +e"g" R1:. indicates retainaility issues for ;6'PA connections"
There is a second option ased on counters in Measurement T!A880C$ i"e"$ considering dedicated
transport channel allocations and their releases" 0n other )ords$ all the 'C;2related resources +!(C$
BT6$ transport$ ,5. are released$ i"e"$ %S-/SC% 0!C-d flo) and its return c(annel allocations are released?
0n this case$ (6( proposal considers Pre2emptions as (ormal !eleases"

,
_
,
_
' 6 C ; J B G ! < J 8 A 0 < J ; 6 J ! 5 < J A < < O J ! O ' 6 C ; J 0 ( T < J 8 A 0 < J ; 6 J ! 5 < J A < < O J !
O ' 6 C ; J B G ! T ; J 8 A 0 < J ; 6 ! 5 < J A < < O J O O ' 6 C ; J 0 ( T T ; J 8 A 0 < J ; 6 ! 5 < J A < < O J O
O ; J B G ! O ! M J ; 6 J ' 6 C ! 5 < J A < < O J ( O ; J 0 ( T O ! M J ; 6 J ' 6 C ! 5 < J A < < O J (
' 6 C ; J B G ! < J 8 A 0 < J ; 6 J ! 5 < J A < < O J ! O ' 6 C ; J 0 ( T < J 8 A 0 < J ; 6 J ! 5 < J A < < O J !
O ' 6 C ; J B G ! T ; J 8 A 0 < J ; 6 ! 5 < J A < < O J O O ' 6 C ; J 0 ( T T ; J 8 A 0 < J ; 6 ! 5 < J A < < O J O
N - 0 0
L
G ! ' J T O J ' J ' J B P 6 J 6 & 0 J ; 6 J ( T ' J T O J ' J ' J 0 P 6 J 6 & 0 J ; 6 J G ! 5 J T O J ' J ' J B P 6 J 6 & 0 J ; 6 J ( T 5 J T O J ' J ' J 0 P 6 J 6 & 0 J ; 6 J
J B G ! J 8 A 0 < J ; 6 J ' P 6 J ! 5 < J O T ; O J 0 ( T J 8 A 0 < J ; 6 J ' P 6 J ! 5 < J O T ; O J B G ! J 8 A 0 < J ; 6 J 5 P 6 J ! 5 < J O T ; O J 0 ( T J 8 A 0 < J ; 6 J 5 P 6 J ! 5 < J O T ;
B G ! 8 A 0 < J ; 6 J ' J P 6 J ! 5 < J ! < J O 0 ( T 8 A 0 < J ; 6 J ' J P 6 J ! 5 < J ! < J O B G ! 8 A 0 < J ; 6 J 5 J P 6 J ! 5 < J ! < J O 0 ( T 8 A 0 < J ; 6 J 5 J P 6 J ! 5 < J ! < J
B G ! J 5 M P J ; 6 J ' J P 6 J ! 5 < J P ! 5 O 0 ( T J 5 M P J ; 6 J ' J P 6 J ! 5 < J P ! 5 O B G ! J 5 M P J ; 6 J 5 J P 6 J ! 5 < J P ! 5 O 0 ( T J 5 M P J ; 6 J 5 J P 6 J ! 5 < J P ! 5
M J ; 6 J ' J B G ! P 6 J ! 5 < J ( O ! O M J ; 6 J ' J 0 ( T P 6 J ! 5 < J ( O ! O M J ; 6 J 5 J B G ! P 6 J ! 5 < J ( O ! O M J ; 6 J 5 J 0 ( T P 6 J ! 5 < J ( O !
. M J ; 6 J ' J B G ! P 6 J ! 5 < J ( O ! O M J ; 6 J ' J 0 ( T P 6 J ! 5 < J ( O ! M J ; 6 J 5 J B G ! P 6 J ! 5 < J ( O ! O T ! M J ; 6 J 5 J 0 ( + P 6 J ! 5 < J ( O
2 K - N - 0 0
,
_
+ + +
+
+
+
+
+
L
B G ! J 8 A 0 < J ' J ' J P 6 J ! 5 < J O T ; 0 ( T J 8 A 0 < J ' J ' J P 6 J ! 5 < J O T ; J B G ! J 8 A 0 < J ; 6 J ' P 6 J ! 5 < J O T ; O J 0 ( T J 8 A 0 < J ; 6 J ' P 6 J ! 5 < J O T ; O J B G ! J 8 A 0 < J ; 6 J 5 P 6 J ! 5 < J O T ; O J 0 ( T J 8 A 0 < J ; 6 J 5 P 6 J ! 5 < J O T ;
G ! 8 A 0 < J ' J ' J B P 6 J ! 5 < J ! < J ( T 8 A 0 < J ' J ' J 0 P 6 J ! 5 < J ! < J B G ! 8 A 0 < J ; 6 J ' J P 6 J ! 5 < J ! < J O 0 ( T 8 A 0 < J ; 6 J ' J P 6 J ! 5 < J ! < J O B G ! 8 A 0 < J ; 6 J 5 J P 6 J ! 5 < J ! < J O 0 ( T 8 A 0 < J ; 6 J 5 J P 6 J ! 5 < J ! < J
G ! J 5 M P J ' J ' J B P 6 J ! 5 < J P ! 5 ( T J 5 M P J ' J ' J 0 P 6 J ! 5 < J P ! 5 B G ! J 5 M P J ; 6 J ' J P 6 J ! 5 < J P ! 5 O 0 ( T J 5 M P J ; 6 J ' J P 6 J ! 5 < J P ! 5 O B G ! J 5 M P J ; 6 J 5 J P 6 J ! 5 < J P ! 5 O 0 ( T J 5 M P J ; 6 J 5 J P 6 J ! 5 < J P ! 5
M J ' J ' J B G ! P 6 J ! 5 < J ( O ! M J ' J ' J 0 ( T P 6 J ! 5 < J ( O ! M J ; 6 J ' J B G ! P 6 J ! 5 < J ( O ! O M J ; 6 J ' J 0 ( T P 6 J ! 5 < J ( O ! O M J ; 6 J 5 J B G ! P 6 J ! 5 < J ( O ! O M J ; 6 J 5 J 0 ( T P 6 J ! 5 < J ( O !
M J ' J ' J B G ! P 6 J ! 5 < J ( O ! M J ' J ' J 0 ( T P 6 J ! 5 < J ( O !
M J ; 6 J ' J B G ! P 6 J ! 5 < J ( O ! O M J ; 6 J ' J 0 ( T P 6 J ! 5 < J ( O !
M J ; 6 J 5 J B G ! P 6 J ! 5 < J ( O ! O M J ; 6 J 5 J 0 ( T P 6 J ! 5 < J ( O !
2 K - N - 0 0
,
_
,
_
+ +
+ + +
+ + +
+ + +
+
+
+
*&1&%&@ %TB,EU DCR ,1.
This metric has een uilt ased also on counters in Measurement PACH5T CA<< and follo)ing the
considerations included in section %"-"1"> +i"e"$ channel s)itching transitions from 5,< to other P6 !AB
states have een considered.?
;igh value +e"g" R1:. indicates retainaility issues for ;6,PA connections"
There is a second option ased on counters in Measurement T!A880C?
*&1&%&1A %MB,Cell37AC/ DCR ,1.
;igh value +e"g" R1:. indicates retainaility issues for data connections )hen in state CellJ8AC;"
L
G ! 5 J T O J ' J ' J B P 6 J 6 & 0 J ; 6 J ( T 5 J T O J ' J ' J 0 P 6 J 6 & 0 J ; 6 J
B G ! 5 J T O J ; 6 J ' J P 6 J 6 & 0 J ; 6 J 0 ( T 5 J T O J ; 6 J ' J P 6 J 6 & 0 J ; 6 J
J B G ! J 8 A 0 < J ; 6 J 5 P 6 J ! 5 < J O T ; O J 0 ( T J 8 A 0 < J ; 6 J 5 P 6 J ! 5 < J O T ;
O B G ! 8 A 0 < J ; 6 J 5 J P 6 J ! 5 < J ! < J O 0 ( T 8 A 0 < J ; 6 J 5 J P 6 J ! 5 < J ! < J
O B G ! J 5 M P J ; 6 J 5 J P 6 J ! 5 < J P ! 5 O 0 ( T J 5 M P J ; 6 J 5 J P 6 J ! 5 < J P ! 5
O M J ; 6 J 5 J B G ! P 6 J ! 5 < J ( O ! O M J ; 6 J 5 J 0 ( T P 6 J ! 5 < J ( O !
. M J ; 6 J 5 J B G ! P 6 J ! 5 < J ( O ! O T ! M J ; 6 J 5 J 0 ( + P 6 J ! 5 < J ( O
2 K - N - 0 0
,
_
+
+ +
+
To e completed )ith (6(
8ormula
,
_
,
_
B G ! T ; 5 ! J 8 A 0 < J ! 5 < J 5 ' C ; J O O 0 ( T T ; 5 ! J 8 A 0 < J ! 5 < J 5 ' C ; J O

O < J 8 A 0 < J B G ! ! 5 < J 5 ' C ; J ! O < J 8 A 0 < J 0 ( T ! 5 < J 5 ' C ; J !
O O ! M J B G ! ! 5 < J 5 ' C ; J ( O O ! M J 0 ( T ! 5 < J 5 ' C ; J (
B G ! T ; 5 ! J 8 A 0 < J ! 5 < J 5 ' C ; J O O 0 ( T T ; 5 ! J 8 A 0 < J ! 5 < J 5 ' C ; J O
O < J 8 A 0 < J B G ! ! 5 < J 5 ' C ; J ! O < J 8 A 0 < J 0 ( T ! 5 < J 5 ' C ; J !
N - 0 0
*&1&* ->B4inutes pe$ D$op
This HP0 gives the average time length +in minutes. et)een 1 consecutive drops" 0n other )ords? 0t is the
average numer of minutes of a continuous service efore a !AB is anormally dropped"
i"e"$ 5rlangs translated into minutes divided y the numer of drops"
As all ;igh <evel HP0s$ it can e produced at nation$ mar*et7vendor$ region$ city$ !(C$ cluster$Q levels $ ut
also on cell asis +as oth elemnets involved in the formula$ erlangs and drops$ can e eDtracted from the
,tranCell MO counters."
Please also note that?
0t is not dependent on the call duration"
0t can e used to evaluate the retainaility of each single phase of a call +;6'PA$ 'C;$ and 8AC;."
Target values are difficult to define" 0t is etter used to analyze performance trends"
The values are instale in case of good performances +the indicator points to infinite for a perfect
net)or*."
A certain level of traffic is needed to have a stale indicator"
8ormulas to calculate the Minutes per drop for different call types are sho)n neDt" 0n all the cases?
!OP +!eport Output Period. G Measurement time in minutes +eDamples? -EU$ %0U$ hour G >0U$ day G
-AA0U.
*&1&*&1 A0B,8oi"e 4inutes pe$ d$op
*&1&*&% 8ideo 4inutes pe$ d$op
*&1&*&* A1B,/S 4inutes pe$ d$op
,
_
+
N > 0 0 0
0 C 5 ' J T M J C 6 J = O A = G J ! A B J ; <
!eleases !AB Anormal of (umer
>0 N !AB a of 5rlangs Traffic

1
]
1
,
_
!eleases =oice Anormal of (umer >0 N

%>00 N -00
0C5 'JTMJC6J=O A=GJ!ABJ;<
!eleases =oice Anormal of (umer
>0 N 5rlangs Traffic =oice
,
_
+
N > 0 0 0
( = ' J T M J C 6 J C O A = G J ! A B J ; <
8ormula
*&1&9 -TBD$ops pe$ E$lan0 ,o$ D$ops pe$ /ou$.
0t is the average numer of dropped calls per - hour of connection"
i"e"$ Fust the inverse of the previous HP0 +Minutes per drop."
0t is not often used ecause it is not easily mapped on the user perception"
0t is not dependent on the call duration"
0t is more stale than Minutes per 'rop in case of good values"
*&1&9&1 A%B,8oi"e d$ops pe$ 'ou$
*&1&9&% AAB,8ideo d$ops pe$ 'ou$
*&1&9&* AEB,/S d$ops pe$ 'ou$
*&1&: -MBO#e$all Se$#i"e Retainability ( OSRET ,1.
6ince there are many different services defined in ,MT6 and each one can have a different retainaility
at any time$ an overall service reatainaility can e defined to otain an overall measure of net)or*
retainaility averaged over all services" This metric can e used in case one single measurement is to
e applied to sort out the )orst overall cells in terms of drops"
The O6!5T criterion )ill e ased on a )eighted averaging of the retainaility for the C6 and P6
services supported y the cell" The )eighting factors )ill e chosen to e the demand for the service
given y the numer of !AB 5stalish attempts for that service"
OSRET G -00 N K+CS DCR N Total C6 !eleases. O +)S DCR N Total P6 !eleases.L 7 Total C6 & P6
!eleases
)here?
CS<)S DCR G D$opped Call RateB as descried in the previous section&
>0 N !AB a of 5rlangs Traffic
!eleases !AB Anormal of (umer
8ormula
0 C 5 ' J T M J C 6 J = O A = G J ! A B J ; <
N > 0 0 0
,
_
+
( = ' J T M J C 6 J C O A = G J ! A B J ; <

N > 0 0 0
,
_
+
Or simplifying?
-00 N VK+C6 Anormal !eleases 7 C6 (ormal & Anormal !eleases. N C6 (ormal & Anormal !eleases L
O
K+P6 Anormal !eleases 7 P6 (ormal & Anormal !eleases. N P6 (ormal & Anormal !eleases LW 7
+C6 (ormal & Anormal !eleases O P6 (ormal & Anormal !eleases. G
-00 N +C6 Anormal !eleases O P6 Anormal !eleases. 7
+C6 (ormal & Anormal !eleases O P6 (ormal & Anormal !eleases.
The HP0 can e uilt for (6( in the follo)ing )ay?
*&% 3B4edium e#el +)Is: 8oi"e D$op Reasons
0n order to dig deeper into the different $easons -o$ t'e d$ops detected y the ;igh <evel HP0s
descried so far$ )e can uild the follo)ing Medium <evel HP0s$ for each type of Calls" This )ay$ for
instance?
Spee"' DCR ,1. G
!A'0O 6peech 'C! O
0u 6peech 'C! O
0ur 6peech 'C! O
BT6 6peech 'C! O
,5 6peech 'C! O
,nspecified 5rror 6peech 'C! O
Pre2emption 6peech 'C! O
!(C +OT;5!6. 6peech 'C!
To e CO(80!M5' )ith (6( if 0!AT drops are already counted in this split of reasons aove"
&e guess they are"Maye included in !(C +Others. reason"
This set of reasons are analyzed further in 6ection A +Performance Analysis 9 <o) <evel HP0s.
*&%&1 -3BRADIO 5RAB6 DCR ,1.
+Percentage of S!ABR calls dropped due to radio interface synchronization failure$ i"e"$ the radio
connection is lost.

G J , 5 0 < J P 6 J B A C H ! A B J A C T J 8 A ! J , 5 0 < J P 6 J 0 ( T 5 ! A B J A C T J 8 A J , 5 0 < J C 6 J C O ( = ! A B J A C T J 8 A 5 J , 5 0 < J C 6 J = O 0 C ! A B J A C T J 8 A
O G J ! ( C 0 < J P 6 J B A C H ! A B J A C T J 8 A O ! J ! ( C 0 < J P 6 J 0 ( T 5 ! A B J A C T J 8 A O J ! ( C 0 < J C 6 J C O ( = ! A B J A C T J 8 A O 5 J ! ( C 0 < J C 6 J = O 0 C ! A B J A C T J 8 A
O G J 0 , ! 0 < J P 6 J B A C H ! A B J A C T J 8 A O ! J 0 , ! 0 < J P 6 J 0 ( T 5 ! A B J A C T J 8 A O J 0 , ! 0 < J C 6 J C O ( = ! A B J A C T J 8 A O 5 J 0 , ! 0 < J C 6 J = O 0 C ! A B J A C T J 8 A
O G J B T 6 0 < J P 6 J B A C H ! A B J A C T J 8 A O ! J B T 6 0 < J P 6 J 0 ( T 5 ! A B J A C T J 8 A J B T 6 0 < J C 6 J C O ( = ! A B J A C T J 8 A 5 J B T 6 0 < J C 6 J = O 0 C ! A B J A C T J 8 A
O G J ! A ' 0 O 0 < J P 6 J B A C H ! A B J A C T J 8 A O ! J ! A ' 0 O 0 < J P 6 J 0 ( T 5 ! A B J A C T J 8 A O J ! A ' 0 O 0 < J C 6 J C O ( = ! A B J A C T J 8 A O 5 J ! A ' 0 O 0 < J C 6 J = O 0 C ! A B J A C T J 8 A
O G J 0 , 0 < J P 6 J B A C H ! A B J A C T J 8 A O ! J 0 , 0 < J P 6 J 0 ( T 5 ! A B J A C T J 8 A O J 0 , 0 < J C 6 J C O ( = ! A B J A C T J 8 A O 5 J 0 , 0 < J C 6 J = O 0 C ! A B J A C T J 8 A
O P J 5 M P < J C 6 J C O ( = J ! A B J A C T J ! 5 O J P J 5 M P < J C 6 J = O 0 C 5 ! A B J A C T J ! 5
P 5 J 5 ! J C ( < J P 6 J B J , ( 6 ! A B J A C T J ! 5 P 5 J 5 ! J C ( < J P 6 J 0 J , ( 6 ! A B J A C T J ! 5 P 5 J 5 ! J C ( < J C 6 J C J , ( 6 ! A B J A C T J ! 5 P 5 J 5 ! J C ( < J C 6 J = J , ( 6 ! A B J A C T J ! 5
J 6 ! ( C < J P 6 J B A C H G ! A B J A C T J ! 5 J 6 ! ( C < J P 6 J 0 ( T 5 ! ! A B J A C T J ! 5 6 ! ( C < J C 6 J C O ( = J ! A B J A C T J ! 5 J 6 ! ( C < J C 6 J = O 0 C 5 ! A B J A C T J ! 5
O G M P J P 6 J B A C H ! A B J A C T J C O ! M P J P 6 J 0 ( T 5 ! A B J A C T J C O O 5 M P J C 6 J = O 0 C ! A B J A C T J C O

G J , 5 0 < J P 6 J B A C H ! A B J A C T J 8 A ! J , 5 0 < J P 6 J 0 ( T 5 ! A B J A C T J 8 A J , 5 0 < J C 6 J C O ( = ! A B J A C T J 8 A 5 J , 5 0 < J C 6 J = O 0 C ! A B J A C T J 8 A
O G J ! ( C 0 < J P 6 J B A C H ! A B J A C T J 8 A O ! J ! ( C 0 < J P 6 J 0 ( T 5 ! A B J A C T J 8 A O J ! ( C 0 < J C 6 J C O ( = ! A B J A C T J 8 A O 5 J ! ( C 0 < J C 6 J = O 0 C ! A B J A C T J 8 A
O G J 0 , ! 0 < J P 6 J B A C H ! A B J A C T J 8 A O ! J 0 , ! 0 < J P 6 J 0 ( T 5 ! A B J A C T J 8 A O J 0 , ! 0 < J C 6 J C O ( = ! A B J A C T J 8 A O 5 J 0 , ! 0 < J C 6 J = O 0 C ! A B J A C T J 8 A
O G J B T 6 0 < J P 6 J B A C H ! A B J A C T J 8 A O ! J B T 6 0 < J P 6 J 0 ( T 5 ! A B J A C T J 8 A J B T 6 0 < J C 6 J C O ( = ! A B J A C T J 8 A 5 J B T 6 0 < J C 6 J = O 0 C ! A B J A C T J 8 A
O G J ! A ' 0 O 0 < J P 6 J B A C H ! A B J A C T J 8 A O ! J ! A ' 0 O 0 < J P 6 J 0 ( T 5 ! A B J A C T J 8 A O J ! A ' 0 O 0 < J C 6 J C O ( = ! A B J A C T J 8 A O 5 J ! A ' 0 O 0 < J C 6 J = O 0 C ! A B J A C T J 8 A
O G J 0 , 0 < J P 6 J B A C H ! A B J A C T J 8 A O ! J 0 , 0 < J P 6 J 0 ( T 5 ! A B J A C T J 8 A O J 0 , 0 < J C 6 J C O ( = ! A B J A C T J 8 A O 5 J 0 , 0 < J C 6 J = O 0 C ! A B J A C T J 8 A
P 5 J 5 ! J C ( < J P 6 J B J , ( 6 ! A B J A C T J ! 5 P 5 J 5 ! J C ( < J P 6 J 0 J , ( 6 ! A B J A C T J ! 5 P 5 J 5 ! J C ( < J C 6 J C J , ( 6 ! A B J A C T J ! 5 P 5 J 5 ! J C ( < J C 6 J = J , ( 6 ! A B J A C T J ! 5
O P J 5 M P < J C 6 J C O ( = J ! A B J A C T J ! 5 O J P J 5 M P < J C 6 J = O 0 C 5 ! A B J A C T J ! 5
N - 0 0
,
_
,
_
+ + +
+ +
+ + +
+ + + +
+
+ + +
+ +
+ + + +

5 0 < J + ! A B . J , ! A B J A C T J 8 A O ( C 0 < J + ! A B . J ! ! A B J A C T J 8 A
O , ! 0 < J + ! A B . J 0 ! A B J A C T J 8 A O T 6 0 < J + ! A B . J B ! A B J A C T J 8 A
O A ' 0 O 0 < J + ! A B . J ! ! A B J A C T J 8 A O , 0 < J + ! A B . J 0 ! A B J A C T J 8 A
6 P 5 J 5 ! J C ( < J + ! A B . J , ( ! A B J A C T J ! 5 O 5 M P < J + ! A B . J P J ! A B J A C T J ! 5
( C < J + ! A B . J 6 ! ! A B J A C T J ! 5 O M P J + ! A B . ! A B J A C T J C O
A ' 0 O 0 < J + ! A B . J ! ! A B J A C T J 8 A
N - 0 0
,
_
+
+
&here the string B+!AB.C must e replaced y one of the follo)ing RAB types?
C6J=O0C5 +C6J=.$
C6JCO(= +C6J=.$
C6J6T!5A +C6J6.$
P6JCO(= +P6JC.$
P6J6T!5A +P6J6.$
P6J0(T5! +P6J0.$
P6JBACHG +P6JB."
(ote? 0n rac*ets$ the string to e used for counters BQJ,(6P5J5!JC(C"
8or S!easonR )S 'C!$ counters for oth P6J0(T5! and P6JBACHG are to e added in the formula"
(ote that these 1 !AB types +P6J0(T5! and P6JBACHG. do not have counters for drops due to pre2
emption +PJ5MP.? Pre2emption is not done for (!T !ABs +interactive and ac*ground." (!T 'C;s can e
released to ma*e room for !T !ABs ut this is not called Bpre2emptionC ut B!T over (!TC"
0t is possile to put together in a similar formula all types of !ABs to estimate the total contriution of a
certain S'rop !easonR to the Overall 'C!"
;igh value +e"g" R1:. indicates retainaility prolems related to the !8 environment"
*&%&% 10BIu 5RAB6 DCR ,1.
+Percentage of S!ABR calls dropped due to some abnormal reason related to Iu-interface.
&here the string B+!AB.C must e replaced y one of the follo)ing RAB types? C6J=O0C5 +C6J=.$ C6JCO(= +C6J=.$ C6J6T!5A +C6J6.$ P6JCO(= +P6JC.$
P6J6T!5A +P6J6.$ P6J0(T5! +P6J0.$ P6JBACHG +P6JB." (ote? 0n rac*ets$ the string to e used for counters BQJ,(6P5J5!JC(C"
(ote that these 1 !AB types +P6J0(T5! and P6JBACHG. do not have counters for drops due to pre2emption +PJ5MP."
;igh value +e"g" R1:. indicates retainaility prolems related to 0u2interface"
*&%&* 1-BIu$ 5RAB6 DCR ,1.
+Percentage of =oice calls dropped caused y drift !(C proceduresI for eDample$ radio lin* reconfiguration
failure in '!(C.

, 0 < J + ! A B . J 0 ! A B J A C T J 8 A
N - 0 0
,
_
+
+

, ! 0 < J + ! A B . J 0 ! A B J A C T J 8 A
N - 0 0
,
_
+
+
;igh value +e"g" R1:. indicates retainaility prolems related to 0ur2interface"
*&%&9 1-BBTS 5RAB6 DCR ,1.
+Percentage of =oice calls dropped caused y BT6 +for eDample$ radio lin* setup or reconfiguration
prolem.
;igh value +e"g" R1:. indicates retainaility prolems related to 0ur2interface"
*&%&: 10BUE 5RAB6 DCR ,1.
+Percentage of S!ABR calls dropped caused y the ,5"
The !(C sends 0,7!AB !5<5A65 !54,56T message to the C( ecause the ,5 is not responding to an !!C
message or the ,5 is responding )ith such failure message that the connection must e released."
;igh value +e"g" R1:. indicates retainaility prolems related to the ,5"
*&%&; 1-BUnspe"i-ied E$$o$ 5RAB6 DCR ,1.
+Percentage of S!ABR active releases )ith Punspecified failureP cause received from C(."
;igh value +e"g" R1:. indicates retainaility prolems to e investigated further$ li*ely CO!5$ T@$
Protocol$Q issues"
*&%&= 10B)$e(emption 5RAB6 DCR ,1.
+Percentage of RT S!ABR released due to pre2emption."

T 6 0 < J + ! A B . J B ! A B J A C T J 8 A
N - 0 0
,
_
+
+

5 0 < J + ! A B . J , ! A B J A C T J 8 A
N - 0 0
,
_
+
+

( 6 P 5 J 5 ! J C ( 0 < J + ! A B . J , ! A B J A C T J 8 A
N - 0 0
,
_
+
+

J 5 M P 0 < J + ! A B . J P ! A B J A C T J 8 A
N - 0 0
,
_
+
+
Pre2emption is not done for (!T !ABs +interactive and ac*ground." (!T 'C;s can e released to ma*e room for !T !ABs$ ut this is not called pre2
emption"
;igh value +e"g" R1:. indicates retainaility prolems related to the ,5"
*&%&? 1-BRNC ,OT/ERS. 5RAB6 DCR ,1.
+Percentage of S!ABR calls dropped caused y some reason not covered y the other failure counters.
;igh value +e"g" R1:. indicates retainaility prolems related to OT;5! reasons"
8or =oice 'C!$ there is a contriution that should e revie)ed already at this level?
*&%&@ 11BIRAT Spee"' DCR ,1.
+Percentage of 8oi"e 0!AT dropped calls$ i"e"$ C6J=O0C5 calls that drop +Blost callsC. after the X;O from
,T!A(U command is sent to ,5."
(ote that calls that attempt an 0!AT ;O?
5ither succeed in getting the 1G system +6uccessful 0!AT ;O.$
or return to ,T!A( if they cannot get the 1G system +0!AT ;O 8ailure.
or d$op +G are <O6T$ if they fail to get the 1G system and also fail to get ac* to the %G system.
This formula sho)s the contriution of the =oice 0!AT drops to the total 6peech 'C! +:."
;igh value +e"g" R1:. indicates specific retainaility prolems associated to 0!AT ;O"

( C 0 < J + ! A B . J ! ! A B J A C T J 8 A
N - 0 0
,
_
+
+

C ( J , ( 6 P 5 J 5 ! J < J C 6 J = O 0 C 5 ! A B J A C T J ! 5 O J P J 5 M P < J C 6 J = O 0 C 5 ! A B J A C T J ! 5
J 6 ! ( C < J C 6 J = O 0 C 5 ! A B J A C T J ! 5 O 5 M P J C 6 J = O 0 C ! A B J A C T J C O
! T 6 J ; ; O J & P 6 J C O ( J ' ! P 6 J 0 J 6 C J ! T ; O J < B J ! 6 = ! C O ( ' ! J 0 6 J ;
; O J 6 B J ! T C O ( ' ! J 0 6 J ; T O T J ! T ; O J < B J P T @ J C O ( ' ! J 0 6 J ;
T O T J ! T ; O J < B J P ! @ J C O ( ' ! J 0 6 J ; < 0 M J ! T ; O J < B J ! 5 6 J C O ( ' ! J 0 6 J ;
G J C A < < 6 J ; ; O J 5 M 5 ! C O ( J ' ! P 6 J 0
M 6 J ! T 6 J ; ; O J 0 M J 0 C O ( J ' ! P 6 J 0 J ! T 6 J ; ; O J 5 C ( O C O ( J ' ! P 6 J 0
J ! T 6 J ; ; O J ! 6 C P C O ( J ' ! P 6 J 0 P C ; J ! T 6 J ; ; O J ' < J ' C O ( J ' ! P 6 J 0
& ! J ! T 6 J ; ; O J , 5 J P C O ( J ' ! P 6 J 0 C ; J 4 J ! T 6 J ; ; O J , < J ' C O ( J ' ! P 6 J 0
N - 0 0
,
_
,
_
+
+
+
+ +
+ +
+
+ +
+ +
+ +
9 %B)ER7OR4ANCE ANA!SIS
8ollo)ing the Hierarchical KPIs methodology descried in Claro internal doc" !ef" Claro ####"## $
Optimization process$ once identified areas7nodes7cells sho)ing ad performance through the overall
HP0s defined aove$ analysis to find out the cause root of the prolem should e performed" To do so$
)e move to)ards an in2depth analysis ased in more detailed and specific ra) counters +oC e#el
+)Is."
0n the case of (6( infra$ this analysis for !etainaility issues )ill eDplore in the different directions
pointed out y the Medium <evel HP0s descried in the previous section for =oice calls?
!A'0O? !adio coverage issues?
o ,plin* prolems
o 'o)nlin* prolems
BT6? Moility issues?
o ;andover failures
o Missing neighor relations
o 0!AT708 handover issues
P!525MPT0O(? Capacity issues
Other faults +0u$ 0ur$ ,5$ ,nspecified 5rrors$ !(C."
9&1 -0BRadio Co#e$a0e Issues
Any condition related to the radio lin*s propagation that can lead to lose the radio synchronization
either from the ,5 side +'O&(<0(H. or from the !B6 side +,P<0(H."
Typically the prolem is due to high pathloss and7or interference"
9&1&1 1ABUplin> )$oblems
8rom the net)or* side +!B6. the uplin* radio synchronization is handled y different algorithms that
monitor?
,5s in 'C; state +also valid for ;6 and 5,<.
,5s in cell 8AC; state or ,!AJPC; state
9&1&1&1 ATB,Radio Conne"tion Supe$#ision -o$ UE in Cell3DC/
&hen the ,5 detects a radio lin* failure due to loss of <- synchronisation in CellJ'C; state$ the ,5
initiates a cell selection procedure" 0f a ne) cell is found during the time supervision$ the ,5 changes its
!!C state to CellJ8AC; state$ and performs a cell update procedure"
The !(C chec*s )hether the radio lin*s in the active set of the ,5 are synchronised y setting a radio
lin*2specific Pin syncP7Pout of syncP status ased on the indications received from the BT6+s." !adio
lin*+s. )ith Pout of syncP status are not deleted immediately$ since the ,5 has a T%-%2specified numer
of seconds to re2estalish a <- synchronisation efore radio lin* failure criteria is fulfilled"
&hen all the radio lin*s in the active set are in Pout of syncP state$ the !(C starts the corresponding
time supervision and starts to )ait for a (BAP? !adio <in* !estore 0ndication +or !(6AP?!adio <in*
!estore 0ndication. procedure from the BT6+s. +or '!(6." Once the time supervision ends$ the !(C
chec*s the timer T%-E$ and depending on its value and the used service +!T$ (!T or oth.$ an !!C
connection re2estalishment or an !!C?!!C Connection !elease procedure is initiated as follo)s?
0n case of a !T2only service$ all !T radio earers are released locally +T%-A G 0. and the 0u release
re/uest is sent to the C("
0f T%-E is set to zero$ all (!T radio earers +also the !T !B+s.$ if eDisting. are released locally$ and the
0u release re/uest is sent to the C(+s."
0f T%-E R 0$ the )aiting of a !!C connection re2estalishment is initiated$ that is$ a supervision timer
corresponding to the ,5 timer T%-E is started" All !T radio earers are released locally$ and the 0u release
re/uest is sent to the C62C("
'uring T%-E$ the ,5 must to e ale to select a suitale ,T!A( cell$ and initiate the cell update
procedure$ other)ise the !(C initiates the 0u release re/uest )ith cause value Y!adio Connection &ith
,5 <ostY to)ards the P62C("
9&1&1&% ATB,Radio Conne"tion Supe$#ision -o$ UE in Cell37AC/
0n C5<<J8AC; state$ supervision is provided y monitoring periodic Cell ,pdate messages sent y the
,5"
0n ,!AJPC; state periodic ,!A ,pdate messages are sent instead"
0n the CellJ8AC; state$ the location of the ,5 is *no)n at cell level in the !(C" A cell update procedure
is used to report to the !(C )hen the ,5 eDecutes cell reselection" 0n the CellJ8AC; state$ the cell
update procedure replaces handover"
&hen the ,5 is s)itched to the CellJ8AC; state +for eDample$ CellJ'C; to CellJ8AC; transition$ paging
the ,5 from the PC; states or y ,5 initiated Cell7,!A update.$ the !!C entity starts a supervision timer
and )aits for a periodic cell update" This timer is derived from ,5 parameters T%0E$ T%0T$ (%01 and
T%01"
0f the ,5 is s)itched immediately ac* to the PC; states +for eDample$ after the periodic update.$ the
supervision timer is +re.started from the initial value$ to )ait for periodic cell update"

&hile the ,5 stays in the CellJ8AC; state$ the supervision timer is +re.started from the initial value$ to
)ait for periodic cell update$ each time a Cell7,!A update is received from the ,5"
0f the ,5 2 after inactivity detection in CellJ8AC; state 2 is s)itched directly from CellJ'C; to the PC;
states +via CellJ8AC; state.$ the supervision timer is *ept running to )ait for periodic cell update"
,!adio Connection 6upervision )a$amete$s ,?
8inal recommended setting under discussion" Trial ongoing to e completed"
,< '<
+NN. ;ardcoded"
,
Typical reasons for uplin* prolems?
;igh pathloss? ,5 is too far from the site or the propagation is loc*ed y ostacles" This condition
could e chec*ed y evaluating some environment indicators"
;igh ,< interference? the !B6 cannot receive the ,5 ecause of high ,< interference" This condition
can e chec*ed y ,< !660 monitoring counters?
o MA@0M,MJP!@TOTA< +dBm.? chec* the 30th perc or the maD value" !esults higher than 23E dBm can
e associated )ith ,< synch prolems
o Averaged value of ,< !660" =alues higher than 230 dBm can e associated )ith ,< synch prolems"
!efer to the Optimization Guidelines? Capacity in (6( for further details regarding ho) to calculate it"
9&1&% 1EBDoCnlin> )$oblems
Algorithms similar to uplin* !adio Connection 6upervision are eDecuted y the ,5 to monitor the
do)nlin* radio connection" 0n case of '< synchronization lost the ,5 suspends the ,< transmission
)ithout any notice" The final result )ill e again an ,< synchronization lostZ 8or further details in ,<7'<
6ynchronization Monitoring$ refer to A((5@ 00"
Typical reasons for do)nlin* prolems?
;igh pathloss? ,5 is too far from the site or the propagation is loc*ed y ostacles"
This condition could e chec*ed y evaluating some environment indicators"
;igh '< interference? the /uality of the signal received y the ,5 is poor even if the level is acceptale"
8ast environment changes due to ,5 moility +outdoor7indoor transitions$ corner effects. )here the
po)er control is not capale to /uic*ly adapt"
8or further investigation?
C(ec- follo)in. counters i n 0easurement& ac-et Call 1023445&
S"RE$"R$"#!I$"%S"E"INT 6 S"RE$"R$"#!I$"%S"E"B,R
S"RE$"R$"#!I$"%S"/"INT 6 S"RE$"R$"#!I$"%S"/"B,R
S"RE$"R$"#!I$"/"/"INT 6 S"RE$"R$"#!I$"/"/"B,R
T(e number of %S-/SC%7E-/C% 1or %S-/SC%7/C% or /C%7/C%5 pac-et call releases caused b8 radio lin- failures for t(e
interacti*e 1bac-.round5 traffic class.
Updated& '(en a pac-et call is released due to a radio lin- failure, t(at is, all radio lin-s .o out of t(e s8nc state durin. a pac-et call
and t(us t(e dedicated user plane is released.
C(ec- follo)in. counters i n 0easurement& Traffic 1023345&
RE$"!$$9"R$"#!I$"%S"/SC%"INT 6 RE$"!$$9"R$"#!I$"%S"/SC%"B,R
The numer of ;62'6C; allocation releases due to radio lin* failure$ !<C protocol reset or uplin* !<C unrecoverale
error for interactive +ac*ground. class connections"
,pdated? &hen the userYs ;62'6C; allocation is released due to radio lin* failure$ !<C protocol reset or uplin* !<C
unrecoverale error +Cell ,pdate sent y ,5."
RE$"E/C%"R$"#!I$"INT 6 RE$"E/C%"R$"#!I$"B,R
T(e number of E-/C% releases for interacti*e 1bac-.round5 class connections due to a radio lin- failure, an uplin- R$C
unreco*erable error, or due to t(e UE not respondin. to an RRC messa.e sent b8 t(e RNC.
Updated& '(en t(e E-/C% is released due to a radio lin- failure, an uplin- R$C unreco*erable error, or due to t(e UE not respondin.
to an RRC messa.e.
C(ec- follo)in. counter i n 0easurement& RRC si.nallin. 10233:5&
CE$$"U/!TE"!TT"R"$IN+"#!I$&
! number of cell update attempts due to a radio lin- failure.
Updated& '(en t(e RRC si.nallin. entit8 recei*es a CE$$"U/!TE messa.e )it( C!USE ;Radio lin- failure;.
9&1&* 1>Baye$ % 7ailu$es t$i00e$ed by Co#e$a0e
Before the !C6 timers eDpire in the !(C$ the !<C protocol could detect the prolem and trigger the
connection release ecause of !<C unrecoverale error"
The errors are related )ith the !<C Ac*no)ledged Mode that is used )ith the 6!B associated to all !ABs
and )ith the user data of P6 0nteractive connections" The error is typically triggered y a too high
numer of retransmission and the )ait timers of ac*no)ledgment"
0f the numer of retransmissions of the !<C !565T P', eDceeds the upper limit in ,52!<C$ the ,5 sends
a cell update message +)ith cause value P!<C unrecoverale errorP. to the !(C" The ,5 should indicate
in the message )hether the unrecoverale error eDists in the signalling radio earer 6!B1$ 6!B% or
6!BA or in another radio earer +!BRA."
&hen this <1 signalling error occurs$ the !(C initiates an !<C !eestalishment procedure for the ,5"
Chec* counters in Measurement Traffic +M-001. suggested in previous section A"-"1
C(ec- follo)in. counter i n 0easurement& RRC si.nallin. 10233:5&
CE$$"U/!TE"!TT"R$C"ERR
! number of cell update attempts due to an R$C unreco*erable error.
Updated& '(en t(e RRC si.nallin. entit8 recei*es a CE$$"U/!TE messa.e )it( C!USE ;R$C unreco*erable error;.
RRC"C9NN"RE$"RNC"INT
T(e number of RRC connection releases due to RNC internal reason.
Updated& '(en R$C unreco*erable error (appens in CE$$"/C% or CE$$"#!C% state )it( S connection.
9&1&9 1TBC$iti"al $adio p$o"edu$e -ailu$es due to "o#e$a0e
The most common radio procedure failed y coverage is the Active 6et ,pdate +6;O eDecution.
C(ec- follo)in. counters i n 0easurement& RRC si.nallin. 10233:5&
!S"U/!TE"R$"!//"#!I$"UE&
T(e number of failed radio lin- additions )it( an acti*e set update procedure due to t(e UE respondin. )it( an RRC& !CTI<E SET
U/!TE #!I$URE messa.e.
Updated& '(en t(e ser*in. RNC recei*es an RRC& !CTI<E SET U/!TE #!I$URE messa.e from t(e UE, t(is counter is updated
b8 t(e number of radio lin-s t(at )ere attempted to be added to t(e UE;s acti*e set )it( t(e acti*e set update procedure, also in a cell
replacement procedure. T(e counter is updated for t(e cells )(ic( )ere attempted to be added to t(e acti*e set. In case of a /RNC
cell, t(e 'BTS-37'CE$-3 ob=ect is used.
!S"U/!TE"R$"!//"N9RE$>&
T(e number of failed radio lin- additions )it( an acti*e set update procedure due to t(e UE not respondin. to an RRC& !CTI<E SET
U/!TE messa.e.
Updated& '(en t(e ser*in. RNC does not recei*e a repl8 to an RRC& !CTI<E SET U/!TE messa.e sent to t(e UE, t(is counter is
updated b8 t(e number of radio lin-s t(at )ere attempted to be added into t(e UE;s acti*e set )it( t(e acti*e set update procedure,
also in a cell replacement procedure. T(e counter is updated for t(e cells )(ic( )ere attempted to be added into t(e acti*e set. In
case of a /RNC cell, t(e 'BTS-37'CE$-3 ob=ect is used.
C(ec- follo)in. counters in 0easurement& Soft (ando*er 10233?5
(ote that an active set update can e part of ranch addition$ ranch deletion or ranch replacement"
UNSUCC"U/!TES"9N"S%9"#9R"RT&
T(e number of unsuccessful acti*e set updates for RT traffic.
Updated& '(en t(e RNC recei*es an RRC& !CTI<E SET U/!TE #!I$URE messa.e from t(e UE or t(e RNC does not recei*e
RRC& !CTI<E SET U/!TE C90$ETE messa.e from t(e UE )it(in a certain time period. T(is counter is updated in e*er8 cell
belon.in. to t(e acti*e set before c(an.es.
UNSUCC"U/!TES"9N"S%9"NRT&
T(e number of unsuccessful acti*e set updates for NRT traffic.
Updated& '(en t(e RNC recei*es an RRC& !CTI<E SET U/!TE #!I$URE messa.e from t(e UE or t(e RNC does not recei*e an
RRC& !CTI<E SET U/!TE C90$ETE messa.e from t(e UE )it(in a certain time period. T(is counter is updated in e*er8 cell
belon.in. to t(e acti*e set before c(an.es.
9&1&: 1MBRadio En#i$onment E#aluation
(6( TOO<s similar to &2M!!$ GP5;$Q [[[ To completed y (6("
5valuating radio environment characteristics y counters?
!adio 5nvironment straight indicators
!adio 5nvironment 6tatistics +!56. and O66 &2M!!
9&1&:&1 AMB,)$ima$y St$ai0't Indi"ato$s
C)IC/ RSC) +the signal strength of the pilot channel. 6amples at lo) level +S2-0E dBm. means high
pathloss prolems" 0f the service should perform 0!AT ;O or 08 ;O +e"g" speech. this could e a prolem
in the 0!AT708 settings"
C)IC/ E"<No +the signal to total interference ratio. 6amples at lo) level +S2-% dB. means poor signal
/uality" 0f the service should perform 0!AT ;O or 08 ;O +e"g" speech. this could e a prolem in the
0!AT708 settings"
UE TD )oCe$ +the ,5 transmitted po)er. 6amples at high level +RO-E dBm. means ,< prolems" 0t
could e again high pathloss or high ,< interference"
9&1&:&% A3B,Se"onda$y Indi"ato$s
6ome clues to detect ad radio coverage conditions y standard counters?
Compressed Mode activation events +0!AT of 08 measurement activation.7 Traffic 5rlang of services that
can start CM +6peech$ Ps!33.
Compressed mode average numer of users 7 Traffic 5rlang of services that can start CM +6peech$ P6
!33.
(umer of 0!AT eDecution7 (ormal !AB releases
C40 'istriution
CE$$"U/"!TT"RE"ENT"S"!RE! 1number of cell update attempts due to a re-entered ser*ice area5
9&1&:&* E0B,E(4RR
6imilar TOO< in (etAct" OPT0M0\5! Capailities[
9&1&:&9 E-B,G)E/ -o$ Radio Co#e$a0e Analysis
6imilar TOO< in (etAct" OPT0M0\5! Capailities[
9&1&:&: E1B,RRC measu$ement Repo$ts
0n case measurements type !56 in 5777 are activated it )ill e possile to capture the periodical M!s
containing the scheduled measurements" The information can e correlated to the other GP5; events to
provide a very advanced analysis"
!!CJ!!CJCO((5CT0O(J!54,56T 2 The message has to e fully decoded$ then all the included
measurement )ill e availale$ in particular the 5c7(o =alue of the cell )here the connection is
re/uested" 6ampling )ill e uniform all over the cell" 0t could e helpful to correlate the 5c7(o values
)ith the !!C 5stalishment Cause to evaluate coverage for different user activities
!!CJM5A6,!5M5(TJ!5PO!T 2 By counting the measurement reports for events 1d it is possile to
count ho) many times the connection )as ad for !6CP or for 5c7(o" To distinguish 1d2!6CP from 1d2
5c7(o use the Measurement 0dentity information element retrieved from the fully decoded message +-%
and -1 respectively.
(6( Measurement B6oft handoverC +M-00T. provides information on the CP0C; 5c7(o distriution
through counters?
CIC%"ECN9"C$!SS"@ 1)(ere @ A 3 to B5
Number of recei*ed 2! intra-freCuenc8 measurement reports in )(ic( t(e CIC% Ec7No *alue is inside t(e Class @ ran.e 1see table
belo) for t(e CIC% Ec7No distribution classes 1mappin. based on D, TS 4E.2DD55.
T(e Ec7No counter is updated to t(e best SRNC side cell, )(ic( can be eit(er one of t(e current acti*e set cells or one of t(e e*ent-
tri..ered cells.
9&% --B4obility Issues
This section covers 0ntrafre/uency ;O$ 0nterfre/uency ;O +08;O. and 0!AT ;O$ in those aspects )ith
impact in !etainaility?
6oft76ofter ;andover failures
Missing neighor relations
0!AT ;andover failures
08 ;andover 8ailures
!efer to Claro internal doc" !ef"####"##? Optimization Guidelines 9 Moility in (6( for further details
regarding Moility in general"
9&%&1 13B6So-t<So-te$ /ando#e$ 7ailu$es
&hen ,5 in connected mode moves )ithin a &C'MA carrier it should al)ays stay connected )ith the
est cells$ other)ise?
The do)nlin* connection /uality )ill deeply decrease ecause of the interference of the strongest
+non2used. cell" +5ach cell acts as interferer for the others.
The ,5 shall generate high ,< interference in the closest +non2used. cell"
6ome !(Cs implements special measures to avoid ,< prolems in the target cell and they could even
decide to release a dangerous connection" KTo e confirmed )ith (6( if this is also implemented in (6(
!(CsL
0f the ,5 reports to the !(C the measurement from an un*no)n +not in the neighour list. cell that is
stronger than the est cell in the current active set O Ba certain offsetC$ then the call )ill e released"
0f the ,5 reports a measurement from a neighour cell$ that is stronger than the current active set O Ba
certain offsetC$ cannot e added to the active set for any reason$ then the call )ill also e released"
Most common reason to have handover failure is ecause the target cell cannot accept incoming call
due to admission loc* or failure in other resources allocation failure +e"g" transport or '< channelization
code." Also the !< 6etup or !< Addition procedures may fail +(BAP !adio lin* 6etup 8ailure 7 (BAP !adio
lin* Addition 8ailure received. or the Active 6et ,pdate procedure fails +!!C Active 6et ,pdate 8ailure
received. or Active 6et ,pdate procedure times out in the ,5"
&e have uild follo)ing Moility metric ased in counters already descried in section A"-"A +A6,
procedures for !< addition.?
So-t /O -ailu$e $ate ,1.?
Poor 6;O failure rate could eDplain dropped calls in the neighours"
8or further investigation on the reasons )hy the !< additions are failing$ chec* follo)ing counters in
Measurement? <% signalling at 0u +M-00E." Counters in this section are updated only for ase stations
using %GPP (BAP protocol"
BR!NC%"!//"#!I$"SRNC"BTS"NR
! number of radio lin- branc( addition failures for softer %9 on SRNC side caused b8 t(e fact t(at a BTS is not respondin.. If t(e
BTS does not respond in t(e allo)ed time.
Updated& '(en a dedicated NB! si.nallin. entit8 does not recei*e an8 response from a BTS to a
R!/I9"$IN+"!//ITI9N"REFUEST messa.e.
BR!NC%"!//"#!I$"SRNC"RN$
T(e number of radio lin- branc( addition failures for softer %9 on SRNC side due to radio net)or- la8er cause.
Updated& '(en a dedicated NB! si.nallin. entit8 recei*es an NB!&R!/I9 $IN+ !//ITI9N #!I$URE messa.e from a BTS.
BR!NC%"!//"#!I$"SRNC"TR$
T(e number of radio lin- branc( addition failures for softer %9 on SRNC side due to transmission la8er cause.
,pdated? &hen a dedicated (BAP signalling entity receives an (BAP?!A'0O <0(H A''0T0O( 8A0<,!5 message from a
BT6"
BR!NC%"!//"#!I$"SRNC"R9T
T(e number of radio lin- branc( addition failures for softer %9 on SRNC side due to protocol cause.
BT6"
( )
5P<]. !<JA''J(O! A6J,P'AT5J <J,5 !<JA''J8A0 A6J,P'AT5J CC J!<JA''J6, +A6J,P'AT5
5P<] !<JA''J(O! A6J,P'AT5J <J,5 !<JA''J8A0 A6J,P'AT5J
N -00
+ +
+
BR!NC%"!//"#!I$"SRNC"0ISC
T(e number of radio lin- branc( addition failures for softer %9 on SRNC side due to miscellaneous cause.
BR!NC%"!//"#!I$"/RNC"BTS"NR
! number of radio lin- branc( addition failures for softer %9 on /RNC side caused b8 t(e fact t(at a BTS is not respondin..
Updated& '(en a dedicated NB! si.nallin. entit8 does not recei*e an8 response from a BTS to a
R!/I9"$IN+"!//ITI9N"REFUEST messa.e.
BR!NC%"!//"#!I$"/RNC"RN$
T(e number of radio lin- branc( addition failures for softer %9 on /RNC side due to radio net)or- la8er cause.
BR!NC%"!//"#!I$"/RNC"TR$
T(e number of radio lin- branc( addition failures for softer %9 on /RNC side due to transmission la8er cause.
BT6"
BR!NC%"!//"#!I$"/RNC"R9T
T(e number of radio lin- branc( addition failures for softer %9 on /RNC side due to protocol cause.
BT6"
BR!NC%"!//"#!I$"/RNC"0ISC
T(e number of radio lin- branc( addition failures for softer %9 on /RNC side due to miscellaneous cause.
9&%&% %0B4issin0 Nei0'bou$ Relations
The most common cause for a missed handover is the missing neighour relation"
Any (6( tool in (etAct +Optimizer. similar to 5777 &(C6 that can help in missing neighour relation
identification[[
9&%&* %-BIRAT /ando#e$ 7ailu$es
0!AT ;O should reduce the dropped calls
y moving the connections to)ards G6M
efore they drop"
The real user perception of retainaility
ho)ever depends on oth drop call rate on
&C'MA and on G6M side" &rong 0!AT ;O
settings or )rong definition of 0!AT
neighours can delay or loc* the
eDecution of the handover )ith a negative
effect on the retainaility" Moreover some
failures during the 0!AT ;O eDecution can
produce dropped calls"
0t is important to understand that CS IRAT
/O is asically a %2steps process?
6tep -? )$epa$ation Phase
Preparing the 1G net)or* for the incoming
;O"
6tep 1? EDe"ution Phase
Ordering the ,5 to handover to the 1G
net)or*"
6tep %? Con-i$mation Phase
!eceiving confirmation from the 1G
net)or* that 0!AT ;O )as successful"
'ifferent metrics can e defined to get a complete understanding of the 0!AT Performance?
0n 6ection %"1"3 aove )e already introduced the IRAT Spee"' DCR ,1.$ providing the percentage of
=oice 'rops that are 0!AT drops" 0t gives an initial idea of the importance of the 0!AT prolem$ in case it
is present"
1
2
3
Be a)are that 0!AT ;O 8ailure does not mean Bdropped callC? 0f the ,5 fails in getting the 1G system$ it
)ill try to get ac* to %G" Only those calls that fail oth in getting gsm and then also to reac/uire umts
are considered BlostC +0!AT drops." But eing already in the order of the %G coverage$ all the delays$
attempts and reattempts to move to 1G can only increase the proaility to finally drop" 6ame impact
can e eDpected from delays due to Preparation 8ailures"
8ollo)ing HP0s are calculated also for =oice Calls$ ut can e calculated as )ell for other !ABs +Multi2
!AB$ 6!B 6tandalone$ C6 streaming."
Spee"' Relo"ation )$epa$ation 7ailu$e Rate ,1.
Percentage of 0!AT ;O 8ailures due to Preparation Phase issues +over the total numer of positive 0!AT
;O decisions ta*en y the !(C? inter2system ;;O attempt is started G !A(AP? !5<OCAT0O( !54,0!5'
message sent to C(."
;igh values point out to prolems in the Core (et)or* or in the target G6M (et)or* +resource allocation
failure in the target G6M cell$ including congestion.
)e$"enta0e o- Spee"' IRAT /ando#e$ lost ,IRAT d$ops. o#e$ t'e total numbe$ o- attempts
,1.?
Attempts here refer to the numer of ;A('O=5! 8!OM ,T!A( sent to the ,5s"
)e$"enta0e o- Spee"' IRAT /O 7ailu$es ,due to Command $eFe"ted by UEB )'ysi"al C'annel
7ailu$e and ot'e$ $easons. ,1.?
Also in this case$ over the total numer of attempts +;A('O=5! 8O!M ,T!A( sent to the ,5s."
6imilar metrics can e defined for )S "alls and IRAT Cell C'an0es?
Out0oin0 IRAT Cell C'an0e 7ailu$e Rate ,1.?
This metric gives the rate of CC 8ailures over the total numer of CC from ,T!A( sent to the ,5s"

6 !TJATT5MPT 06J;;OJC6J
06;;OJ!T AB<5J5@5CJ ,T!A(J(OTJ
N -00
1
]
1
0 6 ; ; O J ! T . A B < 5 J 5 @ 5 C J , T ! A ( J ( O T J 2 T 6 J ! T J A T T 5 M P + 0 6 J ; ; O J C 6
! T 6 J ; ; O J & P 6 J C O ( J ' ! P 6 J 0 J 6 C J ! T ; O J < B J ! 6 = ! C O ( ' ! J 0 6 J ;
; O J 6 B J ! T C O ( ' ! J 0 6 J ; T O T J ! T ; O J < B J P T @ J C O ( ' ! J 0 6 J ;
T O T J ! T ; O J < B J P ! @ J C O ( ' ! J 0 6 J ; < 0 M J ! T ; O J < B J ! 5 6 J C O ( ' ! J 0 6 J ;
G J C A < < 6 J ; ; O J 5 M 5 ! C O ( J ' ! P 6 J 0
M 6 J ! T 6 J ; ; O J 0 M J 0 C O ( J ' ! P 6 J 0 J ! T 6 J ; ; O J 5 C ( O C O ( J ' ! P 6 J 0
J ! T 6 J ; ; O J ! 6 C P C O ( J ' ! P 6 J 0 P C ; J ! T 6 J ; ; O J ' < J ' C O ( J ' ! P 6 J 0
& ! J ! T 6 J ; ; O J , 5 J P C O ( J ' ! P 6 J 0 C ; J 4 J ! T 6 J ; ; O J , < J ' C O ( J ' ! P 6 J 0
N - 0 0

,
_
+
+ +
+ +
+
+ +
+ +
+ +
0 6 ; ; O J ! T . A B < 5 J 5 @ 5 C J , T ! A ( J ( O T J 2 T 6 J ! T J A T T 5 M P + 0 6 J ; ; O J C 6
C A < < ; ; O J 5 M 5 ! G J , ( 6 , C C J 0 6 J
O J ! T ; ; O J 0 M J 0 M 6 , ( 6 , C C J 0 6 J O 5 C ( O J ! T ; ; O J C P 0 C ; J , ( 6 , C C J 0 6 J
O ! 6 C P J ! T ; ; O J C P 0 C ; J , ( 6 , C C J 0 6 J O ; J P & ! J ! T ; ; O J ' < J ' P C , ( 6 , C C J 0 6 J
O J P & ! J ! T ; ; O J , 5 J T ! @ , ( 6 , C C J 0 6 J O J 4 J ! T ; ; O J , < J ' C ; , ( 6 , C C J 0 6 J
O ; ; O J & P 6 J ! T , ( 6 , C C J 0 6 J O ; ; O J 6 B J ! T , ( 6 , C C J 0 6 J
O J < 0 M J ! T ; ; O J < B J ! 5 6 , ( 6 , C C J 0 6 J O ! J 6 C J ! T ; ; O J < B J ! 6 = , ( 6 , C C J 0 6 J
O J T O T J ! T ; ; O J < B J P T @ , ( 6 , C C J 0 6 J O J T O T J ! T ; ; O J < B J P ! @ , ( 6 , C C J 0 6 J
N - 0 0

,
_
L
T J 0 M J 0 M 6 J ( ! 0 6 J ; ; O J A T T
O J ( ! T J C P 0 C ; J 5 C ( 0 6 J ; ; O J A T T P J ( ! T J C P 0 C ; J ! 6 C 0 6 J ; ; O J A T T
& ! J ( ! T J ' < J ' P C ; J P 0 6 J ; ; O J A T T ! J ( ! T J , 5 J T ! @ J P & 0 6 J ; ; O J A T T
( ! T J , < J ' C ; J 4 J 0 6 J ; ; O J A T T J 6 B J ( ! T 0 6 J ; ; O J A T T
M J ( ! T J < B J ! 5 6 J < 0 0 6 J ; ; O J A T T C J ( ! T J < B J ! 6 = ! J 6 0 6 J ; ; O J A T T
< J ( ! T J < B J C A P A J ' 0 6 J ; ; O J A T T < J ( ! T J < B J C A P A J , 0 6 J ; ; O J A T T
T J ( ! T J < B J P T @ J T O 0 6 J ; ; O J A T T T J ( ! T J < B J P ! @ J T O 0 6 J ; ; O J A T T
! T O J 0 M J 0 M 6 J ( 6 , C C J 0 6 J ; ;
( O J ( ! T O J C P 0 C ; J 5 C 6 , C C J 0 6 J ; ; C P J ( ! T O J C P 0 C ; J ! 6 6 , C C J 0 6 J ; ;
P & ! J ( ! T O J ' < J ' P C ; J 6 , C C J 0 6 J ; ; & ! J ( ! T O J , 5 J T ! @ J P 6 , C C J 0 6 J ; ;
J ( ! T O J , < J ' C ; J 4 6 , C C J 0 6 J ; ; O J 6 B J ( ! T 6 , C C J 0 6 J ; ;
0 M J ( ! T O J < B J ! 5 6 J < 6 , C C J 0 6 J ; ; 6 C J ( ! T O J < B J ! 6 = ! J 6 , C C J 0 6 J ; ;
' < J ( ! T O J < B J C A P A J 6 , C C J 0 6 J ; ; , < J ( ! T O J < B J C A P A J 6 , C C J 0 6 J ; ;
O T J ( ! T O J < B J P T @ J T 6 , C C J 0 6 J ; ; O T J ( ! T O J < B J P ! @ J T 6 , C C J 0 6 J ; ;
2 K - N - 0 0
,
_
,
_
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
And again$ also for 0!AT CC$ some P6 connections succeed in getting the 1G system +6uccessful Cell
Change.$ some others donUt +Cell Change 8ailures$ in general." Amongst these 0!AT CC 8ailures$ )e have
1 cases no)? those connections that managed to get ac* to %G$ and those ones that donUt +these BlostC
connections are 0!AT P6 drops."
8ollo)ing metric gives the percentage of CCUs from ,T!A( lost$ i"e"$ 0!AT P6 drops?
)e$"enta0e o- Out0oin0 IRAT Cell C'an0e D$ops ,1.?
0t is also interesting to estimate the contriution of CCUs from ,T!A( for )hich the ,5 fails to get 1G$
ut manages to return to old channel in %G" Therefore$ the BCell change order from ,T!A( failureC
+!!C. message is received from the ,5" 0t doesnUt trigger a dropped call$ ut it can e responsile of
dropped calls for poor coverage due to the delay in the 0!AT CC eDecution?
)e$"enta0e o- Out0oin0 IRAT Cell C'an0e 7ailu$es ,1. Gnot in"ludin0 d$ops(?
,
_
,
_
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
T J 0 M J 0 M 6 J ( ! 0 6 J ; ; O J A T T
M 6 J ( ! T 6 J ; ; O J 0 M J 0 C O ( J ' ! P 6 J 0
; J 5 C ( O J ( ! T 6 J ; ; O J C P 0 C C O ( J ' ! P 6 J 0 ; J ! 6 C P J ( ! T 6 J ; ; O J C P 0 C C O ( J ' ! P 6 J 0
T P C ; J P & ! J ( ! 6 J ; ; O J ' < J ' C O ( J ' ! P 6 J 0 ! @ J P & ! J ( ! T 6 J ; ; O J , 5 J T C O ( J ' ! P 6 J 0
C ; J 4 J ( ! T 6 J ; ; O J , < J ' C O ( J ' ! P 6 J 0 ; O J 6 B J ( ! T C O ( ' ! J 0 6 J ;
< 0 M J ( ! T ; O J < B J ! 5 6 J C O ( ' ! J 0 6 J ; J 6 C J ( ! T ; O J < B J ! 6 = ! C O ( ' ! J 0 6 J ;
J ' < J ( ! T ; O J < B J C A P A C O ( ' ! J 0 6 J ; J , < J ( ! T ; O J < B J C A P A C O ( ' ! J 0 6 J ;
T O T J ( ! T ; O J < B J P T @ J C O ( ' ! J 0 6 J ; T O T J ( ! T ; O J < B J P ! @ J C O ( ' ! J 0 6 J ;
N - 0 0
,
_
,
_
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
T J 0 M J 0 M 6 J ( ! 0 6 J ; ; O J A T T
; O J ( ! T 5 J 5 @ 5 C J 0 6 ; , 5 J ( O T J A B < J ( ! T ; ; O J 0 M J 0 M 6 , ( 6 , C C J 0 6 J
5 C ( O J ( ! T ; ; O J C P 0 C ; J , ( 6 , C C J 0 6 J ! 6 C P J ( ! T ; ; O J C P 0 C ; J , ( 6 , C C J 0 6 J
; J P & ! J ( ! T ; ; O J ' < J ' P C , ( 6 , C C J 0 6 J J P & ! J ( ! T ; ; O J , 5 J T ! @ , ( 6 , C C J 0 6 J
J 4 J ( ! T ; ; O J , < J ' C ; , ( 6 , C C J 0 6 J ; ; O J 6 B J ( ! T , ( 6 , C C J 0 6 J
J < 0 M J ( ! T ; ; O J < B J ! 5 6 , ( 6 , C C J 0 6 J ! J 6 C J ( ! T ; ; O J < B J ! 6 = , ( 6 , C C J 0 6 J
A J ' < J ( ! T ; ; O J < B J C A P , ( 6 , C C J 0 6 J A J , < J ( ! T ; ; O J < B J C A P , ( 6 , C C J 0 6 J
J T O T J ( ! T ; ; O J < B J P T @ , ( 6 , C C J 0 6 J J T O T J ( ! T ; ; O J < B J P ! @ , ( 6 , C C J 0 6 J
N - 0 0
9&%&9 -TBI7 /ando#e$ 7ailu$es
0nter28re/uency ;Os are also hard handovers" Also here the possiilities are?
the ,5 succeeds in handover to the target carrier +6uccessful 08 ;O.
the ,5 fails in getting the target carrier and comes ac* to the original carrier +08 ;O 8ailure.
the ,5 fails in getting the target carrier and also fails to get ac* to the original carrier +BlostC call G 08
drop.
)e$"enta0e o- RT I7 /O lost ,d$opped. ,1.?
)e$"enta0e o- NRT I7 /O lost ,d$opped. ,1.?
A correct definition of neighors is critical for oth 0!AT and 08 ;O"
8or 08 ;O the neighours definition could e even more difficult?
0solated or order second layer cells could have a very large and unpredicted coverage eDtension
ecause they are not limited y the surrounding
On the other hand the target &C'MA cells )ill e only availale in the area )here they are the est$ in
other positions they )ill e really interfered and cannot e used
!efer to internal Claro docs" !ef" ####"##? Multicarrier 6trategy in Claro$ !ef"####"##? P6C Plan and
(eighor <ist 6trategy in Claro"
,
_
,
_
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
J 0 M J 0 M 6 J ! T 0 8 J ; ; O J A T T
O J ! T J C P 0 C ; J 5 C ( 0 8 J ; ; O J A T T P J ! T J C P 0 C ; J ! 6 C 0 8 J ; ; O J A T T
& ! J ! T J ' < J ' P C ; J P 0 8 J ; ; O J A T T ! J ! T J , 5 J T ! @ J P & 0 8 J ; ; O J A T T
! T J , < J ' C ; J 4 J 0 8 J ; ; O J A T T J 6 B J ! T 0 8 J ; ; O J A T T
M J ! T J < B J ! 5 6 J < 0 0 8 J ; ; O J A T T C J ! T J < B J ! 6 = ! J 6 0 8 J ; ; O J A T T
T J ! T J < B J P T @ J T O 0 8 J ; ; O J A T T T J ! T J < B J P ! @ J T O 0 8 J ; ; O J A T T
M 6 J ! T 8 J ; ; O J 0 M J 0 C O ( J ' ! P 6 J 0
; J 5 C ( O J ! T 8 J ; ; O J C P 0 C C O ( J ' ! P 6 J 0 ; J ! 6 C P J ! T 8 J ; ; O J C P 0 C C O ( J ' ! P 6 J 0
P C ; J P & ! J ! T 8 J ; ; O J ' < J ' C O ( J ' ! P 6 J 0 ! @ J P & ! J ! T 8 J ; ; O J , 5 J T C O ( J ' ! P 6 J 0
C ; J 4 J ! T 8 J ; ; O J , < J ' C O ( J ' ! P 6 J 0 ; O J 6 B J ! T C O ( ' ! J 0 8 J ;
< 0 M J ! T ; O J < B J ! 5 6 J C O ( ' ! J 0 8 J ; J 6 C J ! T ; O J < B J ! 6 = ! C O ( ' ! J 0 8 J ;
T O T J ! T ; O J < B J P T @ J C O ( ' ! J 0 8 J ; T O T J ! T ; O J < B J P ! @ J C O ( ' ! J 0 8 J ;
N - 0 0
,
_
,
_
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+
+ +
T J 0 M J 0 M 6 J ( ! 0 8 J ; ; O J A T T
< J ( ! T J < B J C A P A J , 0 8 J ; ; O J A T T < J ( ! T J < B J C A P A J ' 0 8 J ; ; O J A T T
M 6 J ( ! T 8 J ; ; O J 0 M J 0 C O ( J ' ! P 6 J 0
; J 5 C ( O J ( ! T 8 J ; ; O J C P 0 C C O ( J ' ! P 6 J 0 ; J ! 6 C P J ( ! T 8 J ; ; O J C P 0 C C O ( J ' ! P 6 J 0
T P C ; J P & ! J ( ! 8 J ; ; O J ' < J ' C O ( J ' ! P 6 J 0 ! @ J P & ! J ( ! T 8 J ; ; O J , 5 J T C O ( J ' ! P 6 J 0
C ; J 4 J ( ! T 8 J ; ; O J , < J ' C O ( J ' ! P 6 J 0 ; O J 6 B J ( ! T C O ( ' ! J 0 8 J ;
< 0 M J ( ! T ; O J < B J ! 5 6 J C O ( ' ! J 0 8 J ; J 6 C J ( ! T ; O J < B J ! 6 = ! C O ( ' ! J 0 8 J ;
J , < J ( ! T ; O J < B J C A P A C O ( ' ! J 0 8 J ; J ' < J ( ! T ; O J < B J C A P A C O ( ' ! J 0 8 J ;
T O T J ( ! T ; O J < B J P T @ J C O ( ' ! J 0 8 J ; T O T J ( ! T ; O J < B J P ! @ J C O ( ' ! J 0 8 J ;
N - 0 0
9&* -1BCapa"ity Issues: Con0estion 4onito$in0
8ollo)ing counters in Measurement? Cell resource +M-000. should e considered in the analysis?
C;JCO'5J'O&(GJ!T
T(e number of %S/! c(annelisation code do)n.rades due to con.estion of NRT /C% reCuests.
Updated& '(en t(e code do)n.rade is started due to a RT o*er %S/! prioritisation.
C;JCO'5J'O&(GJ(!TJ'C;
T(e number of %S/! c(annelisation code do)n.rades due to con.estion of RT /C% reCuests.
Updated& '(en t(e code do)n.rade is started due to a NRT /C% o*er %S/! prioritisation.
!adio earer do)ngrades and releases due to congestion?
!BJ'O&(G!J',5JO<CJT8CJ6,B6
T(e number of radio bearer do)n.rades b8 t(e en(anced o*erload control usin. t(e T#C subset met(od.
Updated& '(en t(e RNC sends RRC& TR!NS9RT #9R0!T C90BIN!TI9N C9NTR9$ to t(e UE.
!BJ'O&(G!J',5J']<OJ!<JPO&5!
T(e number of radio bearer do)n.rades b8 t(e d8namic lin- optimisation for NRT traffic due to R$ po)er con.estion.
Updated& '(en t(e RNC recei*es an NB!& R!/I9 $IN+ REC9N#I,UR!TI9N RE!/> messa.e from t(e BTS.
!BJ'O&(G!J',5JPB6JAA<1
T(e number of RB do)n.rades b8 priorit8-based sc(edulin. 1BS5 due to !!$4 con.estion.
Updated& '(en t(e radio bearer is successfull8 do)n.raded.
!BJ'O&(G!J',5JPB6JBT6
T(e number of RB do)n.rades b8 priorit8-based sc(edulin. 1BS5 due to BTS con.estion.
!BJ'O&(G!J',5JPB6J0(T5!8
T(e number of RB do)n.rades b8 priorit8-based sc(edulin. 1BS5 due to interference con.estion.
!BJ'O&(G!J',5JPB6J6P!5A'
T(e number of RB do)n.rades b8 priorit8-based sc(edulin. 1BS5 due to spreadin. code con.estion..
!BJ'O&(G!J',5JP!5J5MPJAA<1
T(e number of RB do)n.rades b8 pre-emption due to !!$4 con.estion.
!BJ'O&(G!J',5JP!5J5MPJBT6
T(e number of RB do)n.rades b8 pre-emption due to BTS con.estion.
!BJ'O&(G!J',5JP!5J5MPJ0(T5!8
T(e number of RB do)n.rades b8 pre-emption due to interference con.estion.
!BJ'O&(G!J',5JP!5J5MPJ6P!5A'
T(e number of RB do)n.rades b8 pre-emption due to spreadin. code con.estion.
!BJ'O&(G!J',5JO<CJ!<J!5CO(8
T(e number of radio bearer do)n.rades b8 t(e en(anced o*erload control usin. t(e radio lin- reconfi.uration met(od.
!BJ!5<5A65J',5J']<OJ!<JPO&5!
T(e number of released radio bearers b8 t(e d8namic lin- optimisation for NRT traffic due to R$ po)er con.estion.
Updated& '(en t(e radio bearer is successfull8 released.
!BJ!5<5A65J',5JPB6JAA<1
T(e number of released radio bearers b8 priorit8-based sc(edulin. 1BS5 due to !!$4 con.estion.
!BJ!5<5A65J',5JPB6JBT6
T(e number of released radio bearers b8 priorit8-based sc(edulin. 1BS5 due to BTS con.estion.
!BJ!5<5A65J',5JPB6J0(T5!8
T(e number of released radio bearers b8 priorit8-based sc(edulin. 1BS5 due to interference con.estion.
!BJ!5<5A65J',5JPB6J6P!5A'
T(e number of released radio bearers b8 priorit8-based sc(edulin. 1BS5 due to spreadin. code con.estion.
!BJ!5<5A65J',5JP!5J5MPJAA<1
T(e number of released radio bearers b8 pre-emption due to !!$4 con.estion.
!BJ!5<5A65J',5JP!5J5MPJBT6
T(e number of released radio bearers b8 pre-emption due to BTS con.estion
!BJ!5<5A65J',5JP!5J5MPJ0(T8
T(e number of released radio bearers b8 pre-emption due to interference con.estion.
!BJ!5<5A65J',5JP!5J5MPJ6P!5A
T(e number of released radio bearers b8 pre-emption due to spreadin. code con.estion.
!BJ!5<5A65J',5JO<CJ!<J!5CO(8
T(e number of radio bearer releases b8 t(e en(anced o*erload control usin. t(e radio lin- reconfi.uration met(od.
9&9 -%BOt'e$ 7aults
6ection %"1"M descries the OT/ERS Spee"' DCR ,1."
8or further analysis of this dropped calls contriution$ try to correlate )ith Transport (et)or*$ !(C$
CO!5$Q issues"

T( chec*ings should include$ amongst others$ counters for Transmission 5rrored 6econds +pm5s.$
Transmission 6everely 5rrored 6econds +pm6es.$ Transmission ,navailale 6econds +pm,as." Also for
other MOs? 0ma<in*$ etc"
!efer to Claro internal 'oc" !ef" ####"##? Optimization Guidelines? Transport (et)or* in (6( for
further details"
8or further investigation$ chec* follo)ing counters in Measurement? <% signalling at 0u +M-00E.
Counters in this section are updated only for ase stations using %GPP (BAP protocol"
R$"#!I$"SRNC"RN$
T(e number of radio lin- failures on SRNC due to radio net)or- la8er cause.
Updated& '(en a dedicated NB! si.nallin. entit8 recei*es an NB!&R!/I9 $IN+ #!I$URE messa.e from a BTS.
R$"#!I$"SRNC"TR$
T(e number of radio lin- failures on SRNC due to transmission la8er cause.
R$"#!I$"SRNC"R9T
T(e number of radio lin- failures on SRNC due to protocol cause.
,pdated? &hen a dedicated (BAP signalling entity receives an (BAP?!A'0O <0(H 8A0<,!5 message from a BT6"
R$"#!I$"SRNC"0ISC
T(e number of radio lin- failures on SRNC due to miscellaneous cause.
R$"#!I$"/RNC"RN$
T(e number of radio lin- failures on /RNC due to radio net)or- la8er cause.
R$"#!I$"/RNC"TR$
T(e number of radio lin- failures on /RNC due to transmission la8er cause.
R$"#!I$"/RNC"R9T
T(e number of radio lin- failures on /RNC due to protocol cause.
R$"#!I$"/RNC"0ISC
T(e number of radio lin- failures on /RNC due to miscellaneous cause.
: ABRE7ERENCES
K-L WCDMA (UMTS) Deployment Handboo! Plannin" and #ptimi$ation Aspects" Christophe Chevallier$
Christopher Brunner$ Andrea Garavaglia$ Hevin P" Murray$ Henneth !" Ba*er +All of 4,A<COMM
0ncorporated California$ ,6A." 5d" ôhn &iley & 6ons" 100>
K1L %adio &et'or Plannin" and #ptimisation (or UMTS" âana <aiho and Achim &ac*er KBoth of (o*ia
(et)or*s$ (o*ia Group$ 8inlandL & Toma_ s` (ovosad K(o*ia (et)or*s$ (o*ia Group$ ,6AL" 5d" ôhn
&iley & 6ons" 100>
K%L WCDMA %adio Access &et'or #ptimi$ation" <\T -1% M13T !-C" 5ricsson 100>"
KAL %etainability)Analysis and Monitor !evE" Guidelines delivered y 5ricsson Brazil to Claro in (ov"1003
KEL Introd*ction to UMTS #ptimi$ation" &ray Castle$ 100A
K>L NED :&:& (6( 5lectronic 'ocumentation <irary
(o*ia &C'MA !A($ !el" !A60>$ 6ystem <irary v">
(o*ia 6iemens (et)or*s &C'MA !A($ !el" !,-0$ 6ystem <irary$ v" -
(o*ia 6iemens (et)or*s 8leDi B6C$ !el" 6-A$ 6ite 'ocumentation$ v"-
; EBANNEH I: Call Reestablis'ment ,Cell Update p$o"edu$e.
0f a call drops ecause of a radio lin* failure$ and if net)or* settings allo) Call !eestalishment$ the ,5
can reestalish the call connection through the "ell update p$o"edu$e&
After the drop$ a suitale cell is reselected and the ,5 sends a cell update$ as sho)n in neDt slide
8igure" This procedure re/uires the radio condition to recover /uic*ly from the radio lin* failureI
other)ise higher layers on the ,T!A( )ill clear the call"
After a suitale cell is found$ the ,5 transitions to C5<< 8AC;" The ,5 sends a Cell ,pdate message
using a random access procedure$ the normal procedure for radio lin* estalishment" 0n this procedure$
the net)or* can send a Cell ,pdate Confirmed message to instruct the ,5 to return to the C5<< 'C;
state )ith ne) !B$ transport channel$ and physical channel information +)ith ne) assigned dedicated
channel information." This is similar to the procedure used in channel2type s)itching +from C5<< 8AC;
to C5<< 'C;. during a pac*et s)itched call" The ,5 then responds )ith one of the follo)ing
ac*no)ledgment <ayer % messages? !B !econfiguration Complete$ Transport Channel !econfiguration
Complete$ or Physical Channel !econfiguration Complete"
0f the connection is successfully reestalished$ the dropped call could e a system percei+ed call drop
rather than a *ser)percei+ed call drop, beca*se the *ser does not ha+e to manually intervene to
reestalish the connection" 6ystem2perceived call drops and user2perceived call drops should e
counted separately during net)or* analysis" 0t can ta*e up to T%-E seconds +for P6. or T%-A s +for C6. to
complete the lin* reestalishment procedure$ during )hich the ,5 transitions to C5<< 8AC;$ recovers
from the radio lin* failure$ reads all the 60Bs$ sends the cell update message$ and receives the cell
update Complete message )ith ne) channel information" 'uring this time$ the conversation sounds are
muted to the user"

System and Use$ )e$"ei#ed )S Call D$ops "an be easily $epo$ted -$om d$i#e test lo0(-iles&
,ser2perceived call drops are a suset of system2perceived call drops" 0n these cases$ the call )as not
recovered automaticallyI the user had to reactivate it manually"
,se ActiD to get the numer of call drops"
'isplay on tale? %G ,MT6 RR 5vent 'ata RR,uJOutgoingCallOHJP6$ ,uJCall'roppedJP6 and
,uJCallCompletedJP6
The count of B,uJCall'roppedJP6C is the numer of system2perceived call drops"
The difference et)een B,uJOutgoingCallOHJP6C and B,uJCallCompletedJP6C is the numer of user2
perceived call drops"
= EBANNEH II: U<D Radio Syn"'$onization
,T!A( and ,5 +<ayer -. constantly monitor the ,plin* and 'o)nlin* for synchronization through 4in
and 4out$ )hich are in2sync and out2of2sync primitives$ respectively" 0t is important to understand this
process ecause it is the source of dropped calls that can have misleading signatures"
=&1 -%BD Syn"'$onization
(eDt 8igure sho)s a Call drop due to loss of 'o)nlin* synchronization
DoCnlin> out(o-(syn" is reported )ith each frame using the CP;]2out2of2sync20(' primitive$ )hich
chec*s to see )hether either of the t)o follo)ing /uality criteria is true?
'o)nlin* 'edicated Physical Control Channel +'< 'PCC;. /uality over the previous ->0 ms is
)orse than 4out K%GPP 1E"-0-" ,5 !adio transmission and reception +8''.L" 8or this situation$ 4out is not
defined formally in the standard$ ut is commonly implemented using '< 60!"
All of the last 10 transport loc*s received have C!C errors and$ of the C!C2protected loc*s$
all transport loc*s received in the last ->0 ms have C!C errors"
0f (%-% successive out2of2sync indicators are detected at <ayer -$ the ,5 )aits for the T%-% timer to
eDpire efore declaring a radio lin* failure" T%-% is implemented to allo) the lin* to recover" 0f (%-E
successive in2sync indicators are detected$ the entire out2of2sync process is reset" (%-%$ T%-% and (%-E
are roadcast in 60B -"
DoCnlin> in(syn" is reported in every radio frame +-0 ms.$ using the CP;]2sync20(' primitive" This
process chec*s to see )hether both of the follo)ing /uality criteria are met?
'< 'PCC; /uality over the previous ->0 ms is etter than 4in K%GPP 1E"-0-" ,5 !adio
transmission and reception +8''.L"
At least one correct C!C is received in a TT0 ending in the current frame" Only C!C2protected
loc*s are considered" The criterion is assumed to e fulfilled if no C!C2protected loc*s are transmitted"
After 4out is detected$ the ,5 Po)er Amplifier +PA. is turned off" Because the 'o)nlin* cannot e
demodulated relialy$ po)er control information is not receivedI thus the PA is turned off to avoid
generating interference on the ,plin*" 0f the 4out condition is maintained for (%-% frames$ the ,5
declares CP;]2out2of2sync" The ,5 then starts a process similar to initial ac/uisition of the radio lin*$
ecause the system timing is considered lost at this point" 0f the ac/uisition process does not succeed
)ithin T%-%$ the lin* is considered lost and radio lin* failure is declared"
The &-.- and T-.- parameters directly in(l*ence ho' lon" a call can be maintained in bad %/
conditions" 0f these parameters are too short$ many calls may e prematurely dropped under rapidly
changing !8 conditions" On the other hand$ setting these times too long allo)s more time for calls to
recover ut may affect call /uality and resource utilization"
8or simplicity$ the eDample in the 8igure aove assumes that the ,5 PA turns off after the first 4out"
The actual process is more compleD? ->0 ms after physical channel estalishment$ the ,5 turns its
transmitter on or off according to the 'o)nlin* 'PCC; /uality criteria$ as follo)s?
The ,5 turns off its transmitter )hen it estimates that the 'PCC; /uality over the last ->0 ms
is )orse than a threshold 4out"
The ,5 can turn its transmitter on again )hen it estimates that the 'PCC; /uality over the
last ->0 ms is etter than a threshold 4in" &hen transmission is resumed$ the po)er of the 'PCC; is the same
as )hen the ,5 transmitter )as turned off"
This allo)s the ,5 to turn off its PA after ->0 ms$ ut turn it ac* on only after -0 ms if the 4in
threshold is lo)er than 4out" 0t is not uncommon for the ,5 to turn po)er on and off under ad !8
conditions in response to synchronization loss and recovery"
=&% -%BU Syn"'$onization
8or the (ode B$ a similar process is availale through the CP;]2sync20(' or CP;]2out2of2sync20('
primitives"
The (ode B monitors the ,plin* synchronization K%GPP 1E"1-A" Physical layer procedures +8''.L and
reports a CP;]2sync20(' or CP;]2out2of2sync20(' primitive to the !< 8ailure7!estored triggering
function"
T'e Uplin> syn"'$onization "$ite$ia a$e not spe"i-ied in t'e standa$d$ ut could e ased on
similar measurements9C!C and7or 'PCC; /uality"
&ith soft handover$ a call could e supported y several radio lin*sI therefore$ some #endo$s 'a#e
implemented sepa$ate time$s -o$ indi#idual lin>s and t'e o#e$all "onne"tion" 0f a radio lin*
fails$ only the lin*2specific timer eDpires and only that specific lin* clears" Alternatively$ if the connection
timer eDpires$ the connection )ould drop"

Optimization Guidelines Retain Ability NSN Draft1

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Optimization Guidelines Retain Ability NSN Draft1

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+ !eleases. !AB Anormal of (o !eleases !AB (ormal of +(o

+ !eleases. !AB Anormal of (o !eleases !AB (ormal of +(o

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