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Generic name: CARVEDILOL Drug class: Alpha and beta blockers Indications: Used to treat high blood pressure

and heart failure; also used after a heart attack to imrpve the chance of survival because lowering the blood pressure helps prevent strokes, heart attacks and kidney problems. MOA: Works by blocking the action of certain natural chemicals in the body (such as epinephrine) that affect the heart and blood vessels. This effect lowers heart rate, blood pressure and strain on the heart. Nsg resp: Check BP and heart rate before giving the drug, if BP is lower than 90/60 and if HR is lower than 60 bpm, do not give the drug. Generic name: amlodipine (Norvasc) Drug class: Calcium channel blocker Indication: Prescribed for chest pain because angina may occur due to insufficient oxygen delivered to the heart muscles wherein it can be a result of coronary artery blockage or spasm. Amlodipine is used for the treatment and prevention of angina resulting from coronary spasm as well as from exertion. Amlodipine is also used in the treatment of high blood pressure. MOA: Block the transport of calcium into the smooth muscle cells lining the arteries of the heart and other arteries of the body. Blocking calcium transport relaxes arterial muscles and expands coronary arteries By dilating coronary arteries, amlodipine increases the flow of blood to the heart and is useful in preventing heart pain (angina) resulting from reduced flow of blood to the heart caused by coronary artery spasm (contraction). Relaxing the muscles lining the arteries in the rest of the body lowers blood pressure, which reduces the work that the heart must do to pump blood to the body. Reducing the work of the heart also lessens the heart muscle's need for oxygen, and thereby further helps to prevent angina in patients with coronary artery disease. Nsg resp: Check the BP and heart rate before administering the drug. If BP is lower than 90/60 and if HR is lower than 60 bpm, do not give the drug. Generic name: Sultamicillin Drug class: Antibiotic (combination of ampicillin and sulbactam) Indications: This medication is an antibiotic combination, prescribed for urinary tract infection, otitis media, and gonorrhea. It is a mutual pro drug of ampicillin and sulbactam. Skin and Soft Tissue Infections - Furuncles, carbuncles, cellulitis, paronychia, impetigo contagiosa, diabetic foot ulcers and abscesses caused by Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes. Upper Respiratory Tract Infections - Pharyngitis and tonsillitis caused by S. pyogenes and S. aureus. Acute and chronic sinusitis caused by S. aureus, S.

pneumoniae, H. influenzae and S. pyogenes. Otitis media particularly suppurative otitis media with or without mastoiditis antrum. Lower Respiratory Tract Infections - Bacterial pneumonias, bronchitis, bronchiectasis caused by S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, Staphylococcus aureus and S. pyogenes. Acute exacerbations of COPD. Urinary Tract Infections - Pyelonephritis, cystitis caused by E.coli, P. mirabilis, Klebsiella, Enterobacter and Staphylococcus aureus. Surgical Infections - Prophylaxis and treatment of surgical site infections, perioperative prophylaxis in orthopaedic and cardiovascular surgery. Gynaecological Infections - Caused by betalactamase producing strains of Escherichia coli and Bacteroids sp. (including B. Fragilis). Infections of Gastrointestinal tract - Bacterial esophagitis, treatment of H. pylori infections as a part of MDT in ulcer management. MOA: Sultamicillin after absorption releases ampicillin and sulbactam into the system, so all the antibacterial efficacy of sultamicillin is due to ampicillin and sulbactam. Ampicillin exerts antibacterial activity against sensitive organisms by inhibiting biosynthesis of cell wall mucopeptide where as sulbactam irreversibly inhibits most important betalactamases that occur in resistant strains. Nsg resp: Monitor liver, kidney functions regularly while taking the medication. Instruct client that this drug may cause dizziness. Generic name: Telmisartan Drug class: Angiotensin receptor blocker Indication: Telmisartan is used for the treatment of hypertension (high blood pressure). It also is used for reducing the risk of heart attack,stroke, or death from cardiovascular causes in patients 55 years of age or older at high risk of developing major cardiovascular events but who are unable to take ACE inhibitors. MOA: Angiotensin, formed in the blood by the action of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), is a powerful chemical that attaches to angiotensin receptors found in many tissues but primarily on muscle cells of blood vessels. Angiotensin's attachment to the receptors causes muscle cells to shorten and narrow the blood vessels (vasoconstrict), which leads to an increase in blood pressure (hypertension). Telmisartan blocks the angiotensin receptor. By blocking the action of angiotensin, telmisartan widens blood vessels (vasodilate) and reduces blood pressure. Nsg resp: Specifically only check the blood pressure before administering the drug. If the BP is lower than 90/60, do not give the drug to the patient.

Generic name: clonidine (Catapres) Drug class: Central alpha agonists Indication: This medication is used to treat high blood pressure. MOA: Catapres (clonidine) lowers blood pressure by decreasing the levels of certain chemicals in your blood. This allows your blood vessels to relax and your heart to beat more slowly and easily. Nsg Resp: Check the BP and HR before administering the drug. If BP is lower than 90/60 and if HR is lower than 60 bpm, do not give the drug. Generic name: pantoprazole Drug class: Proton pump inhibitor Indication: It is used to treat acid-related stomach and throat (esophagus) problems such as acid reflux (GERD), erosive esophagitis, and Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. Decreasing extra stomach acid can help relieve symptoms such as heartburn, difficulty swallowing, persistent cough, and trouble sleeping. It can also prevent serious acid damage to the digestive system (e.g., ulcers, cancer of the esophagus). MOA: Pantoprazole blocks the enzyme in the wall of the stomach that produces acid. By blocking the enzyme, the production of acid is decreased, and this allows the stomach and esophagus to heal. Nsg resp: Ensure that this drug should be given before meals. Brand name: NeuroAid Drug class: Oral supplement Indication: It is suitable for those who have had a stroke within the past six months and suffer from paralysis or reduced neurological functions as a result. The drug is able to help improve functions such as the ability to speak, think, and move around. MOA: Neuroaid can assist individuals to make improved recoveries. It has the ability to increase the production of neurons in the brain and also helps the neurons to connect with each other. This essentially helps the brain to rewire itself so that communication between the brain and body can be restored. Afterward, stroke patients may be able to regain their independence much quicker. Generic name: citicoline Drug class: CNS stimulant, nootropics, peripheral vasodilators, cerebral activators Indication: Indicated in CVD in acute recovery phase in severe signs and symptoms of cerebrovascular insufficiency and in-cranial traumatism and their sequellae. Citicoline in CVA, stimulates brain function. MOA: It increases blood flow and O2 consumption in the brain. It is also involved in the biosynthesis action. Citicoline seems to increase a brain chemical called

phosphatidylcholine. This brain chemical is important for brain function. Citicoline might also decrease brain tissue damage when the brain is injured. Nsg resp: Monitor patients neurologic status. Note if there are any signs of slurring of speech.

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